CN112952144A - Novel solid oxide fuel cell stack hot area, hot area system and cell stack system - Google Patents
Novel solid oxide fuel cell stack hot area, hot area system and cell stack system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112952144A CN112952144A CN202110138469.1A CN202110138469A CN112952144A CN 112952144 A CN112952144 A CN 112952144A CN 202110138469 A CN202110138469 A CN 202110138469A CN 112952144 A CN112952144 A CN 112952144A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 10
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
- H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
- H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
- H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/247—Arrangements for tightening a stack, for accommodation of a stack in a tank or for assembling different tanks
- H01M8/2475—Enclosures, casings or containers of fuel cell stacks
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack hot area, which comprises a tail gas heat exchange mechanism and a reforming hydrogen production mechanism; the tail gas heat exchange mechanism comprises a first shell, and a waste gas combustion cavity and an air preheating cavity which are adjacent are separated from the cavity of the first shell; the reforming hydrogen production mechanism comprises a second shell, wherein a vaporization pre-reforming cavity, a combustion heating cavity and a reforming hydrogen production cavity are separated from the cavity of the second shell, the combustion heating cavity is positioned between the vaporization pre-reforming cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity, the vaporization pre-reforming cavity is communicated with the reforming hydrogen production cavity, heat generated by combustion of the combustion heating cavity is transferred to the vaporization pre-reforming cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity, and a hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production cavity is connected with an anode hydrogen inlet of a battery stack.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a novel solid oxide fuel battery stack hot area, a hot area system and a battery stack system.
Background
SOFC can be divided into two categories of flat plate type and tubular type batteries according to the structure, flat plate type battery can be divided into two categories of thin plate type battery and flat tubular type battery again, current SOFC battery pile generally buys alone, need design hot area devices such as tail gas heat exchanger, reformation hydrogen manufacturing after the purchase, this department finds that tail gas heat transfer device, reformation hydrogen manufacturing installation that exist on the market after surveying on the spot are complicated in structure, with high costs and do not well match with battery pile and other structures, be difficult to during the application with tail gas combustor, reformation hydrogen manufacturing, combustion heating, functions such as water heater integrate, inconvenient application popularization of miniature SOFC power generation system, need improve.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve at least one technical defect, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a novel solid oxide fuel cell stack hot zone, which includes a tail gas heat exchange mechanism and a reforming hydrogen production mechanism;
the tail gas heat exchange mechanism comprises a first shell, a waste gas combustion cavity and an air preheating cavity are separated from the inner cavity of the first shell and are adjacent, the waste gas combustion cavity is connected with a cathode and an anode waste gas outlet of the cell stack through a pipeline, a combustion starting fuel inlet is arranged on the pipeline, fuel and waste gas are mixed and enter the waste gas combustion cavity to be combusted, heat is transferred to cold air in the air preheating cavity, and a hot air outlet of the air preheating cavity is connected with a cathode hot air inlet of the cell stack;
the reforming hydrogen production mechanism comprises a second shell, wherein a vaporization pre-reforming cavity, a combustion heating cavity and a reforming hydrogen production cavity are separated from the cavity of the second shell, the combustion heating cavity is positioned between the vaporization pre-reforming cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity and is provided with a combustion fuel inlet and a combustion air inlet, the vaporization pre-reforming cavity is communicated with the reforming hydrogen production cavity, heat generated by combustion of the combustion heating cavity is transferred to the vaporization pre-reforming cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity, and a hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production cavity is connected with an anode hydrogen inlet of the cell stack.
The invention redesigns the tail gas heat exchange and reforming hydrogen production mechanism, simplifies the structure, facilitates the integration of heat exchange and hydrogen production functions in the same hot zone structure, has universality, is convenient to butt joint with a plurality of cell stack modules, and is convenient to use.
Furthermore, a porous plate is arranged at the inlet end or the outlet end of at least one chamber in the first shell and the second shell, preferably, porous plates are arranged at the inlet end of the evaporation pre-reforming cavity, the inlet end of the combustion heating cavity and the outlet end of the reforming hydrogen production cavity in the second shell, the materials required in the combustion heating cavity and the evaporation pre-reforming cavity enter the cavities through the porous plates, and the hydrogen in the reforming hydrogen production cavity leaves through the porous plates to catalyze, filter or shunt gas through the porous plates.
