CN114123763B - Low-ripple soft-switching Cuk converter circuit and modulation method - Google Patents
Low-ripple soft-switching Cuk converter circuit and modulation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114123763B CN114123763B CN202111275225.4A CN202111275225A CN114123763B CN 114123763 B CN114123763 B CN 114123763B CN 202111275225 A CN202111275225 A CN 202111275225A CN 114123763 B CN114123763 B CN 114123763B
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- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/005—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output using Cuk converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-ripple soft-switching Cuk converter circuit and a modulation method, which belong to the field of power electronics and comprise a link energy storage capacitor C 1, a resonant capacitor C s, an output filter capacitor C o, a resonant branch diode D ax, a main switching tube Q 1、Q2 and an auxiliary resonant switching tube Q ax, and a coupling inductance M after coupling an input inductance L 1, an output inductance L 2, a resonant inductance L ax and an L 1、L2. The converter realizes zero-voltage conduction and zero-current turn-off of the main switching tube Q 1 by controlling the conduction and turn-off of the main switching tube Q 1、Q2 and the auxiliary resonant switching tube Q ax, and realizes zero-voltage conduction of the main switching tube Q 2 and zero-current turn-off of the anti-parallel diode D Q2 thereof. The invention comprises: 1) The output current ripple is small, and the power factor is high; 2) The link energy storage capacitor is designed in a critical conduction working mode, and a small-capacity non-electrolytic capacitor can be used for replacing an electrolytic capacitor; 3) The soft switching function of the main switching device of the converter is realized, and the output ripple of the converter is reduced by the coupling inductance technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, in particular relates to a low-ripple soft switch Cuk circuit and a modulation method, is suitable for a switching power supply, and belongs to the field of direct current/direct current (DC/DC) converters.
Background
With the rapid development of renewable energy systems, smart grids and electric vehicles, the demand for high performance non-isolated/isolated DC-DC converters has increased greatly in numerous applications. The power density and efficiency of the converters are of increasing interest, as the main operating principle of basic power converters is well understood.
The most straightforward way to improve the power density is to increase the switching frequency, since the size and volume of the built-in passive components are highly dependent thereon. However, an increase in switching frequency causes electromagnetic interference (EMI) problems and causes additional switching losses, thereby reducing the efficiency of the power converter. In addition, the excessive ripple of the output of the converter can affect the quality and reliability of the converter.
To increase the efficiency and power density of the converter, researchers have mainly thought: the soft switching function of the main switching device of the converter circuit is realized by improving the topological structure of the circuit, adding a resonant circuit and combining a switching modulation mode; in order to reduce the output ripple of the converter circuit, the main ideas of researchers are as follows: in the optimization aspects of LC filtering, common mode filtering, coupling inductance technology and closed loop control parameters, the most suitable low ripple technology is selected according to different converter circuits.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, low power density, large output ripple and the like of the traditional Cuk converter, the invention provides a low ripple soft switch Cuk converter circuit and a modulation method. The converter circuit increases the resonance interval through the resonance branch, so that the converter can realize the soft switching function of the main switching device in the working state, and the ripple wave of the output inductor is transferred to the input inductor through the inductive coupling technology, thereby reducing the output ripple wave of the converter circuit.
The technical scheme of the circuit is as follows: a low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit, comprising: input inductance L 1, main switching tube Q 1, resonant inductance L ax, auxiliary resonant switching tube Q ax, resonant branch diode D ax, link energy storage capacitor C 1, resonant capacitor C s, main switching tube Q 2, output inductance L 2, output filter capacitor C o, input inductance L 1 and output inductance L 2 coupling inductance M;
The input end of the input inductor L is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current source, the other end of the input inductor L is connected with the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q and the input end of the resonant inductor L respectively, the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q is connected with the output end of the input inductor L and the input end of the resonant inductor L respectively, the input end of the resonant inductor L is connected with the output end of the input inductor L and the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q respectively, the output end of the resonant inductor L is connected with the cathode of the diode D and the input end of the link energy storage capacitor C respectively, the cathode of the diode D is connected with the output end of the resonant inductor L and the cathode of the diode D respectively, the output end of the link energy storage capacitor C is connected with one end of the resonant capacitor C and one end of the output inductor L respectively, one end of the resonant capacitor C is connected with the output end of the link energy storage capacitor C respectively, the source electrode of the main switch tube Q and the input end of the output inductor L are connected with the output end of the resonant capacitor C and one end of the output capacitor C of the link energy storage capacitor C respectively, the output end of the output inductor L 2 is connected with the output filter capacitor C o and the load end. The source electrode of the main switch tube Q 1, the drain electrode of the auxiliary resonant switch tube Q ax, the other end of the resonant capacitor C s, the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q 2, the output filter capacitor C o and the other end of the load end are all connected with the negative electrode of the direct current source.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the switching tube is a power field effect transistor MOSFET or an insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT.
