CN112944805A - Method for automatically changing load of air separation of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) unit - Google Patents

Method for automatically changing load of air separation of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112944805A
CN112944805A CN202110159028.XA CN202110159028A CN112944805A CN 112944805 A CN112944805 A CN 112944805A CN 202110159028 A CN202110159028 A CN 202110159028A CN 112944805 A CN112944805 A CN 112944805A
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China
Prior art keywords
oxygen
air
air separation
pump
emptying valve
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Pending
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CN202110159028.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘飘
秦建明
祁海鹏
艾云涛
王相平
李志强
梅昆仑
赵剑
袁帅
周广利
孙国平
董良
王瑞超
吴楠
宋石磊
钱金葵
王赞惠
李帅
崔念琦
尼君
王绍博
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Huaneng Tianjin Coal Gasification Power Generation Co Ltd
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Huaneng Tianjin Coal Gasification Power Generation Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110159028.XA priority Critical patent/CN112944805A/en
Publication of CN112944805A publication Critical patent/CN112944805A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic load changing method for air separation of an IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) unit, which comprises the following steps: automatically controlling the oxygen yield of air separation; the oxygen pressure is automatically controlled; automatically controlling the oxygen purity of the air cooling tower; the three-stage air supply flow of the supercharger is automatically controlled; the front temperature of the expansion machine is automatically controlled. The method can reduce the operation burden of operators, reduce misoperation, improve the automation level of air separation and improve the stability of control parameters.

Description

Method for automatically changing load of air separation of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) unit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal chemical industry, in particular to an automatic load changing method for air separation of an IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) unit.
Background
The load-variable operation of the air separation unit of the IGCC unit is completely manually controlled by people. When the unit receives a load expansion instruction, the oxygen consumption is increased, the air separation oxygen pressure is reduced, the rotating speed of the oxygen pump is manually increased by 0.1% each time, and the oxygen pressure is kept constant as much as possible. Because the liquid oxygen amount is increased, the front temperature of an expander and the oxygen purity of an air cooling tower are reduced, an inlet valve of a supercharger is manually and slightly opened to maintain the front temperature of the expander to be constant, a high-pressure air throttle valve is manually and slightly opened to maintain the balance between the oxygen intake amount and the oxygen consumption amount of the air cooling tower so as to maintain the oxygen purity to be constant; because the three-section air supply flow of the supercharger is increased, the outlet pressure of the air compressor is reduced, the inlet guide vanes of the air compressor are opened manually, and the outlet pressure of the air compressor is kept constant.
Because the control flow of the air separation is long, the required control variables are more, the burden of operators is increased undoubtedly, the manual control precision is insufficient, and the risk of misoperation exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects or shortcomings in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a method for automatically varying the air separation load of the IGCC plant, which can reduce the operation burden of the operators, reduce the misoperation, improve the air separation automation level, and improve the stability of the control parameters.
The invention provides an automatic load changing method for air separation of an IGCC (integrated gasification combined cycle) unit, which comprises the following steps:
the oxygen yield of air separation is automatically controlled, a cascade control system calculates the oxygen yield of air separation according to the oxygen consumption of a gasification furnace as oxygen yield setting, and the oxygen yield of air separation is adjusted by controlling the opening degree of an oxygen release valve according to the oxygen yield setting value;
the oxygen pressure is automatically controlled, and the cascade control system maintains the oxygen pressure of the air separation output to be constant by controlling the variable frequency rotating speed of the liquid oxygen pump;
the oxygen purity of the air cooling tower is automatically controlled, the cascade control system calculates the tower inlet air quantity of the air cooling tower as an air inflow set value according to the oxygen production quantity of the air separation, and the tower inlet air quantity of the air cooling tower is made to be the air inflow set value by controlling an air compressor inlet guide vane;
the cascade control system calculates the three-stage air supply flow of the supercharger as an air supply set value according to the oxygen yield and the high-pressure nitrogen yield of the air separation, and controls the three-stage air supply flow of the supercharger to be the air supply set value by adjusting the opening of a high-pressure air throttle valve arranged between the three-stage outlet of the supercharger and the upper tower of the air cooling tower;
the temperature before the expansion machine is automatically controlled, and the cascade control system controls the temperature before the expansion machine to maintain stable by adjusting the opening of a butterfly valve at the inlet of the supercharger.