Furthermore, a catalyst is arranged in the reforming hydrogen production cavity, and a catalyst replacing port is arranged on the cavity wall, for example, natural gas and cold water are used as raw materials, the catalyst catalyzes the hydrogen production reaction, and the replacing port is convenient for replacing the catalyst.
Preferably set up ignition mechanism, preferred ignition plug in burning heating chamber, waste gas burning intracavity, the convenient easy installation of ignition plug, other ignition device of also can installing according to the demand of course.
Furthermore, the waste gas combustion device also comprises a hot water pipeline, the hot water pipeline extends in the waste gas combustion cavity, and a cold water inlet pipe and a hot water outlet pipe are arranged on the cavity wall and are respectively connected with two ports of the hot water pipeline, so that the water heating function is integrated, and the energy utilization rate is improved.
Furthermore, the first shell and the second shell are rectangular bodies, and are convenient to match with the cell stack.
A second aspect of the present document provides an integrated solid oxide fuel cell stack hot zone system, comprising the above hot zone, characterized in that: the reforming hydrogen production device is characterized by further comprising a cell stack support, the reforming hydrogen production mechanism and the tail gas heat exchange mechanism are located below the cell stack and are located on the side face of the cell stack respectively, a pipeline at the waste gas inlet of the waste gas combustion cavity extends to the cathode and the anode waste gas outlet of the cell stack from the support or the peripheral gap to be connected, and the hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production cavity extends to the anode hydrogen inlet of the cell stack along the support or the peripheral gap by the pipeline to be connected.
This system increases the support in order to support the battery pile, and the space of propping up makes things convenient for the arrangement of reforming hydrogen manufacturing, tail gas heat transfer mechanism middle pipeline and carries out the butt joint installation with the battery pile, still can use the support to be integrated as an organic whole with reforming hydrogen manufacturing, tail gas heat transfer simultaneously, and convenient transport improves the convenience of using.
Further, the support includes roof, pillar, roof four corners fixed support to roof butt battery pile bottom surface, simple structure is practical, and the installation of the convenient pipe arrangement of between the pillar and week side.
Furthermore, the support also comprises a chassis, a support is fixed on the chassis, a pipeline at a hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production cavity is preferably selected, a pipeline at a waste gas inlet of the waste gas combustion cavity extends from the top surface of the chassis, pipelines in the reforming hydrogen production and tail gas heat exchange mechanism are fixed on the chassis to form an independent transportable hot area system, wiring is only needed when the system is in butt joint with a cell stack, a peripheral control system is installed to operate, time is greatly saved, and the system is suitable for popularization and application.
The third aspect of this document provides integrated battery pile system, including foretell hot area system and battery pile, the battery pile includes that the cell constitutes with the runner plate the galvanic pile main part, the hydrogen gas distribution chamber subassembly that the main part side set up, the air gas distribution chamber subassembly and the pressurization sealing mechanism, and pressurization sealing mechanism includes pressure plate, screw fixation subassembly and leads electrical pillar, its characterized in that: the pressurizing sealing mechanism further comprises an air sealing plate, an insulating plate and a conducting plate, the insulating plate and the air sealing plate are sequentially arranged between the pressurizing plate and the top surface or the bottom surface of the galvanic pile main body, the conducting plate is contacted with the top surface or the bottom surface of the galvanic pile main body, the insulating plate is arranged between the air sealing plate and the conducting plate, the insulating plate, the air sealing plate and the pressurizing plate are provided with holes for conducting the electrical pile to be inserted into the conductive plate to be abutted against the conducting plate, and the insulating plate is preferably arranged between the.
The integrated battery stack and the hot area system of the battery stack system are integrated, secondary design is not needed, the battery stack system can be used after being purchased, the voltage-resistant strength of the insulating assembly of the existing battery stack is low, and the defect of easiness in loosening is overcome, the insulating function is carried out by combining the gas sealing plate with the insulating plate and the conducting plate, the conventional screw fixing assembly can only carry out fastening action, if all the components are metal assemblies, the voltage-resistant strength of the pressurizing sealing mechanism is high, and the performance of the battery stack is greatly improved.
Furthermore, the fastening piece is arranged on the periphery of the current-conducting plate, the fastening groove is formed in the corresponding hydrogen gas distribution cavity and the corresponding air gas distribution cavity assembly and is used for the fastening piece to pass through, the hydrogen gas distribution cavity and the air gas distribution cavity assembly are fixed to the pile main body into a whole in cooperation with the screw cap, and the current-conducting plate is combined with the fastening piece and is conveniently fixed to the hydrogen gas distribution cavity and the air gas distribution cavity assembly into a whole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the solid oxide fuel cell stack hot area with the heat exchange and hydrogen production mechanism provided by the invention has the advantages of simplified structure, universality and convenience in integration.
