Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for protecting an opening section of a central separation zone of an expressway, and the device and the method are used for solving the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the vehicle lane anti-collision device comprises an arc-shaped protective guard which is positioned on the left side of an inner lane and connected with the end of a central protective guard, wherein one end of the arc-shaped protective guard is connected with the end of the central protective guard of the vehicle lane, and the other end of the arc-shaped protective guard is connected with the end of a straight line section of the protective guard on the inner side.
Preferably, the arc-shaped guard rail is curved in an involute manner from the joint with the extension guard rail to the joint with the right guard rail; the arc-shaped protective guard is provided with a plurality of rotatable rollers, and rotating shafts of the rollers are perpendicular to the ground.
Preferably, the rollers are arranged on the arc-shaped guard rail at intervals, and the smaller the interval between the rollers closer to the straight line segments of the guard rail is, the smaller the radius of the surface of each roller is; the tangent formed by the cylinder surfaces of the plurality of rollers is involute.
Preferably, a hollow sleeve is arranged at the central axis of the roller; an elastic inner layer is arranged outside the hollow sleeve; the roller is provided with a plurality of radial cavities at intervals around the elastic inner layer.
Preferably, the elastic inner layer is a closed honeycomb structure and is made of an elastic material.
Preferably, the cavity is filled with a half-full buffer, preferably fine sand.
Preferably, the radius of the roller is gradually reduced from top to bottom to form an inverted truncated cone shape, and the surface of the roller is smoothly connected with the top and bottom surfaces.
Preferably, the device also comprises an upright post fixed with the ground, and the arc-shaped guard rail is in threaded connection with a U-shaped plate encircling the upright post; the upright post is positioned on the inner side of the arc-shaped protective guard, and a reinforcing guardrail is arranged on the other side of the upright post; a through hole is formed in the central axis of the roller, and the stand column penetrates through the hollow sleeve and is rotatably sleeved with the roller; and the upright post is provided with a limiting disc.
A method for protecting an opening section of a central separation zone of an expressway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. determining the installation position of the protective device according to the length and the width of the opening section;
b. the protective device comprises an arc protective fence, an extension protective fence, a reinforcing protective fence,
The roller comprises a hollow sleeve, an elastic inner layer and a cavity;
c. and mounting a protective device, mounting an arc protective guard on the right side of an opening end facing the vehicle running direction, mounting an extension protective guard on the left side, and mounting a reinforcing protective guard, a stand column and a roller.
Preferably, a tangent line formed on the cylinder surface of the roller is in an involute shape, and a buffer material is filled in a cavity; the closer the rollers are to the extension guard rail, the more closely the rollers are arranged, and the smaller the radius of the roller surface is.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows: the involute type guard rail shortens the gradual change length of the guard rail, and is convenient for design and construction of an opening section; the involute type guard rail can guide the vehicle running direction to the tangent direction of the vehicle due to the involute shape when the vehicle collides, thereby reducing the damage to the vehicle and personnel caused by direct impact; the involute type protective guard does not cause end beam puncture when a vehicle collides, so that the safety is greatly improved; meanwhile, the anti-impact force of the involute protective guard is increased to a certain extent through the outwards-protruded involute protective guard, and the protective guard is prevented from being deformed to weaken the protection and guide effects caused by vehicle impact.
Therefore, compared with the prior art, the invention provides the device and the method for protecting the opening section of the central separation belt of the highway, which have the advantages of simple structure and convenient construction, and can effectively reduce the impact damage of vehicles.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of describing the invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referred devices or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1, the arrow direction in fig. 1 is a normal driving direction of a vehicle, and the present embodiment includes an arc-shaped guard rail 1 located on the left side of an inner lane and connected to an end of a central guard rail, where one end of the arc-shaped guard rail 1 is connected to an end of the central guard rail of the vehicle lane, and the other end is connected to an end arc of a straight line segment 9 of the guard rail on the inner side of an opposite lane; a temporary guard rail 10 that can be quickly disassembled is provided at the open section. When a vehicle collides, the temporary guardrail 10 arranged at the opening section has low impact resistance strength and is easy to deform greatly, and at the moment, the arc-shaped guardrail can guide the vehicle running direction along the arc direction of the vehicle, so that the damage to the vehicle and personnel caused by direct impact is reduced, the end beam puncture cannot be caused, and the safety is greatly improved; meanwhile, the arc-shaped guard rails 1 are connected with the end arcs of the guard rail straight line sections 9, so that the end of the central guard rail straight line section 9 is further prevented from causing penetrating damage to a vehicle. Because the larger impact of vehicle casualties caused by the opening section of the central guard rail of the expressway is mostly when the vehicle is positioned on an inner lane, the vehicle deflects inwards due to faults or collision and impacts the opening end, facing the vehicle, of the guard rail of the central separation belt on the left side of the vehicle, the asymmetrical design of the arc-shaped guard rail 1 and the straight section 9 of the guard rail can enable the structure of the whole protection device to be simpler and the construction to be more convenient, and the other end of the opening section of the central separation belt adopts the symmetrical design to prevent the collision of the opposite lane.