Preferably, in the step of automatically controlling oxygen production by air separation, the control mode of the oxygen emptying valve comprises a cascade mode, an automatic mode and a manual mode; the cascade mode is that the oxygen emptying valve is put into a cascade control system, the oxygen flow is set according to the oxygen load of the gasification furnace, and the oxygen emptying valve is in a sliding parameter state and is closed all the time; the automatic mode is that the oxygen emptying valve is automatically controlled, and the oxygen flow is manually set by an operator; the manual mode is that the oxygen emptying valve is put into manual control, and the opening degree of the oxygen emptying valve is manually controlled.
Preferably, the oxygen emptying valve is put into a cascade mode or an automatic mode, and under a normal operation state, the instruction output of the oxygen emptying valve is 0%; when any coal line of the gasification furnace trips, the output of the oxygen emptying valve is adjusted to 15%, and then the oxygen emptying valve is automatically adjusted.
Preferably, in the step of automatically controlling the oxygen pressure, the liquid oxygen pump includes a main pump and a backup pump, the main pump and the backup pump are controlled by two independent control loops, the operation of the main pump is controlled by a PID controller and put into the cascade control system for automatic speed change and pressure control, the backup pump is controlled by the PID controller, a set value tracks an actual value through manual control, if the main pump is abnormally shut down, a frequency converter of the backup pump quickly tracks a frequency converter command of the main pump and gives an alarm, and then an operator finely adjusts the backup pump, and after confirming that the backup pump is operating without problems, the PID controller of the backup pump is put into the cascade control system to replace the main pump for automatic pressure control.
Preferably, the liquid oxygen pump is provided with a rotation speed rate limit, and when the rotation speed of the liquid oxygen pump reaches the rotation speed rate limit, an alarm device gives an alarm.
Preferably, the supercharger inlet butterfly valve is provided with an action rate limit, and when the action rate of the supercharger inlet butterfly valve reaches the action rate limit, an alarm device gives an alarm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method realizes the 2%/min automatic variable load control of the air separation unit of the IGCC unit by introducing the control system and researching and improving the control flow, avoids manually and frequently modifying the control parameters, reduces the operation burden of operators, improves the automation level of equipment and improves the control precision of process parameters.
It should be understood that the statements herein reciting aspects are not intended to limit the critical or essential features of any embodiment of the invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for automatically changing load of an air separation of an IGCC unit.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an automatic load varying method for air separation of an IGCC plant, including the following steps:
s11, automatically controlling the oxygen yield of air separation, calculating the oxygen yield of air separation by the cascade control system according to the oxygen consumption of the gasification furnace as the oxygen yield setting, and adjusting the oxygen yield of air separation by controlling the opening degree of an oxygen release valve according to the oxygen yield setting value;
s12, automatically controlling the oxygen pressure, wherein the cascade control system maintains the oxygen pressure of the air separation output to be constant by controlling the variable frequency rotating speed of the liquid oxygen pump;
s13, automatically controlling the oxygen purity of the air cooling tower, calculating the tower inlet air quantity of the air cooling tower by the cascade control system according to the oxygen production quantity of air separation to be used as an air inflow set value, and controlling the inlet guide vane of the air compressor to enable the tower inlet air quantity of the air cooling tower to be used as the air inflow set value;
s14 automatic control of three-stage air supply flow of the supercharger, wherein a cascade control system calculates the three-stage air supply flow of the supercharger as an air supply set value according to the oxygen yield and the high-pressure nitrogen yield of air separation, and controls the three-stage air supply flow of the supercharger as the air supply set value by adjusting the opening of a high-pressure air throttle valve arranged between the three-stage outlet of the supercharger and an upper tower of an air cooling tower;
s15 the temperature before the expansion machine is automatically controlled, and the cascade control system controls the temperature before the expansion machine to maintain stable by adjusting the opening of the butterfly valve at the inlet of the supercharger.
