CN112940829A - Antiwear hydraulic oil and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antiwear hydraulic oil and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
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- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic oil, and discloses anti-wear hydraulic oil and a preparation method thereof. The hydraulic oil comprises the following components: 80-99 parts of coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil, 0.2-2 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.2-2 parts of antioxidant and metal deactivator0.01-0.2 weight part, 0.03-0.5 weight part of antifoaming agent and 0.01-0.2 weight part of detergent dispersant; wherein the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil is 25-110mm2The pour point is less than or equal to minus 30 ℃ and the viscosity index is more than or equal to 140. The invention widens the source of raw materials for producing the base oil of the hydraulic oil in China, and the prepared hydraulic oil has higher viscosity index, good abrasion resistance and oxidation stability, can prolong the service life of the hydraulic oil and hydraulic elements, and improves the working efficiency of hydraulic machinery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic oil, in particular to anti-wear hydraulic oil and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Hydraulic oil generally plays roles in energy transfer, system lubrication, corrosion prevention, rust prevention, cooling and the like in a hydraulic system. With the continuous development of hydraulic system technology, in order to ensure the smooth work of precision components, the quality requirement of hydraulic systems on hydraulic oil is higher and higher.
The hydraulic oil generally consists of base oil and a small amount of additives, wherein the base oil is a base for preparing high-performance hydraulic oil, the base oil used for the hydraulic oil at present is mineral oil II or mineral oil III, and the mineral oil contains oxynitride and is very easy to be oxidized and emulsified, so that the hydraulic oil is easy to age and deteriorate, has poor oxidation resistance, short service life and frequent replacement times, influences the working efficiency of hydraulic machinery and is difficult to completely meet the requirements of the hydraulic machinery.
CN111019743A discloses coal-based total synthesis low-temperature hydraulic oil and a preparation method thereof, wherein the hydraulic oil comprises 98.0-99.5 wt% of base oil; 0.1 to 0.4 weight percent of extrusion antiwear agent; 0.05 to 0.3 weight percent of antioxidant; 0.1-0.5 wt% of metal deactivator; 0.1-0.5 wt% of anticorrosive and antirust agent; 0.05-0.4 wt% of cleaning dispersant; 0-0.1 wt% of pour point depressant, and 100% of total mass of all components. Wherein the base oil comprises 60-90 wt% of coal III + CTL4 base oil, 0-25 wt% of coal poly-alpha-olefin PAO40 base oil and 0-5 wt% of coal poly-alpha-olefin PAO150 base oil. The base oil of the hydraulic oil is all coal-based synthetic oil, although the hydraulic oil can have proper viscosity and higher viscosity index without a viscosity index improver, has good shear resistance, heat resistance and oxidation resistance, and prolongs the oil change period, the PAO base oil has high viscosity, larger processing difficulty and higher cost, and is not suitable for popularization.
Therefore, it is desired to provide an energy-saving environment-friendly high-performance antiwear hydraulic oil which has good lubricating performance and oxidation stability, can prolong the service life of hydraulic oil and hydraulic components, reduce the oil change times and improve the working efficiency of hydraulic machinery.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of poor oxidation resistance, frequent oil change, short service life and low working efficiency of hydraulic machinery of the anti-wear hydraulic oil in the prior art, and provides the anti-wear hydraulic oil and a preparation method thereof. The hydraulic oil prepared from the hydraulic oil has higher viscosity index, good abrasion resistance and oxidation stability, can prolong the service life of the hydraulic oil and hydraulic elements, and improves the working efficiency of hydraulic machinery.
In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides an antiwear hydraulic oil, including: 80-99 parts of coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil, 0.2-2 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.2-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.01-0.2 part of metal deactivator, 0.03-0.5 part of antifoaming agent and 0.01-0.2 part of detergent dispersant; wherein the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil is 25-110mm2The pour point is less than or equal to minus 30 ℃ and the viscosity index is more than or equal to 140.
In a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing a coal-based antiwear hydraulic oil according to the first aspect of the present invention, the method comprising: firstly, mixing at least two coal-based liquefied hydrogenated base oils with different kinematic viscosity grades for the first time to obtain coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated blended base oil; then adding an extrusion antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator and a detergent dispersant into the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenation blending base oil for second mixing to obtain a mixed oil product; and finally, adding the anti-foaming agent into the mixed oil product for mixing for the third time to obtain the anti-wear hydraulic oil.
