CN112953151B - Outer rotor motor of polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure - Google Patents
Outer rotor motor of polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN112953151B CN112953151B CN202110253188.0A CN202110253188A CN112953151B CN 112953151 B CN112953151 B CN 112953151B CN 202110253188 A CN202110253188 A CN 202110253188A CN 112953151 B CN112953151 B CN 112953151B
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- permanent magnet
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/22—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating around the armatures, e.g. flywheel magnetos
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
- H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
- H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, and discloses an outer rotor motor with a polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure, which comprises a stator core, stator coils, rotor magnetic steel and a rotor back iron, wherein the rotor magnetic steel is formed by splicing a plurality of permanent magnets with isosceles triangle or quadrilateral cross sections into a circle through the design of a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a third permanent magnet to form closed-loop rotor magnetic steel, and a Halbach magnetizing mode is adopted, so that electromagnetic force applied to the stator coils in each stator tooth slot forms a closed loop along the circumferential tangential direction, and the outer rotor is applied with stable torque to realize stable rotation. Meanwhile, a self-shielding mode can be formed by utilizing a Halbach magnetizing mode, the output torque is increased, the torque pulsation is reduced, the power density is improved while the air gap magnetic flux density in the motor is ensured to be large enough, and the vibration amplitude is obviously reduced under the condition of a low order number through the analysis of the radial force wave two-dimensional Fourier FFT2, so that the dynamic performance of the motor is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to an outer rotor motor with a polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure.
Background
The permanent magnet synchronous motor is a driver with wide application, and because the high-performance permanent magnet material is used as a rotor magnetic pole, the motor has small volume, light weight and high efficiency, has the same torque characteristic as a BLDC permanent magnet brushless motor, and has the characteristics of convenient adjustment and control, wide speed regulation range, dynamic response and the like. Therefore, the ac servo motor is increasingly gaining attention, and can be widely used in many applications such as replacing general permanent magnet brush dc motors, and in applications requiring high precision such as servo systems, numerical control machining, machine tools, medical treatment, biochemistry, and intelligent robots.
With the development of the household appliance industry, the permanent magnet brushless motor can obtain higher efficiency in a larger rotating speed range, and is more suitable for the frequency conversion requirement of household appliances. In products such as air conditioners, refrigerators, washing machines and the like, the permanent magnet variable frequency speed regulation system gradually replaces the traditional single-phase asynchronous motor driving and series motor transmission systems and develops towards permanent magnet variable frequency speed regulation. In recent years, motors applied to robots, industrial drives, computer peripherals, hub drives and the like require high torque density, so that the magnetic poles with multiple poles are usually adopted in design to reduce magnetic flux per pole, and the size of corresponding stator yoke parts can be reduced, so that the motor with the same power can be reduced in size, and the torque density of the motor can be improved.
In a conventional permanent magnet synchronous motor, for example, in a surface-mounted structure, an air gap magnetic field generally takes about 1.0T, and if the volume and the inverter capacity are not changed, if a torque is to be increased, the torque can only be increased by increasing the number of pole pairs of the motor, but after the number of pole pairs of the motor is increased, the iron loss of the motor is increased, and if the air gap magnetic field is increased, the vibration amplitude of each order is also obviously increased, which brings about a problem of vibration noise. At the same rotation speed, the frequency is increased due to the increase of the number of poles, and the core loss per unit volume (which is proportional to the power of 1.3 of the power supply frequency) is increased. If the same material and magnetic flux density are adopted, the loss of the unit volume of the stator core of the motor is higher than that of a common industrial frequency motor, and if the core loss is not reduced or cooling measures are not taken, the motor cannot be used. In addition, since high magnetic flux means high magnetic density, low order vibration is extremely likely to occur during operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an outer rotor motor with a polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure, which can ensure that the air gap flux density in the motor is large enough, simultaneously increase the output torque, reduce the torque pulsation, improve the power density, and has the advantages of small vibration