2. The invention provides an integrated solid oxide fuel cell stack hot zone system, which integrates hydrogen production by reforming and heat exchange of tail gas into a whole by taking a bracket as a carrier, is convenient to carry and improves the use convenience.
3. The invention provides a cell stack system, which integrates a cell stack and a hot area system into a whole, is not required to be secondarily designed, can be purchased and used, improves an electric stack insulation structure and greatly improves the performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1: a structural diagram a of a solid oxide fuel cell stack hot zone with a heat exchange and hydrogen production mechanism;
FIG. 2: b, a structural diagram of a solid oxide fuel cell stack hot zone with a heat exchange and hydrogen production mechanism;
FIG. 3: a structural diagram a of a reforming hydrogen production mechanism;
FIG. 4: b, a structural diagram of a reforming hydrogen production mechanism;
FIG. 5: a longitudinal section structure diagram of the reforming hydrogen production mechanism;
FIG. 6: a transverse section structure diagram of the reforming hydrogen production mechanism;
FIG. 7: a structure diagram a of a tail gas heat exchange mechanism;
FIG. 8: a tail gas heat exchange mechanism structure chart b;
FIG. 9: a longitudinal section structure diagram of the tail gas heat exchange mechanism;
FIG. 10: a transverse section structure diagram of the tail gas heat exchange mechanism;
FIG. 11: a structure diagram of a hot zone system of an integrated solid oxide fuel cell stack;
FIG. 12: b, integrating a hot zone system structure chart of the solid oxide fuel cell stack;
FIG. 13: the heat area system decomposition structure diagram of the integrated solid oxide fuel cell stack is a;
FIG. 14: the heat area system decomposition structure chart b of the integrated solid oxide fuel cell stack;
FIG. 15: the overall structure of the cell stack;
FIG. 16: a cell stack cross-sectional structure diagram;
FIG. 17: a battery stack decomposition structure diagram;
FIG. 18: the structure diagram of the hydrogen distribution cavity assembly;
FIG. 19: the structure diagram of the air distribution cavity assembly;
in the figure: A. a cell stack; B. a tail gas heat exchange mechanism; C. a reforming hydrogen production mechanism; D. a stack support; E. a chassis.
1. A pressurizing plate; 2. an insulating plate; 3. on the conductive pole; 4. a gas seal plate; 5. a conductive plate; 6. a single cell; 7. a runner plate; 8. under the conductive column; 9. a hydrogen gas distribution cover plate; 10. an air distribution cover plate; 11. an air cap insulating plate; 12. a hydrogen cover insulating plate; 13. an outlet flange; 14. reforming and plugging the opening; 15. a hydrogen outlet; 16. a catalyst changing port; 17. a combustion tail gas outlet; 18. a reformed fuel inlet; 19. a reformed water inlet; 20. a combustion fuel inlet; 21. a combustion air inlet; 22. a reactor zone tail gas outlet; 23. a cathode hot air outlet; 24. an anode tail gas inlet; 25. a cathode tail gas inlet; 26. a cathode cold air inlet; 27. a cold water inlet pipe; 28. starting a combustion fuel inlet; 29. a hot water outlet pipe; 30. an air preheating chamber; 31. a waste gas combustion chamber; 32. cooling the air; 33. hot air; 34. combusting the exhaust gas; 35. a perforated plate; 36. cathode, anode exhaust gas; 37. a vaporization pre-reforming cavity; 38. a combustion heating chamber; 39. a reforming hydrogen production cavity; 40. natural gas; 41. cold water; 42. fuel gas and air; 43. hydrogen and water vapor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
1) As shown in fig. 1, the solid oxide fuel cell stack hot zone with the heat exchange and hydrogen production mechanism comprises a tail gas heat exchange mechanism B and a reforming hydrogen production mechanism C, wherein the tail gas heat exchange mechanism and the reforming hydrogen production mechanism are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of a cell stack a in fig. 1, can be arranged on two adjacent sides, and can be freely selected according to application environments and requirements.