Through the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the anti-wear hydraulic oil liquid provided by the invention is compounded by coal liquefaction hydrogenation base oil and a specific additive, so that the prepared hydraulic oil has higher viscosity index, good anti-wear performance and oxidation stability, the service lives of the hydraulic oil and hydraulic elements can be prolonged, the working efficiency of hydraulic machinery is improved, the sources of raw materials for producing the base oil of the hydraulic oil in China are widened, and the anti-wear hydraulic oil liquid is suitable for industrial popularization.
Detailed Description
The endpoints of the ranges and any values disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to encompass values close to those ranges or values. For ranges of values, between the endpoints of each of the ranges and the individual points, and between the individual points may be combined with each other to give one or more new ranges of values, and these ranges of values should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.
The invention discloses a first aspect of antiwear hydraulic oil, which comprises: 80-99 parts of coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil, 0.2-2 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.2-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.01-0.2 part of metal deactivator, 0.03-0.5 part of antifoaming agent and 0.01-0.2 part of detergent dispersant, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil at 40 ℃ is 25-110mm2The pour point is less than or equal to minus 30 ℃ and the viscosity index is more than or equal to 140.
In a preferred embodiment, the content of sulfur in the coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated blending base oil is less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and the content of nitrogen is less than or equal to 1 mu g/g.
In a preferred embodiment, the coal-indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil comprises at least two coal-indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oils with different kinematic viscosities, and further preferably comprises two coal-indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oils with different kinematic viscosities.
The hydrogenated base oil is hydrogenated oil obtained by carrying out hydrogenation pretreatment on the hydrogenated base oil to obtain a fraction with the temperature of more than 350 ℃, carrying out hydroisomerization treatment and hydrogenation saturation atmospheric and vacuum distillation treatment in sequence to remove light components with the temperature of less than 350 ℃, and finally carrying out cutting treatment and optional solvent dewaxing treatment.
The method is not specially limited for coal indirect liquefaction, hydrogenation pretreatment, hydroisomerization treatment, hydrogenation saturation treatment, atmospheric and vacuum distillation treatment, cutting treatment and solvent dewaxing treatment, and can be operated according to the prior art, and the method is not described in detail. Specifically, 1) firstly gasifying coal into synthesis gas, and forming liquid hydrocarbon by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of the synthesis gas under the action of a catalyst; 2) carrying out hydrogenation pretreatment on the obtained liquid hydrocarbon, then carrying out fraction cutting, and separating to obtain a fraction with the temperature of more than 350 ℃; 3) carrying out hydroisomerization treatment on the fraction with the temperature of more than 350 ℃ obtained by separation, and converting normal paraffin into isoparaffin; 4) carrying out hydrogenation saturation treatment on the obtained isoparaffin again to convert unsaturated components into saturated components, and then carrying out reduced pressure distillation to remove light components below 350 ℃; 5) cutting the product obtained in the step 4) according to a certain distillation range to obtain the coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil.
Wherein, according to the difference of the cutting distillation range in the step (5), the coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil with different kinematic viscosities can be obtained. For example, when the cutting temperature is 550 ℃ to 630 ℃, a kinematic viscosity of 20mm at 100 ℃ can be obtained2The coal No. 20 indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil has the advantages of/s, pour point of-35 ℃, viscosity index of 160, sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g and nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g; when the cutting temperature is 500 ℃ or more and less than 550 ℃, a kinematic viscosity of 10mm at 100 ℃ can be obtained2The number 10 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil has the advantages of/s, pour point of-45 ℃, viscosity index of 155, sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g and nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g; when the cutting temperature is more than 450 ℃ and less than 500 ℃, the kinematic viscosity of 6mm at 100 ℃ can be obtained2The number 6 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil has the advantages of/s, pour point of-50 ℃, viscosity index of 150, sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g and nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g; when cutting temperature is highWhen the temperature is more than 400 ℃ and less than 450 ℃, the kinematic viscosity at 100 ℃ of 4mm can be obtained2And/s, pour point of-50 ℃, viscosity index of 140, sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and is the hydrogenated base oil for indirect liquefaction of No. 4 coal.
The coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil in the invention can be purchased commercially or prepared according to the prior art, and the invention is not particularly limited to this. When the indirect coal liquefaction hydrogenated base oil is No. 20 indirect coal liquefaction hydrogenated base oil, the No. 20 indirect coal liquefaction hydrogenated base oil is preferably subjected to dewaxing treatment. In the present invention, the dewaxing treatment method and the dewaxing degree are not particularly limited, and the dewaxing treatment may be carried out according to the conventional operations in the art, and it is preferable to remove residual wax by using a solvent.