amplitude, low noise and good dynamic performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an outer rotor motor with a polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure, which comprises a motor shell, a stator core, a stator coil, a plurality of rotor magnetic steels and a plurality of rotor back irons, wherein the stator core, the stator coil, the rotor magnetic steels and the rotor back irons are arranged in the motor shell and coaxially sleeved from inside to outside in sequence; the rotor magnetic steel comprises a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a third permanent magnet, the cross section of the first permanent magnet is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the first permanent magnet deviates from the rotation axis, the cross section of the second permanent magnet is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the second permanent magnet points to the rotation axis, the cross section of the third permanent magnet is a quadrangle, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor back iron, and two opposite side edges of the third permanent magnet are respectively leaned against the waist edge of the first permanent magnet and the waist edge of the second permanent magnet; the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnets point to the axis or are opposite to the axis, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent first permanent magnets are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet is parallel to the bottom edge of the second permanent magnet, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent second permanent magnets are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the third permanent magnet is perpendicular to the side edge of the third permanent magnet, which is close to the first permanent magnet or the second permanent magnet, and in two adjacent third permanent magnets on the same closed magnetic circuit, the magnetizing direction of one third permanent magnet is directed to the second permanent magnet from the first permanent magnet with the magnetizing direction being opposite to the axis, and the magnetizing direction of the other third permanent magnet is directed to the first permanent magnet with the magnetizing direction being directed to the axis from the second permanent magnet; the energizing directions of the stator coils in the two adjacent stator tooth grooves are opposite.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two sets of stator coils are provided in each of the stator slots, and the energization directions of the stator coils in the same stator slot are the same.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, a waist length of the first permanent magnet is the same as a side length of one side of the third permanent magnet, and a waist length of the second permanent magnet is the same as a side length of the other side of the third permanent magnet.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the rotor back iron is fixedly connected with the motor shell, the front end and the rear end of the motor shell are provided with openings, the opening at the front end of the motor shell is provided with reinforcing ribs, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi'.
Compared with the prior art, the outer rotor motor with the polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through the shape design of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet and the third permanent magnet, a plurality of permanent magnets with isosceles triangle or quadrilateral cross sections are spliced for a circle to form the closed-loop rotor magnetic steel, and a Halbach magnetizing mode is adopted, so that the electromagnetic force applied to the stator coil in each stator tooth slot forms a closed loop along the circumferential tangential direction, and the outer rotor is applied with stable torque to realize stable rotation. Meanwhile, a self-shielding mode can be formed by utilizing a Halbach magnetizing mode, the output torque is increased, the torque pulsation is reduced, the power density is improved while the air gap magnetic flux density in the motor is ensured to be large enough, and the vibration amplitude is obviously reduced under the condition of a low order number through the analysis of the radial force wave two-dimensional Fourier FFT2, so that the dynamic performance of the motor is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a first front view of an outer rotor motor with a polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a second front view of the outer rotor motor with a polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure provided by the invention, wherein a reinforcing rib at the front end of a motor shell is shown;
fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a line back electromotive force of the outer rotor motor of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a line back emf waveform diagram for a conventional SPM motor;
fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of peak torque of the outer rotor motor of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a peak torque waveform of a conventional SPM motor;
FIG. 7 is a histogram comparing the rated torque, peak torque and ripple amplitude of the external rotor motor of the present invention with the conventional SPM motor;
fig. 8 is a histogram comparing back electromotive force FFT fundamental and harmonic of the external rotor motor of the present invention with the conventional SPM motor.