As shown in fig. 7-10, the tail gas heat exchanging mechanism includes a first housing, and a waste gas combustion chamber 31 and an air preheating chamber 30 are partitioned into adjacent first housing.
In one embodiment, the first housing is rectangular, and the partition is vertically fixed to divide the chamber into two chambers, or one large chamber and one small chamber, wherein the waste gas combustion chamber is connected to the cathode and anode waste gas outlets of the stack via the bottom-mounted pipes, and the movable combustion fuel inlet 28 is opened on the pipes, and the fixed pipes are connected to each other conveniently.
As shown in fig. 7, the duct at the bottom of the waste gas combustion chamber is L-shaped, so as to extend to the waste gas outlet at the bottom end of the anode and cathode sides at the adjacent side and opposite side and connect, and the duct is installed at the bottom end of the air preheating chamber and extends to connect with the hot air inlet at the bottom end of the cathode of the adjacent cell stack, when in use, fuel and waste gas are mixed from the duct and enter the waste gas combustion chamber, the ignition mechanism is installed in the chamber, such as the ignition plug installed at the inlet, or the ignition plug installed on the inner chamber wall, which is a common structure, therefore, the ignition plug is not shown in the figure, so as to ignite the waste gas and burn the mixture of the waste gas and the fuel, and transfer heat to the cold air entering in the air preheating chamber, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9, the preheating zone tail gas outlet 22 is formed at the top opening of the waste gas combustion chamber, the outlet flange 13 is installed to facilitate the butt-connection of the duct, the hot air outlet of the air preheating cavity is connected with the cathode hot air inlet of the cell stack, combustible gas in tail gas is fully utilized through combustion, and meanwhile, the generated heat is used for heating the cell stack, so that the energy utilization rate is improved, and the temperature rise time is shortened.
Furthermore, the inlet or outlet end of at least one of the chambers of the first housing is provided with a perforated plate 35, e.g. a ceramic perforated plate, at the inlet of the air preheating chamber, the flue gas combustion chamber, see fig. 10.
In order to improve the heat utilization efficiency, a hot water function can be integrated, such as adding a hot water pipeline (not shown), extending in the waste gas combustion chamber, such as spiral, direct extension, etc., and opening and fixing a cold water inlet pipe 27 and a hot water outlet pipe 29 on the chamber wall to connect with two ports of the hot water pipeline respectively.
The reforming hydrogen production mechanism comprises a second shell, wherein a vaporization pre-reforming cavity, a combustion heating cavity and a reforming hydrogen production cavity are separated from the cavity of the second shell, and a combustion heating cavity 38 is positioned between the vaporization pre-reforming cavity 37 and the reforming hydrogen production cavity 39, for example, in one embodiment, the second shell is a rectangular body, three cavities are formed in the cavities through partition plates fixed at intervals so as to respectively form the vaporization pre-reforming cavity, the combustion heating cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity, the vaporization pre-reforming cavity is communicated with the reforming hydrogen production cavity, for example, the vaporization pre-reforming cavity is communicated with the reforming hydrogen production cavity through a pipeline, for example, as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, wherein a catalyst is installed in the reforming hydrogen production cavity, for example, a catalyst is installed on the wall of a conventional cavity, for example, an aluminum thin film is used as a carrier to carry the catalyst, and for facilitating the replacement of the catalyst, for example, a catalyst replacement port, if the plate body is fixed by screws and bolts or is fixed by buckles, the sealing is carried out under the working state.
The bottom end of the reforming hydrogen production cavity is provided with an opening which is a hydrogen outlet 15 and is provided with a pipeline, and the pipeline extends to an anode hydrogen inlet at the bottom side of the tightly attached cell stack and is connected with the anode hydrogen inlet.
A perforated plate 35 is disposed at the inlet or outlet end of at least one of the chambers in the second housing, preferably fixed to the inlet ends of the vaporization pre-reforming chamber, the combustion heating chamber, and the reforming hydrogen production chamber in the second housing, such as a ceramic perforated plate, as shown in fig. 6.
Furthermore, the opening at the top end of the combustion heating cavity forms a combustion tail gas outlet 17, and a pipeline is arranged to be in butt joint with an external processing device.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, in an embodiment, a reformed fuel inlet 18 and a reformed water inlet 19 are formed at the bottom of the vaporization pre-reforming chamber, a combustion fuel inlet 20 and a combustion air inlet 21 are formed at the bottom of the combustion heating chamber, and pipelines are installed at the inlets to be in butt joint with an external conveying pipeline and the like, a combustion tail gas outlet is formed at the top end of the combustion heating chamber, a catalyst replacing port is formed at the top opening of the reforming hydrogen production chamber to facilitate catalyst replacement, so that heat generated by combustion of the combustion heating chamber is transferred to the vaporization pre-reforming chamber and the reforming hydrogen production chamber, and a hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production chamber is connected with an anode hydrogen inlet of the cell stack.
