CN112796891B - Application of air source segment PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjusting method based on ATS (air turbine starter) - Google Patents
Application of air source segment PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjusting method based on ATS (air turbine starter) Download PDFInfo
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- CN112796891B CN112796891B CN202110216879.3A CN202110216879A CN112796891B CN 112796891 B CN112796891 B CN 112796891B CN 202110216879 A CN202110216879 A CN 202110216879A CN 112796891 B CN112796891 B CN 112796891B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/26—Starting; Ignition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aeroengines, and particularly relates to an application of an ATS-based air turbine starter air source segment PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjusting method, which comprises the following steps: step A: setting a target gas source, and obtaining a conventional PID parameter, namely a fine-tuning PID, by using a labview PID advanced self-tuning module; and B: firstly, adjusting a P value in a conventional PID (proportion integration differentiation) to enable the P value to cross a target air pressure for about 15% in the shortest time and then begin to fall back, then adding a condition function, namely a rough adjustment PID for short, and replacing the current PID value with the conventional PID when the current air pressure and the target air pressure have a pressure difference of 10 Kpa; and C: starting the test to carry out integral debugging, continuously optimizing and modifying the coarse PID and the fine PID, and enabling the air pressure operation curve to stably enter a PID dead zone in the shortest time; step D: if the effect is not good, segmentation can be carried out, the invention provides the application of the ATS air turbine starter air source segmentation PID adjusting method, and the ATS air source can be quickly and stably adjusted to the target air pressure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aero-engines, and particularly relates to an application of an ATS-based air turbine starter air source segment PID adjusting method.
Background
The aircraft power system comprises a main power system and an auxiliary power system. The former refers to an engine mounted on an airplane to provide main power for flying; the latter is a comprehensive system, which is an important component of the airplane and is mainly responsible for starting the engine on the ground or in the air to provide power for environmental control, emergency and the like, and a relation diagram is shown in fig. 2. In an auxiliary power system, a starter is always an important part, and an air turbine starter is one of starting devices of an aircraft engine and is characterized by simple structure, light weight and high power. When the air turbine starter works, an air source with stable pressure is needed to be provided on the ground, an air supply solenoid valve is started to supply air to a system before starting, the air supply pressure is adjusted by adjusting the air supply valve as shown in figure 3, at the moment, the solenoid valve is required to quickly and stably enter target air pressure, a labview PID module is adopted in a conventional method to control the opening degree of the solenoid valve, the adjustment response speed is increased by the method, the stability of the system is influenced, the stability is met, the adjustment time cannot meet the experimental requirement, and the consideration cannot be given to the system at the same time.
In the design of an electromechanical control system, PID control is a closed-loop control method in the production process, and a PID controller is a common feedback loop complement in industrial control and is divided into a proportional unit P, an integral unit I and a differential unit D. The PID control principle is simple, convenient to use, high in applicability and robustness and easy to set. Meanwhile, the control quality of the method is insensitive to the change of the controlled object, so that the method is widely applied. The optimal adjustment of the conventional PID control parameters is not automated, and the setting method which depends on manual trial and error not only needs abundant experience and skill, but also is time-consuming. Meanwhile, in the control process of the actual control system, the parameters and the model structure of the controlled process are changed due to the influence of noise, load disturbance and other changes of environmental conditions. In this case, it is difficult to obtain a satisfactory control effect with the conventional PID controller.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an application of a segmented PID (proportion integration differentiation) adjusting method based on an ATS (air supply system) air turbine starter air source, and provides a scheme for quickly and stably adjusting the ATS air source to a target air pressure.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the application of the ATS-based air turbine starter air source segment PID adjusting method comprises the following steps:
step A: setting a target gas source, and obtaining a conventional PID parameter, namely a fine-tuning PID, by using a labview PID advanced self-tuning module;
and B: firstly, adjusting a P value in a conventional PID (proportion integration differentiation) to enable the P value to cross a target air pressure for about 15% in the shortest time and then begin to fall back, then adding a condition function, namely a rough adjustment PID for short, and replacing the current PID value with the conventional PID when the current air pressure and the target air pressure have a pressure difference of 10 Kpa;
and C: starting the test to carry out integral debugging, continuously optimizing and modifying the coarse PID and the fine PID, and enabling the air pressure operation curve to stably enter a PID dead zone in the shortest time;
step D: if the effect is not good, segmentation can be carried out again.
