CN112939632B - Calcium ammonium nitrate production system - Google Patents
Calcium ammonium nitrate production system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112939632B CN112939632B CN202110068698.0A CN202110068698A CN112939632B CN 112939632 B CN112939632 B CN 112939632B CN 202110068698 A CN202110068698 A CN 202110068698A CN 112939632 B CN112939632 B CN 112939632B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
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Abstract
The invention provides a calcium ammonium nitrate production system, and belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production. The system comprises an ammonium nitrate production unit, a calcium nitrate production unit, a mixing concentration unit and a granulation unit, wherein the calcium nitrate production unit comprises a calcium nitrate reaction device, the calcium nitrate reaction device comprises a reaction tank, a baffle is arranged on the upper portion of the reaction tank close to the tank top, the baffle and the outer wall of the reaction tank surround to form a liquid collecting tank, a plurality of strip-shaped overflow ports are formed in the bottom of the liquid collecting tank on the tank wall of the reaction tank, and the overflow ports are distributed around the circumference of the tank wall of the reaction tank. The produced ammonium nitrate liquid and the calcium nitrate liquid are mixed, concentrated and granulated to produce the calcium ammonium nitrate granulated fertilizer. Wherein, in the calcium nitrate production process, because the overflow mouth is rectangular form, and around retort jar wall, the calcium nitrate solution is by retort upper portion ejection of compact all around, prevents that the calcium nitrate solution from by the ejection of compact of single export, leads to forming inherent liquid passage easily, reduces reaction efficiency, extravagant nitric acid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer production, and particularly relates to a calcium ammonium nitrate production system.
Background
Calcium ammonium nitrate is a novel high-efficiency compound fertilizer containing nitrogen and quick-acting calcium, has more comprehensive nutrients than ammonium nitrate, can be directly absorbed by plants, can prolong the flowering phase, promotes the normal growth of roots, stems and leaves, ensures the bright color of fruits, and increases the sugar content of the fruits.
For example, the Chinese patent No. 201410176494.9 discloses a method and a device for producing calcium ammonium nitrate, and specifically discloses a method for producing calcium ammonium nitrate by reacting nitric acid with calcium carbonate slag to generate calcium nitrate, water and carbon dioxide, mixing the calcium nitrate liquid and ammonium nitrate liquid according to a certain proportion, distilling and concentrating by medium-pressure steam, granulating by a disc granulator, cooling, screening and packaging to obtain the finished product of calcium ammonium nitrate. The calcium carbonate slag and nitric acid react in a neutralization tank, and the generated calcium nitrate crude liquid enters a settling tank for settling and then enters a filter pressing device for filter pressing to obtain the calcium nitrate liquid. In the invention, the calcium carbonate slag is adopted to contact and react with the nitric acid to generate the crude calcium nitrate solution, the reaction process belongs to an intermittent reaction, and a plurality of problems exist if continuous production of the calcium nitrate solution is realized.