2) For easy to assemble, transport etc, at the above-mentioned solid oxide fuel cell of taking the heat transfer, hydrogen manufacturing mechanism's solid oxide fuel cell piles hot area structure increases cell stack support D, form and integrate hot area system, the support is located the below of cell stack in order to support the cell stack, reformation hydrogen manufacturing mechanism, tail gas heat transfer mechanism is located the side of cell stack, and the pipeline of waste gas burning chamber waste gas import department extends to the negative pole of cell stack from support or peripheral clearance, positive pole waste gas exit is connected, the hydrogen export department in reformation hydrogen manufacturing chamber is connected with the positive pole hydrogen import department that the pipeline extends to the cell stack along support or peripheral clearance, increase the support, integrate the device, and make things convenient for arranging and butt joint installation of pipeline.
For example, in an embodiment, a support is used as a carrier to integrate hydrogen production by reforming and heat exchange of the tail gas, and referring to fig. 11-14, the support includes a top plate and a pillar, the pillar is fixed at four corners of the top plate, the top plate abuts against the bottom surface of the cell stack, for example, a pipeline in the tail gas heat exchange mechanism is fixed with the pillar, or a first shell is fixed with the pillar; or the second shell in the reforming hydrogen production mechanism is fixed with the support, or the pipeline of the reforming hydrogen production mechanism is fixed with the support, so that the reforming hydrogen production mechanism is integrated and fixed into a whole and is convenient to carry.
Or in an embodiment, a pillar is fixed on the chassis E, a pipeline at the hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production cavity, a pipeline at the waste gas inlet of the waste gas combustion cavity extends on the top surface of the chassis, and a pipeline in the reforming hydrogen production and tail gas heat exchange mechanism is fixed on the chassis to form an independent transportable hot zone system, and when the thermal zone system is in butt joint with the cell stack, only wiring is needed, and a peripheral control system is installed to operate, referring to fig. 11-14.
3) For convenient application, still provide the system of integrating the battery and pile, install the battery pile additional on foretell heat district system, buy promptly and use, and improve the defect of battery pile insulating assemblies, the battery pile includes the galvanic pile main part that monocell 6 and runner plate 7 constitute, the hydrogen gas distribution chamber subassembly that the main part side set up, air gas distribution chamber subassembly and pressurized sealing mechanism, pressurized sealing mechanism includes the increased pressure board, screw fixed subassembly and lead electrical pillar, the galvanic pile main part, hydrogen gas distribution chamber subassembly, air gas distribution chamber subassembly and the screw fixed subassembly of connecting two increased pressure boards are prior art, like the screw fixed subassembly, including the double-screw bolt, the nut, connect two increased pressure board four corners with four double-screw bolts, the nut fastens to the required pressure of battery pile.
The main improvement point lies in the pressurization sealing mechanism, increases the gas seal board, insulation board and current conducting plate, and current conducting plate 5, insulation board 2, gas seal board 4 are stacked gradually between pressure plate 1 and the pile main part top surface or bottom surface to the current conducting plate contacts with pile main part top surface or bottom surface, adds the insulation board between gas seal board and the current conducting plate, and insulation board, gas seal board, the middle trompil of pressure plate supply to lead the electrical pillar and insert and the current conducting plate butt, preferably separates with the insulation board equally between gas seal board and pressure plate.
The insulating of SOFC battery pile gas distribution apron and battery reactor core main part among the prior art, have two parts to constitute, firstly, the apron insulating pad is kept apart apron and reactor core, secondly there is ceramic insulating gasket in the screw fixation subassembly to keep apart screw and metal gas distribution board, because ceramic insulating gasket's compressive strength is lower, when the assembly pressurizes, and often crush ceramic gasket and lead to local pine to take off in the use, and then sealed insulation inefficacy leads to whole battery pile to damage.