Preferably, the operation method in the step a specifically comprises: setting a target pressure of an air source, using a labview PID advanced self-tuning module, and carrying out self-tuning adjustment on the system for a long time to obtain a common PID value, wherein the segmented PID value is adjusted on the basis.
Preferably, the operation method in the step B specifically comprises: setting a target pressure value of an air source, adjusting a P value of a proportional valve in the PID, enabling a first wave peak value of an actually measured air pressure value to cross about 15% of target air pressure and then begin to fall back, enabling an air pressure adjusting wave form to be similar to a damping oscillation graph at the moment, then adding a condition function, namely a rough adjustment PID for short, and replacing a current PID value with a conventional PID when the difference between the current air pressure and the target air pressure is 10 Kpa.
Preferably, the operation method in the step C specifically comprises: and setting a target pressure value of the air source, integrally debugging from the start of the test, continuously optimizing and modifying the coarse adjustment PID and the fine adjustment PID according to the PID characteristics, and enabling the air pressure operation curve to stably enter the PID dead zone in the shortest time.
Preferably, the operation method in the step D specifically comprises: under general conditions, the segmented PID regulation adopts two sections of coarse regulation and fine regulation to realize that the air source target can quickly and stably enter a PID dead zone; if the two-stage effect is not good, a segmentation increasing mode can be adopted.
Preferably, the application of the segmented PID adjusting method mainly comprises an air source device, an air supply system, an electric system, a gear device, an electric dynamometer and the like, wherein the electric system mainly comprises various sensors, a lubricating system, an acquisition card, an IO control card and the like.
Preferably, when the performance of the ATS air turbine starter is tested on a test bed, a measurement and control system of the ATS air turbine starter mainly comprises two parts, namely hardware and software;
the hardware adopts an NI-RT system to collect various sensor signals and control IO amount in real time;
the software is programmed by Labview, and a Labview PID toolkit is called to form the software;
the NI-RT system receives commands of an upper computer through a network port and uploads collected real-time signals to the upper computer, and the upper computer and the electric dynamometer carry out data interaction through the network port.
Preferably, when the performance of the ATS air turbine starter is tested on a test bench, the working principle of the ATS air turbine starter includes the following contents:
the upper computer performs command control with the gas source station through a network, and can perform pressure and temperature setting; before the test starts, the upper computer firstly sets a target value of the temperature of the air source and the pressure of the air source, clicks the test preparation, opens the emptying valve (the opening degree is a plurality of test values), opens the gear box lubricating oil pump, the brake pump, the product lubricating oil pump and the cooling water device, and the test system carries out PID (proportion integration differentiation) sectional adjustment on the main regulating valve according to the set pressure of the air source when the pressure of the air source is stabilized to a set value; after a test starting button is clicked, firstly closing the emptying valve, delaying for 650ms, and then opening the air inlet valve and the product electromagnet switch, wherein at the moment, the ATS air turbine starter starts to work; in the gas circuit switching process, the real-time gas pressure deviates from the gas source pressure, the PID is quickly adjusted and stabilized to a PID dead zone after entering an adjusting area,
the ATS air turbine starter automatically stops the test according to the rotating speed (the normal starting is less than or equal to 5600 r/min) or the running time (less than or equal to 1 min); and opening the emptying valve, closing the product electromagnet, closing the air inlet valve, opening cold blowing and eddy current braking, and finishing the test.
Preferably, after the start test button is clicked, the PID does not adjust the opening of the main regulator valve within 2s (200 ms × 10), so as to avoid system instability caused by wide pressure fluctuation due to pipeline switching.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the problem that the conventional PID regulation is long in regulation time and cannot be stabilized in a PID dead zone in the ATS test process is solved, and a good improvement scheme is provided for quickly and stably regulating an air source to a target air pressure in the ATS test.
In the adjusting process of the ATS air source, a segmentation method is used to gradually realize target air pressure adjustment; after the current air pressure is quickly close to the target air pressure, the current air pressure can be stabilized in a PID dead zone so as to be slowly adjusted.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an ATS air turbine starter test system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ATS air turbine starter starting system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a measurement and control device of an ATS air turbine starter performance test bed according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of PID segment tuning in the present invention.