In the invention, coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil with different kinematic viscosities is blended to obtain the coal hydrogenated base oil with the kinematic viscosity of 25-110mm at 40 DEG C2The coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated blending base oil has the advantages of a pour point of less than or equal to minus 30 ℃, a viscosity index of more than or equal to 140, a sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g and a nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g.
The blending amount of the coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil with different kinematic viscosities is not particularly limited, and the blending amount of the coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil can be obtained. The indirect coal liquefaction hydrogenated blended base oil is utilized to prepare the hydraulic oil, so that the production cost can be reduced, the source of the hydraulic oil base oil is widened, the adaptability between the base oil and an additive can be improved, the requirements of the hydraulic oil on high temperature and low temperature are met, and the performance of the hydraulic oil is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the hydraulic oil includes: 95-98.5 parts of coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil, 0.45-0.65 part of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.45-0.65 part of antioxidant, 0.08-0.16 part of metal deactivator, 0.1-0.2 part of antifoaming agent and 0.1-0.2 part of detergent dispersant, wherein the kinematic viscosity of the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil at 40 ℃ is 30-100mm2The pour point is less than or equal to minus 45 ℃ and the viscosity index is more than or equal to 150.
Wherein, the proper amount of additive has the function of enhancing the performance of the hydraulic oil. If the amount of the additive is too large, not only the production cost is increased, but also the reinforcing effect is weakened; if the amount of the additive is too small, the reinforcing effect is lost when the additive is exhausted due to the loss of the additive during use, and the performance of the hydraulic oil is affected. The inventors of the present invention have studied to find that when the amounts of the base oil and the additive are controlled within the above ranges, the properties of the resulting antiwear hydraulic fluid are optimized.
In a preferred embodiment, the extreme pressure antiwear agent is selected from at least one of calcium hexadecyl sulfo-borate, tricresyl phosphate, n-butyl thiophosphate, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, and thioisobutylene, and is preferably calcium hexadecyl sulfo-borate.
In a preferred embodiment, the antioxidant is selected from the group consisting of dialkyldithiocarbamates and/or alkyldiphenylamines, preferably dialkyldithiocarbamates and alkyldiphenylamines; wherein the mass ratio of the dialkyl dithiocarbamate to the alkyl diphenylamine is 1: 1-4, preferably 1: 1.5-2.5.
Among them, the inventors have found through studies that, compared with a single type of antioxidant, the combination of the dialkyldithiocarbamate (T323) and the alkyldiphenylamine (T534) can enhance the oxidation stability of hydraulic oil with a reduced amount of the antioxidant, not only can slow down the chain transfer of radicals while decomposing peroxides, but also can effectively control the increased amount of acid value in the hydraulic oil, thereby reducing the corrosion to equipment.
In a preferred embodiment, the metal deactivator is selected from di-n-butylaminobenzotriazole (T551) and/or thiadiazole derivatives (T561), preferably di-n-butylaminobenzotriazole.
The inventor finds that the properties of the anti-wear hydraulic oil prepared by selecting different metal deactivators are different through research. When the di-n-butylaminobenzotriazole is selected as the metal deactivator, the di-n-butylaminobenzotriazole can react with metal ions to generate chelate, and a layer of protective film is formed on the surface of metal, so that the catalytic action of metal or other ions on oxidation is effectively inhibited, the oxidation resistance of the hydraulic oil is improved, meanwhile, the metal deactivator can generate a synergistic action after being mixed with other additives and base oil, and can also play a role of a copper corrosion inhibitor, an antiwear agent and an antirust agent, so that the comprehensive performance of the antiwear hydraulic oil is further improved, the service life of the hydraulic oil is prolonged, the oil change frequency is reduced, and the working efficiency of a hydraulic machine is improved.
In a preferred embodiment, the anti-foaming agent is a non-silicon type anti-foaming agent selected from acrylates and/or vinyl n-butyl ether, preferably acrylates.
The problem of the foam of the hydraulic oil is a key index directly related to whether a hydraulic system can be normally used, and generally, the foam of the hydraulic oil can cause unstable operation of the hydraulic system and increase the temperature of the hydraulic oil, thereby affecting the service life of the hydraulic oil. According to the invention, the non-silicon antifoaming agent is selected, so that the foam generation can be inhibited to the greatest extent while the good air release performance of the hydraulic oil is maintained, and the service life of the hydraulic oil is prolonged.