Fig. 9 is a histogram comparing the amplitude of the no-load radial force wave of the external rotor motor of the present invention with that of the conventional SPM motor at a low order number.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an outer rotor motor of a polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a motor housing, and a stator core 1, a stator coil 2, a rotor magnetic steel 3, and a rotor back iron 4, which are disposed in the motor housing and coaxially sleeved in sequence from inside to outside, wherein the rotor back iron 4 rotates relative to the stator core 1, the plurality of rotor magnetic steels 3 are disposed, the plurality of rotor magnetic steels 3 are arranged along a circumferential direction of the rotor back iron 4, a plurality of stator slots 11 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the stator core 1, and the stator coil 2 is wound in the stator slots 11; the rotor magnetic steel 3 comprises a first permanent magnet 31, a second permanent magnet 32 and a third permanent magnet 33, the cross section of the first permanent magnet 31 is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the first permanent magnet deviates from the rotation axis, the cross section of the second permanent magnet 32 is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the second permanent magnet points to the rotation axis, the cross section of the third permanent magnet 33 is a quadrangle, the first permanent magnet 31 and the second permanent magnet 32 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor back iron 4, and two opposite side edges of the third permanent magnet 33 are respectively abutted to the waist edge of the first permanent magnet 31 and the waist edge of the second permanent magnet 32; the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnets 31 point to the axis or back to the axis, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent first permanent magnets 31 are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet 32 is parallel to the bottom edge of the second permanent magnet 32, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent second permanent magnets 32 are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the third permanent magnet 33 is perpendicular to the side of the third permanent magnet 33 against the first permanent magnet 31 or the second permanent magnet 32, and in two adjacent third permanent magnets 33 on the same closed magnetic circuit, the magnetizing direction of one third permanent magnet 33 is directed to the second permanent magnet 32 from the first permanent magnet 31 whose magnetizing direction is a back axis, and the magnetizing direction of the other third permanent magnet 33 is directed to the first permanent magnet 31 whose magnetizing direction is a direction axis from the second permanent magnet 32; the energization directions of the stator coils 2 in two adjacent stator slots 11 are opposite.
Therefore, according to the embodiment of the invention, through the shape design of the first permanent magnet 31, the second permanent magnet 32 and the third permanent magnet 33, a plurality of permanent magnets with isosceles triangle or quadrilateral cross sections are spliced into a circle to form the annular rotor magnetic steel 3, and a Halbach magnetizing mode is adopted, so that the electromagnetic force applied to the stator coil 2 in each stator tooth slot 11 forms a closed loop along the circumferential tangential direction, and the outer rotor is applied with stable torque to realize stable rotation. Meanwhile, a self-shielding mode can be formed by utilizing a Halbach magnetizing mode, so that the output torque is increased, the torque pulsation is reduced, and the power density is improved while the air gap magnetic flux density in the motor is ensured to be large enough.
In order to further verify the beneficial effects brought by the embodiment of the invention, through simulation experiments, different performance waveforms are analyzed for the outer rotor motor with the polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure provided by the embodiment of the invention, and different characteristics, particularly on torque characteristic parameters, of the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (namely, the SPM motor) under the same parameters are compared, as shown in fig. 3 to fig. 9; wherein, fig. 3 shows a line back electromotive force waveform of the outer rotor motor of the present invention; fig. 4 illustrates a line back electromotive force waveform of a conventional SPM motor; fig. 5 shows a peak torque waveform of the outer rotor motor of the present invention; fig. 6 illustrates a peak torque waveform of a conventional SPM motor; fig. 7 shows comparative data of rated torque, peak torque and fluctuation amplitude thereof of the outer rotor motor of the present invention and the conventional SPM motor; FIG. 8 shows the comparative data of back electromotive force FFT fundamental wave and harmonic wave of the external rotor motor of the present invention and the conventional SPM motor; fig. 9 shows comparison data of the amplitude of the no-load radial force wave of the external rotor motor of the invention and the conventional SPM motor at a low order number. Thus, as can be seen from fig. 3 to 9, the external rotor motor of the present invention is greater than the conventional SPM motor in both the rated torque and the peak torque, and is smaller than the conventional SPM motor in both the rated torque fluctuation amplitude and the peak torque fluctuation amplitude; after the back electromotive force of the outer rotor motor and the traditional SPM motor is subjected to FFT conversion, the outer rotor motor has the characteristics of large fundamental wave amplitude, small harmonic amplitude and the like, and further can reduce vibration and noise to a certain extent; in addition, through two-dimensional Fourier FFT analysis of radial force waves, the vibration amplitude of the no-load radial force of the outer rotor motor is obviously reduced under the condition of a low order (as shown in figure 9), and the dynamic performance of the motor is improved.
For example, to further increase the torque of the outer rotor, at least two sets of stator coils 2 are disposed in each stator slot 11, and the energizing directions of the sets of stator coils 2 in the same stator slot 11 are the same.