A modulation method of a low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit, comprising:
Working modality 1[t 0-t1: during this interval, the main switching transistor Q 1 is in the off state, and the input current is considered to be dc during each switching cycle, charging the link storage capacitor C 1. L ax is not active when the input current is in dc mode. Input current I Lin loops through the anti-parallel diode of main switching tube Q 2(DQ2);
Working modality 2[t 1-t2: at time t 1, main switching tube Q 1 is turned on, and link storage capacitor C 1 and resonant inductor L ax start to resonate in series. The current of the resonant inductor I Lax decreases from its initial value I in and becomes negative. At the same time, the current of the anti-parallel diode of Q 2(DQ2) gradually decreases until zero is reached. D Q2 is turned off in ZCS, so the reverse recovery effect of the diode is negligible;
Working modality 3[t 2-t3: at time t 2, D Q2 is turned off, the input current I in forms a loop through the main switching tube Q 1, the resonant circuit is not affected, the resonant capacitor C s and the link energy storage capacitor C 1 are connected in series, resonance occurs between L ax and C s due to the capacitance value of C s being much smaller than that of C 1, and the voltage v Cs across the main switching tube Q 2 gradually increases in this mode due to the almost constant voltage of C 1. Since the resonant switching tube Q ax remains on in this mode, diode D ax remains off when v Cs<vC1;
Working modality 4[t 3-t4: at time t 3, diode D ax is turned on, the mode is a power transmission mode, the energy stored in link storage capacitor C 1 is released to the output load, when the voltage of link storage capacitor C 1 reaches zero or is completely discharged, the mode is terminated, and in order to ensure that zero current switch ZCS of Q 1 is not affected by voltage gain, the mode can be terminated by opening main switching transistor Q 2 before link storage capacitor C 1 is completely discharged;
Working modality 5[t 4-t5: at time t 4, the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on, and since the voltage (v C1) of the link storage capacitor C 1 is almost zero, the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on under ZVS (zero voltage conduction) condition, and the link storage capacitor C 1 and the resonant inductor L ax are in series resonance to make the current of the main switching tube Q 1 negative, so that the anti-parallel diode D Q1 of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned on. In this mode, the current of the main switch Q 1 is still positive;
Working modality 6[t 5-t6: at time t 5, the anti-parallel diode D Q1 of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned on, and during this time interval of ZCS (zero current off), the main switching tube Q 1 can be turned off at any time, so that ZCS of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned off, and since the anti-parallel diode D Q2 of the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on, it can be turned off at any time after t 5 and before the start of the next switching cycle.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: 1) A low ripple soft switch Cuk converter circuit, the link energy storage capacitor of the converter works in the critical operation mode, make the designer use very small film capacitor to replace the electrolytic capacitor heavy and unreliable, thus raise the life-span of the converter effectively; 2) The resonance interval is increased through the resonance branch, so that the soft switching function of the main switching tube can be realized under the working state of the converter, the switching loss of the converter is reduced, and the efficiency is improved; 3) Simultaneously, the input inductor and the output inductor are coupled, the coupling coefficient and the turns ratio are controlled, ripple waves of the output inductor are transferred to the input inductor, and the output ripple waves of the converter are effectively reduced; 4) Compared with other topological structures, the topology has 6 working modes, the driving time sequence of the auxiliary resonant switching tube is opposite to the driving time sequence of one main switch, and the circuit control mode is simple.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit topology of a low ripple soft switching Cuk converter;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the main operating waveforms of a low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit during a switching cycle;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of each switching mode of the low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit in one switching cycle. (a) is a modal 1 equivalent circuit; (b) is a modal 2 equivalent circuit; (c) is a modal 3 equivalent circuit; (d) is a modal 4 equivalent circuit; (e) is a modal 5 equivalent circuit; (f) is a modal 6 equivalent circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the circuit topology schematic diagram of the Cuk converter with low ripple soft switch provided by the present invention includes: the coupling inductor M is formed by coupling an energy storage capacitor C 1, a resonant capacitor C s, an output filter capacitor C o, a resonant branch diode D ax, a main switching tube Q 1、Q2 and an auxiliary resonant switching tube Q ax, an input inductor L 1, an output inductor L 2 and resonant inductors L ax and L 1、L2.