In a preferred embodiment, the detergent dispersant is at least one selected from the group consisting of high base number long chain alkyl sulfonate (RHY 106), polyisobutylene succinimide (RHY 154B), and alkyl phenate (T121), preferably a mixture of high base number long chain alkyl sulfonate and polyisobutylene succinimide, wherein the mass ratio of the high base number long chain alkyl sulfonate to the polyisobutylene succinimide is 1: 0.5-1.5.
The inventor finds that the high-base-number long-chain alkyl sulfonate can avoid the generation of sediments in the oxidation process of hydraulic oil through research; the polyisobutylene succinimide can dissolve substances such as oil sludge, carbon deposition and the like in the oil phase, so that the substances are convenient to filter and remove, and under the combined action of the polyisobutylene succinimide and the oil phase, the abrasion of a hydraulic system can be reduced, the anti-wear performance of hydraulic oil is improved, and the service life and the replacement period of the hydraulic oil can be prolonged.
In the invention, the base oil and various additives can mutually influence each other to generate a synergistic effect besides exerting the functions of the base oil and various additives, so that the prepared anti-wear hydraulic oil has higher viscosity index, good anti-wear performance and oxidation stability, the service lives of the hydraulic oil and hydraulic elements can be prolonged, and the working efficiency of hydraulic machinery is improved.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an antiwear hydraulic fluid according to the first aspect of the present invention, the method comprising: firstly mixing at least two coal liquefaction hydrogenation base oils with different kinematic viscosities for the first time to obtain coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenation blended base oil, then adding an extrusion antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator and a detergent dispersant into the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenation blended base oil for the second mixing to obtain a mixed oil product, and finally adding an antifoaming agent into the mixed oil product for the third mixing to obtain the antiwear hydraulic oil.
In a preferred embodiment, the first mixing is performed at 40-80 ℃ and at a rotation speed of 500-1000r/min for 30-120min, the second mixing is performed at 40-80 ℃ and at a rotation speed of 200-400r/min for 60-120min, and the third mixing is performed at 40-80 ℃ and at a rotation speed of 200-400r/min for 60-120 min.
In a preferred embodiment, after the third mixing is finished, filtering is carried out to remove particles larger than 10 μm in the anti-wear hydraulic oil, so as to improve the cleanliness of the anti-wear hydraulic oil; the filtration is preferably a lube oil tertiary filtration.
The present invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the kinematic viscosity of the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenation base oil A at 100 ℃ is 20mm2(ii) a/s, a pour point of-35 ℃, a viscosity index of 160, a sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and a nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g;
10 # coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil with kinematic viscosity of 10mm at 100 DEG C2(ii) a/s, a pour point of-45 ℃, a viscosity index of 155, a sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and a nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g;
no. 6 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil with kinematic viscosity of 6mm at 100 DEG C2(ii) a/s, a pour point of-50 ℃, a viscosity index of 150, a sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and a nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g;
no. 4 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil with kinematic viscosity of 4mm at 100 DEG C2The pour point is-50 ℃, the viscosity index is 140, the sulfur content is less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and the nitrogen content is less than or equal to 1 mu g/g.
The coal liquefaction hydrogenation base oil used in the examples is prepared by a laboratory, and the preparation process is as follows: 1) firstly gasifying coal into synthesis gas, and forming liquid hydrocarbon by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of the synthesis gas under the action of a catalyst; 2) carrying out hydrogenation pretreatment on the obtained liquid hydrocarbon, then carrying out fraction cutting, and separating to obtain a fraction with the temperature of more than 350 ℃; 3) carrying out hydroisomerization treatment on the fraction with the temperature of more than 350 ℃ obtained by separation, and converting normal paraffin into isoparaffin; 4) carrying out hydrogenation saturation treatment on the obtained isoparaffin again to convert unsaturated components into saturated components, and then carrying out atmospheric and vacuum distillation to remove light components below 350 ℃; 5) performing molecular distillation cutting on the product obtained in the step 4) according to the distillation ranges of 550-630 ℃, more than 500 ℃ and less than 550 ℃, more than 450 ℃ and less than 500 ℃, and more than 400 ℃ and less than 450 ℃ respectively to correspondingly obtain No. 20 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil, No. 10 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil, No. 6 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil and No. 4 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil; 6) and (3) carrying out solvent dewaxing treatment on the No. 20 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil to obtain the No. 20 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil after dewaxing, and marking as coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil A.