The utility model discloses a chinese utility model patent of patent number 201621154398.5 provides a be applied to solid-liquid mixture continuous reaction ware of calcium nitrate production, including the reaction storehouse, be fixed with annular play liquid storehouse on the outer wall in reaction storehouse, annular play liquid storehouse is linked together through flange mouth and reaction storehouse, and annular play liquid storehouse's lower part is arranged in to the flange mouth, and the upper portion that annular goes out the liquid storehouse is provided with the reaction liquid discharge gate. The flange opening is obliquely fixed with a baffle, and the baffle and the flange opening form a clamping opening. Although the solid-liquid mixed material continuous reactor can realize the continuous contact reaction of the stone and the nitric acid, the following problems are present:
firstly, calcium nitrate solution generated after stone and nitric acid react contains easily-settled solid slag which is continuously deposited at a flange opening, so that the flange opening is easily blocked, normal discharging is influenced, and material overflow is caused;
secondly, the calcium nitrate solution is discharged from the flange opening, a fixed liquid channel is easily formed, namely, the nitric acid and the calcium nitrate solution flow out from the flange opening along the fixed channel, so that the contact area of the nitric acid and stone is reduced, the reaction rate is reduced, the content of the nitric acid in the discharging is increased, and the nitric acid is wasted.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a calcium ammonium nitrate production system, which solves the technical problems that a discharge port is easy to block and a fixed liquid channel is easy to form in the production process of a calcium nitrate solution in the prior art, so that the reaction rate is influenced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a calcium ammonium nitrate production system comprises an ammonium nitrate production unit, a calcium nitrate production unit, a mixing concentration unit and a granulation unit, wherein the calcium nitrate production unit comprises a calcium nitrate reaction device, the calcium nitrate reaction device comprises a reaction tank, a stone feeding pipe fitting and a gas-phase discharging pipe fitting are arranged at the top of the reaction tank, and a nitric acid feeding distributor is arranged at the bottom of the reaction tank; a baffle plate is arranged at the upper part of the reaction tank, close to the top of the reaction tank, a liquid collecting tank is formed by surrounding the baffle plate and the outer wall of the reaction tank, and a calcium nitrate discharging pipe fitting is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank; a plurality of overflow ports are formed in the tank wall of the reaction tank and close to the bottom of the liquid collecting tank, the overflow ports are distributed around the circumference of the tank wall of the reaction tank, and the overflow ports are long-strip-shaped and have the height larger than the width; the arc surface distance between two adjacent overflow ports is not more than 15 degrees, and the width of each overflow port is 0.5 cm-1.0 cm.
Preferably, the reaction tank is further provided with a solid-liquid boundary position detection assembly, the solid-liquid boundary position detection assembly comprises a heavy hammer, a winch, a steering pulley block and a traction rope, the heavy hammer is arranged in the reaction tank, the winch is installed on the outer wall of the reaction tank, the steering pulley block is fixed on the tank top of the reaction tank, one end of the traction rope is connected with the heavy hammer, the other end of the traction rope penetrates through the tank top of the reaction tank, is erected on the steering pulley block and is wound on the winch; the winch rotates, and the traction rope can be wound on or released from the winch so as to lift the heavy hammer in the vertical direction.
Preferably, be provided with the calibrated scale on the outer wall of retort, the haulage rope is close to the one end of capstan winch is provided with the pointer, the orthographic projection of pointer can with the calibrated scale coincidence.
Preferably, the calcium nitrate reaction device further comprises a limestone distribution device, wherein the limestone distribution device is arranged in the reaction tank and is positioned below the outlet of the stone feeding pipe; limestone distributing device include the pivot of vertical setting with rotate connect in the dispersion board of pivot lower extreme, the dispersion board can be under the effect of the limestone of whereabouts, follow the pivot is rotated.
Preferably, the dispersion plate is plow-shaped, and the middle part of the plate body is inwards twisted by 15-25 degrees.
Preferably, the calcium nitrate production unit further comprises a tail gas treatment device, the tail gas treatment device comprises an induced draft fan and a tail gas absorption tower, the induced draft fan is arranged on the gas-phase discharge pipe fitting, and a gas-phase inlet of the tail gas absorption tower is connected with an outlet end of the induced draft fan; the middle part of the tail gas absorption tower is provided with distributed fillers, the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower is provided with a circulating liquid tank, lime cream absorption liquid is filled in the circulating liquid tank, and a discharge end of the circulating liquid tank is provided with a circulating pump; and a discharge hole of the circulating pump is provided with a circulating pipe fitting and a discharge pipe fitting, the circulating pipe fitting is communicated with the upper part of the tail gas absorption tower, and the discharge pipe fitting is communicated with the upper part of the reaction tank.
Preferably, the tail gas treatment device further comprises a lime milk configuration groove, and a lime milk feeding pump is arranged at the discharge end of the lime milk configuration groove; the distribution filler comprises an upper layer filler and a lower layer filler, the circulating pipe is communicated with the upper part of the lower layer filler, and the outlet of the lime milk feed pump is communicated with the upper part of the upper layer filler.
Preferably, the mixing and concentrating unit comprises at least one evaporator, a mixing tank and a buffer tank which are connected through a material conveying pipe fitting, wherein the material conveying pipe fitting is obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle is 5-60 degrees.