In this scheme, the insulating mode has been changed, the screw fixed subassembly no longer possesses insulating function, only use as fixed subassembly, can all use metal parts, compressive strength increases substantially, original insulating function changes and is born by gas board and insulation board and current conducting plate combination, the gas board is insulating with other subassemblies of pile reactor core, the screw subassembly is fixed on the gas board, so, thoroughly solved the problem that the insulating seal that exists originally often progressively became invalid because of ceramic pad collapse, the performance of pile has been improved substantially
For convenience and hydrogen gas distribution chamber subassembly, air gas distribution chamber subassembly etc. sealed fixed, the current conducting plate week side sets up the fastener, like the double-screw bolt, the screw etc., can with the current conducting plate welding, the bolt is etc. fixed, the hydrogen gas distribution chamber that corresponds, open fastening slot on the air gas distribution chamber subassembly and supply the fastener to pass, and with the nut cooperation with the hydrogen gas distribution chamber, the air gas distribution chamber subassembly is fixed as an organic whole with the pile main part, current conducting plate and fastener combination, convenient and hydrogen gas distribution chamber, the air gas distribution chamber subassembly is fixed as an organic whole.
4) The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-10, the hot zone of the solid oxide fuel cell stack with the heat exchange and hydrogen production mechanism includes a tail gas heat exchange mechanism a and a reforming hydrogen production mechanism C, which are opposite to each other.
The first shell of the tail gas heat exchange mechanism is a cuboid, a longitudinal fixed partition board in the cavity divides the cavity into two chambers, a waste gas combustion chamber 31 and an air preheating chamber 30, a pipeline is installed at the bottom end of the waste gas combustion chamber, an L-shaped pipeline extends to the anode hydrogen side of the adjacent side of the cell stack and the waste gas outlet at the bottom end of the cathode air side of the opposite side, an anode tail gas inlet 24 formed by an upper opening of the pipeline and a cathode tail gas inlet 25 are connected with the waste gas outlet, and an additional pipeline is opened and fixed at the position of the pipeline adjacent to the waste gas combustion chamber to form a starting combustion fuel inlet 28 so as to input fuel.
The bottom end of the air preheating cavity is provided with a pipeline, the pipeline extends to the inlet of the bottom end of the cathode hot air of the tightly attached cell stack and is connected with the inlet of the bottom end of the cathode hot air, the top end of the air preheating cavity is provided with an opening and is provided with an additional pipeline to form a cathode cold air inlet 26, and ceramic porous plates 35 are fixed at the inlets of the air preheating cavity and the waste gas combustion cavity.
In use, referring to fig. 9, fuel is mixed with cathode and anode exhaust gases 36 from the pipeline and enters the exhaust gas combustion chamber, an ignition plug in the chamber is used for ignition to burn the mixture of the exhaust gas and the fuel and transfer heat to cold air 32 entering the air preheating chamber, combustion exhaust gases 34 are discharged from a stack region tail gas outlet 22 formed by an opening at the top of the exhaust gas combustion chamber, and hot air 33 formed in the air preheating chamber is input into the cathode of the cell stack through a cathode hot air outlet 23 on the pipeline for heating.
In order to facilitate butt joint, an outlet flange 13 can be arranged at a tail gas outlet of the pile area.
The reforming hydrogen production mechanism comprises a rectangular second shell cavity, a vaporization pre-reforming cavity 37, a combustion heating cavity 38 and a reforming hydrogen production cavity 39, wherein three cavities are formed in the rectangular second shell cavity of the reforming hydrogen production mechanism through partition plates fixed at intervals, the combustion heating cavity is positioned between the vaporization pre-reforming cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity, the vaporization pre-reforming cavity is communicated with the reforming hydrogen production cavity, a catalyst is arranged in the reforming hydrogen production cavity, an aluminum thin film is used as a carrier for bearing the catalyst, a catalyst replacing opening 16 is formed in the top end of the reforming hydrogen production cavity, a reforming blocking opening 14 is arranged, namely a plate body is sealed, the bottom end of the reforming hydrogen production cavity is opened and is used as a hydrogen outlet 15 and is provided with a pipeline, and the pipeline extends.
A reforming fuel inlet 18 and a reforming water inlet 19 are formed on the bottom of the vaporization pre-reforming cavity, a combustion fuel inlet 20 and a combustion air inlet 21 are formed on the bottom of the combustion heating cavity, pipelines are arranged at the inlets to be in butt joint with an external conveying pipeline and the like, a combustion tail gas outlet 17 is formed on the top opening of the combustion heating cavity, and pipelines are arranged to be in butt joint with outlet flanges.