Example 1
(1) Adding 55g of coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil A and 45g of No. 10 coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oil into a reaction kettle, stirring at 40 ℃ for 120min at the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain the product with the kinematic viscosity of 97.87mm at 40 DEG C2The coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated blend base oil has the pour point of minus 45 ℃, the viscosity index of 155, the sulfur content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g and the nitrogen content of less than or equal to 1 mu g/g;
(2) adding 0.55g of calcium hexadecyl sulfo-borate, 0.18g of dialkyl dithiocarbamate (T323) and 0.37g of alkyl diphenylamine (T534), 0.1g of di-n-butyl aminobenzotriazole (T551), 0.05g of high-base-number long-chain alkyl sulfonate (RHY 106) and 0.05g of polyisobutylene succinimide (RHY 154B) into 98.5g of coal indirect liquefaction blended base oil, and stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min for 60min to obtain a mixed oil product;
(3) and (3) adding 0.15g of acrylate into the mixed oil product obtained in the step (2), stirring at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 60min at the temperature of 60 ℃, and then carrying out three-stage filtration to obtain the anti-wear hydraulic oil.
The obtained antiwear hydraulic oil was subjected to a performance test, and the results thereof are shown in table 1.
Example 2
(1) Adding 80g of No. 6 coal liquefied hydrogenated base oil and 20g of coal liquefied hydrogenated base oil A into a reaction kettle, and stirring at 40 ℃ at a rotating speed of 600r/min for 60min to obtain the coal liquefied hydrogenated base oil A with the kinematic viscosity of 42.27mm at 40 DEG C2The pour point is-51 ℃, the viscosity index is 160, the sulfur content is less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and the nitrogen content is less than or equal to 1 mu g/g;
(2) adding 0.55g of calcium hexadecyl sulfo-borate, 0.18g of dialkyl dithiocarbamate (T323) and 0.37g of alkyl diphenylamine (T534), 0.1g of di-n-butyl aminobenzotriazole (T551), 0.05g of high-base-number long-chain alkyl sulfonate (RHY 106) and 0.05g of polyisobutylene succinimide (RHY 154B) into 98.5g of coal indirect liquefaction blended base oil, and stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min for 60min to obtain a mixed oil product;
(3) and (3) adding 0.15g of acrylate into the mixed oil product obtained in the step (2), stirring at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 60min at the temperature of 60 ℃, and then carrying out three-stage filtration to obtain the anti-wear hydraulic oil.
The obtained antiwear hydraulic oil was subjected to a performance test, and the results thereof are shown in table 1.
Example 3
(1) Adding 50g of No. 4 coal liquefied hydrogenated base oil and 50g of No. 10 coal liquefied hydrogenated base oil into a reaction kettle, stirring at 60 ℃ for 60min at the rotating speed of 600r/min to obtain the mixture with the kinematic viscosity of 30.63mm at 40 DEG C2The pour point is-49 ℃, the viscosity index is 153, the sulfur content is less than or equal to 1 mu g/g, and the nitrogen content is less than or equal to 1 mu g/g;
(2) adding 0.55g of calcium hexadecyl sulfo-borate, 0.18g of dialkyl dithiocarbamate (T323) and 0.37g of alkyl diphenylamine (T534), 0.1g of di-n-butyl aminobenzotriazole (T551), 0.05g of high-base-number long-chain alkyl sulfonate (RHY 106) and 0.05g of polyisobutylene succinimide (RHY 154B) into 98.5g of coal indirect liquefaction blended base oil, and stirring at the temperature of 60 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600r/min for 60min to obtain a mixed oil product;
(3) and (3) adding 0.15g of acrylate into the mixed oil product obtained in the step (2), stirring at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 60min at the temperature of 60 ℃, and then carrying out three-stage filtration to obtain the anti-wear hydraulic oil.
The obtained antiwear hydraulic oil was subjected to a performance test, and the results thereof are shown in table 1.