Preferably, the conveying pipe fitting is also provided with a heat preservation piece.
Preferably, the granulation unit comprises a support, a crystallization roller, a feeding pipe and a scraper component, the crystallization roller is mounted on the support and can rotate along an axis, the crystallization roller is provided with a water cooling cavity, and a refrigeration medium is filled in the water cooling cavity; the feeding pipe is arranged above the crystallization roller and is connected with the mixing and concentrating unit; the feeding pipe is provided with a plurality of concentrated solution nozzles along the length direction of the pipe, and outlets of the concentrated solution nozzles are opposite to the outer wall of the crystallization roller; the scraper component is arranged on one side of the crystallization roller and is attached to the outer wall of the crystallization roller; the pulse pressurizing assembly is arranged on the feeding pipe and used for providing pulse pressure into the feeding pipe.
According to the technical scheme, the invention provides a calcium ammonium nitrate production system, which has the beneficial effects that: the ammonium nitrate granular fertilizer is prepared by sequentially arranging an ammonium nitrate production unit, a calcium nitrate production unit, a mixing and concentrating unit and a granulating unit, and granulating after mixing and concentrating the produced ammonium nitrate liquid and the calcium nitrate liquid. The calcium nitrate production unit comprises a calcium nitrate reaction device, the calcium nitrate reaction device comprises a reaction tank, a baffle is arranged on the upper portion of the reaction tank close to the tank top, the baffle surrounds a liquid collecting tank formed on the outer wall of the reaction tank, a plurality of overflow ports are formed in the bottom of the liquid collecting tank and wound on the circumference of the tank wall of the reaction tank, and the overflow ports are long and are highly larger than the width. Nitric acid is fed from the lower part of the reaction tank and reacts with stone which enters the reaction tank in advance to generate calcium nitrate solution. When the liquid level of the calcium nitrate solution rises to the bottom end of the overflow port, the calcium nitrate solution overflows from the overflow port into the liquid collecting tank and is discharged from the calcium nitrate discharging pipe fitting. Because the overflow mouth is rectangular form, calcium nitrate solution by the bottom overflow of overflow mouth gets into in the collecting tank, on the one hand, impurity such as building stones of big granule is held back in the retort, realizes continuous production, and on the other hand, impurity of small granule is difficult to overflow mouth department deposit, even the deposit, along with the rising of liquid level, the overflow mouth still can keep normal ejection of compact, effectively avoids the discharge gate to be blockked up, influences normal ejection of compact, causes the tank fault accident. More importantly, the calcium nitrate solution is discharged from the periphery of the upper part of the reaction tank, so that the calcium nitrate solution is prevented from being discharged from a single outlet to cause easy formation of an inherent liquid channel, the reaction efficiency is reduced, and the nitric acid is wasted. Experiments prove that when the calcium ammonium nitrate production system provided by the invention is used for producing the calcium nitrate liquid, the discharge port of the reaction tank is used for sampling, the concentration of nitric acid in the calcium nitrate liquid is stabilized at 2-5%, the concentration fluctuation of the nitric acid is greatly reduced, and the dosage of nitric acid and lime milk for neutralization is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block flow diagram of a calcium ammonium nitrate production system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the piping connections of a calcium ammonium nitrate production system.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a calcium nitrate reaction apparatus.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged view of the portion B shown in fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a schematic sectional view of a calcium nitrate reaction apparatus.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the granulating unit.
Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the portion C shown in fig. 7.
Fig. 9 is a side view of a pelletizing unit.