In the figure: 101-upper computer, 102-NI-RT system, 103-air source device, 104-electric system, 105-electric dynamometer and 106-gear device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
please refer to fig. 1-4: the invention provides an embodiment, in particular discloses and provides a technical scheme based on the application of an ATS air turbine starter air source segment PID adjusting method, which comprises the following steps:
step A: setting a target gas source, and obtaining a conventional PID parameter, namely a fine-tuning PID, by using a labview PID advanced self-tuning module;
and B: firstly, adjusting a P value in a conventional PID (proportion integration differentiation) to enable the P value to cross a target air pressure for about 15% in the shortest time and then begin to fall back, then adding a condition function, namely a rough adjustment PID for short, and replacing the current PID value with the conventional PID when the current air pressure and the target air pressure have a pressure difference of 10 Kpa;
and C: starting the test to carry out integral debugging, continuously optimizing and modifying the coarse PID and the fine PID, and enabling the air pressure operation curve to stably enter a PID dead zone in the shortest time;
step D: if the effect is not good, segmentation can be carried out again.
Please continue to refer to fig. 1-4: specifically, the operation method in the step a specifically includes: setting a target pressure of an air source, using a labview PID advanced self-tuning module, and carrying out self-tuning adjustment on the system for a long time to obtain a common PID value, wherein the segmented PID value is adjusted on the basis.
Specifically, the operation method in the step B specifically includes: setting a target pressure value of an air source, adjusting a P value of a proportional valve in the PID, enabling a first wave peak value of an actually measured air pressure value to cross about 15% of target air pressure and then begin to fall back, enabling an air pressure adjusting wave form to be similar to a damping oscillation graph at the moment, then adding a condition function, namely a rough adjustment PID for short, and replacing a current PID value with a conventional PID when the difference between the current air pressure and the target air pressure is 10 Kpa.
Specifically, the operation method in the step C specifically includes: and setting a target pressure value of the air source, integrally debugging from the start of the test, continuously optimizing and modifying the coarse adjustment PID and the fine adjustment PID according to the PID characteristics, and enabling the air pressure operation curve to stably enter the PID dead zone in the shortest time.
Specifically, the operation method in step D specifically includes: under general conditions, the segmented PID regulation adopts two sections of coarse regulation and fine regulation to realize that the air source target can quickly and stably enter a PID dead zone; if the two-stage effect is not good, a segmentation increasing mode can be adopted.
Specifically, the application of the segmented PID adjusting method mainly comprises an air source device, an air supply system, an electric system, a gear device, an electric dynamometer and the like, wherein the electric system mainly comprises various sensors, a lubricating system, an acquisition card, an IO control card and the like.
Specifically, when the performance of the ATS air turbine starter is tested on a test bed, a measurement and control system of the ATS air turbine starter mainly comprises two parts, namely hardware and software;
the hardware adopts an NI-RT system to collect various sensor signals and control IO amount in real time;
the software is programmed by Labview, and a Labview PID toolkit is called to form the software;
the NI-RT system receives commands of an upper computer through a network port and uploads collected real-time signals to the upper computer, and the upper computer and the electric dynamometer carry out data interaction through the network port.
Specifically, when the performance of the ATS air turbine starter is tested on a test bed, the working principle of the ATS air turbine starter comprises the following contents:
the upper computer performs command control with the gas source station through a network, and can perform pressure and temperature setting; before the test starts, the upper computer firstly sets a target value of the temperature of the air source and the pressure of the air source, clicks the test preparation, opens the emptying valve (the opening degree is a plurality of test values), opens the gear box lubricating oil pump, the brake pump, the product lubricating oil pump and the cooling water device, and the test system carries out PID (proportion integration differentiation) sectional adjustment on the main regulating valve according to the set pressure of the air source when the pressure of the air source is stabilized to a set value; after a test starting button is clicked, firstly closing the emptying valve, delaying for 650ms, and then opening the air inlet valve and the product electromagnet switch, wherein at the moment, the ATS air turbine starter starts to work; in the gas circuit switching process, the real-time gas pressure deviates from the gas source pressure, the PID is quickly adjusted and stabilized to a PID dead zone after entering an adjusting area,
the ATS air turbine starter automatically stops the test according to the rotating speed (the normal starting is less than or equal to 5600 r/min) or the running time (less than or equal to 1 min); and opening the emptying valve, closing the product electromagnet, closing the air inlet valve, opening cold blowing and eddy current braking, and finishing the test.