Example 4
The process according to example 1 is distinguished by:
in the step (2), the dialkyl dithiocarbamate (T323) is not added, the dosage of the alkyl diphenylamine (T534) is 0.55g, and the performance test is carried out on the obtained antiwear hydraulic oil, and the results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the anti-wear hydraulic oil prepared by the invention has the characteristics of small grinding scar diameter, high oxidation resistance, low pour point and high viscosity index, and is far superior to the technical requirements of GB1111.81-2011 on L-HM anti-wear hydraulic oil with different viscosity grades. The diameter of the grinding crack is small, the oxidation resistance is high, the hydraulic oil is not easy to oxidize and deteriorate under the working conditions of high temperature and high pressure, and the service life is long; the low pour point can ensure that the hydraulic oil has good low-temperature fluidity, so that the low-temperature startability is good, and the low-temperature hydraulic oil is suitable for lower environmental temperature; the high viscosity index can ensure that power can be accurately and flexibly transmitted under the condition that the working temperature is changed, and normal lubrication of hydraulic elements is ensured. Meanwhile, the invention widens the source of raw materials for producing the hydraulic oil base oil in China and improves the added value of the coal-based hydrogenated base oil.
By comparing the results of example 4 and example 1, it can be seen that when the dialkyl dithiocarbamate is not added to the antioxidant, although the total acid value of the hydraulic oil after 1500h is slightly reduced (from 0.04mg/g to 0.03mg/g), the increase of the oil sludge after 1500h is more obvious (from 0.18mg to 0.35g), and the combined effect shows that the combined use effect of the dialkyl dithiocarbamate and the alkyl diphenylamine is better.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above in detail, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the invention, many simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable way, and these simple modifications and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the invention, and all fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An antiwear hydraulic oil, comprising: 80-99 parts of coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil, 0.2-2 parts of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.2-2 parts of antioxidant, 0.01-0.2 part of metal deactivator, 0.03-0.5 part of antifoaming agent and 0.01-0.2 part of detergent dispersant; wherein the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil is 25-110mm2The pour point is less than or equal to minus 30 ℃ and the viscosity index is more than or equal to 140.
2. The antiwear hydraulic oil according to claim 1, wherein said hydraulic oil comprises: 95-98.5 parts of coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil, 0.45-0.65 part of extreme pressure antiwear agent, 0.45-0.65 part of antioxidant, 0.08-0.16 part of metal deactivator, 0.1-0.2 part of anti-foaming agent and 0.1-0.2 part of detergent dispersant; wherein the kinematic viscosity at 40 ℃ of the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenated blending base oil is 30-100mm2The pour point is less than or equal to minus 45 ℃ and the viscosity index is more than or equal to 150.
3. The antiwear hydraulic oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated blend base oil comprises at least two coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oils of different kinematic viscosities.
4. The antiwear hydraulic oil of claim 3, wherein the coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated blend base oil comprises two coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated base oils of different kinematic viscosities.
5. The antiwear hydraulic fluid of any one of claims 1-4, wherein said extreme pressure antiwear agent is selected from at least one of calcium hexadecyl sulphoborate, tricresyl phosphate, n-butyl thiophosphate, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, and thioisobutylene, preferably calcium hexadecyl sulphoborate.
6. The antiwear hydraulic fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the antioxidant is selected from dialkyldithiocarbamate and/or alkyldiphenylamine, preferably dialkyldithiocarbamate and alkyldiphenylamine;
wherein the mass ratio of the dialkyl dithiocarbamate to the alkyl diphenylamine is 1: 1-4, preferably 1: 1.5-2.5.
7. Antiwear hydraulic oil according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the metal deactivator is selected from di-n-butylaminobenzotriazole and/or thiadiazole derivatives, preferably di-n-butylaminobenzotriazole.
8. The antiwear hydraulic fluid according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein said anti-foaming agent is a non-silicon type anti-foaming agent selected from acrylates and/or dialkyl phosphates, preferably acrylates.
9. The antiwear hydraulic oil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the detergent dispersant is selected from at least one of a high base number long chain alkyl sulfonate, polyisobutylene succinimide, and an alkyl phenate, preferably a mixture of a high base number long chain alkyl sulfonate and polyisobutylene succinimide;
preferably, the mass ratio of the high-base-number long-chain alkyl sulfonate to the polyisobutylene succinimide is 1: 0.5-1.5.
10. A method for preparing the antiwear hydraulic fluid of any one of claims 1-9, the method comprising: firstly, mixing at least two coal-based liquefied hydrogenated base oils with different kinematic viscosities for the first time to obtain coal indirect liquefied hydrogenated blended base oil; then adding an extrusion antiwear agent, an antioxidant, a metal deactivator and a detergent dispersant into the coal indirect liquefaction hydrogenation blending base oil for second mixing to obtain a mixed oil product; and finally, adding the anti-foaming agent into the mixed oil product for mixing for the third time to obtain the anti-wear hydraulic oil.
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