In the figure: the system comprises a calcium ammonium nitrate production system 10, an ammonium nitrate production unit 100, an ammonium nitrate contact reaction tower 110, an ammonium nitrate liquid intermediate tank 120, a calcium nitrate production unit 200, a calcium nitrate reaction device 210, a reaction tank 211, a stone material feeding pipe 2111, a gas phase discharging pipe 2112, a nitric acid feeding distributor 2113, a baffle 2114, a liquid collecting tank 2115, a calcium nitrate discharging pipe 2116, an overflow 2117, a solid-liquid boundary position detection assembly 2118, a weight 201, a winch 202, a turning pulley block 203, a fixed pulley 2031, a pulley mounting seat 2032, a traction rope 204, a dial 205, an indicator needle 206, a limestone distributing device 212, a rotating shaft 2121, a dispersion plate 2122, an induced draft fan 221, a tail gas absorption tower 222, a distribution filler 2221, a circulation liquid tank 2222, a circulation pump 2223, a circulation pipe 2224, a discharging pipe 2225, a lime milk preparation tank 223, a lime milk pump 2231, a mixing and concentration unit 300, a material conveying pipe 301, an evaporator 310, a mixing granulation tank 320, a buffer tank 330, a crystallization roller 400, a support 410, a crystallization roller 420, a feeding pipe 430, a scraper assembly 440, a concentrated feed liquid pulse spray nozzle assembly 431 and a pressurized feed pump assembly 450.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme and the technical effect of the invention are further elaborated in the following by combining the drawings of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, a calcium ammonium nitrate production system 10 for producing a calcium ammonium nitrate granulated fertilizer by mixing and concentrating a calcium nitrate solution and an ammonium nitrate solution includes an ammonium nitrate production unit 100, a calcium nitrate production unit 200, a mixing and concentrating unit 300, and a granulation unit 400.
And mixing and concentrating the produced ammonium nitrate liquid and the calcium nitrate liquid, and granulating to produce the calcium ammonium nitrate granular fertilizer. In one embodiment, the ammonium nitrate production unit 100 includes an ammonium nitrate contact reaction tower 110 and an ammonium nitrate liquid intermediate tank 120, dilute nitric acid and gaseous ammonia are contacted and neutralized in the ammonium nitrate contact reaction tower 110 to generate an ammonium nitrate liquid, and the generated ammonium nitrate liquid is stored in the ammonium nitrate liquid intermediate tank 120. The calcium nitrate production unit 200 is used to produce a calcium nitrate solution, and in this embodiment, nitric acid and limestone react in contact with each other to produce the calcium nitrate solution. The mixing and concentrating unit 300 is used for mixing and concentrating the ammonium nitrate solution and the calcium nitrate solution to obtain a supersaturated calcium ammonium nitrate concentrated solution. The granulation unit 400 is used for crystallizing supersaturated calcium ammonium nitrate concentrated solution to generate solid granular calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer.
Referring to fig. 3 and 6 together, the calcium nitrate production unit 200 includes a calcium nitrate reaction apparatus 210, the calcium nitrate reaction apparatus 210 includes a reaction tank 211, a stone material feeding pipe 2111 and a gas phase discharging pipe 2112 are disposed on the top of the reaction tank 211, and a nitric acid feeding distributor 2113 is disposed on the bottom. A baffle 2114 is arranged at the upper part of the reaction tank 211 close to the top of the tank, a liquid collecting tank 2115 is formed by the baffle 2114 and the outer wall of the reaction tank 211 in a surrounding mode, and a calcium nitrate discharging pipe 2116 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank 2115. On the jar wall of retort 211, be close to the bottom of collecting tank 2115 sets up a plurality of overflow mouth 2117, overflow mouth 2117 is around the circumference at retort 211 jar wall place distributes, overflow mouth 2117 is rectangular form, and highly is greater than the width. The arc distance between two adjacent overflow ports 2117 is not more than 15 degrees, and the width of each overflow port 2117 is 0.5 cm-1.0 cm.
For example, the overflow ports 2117 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the tank wall of the reaction tank 211, and for example, 24 to 72 elongated overflow ports 2117 are uniformly opened around the tank wall of the reaction tank 211. The long sides of the overflow ports 2117 are parallel to the axis of the reaction tank 211 or slightly inclined to both sides. The height of the overflow ports 2117 is not limited in principle, but it is desirable to ensure that the overflow ports 2117 are unobstructed and not easily blocked, preferably the height of the overflow ports is not less than 5cm, and the maximum height of the overflow ports should not exceed the height of the sump 2115. In order to prevent the impurities such as large stones from being discharged from the overflow 2117, the width of the overflow 2117 is not too large, and preferably, the width of the overflow 2117 is 0.5cm.