Ceramic porous plates are fixed at the inlet ends of the evaporation pre-reforming cavity, the combustion heating cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity in the second shell.
When the device is used, referring to fig. 5, fuel gas and air 42 enter a combustion heating cavity to be combusted and heated, natural gas 40 and cold water 41 enter a vaporization pre-reforming cavity to be heated and pre-reformed, then enter a reforming hydrogen production cavity to react to generate hydrogen and water vapor 43, combustion waste gas is discharged from a combustion tail gas outlet at the top end, and the hydrogen enters an anode.
In another embodiment, in order to improve the heat utilization efficiency, and also integrate the hot water function, a hot water pipe is installed in the waste gas combustion chamber, spirally extends, and a cold water inlet pipe 27 and a hot water outlet pipe 29 are opened and fixed on the chamber wall to be connected with two ports of the hot water pipe respectively.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a cell stack support D is added to the hot zone structure disclosed in embodiment 1 to form an integrated hot zone system, the support includes a top plate, a support pillar, and a bottom plate E, the support pillar is fixed at four corners of the top plate, the top plate is abutted against the bottom surface of the cell stack, the area of the top plate is smaller than that of the bottom surface of the cell stack, a support is fixed on a chassis, a pipeline at the waste gas inlet of the waste gas combustion chamber is a rectangular body, a space is reserved from the periphery of the support, the rectangular pipeline extends to the cathode and anode waste gas outlets of the cell stack along the top surface of the chassis and is connected with the hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production chamber, a space is reserved from the rectangular pipeline along the periphery of the support and extends to the anode hydrogen inlet of the cell stack along the top surface of the chassis and is connected with the hydrogen outlet, the hot zone system can be moved by supporting the housing with the pipe and by supporting the chassis, and when in use, the battery stack is placed on the support, and the operation can be performed only by installing the peripheral control system through wiring, see fig. 11-14.
Example 3
In this embodiment, a cell stack is added to the hot zone system disclosed in embodiment 2, which is convenient for manufacturers to directly assemble and mold, and downstream enterprises can use the cell stack as they buy and use, and improve the structure of the cell stack, referring to fig. 15-19, the cell stack includes a stack main body formed by a single cell 6 and a runner plate 7, a hydrogen gas distribution cavity assembly, an air distribution cavity assembly and a pressure sealing mechanism, the pressure sealing mechanism includes a pressure plate, a screw fixing assembly, a conductive post, an air sealing plate, an insulating plate and a conductive plate, the pressure plate, the top surface and the bottom surface of the stack main body are sequentially stacked with the conductive plate, the insulating plate and the air sealing plate, the conductive plate contacts with the top surface or the bottom surface of the stack main body, the insulating plate is added between the air sealing plate and the conductive plate, the insulating plate 2, the air sealing plate 4, the conductive post upper 3 of the opening supply end part in, holes are arranged at four corners of the pressurizing plate for a stud in the screw fixing component to pass through, and the screw fixing component is fastened to the cell stack by a screw cap under the required pressure, is made of metal materials and only needs to be fixed,
in order to improve the sealing property, an insulating plate is also provided between the gas seal plate and the pressurizing plate.
In another embodiment, fasteners, namely threaded columns, are welded on four sides of the conductive plate, and the hydrogen distribution cover plate 9 and the hydrogen cover insulating plate 12 in the corresponding hydrogen distribution cavity, fastening grooves are formed in the hydrogen distribution cover plate 10 and the air cover insulating plate 11 in the air distribution cavity assembly for the fasteners to pass through, and nuts are screwed on the ends of the fasteners to fix the hydrogen distribution cavity, the air distribution cavity assembly and the stack main body into a whole.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The novel solid oxide fuel cell stack hot zone is characterized in that: comprises a tail gas heat exchange mechanism and a reforming hydrogen production mechanism; the tail gas heat exchange mechanism comprises a first shell, a waste gas combustion cavity and an air preheating cavity which are adjacent are separated from the inner cavity of the first shell, the waste gas combustion cavity is connected with a cathode and an anode waste gas outlet of the cell stack through a pipeline, a combustion starting fuel inlet is arranged on the pipeline, fuel and waste gas are mixed and enter the waste gas combustion cavity to be combusted, heat is transferred to cold air in the air preheating cavity, and a hot air outlet of the air preheating cavity is connected with a cathode hot air inlet of the cell stack;
the reforming hydrogen production mechanism comprises a second shell, a vaporization pre-reforming cavity, a combustion heating cavity and a reforming hydrogen production cavity are separated from the cavity of the second shell, the combustion heating cavity is positioned between the vaporization pre-reforming cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity and is provided with a combustion fuel inlet and a combustion air inlet, the vaporization pre-reforming cavity is communicated with the reforming hydrogen production cavity to transfer heat generated by combustion of the combustion heating cavity to the vaporization pre-reforming cavity and the reforming hydrogen production cavity, and a hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production cavity is connected with an anode hydrogen inlet of the cell stack.