Specifically, after the start test button is clicked, the PID does not adjust the opening of the main regulator valve within 2s (200 ms × 10), so that the system instability caused by large-range pressure fluctuation due to pipeline switching is avoided.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a measurement and control system of an ATS air turbine starter performance test bed, which comprises two parts, namely hardware and software, wherein the hardware adopts an NI-RT system to collect various sensor signals in real time and control IO amount; the software is programmed by Labview, and a Labview PID toolkit is called to form the software. The NI-RT system receives commands of the upper computer through the network port and uploads collected real-time signals to the upper computer, and the upper computer and the electric dynamometer perform data interaction through the network port.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an ATS air turbine starter starting system. Typically, an aircraft power system includes a primary power system and a secondary power system. The former is an engine mounted on the airplane to provide main power for flying, and the latter is a comprehensive system which is used as an important component of the airplane and is mainly responsible for starting the engine on the ground or in the air to provide power for environmental control, emergency and the like.
The auxiliary power system has two working states of power output and power components, and can meet the requirements of different working states of an engine or an airplane. For example, when the engine does not work, the state of the power assembly of the auxiliary power system can directly provide the required conventional power for the airplane, the use cost of the engine is reduced, and the use and maintenance performance of the airplane is improved. When the engine is stopped in the air, the auxiliary power system has the capability of restarting the engine and is a barrier for safe use of the airplane.
According to different composition modes, the auxiliary power system can be divided into an engine starting device ESU, an auxiliary power device APU, an emergency power device EPU, a combined power device IPU, an airplane accessory casing and the like. In an auxiliary power system, a starter is always one of important components. An Air Turbine Starter (ATS) is mounted directly on the aircraft flight attachment case, and the starter output power acts directly on the engine starting drive train to start the engine. An aircraft auxiliary power system applying an air turbine starter is mainly divided into two categories, namely an integrated power system (IPU) + an air turbine starter and an Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) + an air turbine starter according to whether an air management system exists or not.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a measurement and control device of an ATS air turbine starter performance test bed, an upper computer performs command control with an air source station through a network, and pressure and temperature setting can be performed; before the test starts, the upper computer firstly sets a target value of the temperature of the air source and the pressure of the air source, clicks the test preparation, opens the emptying valve (the opening degree is a plurality of test values), opens the gear box lubricating oil pump, the brake pump, the product lubricating oil pump, the cooling water and other equipment, and the test system carries out PID (proportion integration differentiation) sectional regulation on the main regulating valve according to the set pressure of the air source when the pressure of the air source is stabilized to a set value; after a test starting button is clicked, firstly closing the emptying valve, delaying for 650ms, and then opening the air inlet valve and the product electromagnet switch, wherein at the moment, the ATS air turbine starter starts to work; in the gas circuit switching process, the real-time gas pressure deviates from the gas source pressure, the PID is quickly adjusted and stabilized to a PID dead zone after entering an adjusting area,
the ATS air turbine starter automatically stops the test according to the rotating speed (the normal starting is less than or equal to 5600 r/min) or the running time (less than or equal to 1 min); and opening the emptying valve, closing the product electromagnet, closing the air inlet valve, opening cold blowing and eddy current braking, and finishing the test.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of PID segment adjustment, and after the start test button is clicked, the PID does not adjust the opening of the main adjustment valve within 2s (200 ms × 10), so as to avoid system instability caused by large-range pressure fluctuation due to pipeline switching.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The application of the ATS-based air turbine starter air source segment PID adjusting method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step A: setting a target gas source, and obtaining a conventional PID parameter, namely a fine-tuning PID, by using a labview PID advanced self-tuning module;
and B: firstly, adjusting a P value in a conventional PID (proportion integration differentiation) to enable the P value to cross 15% of target air pressure in the shortest time and then begin to fall back, then adding a condition function, namely a coarse adjustment PID for short, and replacing the current PID value with the conventional PID when the current air pressure and the target air pressure have a pressure difference of 10 Kpa;
and C: starting the test to carry out integral debugging, continuously optimizing and modifying the coarse PID and the fine PID, and enabling the air pressure operation curve to stably enter a PID dead zone in the shortest time;
step D: and if the effect is not good, segmenting.