The arc surface distance between two adjacent overflow ports 2117 is not suitable to be too small, the discharge amount is too large when the arc surface distance is too small, the reaction residence time of stone and nitric acid is short, and the improvement of the reaction efficiency of the nitric acid is not facilitated. The overflow port 2117 is not too large, and an inherent liquid channel is easily formed in the stone material if the overflow port is too large, so that the contact area of the nitric acid and the stone material is reduced, and the reaction efficiency of the nitric acid is not improved. Preferably, the arc-shaped distance between two adjacent overflow ports 2117 is 5 to 10 °. It should be noted that the overflow ports 2117 may be uniformly distributed, or may be non-uniformly distributed within a certain range, and there is no significant difference in the improvement of the reaction efficiency of the nitric acid.
The overflow ports 2117 may be regular rectangles, or irregular shapes, such as circular arcs on the lower end surface, trapezoids with shorter lower ends, or triangles with upper base edges.
In this embodiment, nitric acid is fed from the lower portion of the reaction tank 211 through the nitric acid feed distributor 2113, and reacts with limestone previously introduced into the reaction tank 211 to generate a calcium nitrate solution. When the level of the calcium nitrate solution rises to the bottom end of the overflow port 2117, the calcium nitrate solution overflows from the overflow port 2117 into the liquid collecting tank 2115 and is discharged from the calcium nitrate discharge pipe 2116. Because overflow mouth 2117 is rectangular form, calcium nitrate solution by overflow mouth 2117's bottom overflow gets into in the collecting tank 2115, on the one hand, impurity such as the building stones of large granule is held back in the retort 211, realizes continuous production, and on the other hand, the impurity of small granule is difficult to overflow mouth 2117 department deposit, even the deposit, along with the rising of liquid level, the overflow mouth still can keep normal ejection of compact to wash out sedimentary impurity, effectively avoid overflow mouth 2117 is blockked up, influences normal ejection of compact, causes the tank collapse accident. More importantly, the calcium nitrate solution is discharged from the periphery of the upper part of the reaction tank 211, so that the calcium nitrate solution is prevented from being discharged from a single outlet to cause easy formation of an inherent liquid channel, the reaction efficiency is reduced, and the nitric acid is wasted. Experiments show that the calcium nitrate solution is prepared by adopting the calcium nitrate reaction device designed by the invention, and the content of nitric acid in a sample obtained by sampling at the position of the calcium nitrate discharging pipe 2116 is reduced by 30-50% compared with that of a reaction device with a single outlet, so that the reaction efficiency of nitric acid is greatly improved, and the dosage of nitric acid is reduced.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5 together, in a preferred embodiment, a solid-liquid boundary position detecting component 2118 is further disposed on the reaction tank 211, the solid-liquid boundary position detecting component 2118 includes a weight 201, a winch 202, a turning pulley block 203 and a traction rope 204, the weight 201 is disposed in the reaction tank 211, the winch 202 is mounted on an outer wall of the reaction tank 211, the turning pulley block 203 is fixed on a tank top of the reaction tank 211, one end of the traction rope 204 is connected to the weight 201, and the other end passes through the tank top of the reaction tank 211, is erected on the turning pulley block 203, and is wound on the winch 202. The winch 202 rotates, and the pulling rope 204 can be wound on the winch 202 or released from the winch 202, so that the weight 201 can be lifted and lowered in the vertical direction.
The solid-liquid boundary position detection assembly 2118 comprising the weight 201, the winch 202, the steering pulley block 203 and the traction rope 204 is arranged on the reaction tank 211, the winch 202 is rotated to release the traction rope 204 in the contact reaction process of the stone and the calcium nitrate, the weight 201 descends along the vertical direction under the steering action of the steering pulley block 203 until the lower surface of the weight 201 is in contact with the surface of the stone, the weight 201 stops descending, and at the moment, the stone level in the reaction tank 211 can be visually acquired through the displacement of the traction rope 204 relative to the winch 202. Along with the reaction, the stone material level descends, the heavy hammer 201 descends along with the stone material level, the current stone material level is tracked and detected, the reaction process is monitored, and effective data support is provided for selection of stone material supplement opportunities. Secondly, solid-liquid boundary position detection subassembly 2118 simple structure measures accurately, and is not fragile, compares that current level gauge or charge level indicator have unique advantage.