2. The hot-zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inlet end or the outlet end of at least one chamber in the first shell and the second shell is provided with a porous plate, the inlet ends of the evaporation pre-reforming cavity, the combustion heating cavity and the outlet end of the reforming hydrogen production cavity in the second shell are preferably provided with porous plates, materials required in the combustion heating cavity and the evaporation pre-reforming cavity enter the cavities through the porous plates, and hydrogen in the reforming hydrogen production cavity leaves through the porous plates.
3. The hot-zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reforming hydrogen production cavity is internally provided with a catalyst, the cavity wall is provided with a catalyst reloading port, and preferably, the combustion heating cavity and the waste gas combustion cavity are internally provided with an ignition mechanism, preferably an ignition plug.
4. The hot-zone according to claim 1, characterized in that: the waste gas combustion chamber is internally provided with a waste gas combustion chamber, and the waste gas combustion chamber is internally provided with a hot water pipeline which extends and is provided with a cold water inlet pipe and a hot water outlet pipe which are respectively connected with two ports of the hot water pipeline.
5. The hot-zone according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the first shell and the second shell are rectangular bodies.
6. An integrated solid oxide fuel cell stack hot zone system comprising the hot zone of any of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the reforming hydrogen production device is characterized by further comprising a cell stack support, the reforming hydrogen production mechanism and the tail gas heat exchange mechanism are located below the cell stack and are located on the side face of the cell stack respectively, a pipeline at the waste gas inlet of the waste gas combustion cavity extends to the cathode and the anode waste gas outlet of the cell stack from the support or the peripheral gap to be connected, and the hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production cavity extends to the anode hydrogen inlet of the cell stack along the support or the peripheral gap by the pipeline to be connected.
7. The hot-zone system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the support includes roof, pillar, and the pillar is fixed to the roof four corners to roof butt battery pile bottom surface.
8. The hot-zone system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the support also comprises a base plate, a support is fixed on the base plate, a pipeline at a hydrogen outlet of the reforming hydrogen production cavity is preferred, and a pipeline at an exhaust gas inlet of the exhaust gas combustion cavity extends on the top surface of the base plate.
9. An integrated cell stack system, comprising the thermal zone system and the cell stack as claimed in any one of the preceding claims 6 to 8, wherein the cell stack comprises a cell stack body composed of single cells and a runner plate, a hydrogen distribution cavity assembly, an air distribution cavity assembly and a pressure sealing mechanism arranged on the side surface of the cell stack body, the pressure sealing mechanism comprises a pressure plate, a screw fixing assembly and a conductive column, and the integrated cell stack system is characterized in that: the pressurizing sealing mechanism further comprises an air sealing plate, an insulating plate and a conducting plate, the insulating plate and the air sealing plate are sequentially arranged between the pressurizing plate and the top surface or the bottom surface of the galvanic pile main body, the conducting plate is contacted with the top surface or the bottom surface of the galvanic pile main body, the insulating plate is arranged between the air sealing plate and the conducting plate, the insulating plate, the air sealing plate and the pressurizing plate are provided with holes for conducting the electrical pile to be inserted into the conductive plate to be abutted against the conducting plate, and the insulating plate is preferably arranged between the.
10. The cell stack system of claim 9, wherein: the periphery of the current-conducting plate is provided with a fastener, and the corresponding hydrogen gas distribution cavity and the air gas distribution cavity assembly are provided with fastening grooves for the fastener to pass through, and are matched with the screw cap to fix the hydrogen gas distribution cavity, the air gas distribution cavity assembly and the pile main body into a whole.
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| CN112117478A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-12-22 | 浙江氢邦科技有限公司 | Pressure connection assembly, pressure device, self-pressurizing cell stack and cell stack self-pressurizing method |
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Application publication date: 20210611 |