The arc-shaped protective guard 1 is bent in an involute form from the joint of the arc-shaped protective guard and the straight line section 9 of the protective guard to the joint of the arc-shaped protective guard and the right protective guard; the arc-shaped protective fence 1 is provided with a plurality of rotatable rollers 2, and the rotating shafts of the rollers 2 are vertical to the ground. The arc change of the involute curved arc protective guard 1 is larger when the involute curved arc protective guard is closer to the linear section 9 of the protective guard, so that the driving direction of a vehicle is easier to guide, and the end of the involute curved arc protective guard 1 is prevented from being directly impacted to cause penetration; meanwhile, the involute-type curved arc-shaped protective guard 1 is more effective in space utilization, the gradual change distance required for gradual change of the arc-shaped protective guard 1 to the protective guard straight-line section 9 is shortened, and the design and construction of the opening section are more facilitated.
The rollers 2 are arranged on the arc-shaped protective guard 1 at intervals, the closer the rollers 2 to the linear section (9) of the protective guard are, the smaller the interval is, and the smaller the radius of the surface of each roller 2 is; the tangent line formed by the cylindrical surfaces of the plurality of rollers 2 is involute. The tangent line that the tube surface of a plurality of rotatable cylinders 2 formed is involute shape, can make the vehicle follow the atress in proper order that gradually bursts at the seams when bumping, lets the vehicle roll around the backplate that bursts at the seams more easily, rather than taking place direct collision, has effectively reduced the damage that direct collision caused vehicle and personnel. The closer the involute arc protective guard 1 is to the linear section 9 of the protective guard, the larger the bending amplitude is, and the large rollers 2 are inconvenient to densely arrange; meanwhile, when the rollers 2 arranged densely guide the direction of the vehicle, the running speed of the vehicle can be further reduced through friction, and the probability that the vehicle rushes into an opposite lane in an out-of-control state is reduced.
Referring to fig. 2-3, a hollow sleeve 7 is disposed at the central axis of the drum 2; an elastic inner layer 5 is arranged outside the hollow sleeve 7; the drum 2 is provided with a plurality of radial cavities 6 at intervals around the elastic inner layer 5. The roller 2 is made of rubber material; the elastic inner layer 5 made of elastic materials enables the roller 2 to form buffering when being impacted, changes the relative position of the hollow sleeve 7 at the roller 2, enables the roller 2 to better unload the impact force through rotation, and avoids the damage of the rotating structure of the roller 2 caused by overlarge impact force of vehicles before rotating; the plurality of radial cavities 6 further increase the elasticity of the drum 2 when being impacted; the hollow sleeve is made of a material with a low friction coefficient, so that the roller 2 can rotate relatively easily, and the guiding performance of the roller 2 to a vehicle is enhanced.
The elastic inner layer 5 is a closed honeycomb structure, is made of elastic materials, and can be made of rubber materials, nylon plates, polyurethane foaming plastics or other novel composite elastic materials. The elastic inner layer 5 made of elastic material can deform to a certain degree when being pressed by external force; the elastic inner layer 5 of the honeycomb structure forms a plurality of airtight small cavities inside, and the small cavities support the honeycomb structure by pressure to prevent the honeycomb structure from being damaged when the compression is larger; meanwhile, the honeycomb structure is stable in structure, and damage to the elastic structure of the elastic inner layer 5 caused by overlarge impact force is further prevented.
The cavity 6 is filled with a half-full buffer, preferably fine sand. A gap for the buffer material 6 to move is reserved in the cavity 6 of the roller 2, so that the phenomenon that the hardness of the roller 2 is excessively increased due to fine sand filling is avoided; meanwhile, the weight of the roller 2 is increased by filling fine sand to increase the rotation resistance thereof, enhancing the deceleration effect.
The radius of the roller 2 is gradually reduced from top to bottom to form an inverted truncated cone shape, and the surface of the roller is smoothly connected with the top and bottom surfaces. When the roller 2 in the shape of the inverted circular truncated cone contacts a vehicle in collision, the upper cylinder surface is preferentially contacted, and then the vehicle presses the roller 2 to be contacted with the lower cylinder surface, because the elastic inner layer 5 is made of elastic materials and matched with the elasticity of the rubber cylinder, the roller 2 rotates and guides the driving direction of the vehicle to apply a reaction force in an inclined downward direction to the roller, and the possibility of side turning of the vehicle is effectively reduced; the smooth connection of the cylinder surface and the upper and lower bottom surfaces further strengthens the pressure resistance of the roller 2, and further, the roller 2 can be designed into a spindle shape.