Further, in order to facilitate more visual observation of the boundary between limestone and calcium nitrate crude liquid in the reaction tank 211, a dial 205 is arranged on the outer wall of the reaction tank 211, an indicator 206 is arranged at one end of the traction rope 204 close to the winch 202, and the orthographic projection of the indicator 206 can coincide with the dial 205.
For example, when stone is loaded into the reaction tank 211, the winch 202 is rotated to wind the pulling rope 204 around the winch 202 and the weight 201 is located at the highest point, and at this time, the orthographic projection of the pointer 206 is located at the lower end of the scale 205, that is, at the highest point of the solid-liquid separation. After the stone filling is completed, the weight 201 is allowed to fall naturally, and the pointer 206 moves upward. When the weight 201 contacts the solid-liquid boundary position, the weight stops falling, and at this time, the displacement of the pulling rope 204 relative to the capstan 202, that is, the relative displacement of the pointer 206, is the current solid-liquid boundary position. As the solid-liquid reaction proceeds, the stone is consumed, the solid-liquid boundary position moves downwards, the heavy hammer 201 moves downwards, and the pointer 206 moves upwards to obtain the solid-liquid boundary position in the reaction process in real time.
In a preferred embodiment, the diverting pulley set 203 includes at least one fixed pulley 2031 and a pulley mounting base 2032, the pulley mounting base 2032 is fixed on the top of the reaction tank 211, and the fixed pulley 2031 is mounted in the pulley mounting base 2032. The traction rope 204 bypasses the fixed pulley 2031, so that on one hand, the traction rope 204 is prevented from contacting the wall of the reaction tank 211, the abrasion of the traction rope 204 is reduced, the service life of the traction rope 204 is prolonged, and on the other hand, the installation position of the heavy hammer 201 can be close to the middle of the reaction tank 211 as much as possible by using the steering pulley block 203, so that the measurement is more accurate.
In one embodiment, the area of the lower surface of the weight 201 is not less than 50cm 2 So that the heavy hammer 201 can be stably contacted with the upper surface of the stone, the measurement error caused by local protrusion or depression of the upper surface of the stone is reduced, and the accuracy of the measurement of the solid-liquid boundary position is improved.
In another embodiment, a lock is disposed on the winch 202, and in the measuring state, the lock is opened, and the winch 202 rotates to enable the weight 201 to fall normally. When the stone is fed, the weight 201 is lifted to the highest point, and the winch 202 is locked by the locking piece, so that the weight 201 is prevented from being pressed to the bottom of the stone in the stone feeding process.
Further, a return member is disposed on the winch 202, and the return member provides a return force to allow the pulling rope 204 to wind on the winch 202. The restoring force provided by the restoring member is smaller than the difference between the gravity of the weight 201 and the buoyancy of the weight 201 in the calcium nitrate solution.
The technical effects of the present invention will be further described below by specific experimental examples.
Comparative example 1
A reaction tank with a volume of 200m is arranged 3 And a calcium nitrate discharging pipe fitting, a stone material feeding pipe fitting, a gas phase discharging pipe fitting and a nitric acid feeding distributor are arranged on the reaction tank. Filling 2/3 volume of stone (the grain diameter of the stone is about 1 cm-3 cm) into a reaction tank, adding nitric acid with the mass concentration of 40% into the reaction tank through the nitric acid feeding distributor, reacting for a period of time, and detecting the nitric acid concentration of discharged materials at a calcium nitrate discharging pipe fitting after the discharged materials are stable. The concentration of nitric acid in the calcium nitrate solution is 2-15%.