The input end of the input inductor L is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current source, the other end of the input inductor L is connected with the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q and the input end of the resonant inductor L respectively, the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q is connected with the output end of the input inductor L and the input end of the resonant inductor L respectively, the input end of the resonant inductor L is connected with the output end of the input inductor L and the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q respectively, the output end of the resonant inductor L is connected with the cathode of the diode D and the input end of the link energy storage capacitor C respectively, the cathode of the diode D is connected with the output end of the resonant inductor L and the cathode of the diode D respectively, the output end of the link energy storage capacitor C is connected with one end of the resonant capacitor C and one end of the output inductor L respectively, one end of the resonant capacitor C is connected with the output end of the link energy storage capacitor C respectively, the source electrode of the main switch tube Q and the input end of the output inductor L are connected with the output end of the resonant capacitor C and one end of the output capacitor C of the link energy storage capacitor C respectively, the output end of the output inductor L 2 is connected with the output filter capacitor C o and the load end.
The high frequency switching frequency selected for the Cuk converter circuit embodiment of the present invention is 100kHz.
Referring to fig. 3, the equivalent circuit of six working modes of the Cuk converter circuit of the present invention is specifically:
Working modality 1[t 0-t1: as shown in fig. 3 (a), during this interval, the main switching transistor Q 1 is in an off state, and the input current is considered as direct current during each switching cycle, charging the link storage capacitor C 1. L ax is not active when the input current is in dc mode. Input current I Lin loops through the anti-parallel diode of main switching tube Q 2(DQ2);
Working modality 2[t 1-t2: as shown in fig. 3 (b), at time t 1, the main switching transistor Q 1 is turned on, and the link storage capacitor C 1 and the resonant inductor L ax start to resonate in series. The current of the resonant inductor I Lax decreases from its initial value I in and becomes negative. At the same time, the current of the anti-parallel diode of Q 2(DQ2) gradually decreases until zero is reached. D Q2 is turned off in ZCS, so the reverse recovery effect of the diode is negligible;
Working modality 3[t 2-t3: as shown in fig. 3 (C), at time t 2, D Q2 is turned off, the input current I in forms a loop through the main switching tube Q 1, the resonant circuit is not affected, the resonant capacitor C s and the link energy storage capacitor C 1 are connected in series, the capacitance value of C s is far smaller than that of C 1, resonance occurs between L ax and C s, and the voltage v Cs across the main switching tube Q 2 gradually increases in this mode because the voltage of C 1 is almost constant. Since the resonant switching tube Q ax remains on in this mode, diode D ax remains off when v Cs<vC1;
Working modality 4[t 3-t4: as shown in fig. 3 (D), at time t 3, diode D ax is turned on, which is a power transfer mode, the energy stored in link storage capacitor C 1 is released to the output load, and when the voltage of link storage capacitor C 1 reaches zero or is fully discharged, this mode is terminated, and in order to ensure that ZCS of Q 1 is not affected by voltage gain, this mode can be terminated by opening main switching transistor Q 2 before link storage capacitor C 1 is fully discharged;
Working modality 5[t 4-t5: as shown in fig. 3 (e), at time t 4, the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on, and since the voltage (v C1) of the link storage capacitor C 1 is almost zero, the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on under ZVS, and the series resonance of the link storage capacitor C 1 and the resonant inductor L ax makes the current of the main switching tube Q 1 negative, so that the anti-parallel diode D Q1 of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned on. In this mode, the current of the main switch Q 1 is still positive;
Working modality 6[t 5-t6: as shown in fig. 3 (f), at time t 5, the anti-parallel diode D Q1 of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned on, and during this time interval of ZCS, the main switching tube Q 1 may be turned off at any time, so that ZCS of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned off, and since the anti-parallel diode D Q2 of the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on, it may be turned off at any time after t 5 and before the next switching cycle starts.
The link reservoir capacitor C 1 operates in a critical mode of operation and can use very small thin film capacitors instead of cumbersome and unreliable electrolytic capacitors. Diode D ax effectively eliminates voltage ringing across main switching tube Q 2 by preventing the voltage across the switch from exceeding the auxiliary resonant branch voltage, which does not affect the operation of the converter in all other modes, but rather the last resonant mode. The switching timing of the auxiliary resonant switching transistor Q ax is designed to be inverted from the main switching transistor Q 2, thereby reducing the complexity of the control method.