Illustratively, in order to facilitate splicing among the permanent magnets, the length of the waist of the first permanent magnet 31 is the same as the length of one side of the third permanent magnet 33, and the length of the waist of the second permanent magnet 32 is the same as the length of the other side of the third permanent magnet 33.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 2, the rotor back iron 4 is fixedly connected to the motor housing, the front end and the rear end of the motor housing are open, the opening at the front end of the motor housing is provided with a reinforcing rib 5, and the reinforcing rib 5 is arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi'. When the outer rotor motor works, the rotor back iron 4 drives the motor shell to rotate, so that the reinforcing ribs 5 arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi' are similar to fan blades to do rotary motion, a fan effect is generated, and an auxiliary heat dissipation effect is achieved.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides an outer rotor electric machine of polygon dovetail concatenation magnet steel structure, includes motor housing and locates in the motor housing and from interior and outer stator core, stator coil, rotor magnet steel and the rotor back iron of coaxial suit in proper order, the rotor back iron is relative the stator core is rotatory, the rotor magnet steel is equipped with a plurality ofly, and a plurality ofly the rotor magnet steel is followed the circumferencial direction of rotor back iron arranges, the equipartition has a plurality of stator tooth's socket on the circumferencial direction of stator core, the stator coil is around establishing in the stator tooth's socket, its characterized in that:
the rotor magnetic steel comprises a first permanent magnet, a second permanent magnet and a third permanent magnet, the cross section of the first permanent magnet is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the first permanent magnet deviates from the rotation axis, the cross section of the second permanent magnet is an isosceles triangle, the vertex angle of the second permanent magnet points to the rotation axis, the cross section of the third permanent magnet is a quadrangle, the first permanent magnet and the second permanent magnet are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the rotor back iron, and two opposite side edges of the third permanent magnet are respectively leaned against the waist edge of the first permanent magnet and the waist edge of the second permanent magnet;
the magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnets point to the axis or are opposite to the axis, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent first permanent magnets are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the second permanent magnet is parallel to the bottom edge of the second permanent magnet, and the magnetizing directions of two adjacent second permanent magnets are opposite; the magnetizing direction of the third permanent magnet is perpendicular to the side edge of the third permanent magnet, which is close to the first permanent magnet or the second permanent magnet, and in two adjacent third permanent magnets on the same closed magnetic circuit, the magnetizing direction of one third permanent magnet points to the second permanent magnet from the first permanent magnet with the magnetizing direction being opposite to the axis, and the magnetizing direction of the other third permanent magnet points to the first permanent magnet with the magnetizing direction being opposite to the axis from the second permanent magnet;
the energizing directions of the stator coils in the two adjacent stator tooth grooves are opposite.
2. The outer rotor motor of polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least two groups of stator coils are arranged in each stator tooth slot, and the energizing directions of the stator coils in the same stator tooth slot are the same.
3. The outer rotor motor of polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the waist length of the first permanent magnet is the same as the side length of one side of the third permanent magnet, and the waist length of the second permanent magnet is the same as the side length of the other side of the third permanent magnet.
4. The external rotor electric machine of polygonal dovetail-type splicing magnetic steel structure of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the rotor back iron is fixedly connected with the motor shell, the front end and the rear end of the motor shell are open, reinforcing ribs are arranged at the opening of the front end of the motor shell, and the reinforcing ribs are arranged in a shape like a Chinese character 'mi'.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110253188.0A CN112953151B (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Outer rotor motor of polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110253188.0A CN112953151B (en) | 2021-03-04 | 2021-03-04 | Outer rotor motor of polygonal dovetail type spliced magnetic steel structure |
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| CN112953151A CN112953151A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
| CN112953151B true CN112953151B (en) | 2022-05-03 |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113612365A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Halbach-like magnetic pole array structure body for linear motor |
| CN113612328A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Halbach-like magnetic pole array structure body for rotating motor |
| CN115242008B (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2024-07-05 | 北京航空航天大学 | Drive and electric propulsion device based on polygonal closely-laid Halbach outer rotor magnetic pole configuration |
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| CN111799054A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-20 | 苏州英磁新能源科技有限公司 | Permanent magnet array |
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| JP2010110128A (en) * | 2008-10-30 | 2010-05-13 | Toshiba Corp | Permanent magnet rotating electrical machine |
| CN102315707A (en) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-01-11 | 李贵祥 | Mixed-excitation high-efficiency motor based on Halbach array |
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