Comparative example No. two
A reaction tank with a volume of 200m is arranged 3 And a stone feeding pipe fitting, a gas phase discharging pipe fitting and a nitric acid feeding distributor are arranged on the reaction tank. An annular liquid outlet bin is fixed on the outer wall of the reaction tank and communicated with the reaction bin through a flange port, the flange port is arranged at the lower part of the annular liquid outlet bin, and a reaction liquid discharge port is arranged at the upper part of the annular liquid outlet bin. The flange opening is obliquely fixed with a baffle, and the baffle and the flange opening form a clamping opening. Filling 2/3 volume of stone (the grain diameter of the stone is about 1 cm-3 cm) into a reaction tank, adding nitric acid with the mass concentration of 40% into the reaction tank through the nitric acid feeding distributor, reacting for a period of time, and detecting the nitric acid concentration of discharged materials at a calcium nitrate discharging pipe fitting after the discharged materials are stable. Calcium nitrate solutionThe concentration of the nitric acid in the solution is 2 to 15 percent.
Experimental example 1
A reaction tank 211 having a volume of 200m was provided 3 And a stone feeding pipe 2111, a gas phase discharging pipe 2112 and a nitric acid feeding distributor 2113 are arranged on the reaction tank 211. A liquid collecting groove 2115 is formed in the outer wall of the reaction tank 211, and a calcium nitrate discharging pipe 2116 is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting groove 2115. The bottom of the liquid collecting tank 2115 close to the tank wall of the reaction tank 211 is provided with 4 overflow ports 2117, and the overflow ports 2117 are distributed around the circumference of the tank wall of the reaction tank 211. The overflow port 2117 is long and has a height greater than a width. Stone (stone grain size about 1 cm-3 cm) with the volume of about 2/3 is filled in the reaction tank 211, nitric acid with the mass concentration of 40% is added into the reaction tank 211 through the nitric acid feeding distributor 2113, the reaction is carried out for a period of time, and after the discharging is stable, the concentration of the discharged nitric acid at the calcium nitrate discharging pipe 2116 is detected. The concentration of nitric acid in the calcium nitrate solution is 2-15%.
Experimental example two
The number of the overflow ports 2117 in the first experimental example was increased to 24, and the other conditions were not changed. The concentration of the nitric acid in the calcium nitrate solution is detected to be 2-10%.
Experimental example III
The number of the overflow ports 2117 in the second experimental example was increased to 36, and other conditions were not changed. The concentration of the nitric acid in the calcium nitrate solution is detected to be 2-7%.
Experimental example four
The number of the overflow ports 2117 in the second experimental example was increased to 72, and the other conditions were not changed. The concentration of nitric acid in the calcium nitrate solution is detected to be 2-12%.
With continued reference to fig. 6, in another preferred embodiment, the calcium nitrate reaction device 210 further comprises a limestone distribution device 212, wherein the limestone distribution device 212 is disposed in the reaction tank 211 and below the outlet of the stone material feeding pipe 2111. The limestone distributing device 212 includes a vertically disposed rotating shaft 2121 and a dispersing plate 2122 rotatably connected to a lower end of the rotating shaft 2121, and the dispersing plate 2122 can rotate along the rotating shaft 2121 under the action of falling limestone.
For example, the dispersion plate 2122 is plow-shaped, the middle part of the plate body is twisted inward by 15 ° to 25 °, and the dispersion plate 2122 is sleeved on the outer side of the rotating shaft 2121. That is to say, the plate body of dispersion plate 2122 is the curved surface, in the unloading in-process in succession, when the lime stone falls to dispersion plate 2122 plate body middle part, to decurrent impact force, thereby for dispersion plate 2122 provide with the tangent reaction force of board middle part action site promote dispersion plate 2122 around pivot 2121 and rotate this moment, lime stone raw materials slide to all around along dispersion plate 2122 plate body curved surface in the rotation process, the lime stone falls the back and distributes evenly, it is the toper to pile up to appear, thereby it is more clear to make the reaction interface, lime stone and nitric acid solution can fully contact, thereby be favorable to improving the production efficiency of calcium nitrate and further improve the production efficiency of calcium ammonium nitrate.