2. Use of the ATS air turbine starter based air supply segment PID regulation method according to claim 1,
the operation method in the step A specifically comprises the following steps: setting a target pressure of an air source, using a labview PID advanced self-tuning module, and carrying out self-tuning adjustment on the system for a long time to obtain a common PID value, wherein the segmented PID value is adjusted on the basis.
3. Use of the ATS air turbine starter based air supply segment PID regulation method according to claim 1,
the operation method in the step B specifically comprises the following steps: setting a target pressure value of an air source, adjusting a P value of a proportional valve in the PID, enabling a first wave peak value of an actually measured air pressure value to start falling back after exceeding 15% of target air pressure, then adding a condition function, namely a rough adjustment PID for short, and replacing the current PID value with a conventional PID when the current air pressure and the target air pressure have a pressure difference of 10 Kpa.
4. Use of the ATS air turbine starter based air supply segment PID regulation method according to claim 1,
the operation method in the step C specifically comprises the following steps: and setting a target pressure value of the air source, integrally debugging from the start of the test, continuously optimizing and modifying the coarse adjustment PID and the fine adjustment PID according to the PID characteristics, and enabling the air pressure operation curve to stably enter the PID dead zone in the shortest time.
5. Use of the ATS air turbine starter based air supply segment PID regulation method according to claim 1,
the operation method in the step D specifically comprises the following steps: under general conditions, the segmented PID regulation adopts two sections of coarse regulation and fine regulation to realize that the air source target can quickly and stably enter a PID dead zone; if the two-stage effect is not good, a segmentation increasing mode can be adopted.
6. Use of the ATS air turbine starter based air supply segment PID regulation method according to claim 1,
the application of the segmented PID adjusting method mainly comprises an air source device, an air supply system, an electric system, a gear device and an electric dynamometer, wherein the electric system mainly comprises various sensors, a lubricating system, an acquisition card and an IO control card.
7. Use of the ATS air turbine starter based air supply segment PID regulation method of claim 6,
when the performance of the ATS air turbine starter is tested on a test bed, a measurement and control system of the ATS air turbine starter mainly comprises two parts, namely hardware and software;
the hardware adopts an NI-RT system to collect various sensor signals and control IO amount in real time;
the software is formed by adopting Labview programming and calling a Labview PID toolkit;
the NI-RT system receives commands of an upper computer through a network port and uploads collected real-time signals to the upper computer, and the upper computer and the electric dynamometer carry out data interaction through the network port.
8. Use of the ATS air turbine starter based air supply segment PID regulation method of claim 7,
when the performance of the ATS air turbine starter is tested on a test bed, the working principle of the ATS air turbine starter comprises the following contents:
the upper computer performs command control with the gas source station through a network, and can perform pressure and temperature setting; before the test is started, the upper computer firstly sets a target value of the temperature of the air source and the pressure of the air source, clicks the test preparation, opens the emptying valve, opens the gear box lubricating oil pump, the brake pump, the product lubricating oil pump and the cooling water equipment, and the test system carries out PID (proportion integration differentiation) sectional adjustment on the main regulating valve according to the set pressure of the air source when the pressure of the air source is stabilized to a set value; after a test starting button is clicked, firstly closing the emptying valve, delaying for 650ms, and then opening the air inlet valve and the product electromagnet switch, wherein at the moment, the ATS air turbine starter starts to work; in the gas circuit switching process, the real-time gas pressure deviates from the gas source pressure, the PID is quickly adjusted and stabilized to a PID dead zone after entering an adjusting area,
the ATS air turbine starter automatically stops the test according to the rotating speed or the running time; and opening the emptying valve, closing the product electromagnet, closing the air inlet valve, opening cold blowing and eddy current braking, and finishing the test.
9. Use of the ATS air turbine starter air supply segment-based PID tuning method of claim 8,
after the test starting button is clicked, the PID does not adjust the opening of the main regulating valve within 2s, and the instability of the system caused by large-range pressure fluctuation due to pipeline switching is avoided.
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