In this embodiment, when the unit is connected to the load expansion instruction, the oxygen consumption is increased, and the cascade control system performs corresponding output adjustment on the air separation, the liquid oxygen pump, the air cooling tower, the supercharger and the expansion machine according to the oxygen consumption of the gasification furnace, so as to meet the load change requirement of the gasification furnace, and realize the automatic load change operation of the IGCC unit for air separation. The method avoids manual frequent modification of control parameters, reduces the operation burden of operators, improves the automation level of equipment and improves the control precision of process parameters.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step of automatically controlling oxygen production by air separation, the control mode of the oxygen emptying valve comprises a cascade mode, an automatic mode and a manual mode; the cascade mode is that the oxygen emptying valve is put into a cascade control system, the oxygen flow is set according to the oxygen load of the gasification furnace, and the oxygen emptying valve is in a sliding parameter state and is closed all the time; the automatic mode is that the oxygen emptying valve is put into automatic control, and the oxygen flow is manually set by operators; the manual mode is to put the oxygen emptying valve into manual control, and the oxygen emptying valve gives the aperture through manual.
In this embodiment, an oxygen emptying valve for controlling the oxygen yield of air separation is provided with a plurality of control modes, and the most suitable control mode can be selected according to different requirements of unit production, so that the applicability is higher.
In a preferred embodiment, the oxygen emptying valve is put into a cascade mode or an automatic mode, and under a normal operation state, the instruction output of the oxygen emptying valve is 0%; when any coal line (coal conveying line) of the gasification furnace trips, the output of the oxygen emptying valve is adjusted to 15%, and then the oxygen emptying valve is automatically adjusted. The problem of oxygen pipeline overpressure caused by slow automatic control and adjustment when the oxygen emptying valve is in a full-open state and a coal line is tripped can be prevented.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step of automatically controlling the oxygen pressure, the liquid oxygen pump comprises a main pump and a backup pump, the main pump and the backup pump are controlled by two mutually independent control loops, the operation of the main pump is controlled by a PID controller and put into a cascade control system for automatic speed change and pressure control, the backup pump is controlled by the PID controller, through manual control, a set value tracks an actual value, if the main pump is abnormally shut down, a frequency converter of the backup pump quickly tracks a frequency converter instruction of the main pump and gives an alarm through an alarm device, then an operator finely adjusts the backup pump, and after confirming that the backup pump is in operation without problems, the PID controller of the backup pump is put into the cascade control system to replace the main pump for automatic pressure control.
In the embodiment, a main pump and a standby pump are connected to a pipeline at the same time, and the standby pump is manually controlled to follow the operation at a lower output frequency under the normal operation state of the main pump, and a set value of the standby pump tracks an actual value; under the unusual off-line state of main pump, the converter instruction of main pump is followed tracks of fast to the converter of stand-by pump, and the output frequency operation of main pump is used with the stand-by pump, replaces the main pump fast, ensures the normal operating of equipment. And after the standby pump is checked to be abnormal by operators, the standby pump is put into a cascade control system to realize automatic air compression.
In a preferred embodiment, the liquid oxygen pump is provided with a rotating speed rate limit, the rotating speed rate limit is set to be 1%/min, the rotating speed rate limit can be adjusted according to requirements, and when the rotating speed of the liquid oxygen pump reaches the rotating speed rate limit, an alarm device gives an alarm to remind an operator of timely processing.