The device also comprises an upright post 4 fixed with the ground, and the arc-shaped guard rail 1 is in threaded connection with a U-shaped plate encircling the upright post 4; the upright post 4 is positioned at the inner side of the arc-shaped protective guard 1, and the other side of the upright post 4 is provided with a reinforcing protective guard 3; a through hole is formed in the central axis of the roller 2, and the upright post 4 penetrates through the hollow sleeve 7 to be rotatably sleeved with the roller 2; the upright post 4 is provided with a limiting disc 8. The traditional guardrail has the advantages that the direct damage caused by the collision between a vehicle and the guardrail needs to be reduced, and the rigidity of the guardrail cannot be too high; the involute-shaped guard rail 1 can guide the vehicle impact direction due to the shape of the involute-shaped guard rail, so that the deformation resistance of the involute-shaped guard rail can be increased by arranging the reinforcing guard rail 3, and the probability of guide function loss caused by deformation of the guard rail 1 is reduced; limiting discs 8 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the roller 2 on the upright post 4 to limit the up-and-down displacement of the roller 2 on the upright post 4, so that the roller 2 in the shape of the inverted frustum can provide a downward pressure to a vehicle under the action of the limiting discs 8 to prevent the vehicle from turning over; furthermore, the distance between the upper and lower limiting discs 8 is slightly larger than the height of the roller 2, so that the upper and lower limiting discs can slide up and down on the upright post 4 to a certain extent.
A method for protecting an opening section of a central separation zone of an expressway is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. determining the installation position of the protective device according to the length and the width of the opening section;
b. manufacturing a protection device, wherein the protection device comprises an arc-shaped guard rail 1, a guard rail straight line section 9, a reinforced guard rail 3, an upright post 4 and a roller 2, and the roller 2 comprises a hollow sleeve 7, an elastic inner layer 5 and a cavity 6;
c. and (3) mounting a protection device, mounting an arc-shaped guard rail 1 on the right side of an opening end facing the vehicle running direction, mounting a guard rail straight line section 9 on the left side, and mounting a reinforcing guard rail 3, a stand column 4 and a roller 2.
A tangent line formed on the surface of the roller 2 is in an involute shape, and a buffer material is filled in the cavity 6; the closer the roller 2 is to the straight line segments 9 of the guard rail, the more closely the roller is arranged, and the smaller the radius of the roller surface is.
Because the gradual change distance of the arc-shaped protective guard 1 is shorter, the opening section position and the opening length are more flexibly arranged, and the design and construction are convenient. When a vehicle collides, the vehicle is sequentially stressed along an involute formed by the arc protective guard 1 and the roller 2, so that the vehicle can roll around the involute protective plate more easily instead of colliding directly; at the same time, the elastic structure of the roller 2 consisting of the elastic inner layer 5, the cavity 6 and the rubber is designed to better guide the driving direction of the vehicle through rotation in the collision. The roller 2 with the inverted circular truncated cone shape applies a reaction force in an inclined downward direction to the roller when being collided and pressed by a vehicle, so that the rollover probability of the vehicle is reduced.
Referring to fig. 5, an arrow in fig. 5 indicates a running direction of an out-of-control vehicle, when the out-of-control vehicle runs, the temporary guardrail 10 located at the opening section is firstly impacted by the vehicle, and the vehicle continues to run forward after the temporary guardrail 10 is damaged by the impact, and the arc-shaped guardrail 1 effectively prevents the vehicle from being impacted and penetrating by the guardrail and guides the running direction of the vehicle.
Example two
Referring to fig. 4, the drum 2 is provided with an upper and a lower rollers on the same column 4, one of which is higher than the arc-shaped guard rail 1 and the other is lower than the arc-shaped guard rail 1; the lower roller 2 is cylindrical, and the upper roller 2 is in an inverted circular truncated cone shape; the radius of the upper end cylindrical surface of the upper roller 2 is the same as that of the lower end cylindrical surface of the lower roller 2. Further, the lower drum 2 may also be designed in the shape of an inverted circular truncated cone.
The difference from the first embodiment is that when a vehicle collision occurs, if the height of the vehicle is high, the vehicle is prone to rollover when colliding and contacting with the arc-shaped guard railing 1 and the roller 2 below; the rollers 2 higher than the arc-shaped protective barriers 1 are arranged, so that a higher supporting blocking section can be provided for the side face of a vehicle in collision, and the vehicle is prevented from turning over while the driving direction of the vehicle is guided in an auxiliary mode. And the design that the radius of the upper end cylinder surface of the upper roller 2 is the same as that of the lower end cylinder surface of the lower roller 2 ensures that the upper roller 2 can not contact with the car window when the vehicle is collided to be a vehicle with lower height, thereby avoiding the damage of the car window to the personnel.