According to the specific embodiment, the Cuk converter circuit topology main output waveform is simulated.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit, comprising: input inductance L 1, main switch tube Q 1, resonant inductance L ax, auxiliary resonant switch tube Q ax, resonant branch diode D ax, link energy storage capacitor C 1, resonant capacitor C s, main switch tube Q 2, output inductance L 2, output filter capacitor C o, input inductance L 1 and output inductance L 2 coupling inductance M, link energy storage capacitor C 1 and resonant inductance L ax forming series resonance, resonant inductance L ax and resonant capacitance C s forming resonance;
The input end of the input inductor L 1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current source, the other end of the input inductor L 1 is connected with the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q 1 and the input end of the resonant inductor L ax respectively, the output end of the resonant inductor L ax is connected with the cathode of the diode D ax and the input end of the link energy storage capacitor C 1 respectively, the source electrode of the auxiliary resonant switch tube Q ax is connected with the anode of the diode D ax, the output end of the link energy storage capacitor C 1 is connected with one end of the resonant capacitor C s, the source electrode of the main switch tube Q 2 and the input end of the output inductor L 2 respectively, the output end of the output inductor L 2 is connected with the output filter capacitor C o and the load end, and the source electrode of the auxiliary switch tube Q 1, the drain electrode of the auxiliary resonant switch tube Q ax, the other end of the resonant capacitor C s, the drain electrode of the main switch tube Q 2, the other end of the output filter capacitor C o and the other end of the load end are all connected with the negative electrode of the direct current source.
2. A low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the main switch tube Q 1, the main switch tube Q 2 and the auxiliary resonance switch tube Q ax are power field effect transistor MOSFET or insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT.
3. A method of modulating a low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit according to claim 1, wherein: the method is divided into the following working modes:
Working modality 1[t 0-t1: during this interval, the main switching tube Q 1、Q2 is in an off state, and the input current is regarded as direct current in each switching period to charge the link energy storage capacitor C 1, and L ax is inactive when the input current is in the direct current mode, and the input current I Lin forms a loop through the main switching tube Q 2 and the anti-parallel diode D Q2 thereof;
Working modality 2[t 1-t2: at time t 1, main switch tube Q 1 is conducted, link energy storage capacitor C 1 and resonance inductor L ax start to resonate in series, and current I Lax of resonance inductor starts to decrease from initial value I in and becomes negative; meanwhile, the current of Q 2 and its anti-parallel diode D Q2 gradually decreases until reaching zero, and D Q2 is turned off in ZCS, thus ignoring the reverse recovery effect of this diode D Q2;
Working modality 3[t 2-t3: at time t 2, D Q2 is turned off, the input current I in forms a loop through the main switching tube Q 1, the resonant circuit is not affected, the resonant capacitor C s and the link energy storage capacitor C 1 are connected in series, resonance occurs between L ax and C s because the capacitance value of C s is far smaller than that of C 1, and the voltage v Cs across the main switching tube Q 2 is gradually increased in this mode because the voltage of C 1 is almost constant, and the auxiliary resonant switching tube Q ax remains in the on state in this mode, and the diode D ax remains in the off state when v Cs<vC1;
working modality 4[t 3-t4: at time t 3, diode D ax is turned on, the mode is a power transfer mode, the energy stored in link storage capacitor C 1 is released to the output load, when the voltage of link storage capacitor C 1 reaches zero or is fully discharged, the mode is terminated, in order to ensure that ZCS of Q 1 is not affected by voltage gain, the mode is terminated by opening main switching transistor Q 2 before link storage capacitor C 1 is fully discharged;
working modality 5[t 4-t5: at time t 4, the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on, and since the voltage (v C1) of the link energy storage capacitor C 1 is almost zero, the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on under ZVS condition, the link energy storage capacitor C 1 and the resonance inductor L ax are in series resonance to make the current of the main switching tube Q 1 be negative, so that the anti-parallel diode D Q1 of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned on, and in this mode, the current of the main switching tube Q 1 is still positive;
Working modality 6[t 5-t6: at time t 5, the anti-parallel diode D Q1 of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned on, and during this time interval of ZCS, the main switching tube Q 1 can be turned off at any time, so that ZCS of the main switching tube Q 1 is turned off, and since the anti-parallel diode D Q2 of the main switching tube Q 2 is turned on, it can be turned off at any time after t 5 and before the start of the next switching cycle.
4. A method of modulating a low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit according to claim 3, wherein: the link reservoir capacitor C 1 operates in a critical mode of operation and can use very small thin film capacitors instead of cumbersome and unreliable electrolytic capacitors.
5. A method of modulating a low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit according to claim 3, wherein: diode D ax effectively eliminates the voltage ringing across main switching tube Q 2 by preventing the voltage across the switch from exceeding the auxiliary resonant branch voltage, which diode D ax does not affect the operation of the converter in all other modes, but rather the last resonant mode.
6. A method of modulating a low ripple soft switching Cuk converter circuit according to claim 3, wherein: the switching timing of the auxiliary resonant switching transistor Q ax is designed to be inverted from the main switching transistor Q 2, thereby reducing the complexity of the control method.
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| CN115603572B (en) * | 2022-12-12 | 2023-04-28 | 广东致能科技有限公司 | Boost converter |
| CN117411307B (en) * | 2023-10-23 | 2024-05-24 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Single-stage bridgeless PFC converter suitable for wide intermediate frequency AC/DC power supply system |
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