In a preferred embodiment, the inlet butterfly valve of the supercharger is provided with action rate limitation, the action rate limitation is set to be 1%/min, and the action rate limitation can be limited according to the required action rate, and when the action rate of the inlet butterfly valve of the supercharger reaches the action rate limitation, an alarm device is used for giving an alarm to remind an operator to process in time.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "connect", "mount", "fix", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, for example, "connect" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," etc. means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. The method for automatically changing the load of the air separation of the IGCC unit is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the oxygen yield of air separation is automatically controlled, a cascade control system calculates the oxygen yield of air separation as an oxygen yield set value according to the oxygen consumption of a gasification furnace, and the oxygen yield of air separation is made to be the oxygen yield set value by controlling the opening of an oxygen emptying valve;
the oxygen pressure is automatically controlled, and the cascade control system maintains the oxygen pressure of the air separation output to be constant by controlling the variable frequency rotating speed of the liquid oxygen pump;
the oxygen purity of the air cooling tower is automatically controlled, the cascade control system calculates the tower inlet air quantity of the air cooling tower as an air inflow set value according to the oxygen production quantity of the air separation, and the tower inlet air quantity of the air cooling tower is made to be the air inflow set value by controlling an air compressor inlet guide vane;
the cascade control system calculates the three-stage air supply flow of the supercharger as an air supply set value according to the oxygen yield and the high-pressure nitrogen yield of the air separation, and controls the three-stage air supply flow of the supercharger to be the air supply set value by adjusting the opening of a high-pressure air throttle valve arranged between the three-stage outlet of the supercharger and the upper tower of the air cooling tower;
the temperature before the expansion machine is automatically controlled, and the cascade control system controls the temperature before the expansion machine to maintain stable by adjusting the opening of a butterfly valve at the inlet of the supercharger.
2. The IGCC unit air separation automatic load changing method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step of automatic control of the oxygen production amount of the air separation, the control mode of the oxygen emptying valve comprises a cascade mode, an automatic mode and a manual mode; the cascade mode is that the oxygen emptying valve is put into a cascade control system, the oxygen flow is set according to the oxygen load of the gasification furnace, and the oxygen emptying valve is in a sliding parameter state and is closed all the time; the automatic mode is that the oxygen emptying valve is automatically controlled, and the oxygen flow is manually set by an operator; the manual mode is that the oxygen emptying valve is put into manual control, and the opening degree of the oxygen emptying valve is manually controlled.
3. The IGCC unit air separation automatic load changing method according to claim 2, characterized in that the oxygen emptying valve is put into a cascade mode or an automatic mode, and under a normal operation state, the instruction output of the oxygen emptying valve is 0%; when any coal line of the gasification furnace trips, the output of the oxygen emptying valve is adjusted to 15%, and then the oxygen emptying valve is automatically adjusted.
4. The IGCC plant air separation automatic load changing method according to the claim 3, in the step of automatically controlling the oxygen pressure, the liquid oxygen pump comprises a main pump and a standby pump, the main pump and the standby pump are controlled by two mutually independent control loops, the operation of the main pump is controlled by a PID controller, and put into the cascade control system to carry out automatic speed and pressure control, the standby pump is controlled by a PID controller, through manual control, the set value tracks the actual value, if the main pump is abnormally stopped, the frequency converter of the standby pump quickly tracks the frequency converter instruction of the main pump, and sends out an alarm, then the operator finely adjusts the standby pump, after confirming that the standby pump operates without problems, and putting the PID controller of the standby pump into the cascade control system to replace the main pump for automatic pressure control.
5. The IGCC unit air separation automatic load changing method according to claim 4, characterized in that the liquid oxygen pump is provided with a rotation speed rate limit, and when the rotation speed of the liquid oxygen pump reaches the rotation speed rate limit, an alarm device gives an alarm.
6. The IGCC unit air separation automatic load changing method according to claim 5, characterized in that the booster inlet butterfly valve is provided with an action rate limit, and when the action rate of the booster inlet butterfly valve reaches the action rate limit, an alarm device gives an alarm.
CN202110159028.XA 2021-02-04 2021-02-04 Method for automatically changing load of air separation of Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) unit Pending CN112944805A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113899162A (en) * 2021-10-15 2022-01-07 华能(天津)煤气化发电有限公司 Rapid load-variable air separation device for IGCC power station and control method thereof

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Application publication date: 20210611