With reference to fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the calcium nitrate production unit 200 further includes a tail gas treatment device, the tail gas treatment device includes an induced draft fan 221 and a tail gas absorption tower 222, the induced draft fan 221 is disposed on the gas-phase discharge pipe 2112, and a gas-phase inlet of the tail gas absorption tower 222 is connected to an outlet end of the induced draft fan 221. The tail gas absorption tower 222 is provided with a distributed filler 2221 at the middle part, a circulating liquid tank 2222 at the bottom part, a lime milk absorption liquid filled in the circulating liquid tank 2222, and a circulating pump 2223 at the discharge end. A discharge port of the circulation pump 2223 is provided with a circulation pipe 2224 and a discharge pipe 2225, the circulation pipe 2224 is communicated with the upper part of the tail gas absorption tower 222, and the discharge pipe 2225 is communicated with the upper part of the calcium nitrate reaction tower 211.
Further, the tail gas treatment device further comprises a lime milk configuration tank 223, a lime milk supplement pump 2231 is arranged at the discharge end of the lime milk configuration tank 223, the distribution filler 2221 comprises an upper layer filler and a lower layer filler, the circulation pipe 2224 is communicated with the upper part of the lower layer filler, and the outlet of the lime milk supplement pump 2231 is communicated with the upper part of the upper layer filler.
In the reaction tank 211, the nitric acid is in contact with the limestone to react to generate calcium nitrate, and simultaneously, a large amount of CO is generated 2 The off-gas of the reaction tank 211 also contains a high concentration of nitric acid vapor, since the reaction is exothermic. Under the action of the induced draft fan 221, the tail gas generated in the reaction tank 211 enters the bottom of the tail gas absorption tower 222 through the tail gas discharge pipe 2112, contacts and absorbs the lime milk entering the tail gas absorption tower 222 from the upper part to generate calcium nitrate and calcium carbonate, and the lime milk is circularly absorbed and then is sent back to the reaction tank 211 through the discharge pipe 2225. On one hand, the tail gas of the reaction tank 211 can be fully contacted with the lime cream through the distribution filler 2221, so that the discharge amount of the tail gas of the reaction tank 211 and CO are reduced 2 On the other hand, realizes the recycling of nitric acid steam. CO 2 2 Finally, the tail gas is only exhausted from the top of the tail gas absorption tower 222, which is beneficial to the CO in the exhausted tail gas 2 And controlling the concentration index.
Absorbing lime milk absorption liquid which is nearly saturated is sent back to the reaction tank 211 through the discharging pipe 2225, and fresh lime milk is sent into the tail gas absorption tower 222 through a lime milk feeding pump 2231 so as to ensure that the lime milk circulation liquid in the circulation liquid tank 2222 is not supersaturated and ensure that CO is not supersaturated 2 And the absorption efficiency of nitric acid. Under the action of the circulation pump 2223, the lime milk in the circulation liquid tank 2222 is subjected to primary contact absorption with the tail gas of the reaction tank 211 through the lower-layer filler, and the tail gas subjected to primary absorption and the fresh lime milk are subjected to secondary absorption through the upper-layer filler, so that the CO in the discharged tail gas is further reduced 2 And the content of nitric acid.
In a preferred embodiment, the mixing and concentrating unit 300 comprises at least one evaporator 310, a mixing tank 320 and a buffer tank 330 connected by a material delivery pipe 301, wherein the material delivery pipe 301 is inclined at an angle of 5-60 °. Further, a heat insulation piece is arranged on the material conveying pipe fitting 301. During intermittent operation, the material in defeated material pipe fitting 301 all swiftly slips to the device of connecting in, reduces ammonium nitrate dense solution, calcium nitrate dense solution and calcium ammonium nitrate dense solution and is in defeated material pipe fitting 301 stagnation crystallization's risk avoids causing defeated material pipe fitting 301 regular jam, guarantee calcium ammonium nitrate's normal production.
Referring to fig. 7 to 9 together, in another preferred embodiment, the granulating unit 400 comprises a bracket 410, a crystallizing roller 420, a feeding pipe 430 and a scraper assembly 440, the crystallizing roller 420 is mounted on the bracket 410 and can rotate along an axis, the crystallizing roller 420 is provided with a water-cooling cavity, and a refrigerating medium is filled in the water-cooling cavity. The feed pipe 430 is disposed above the crystallization roller 420, and connected to the mixing concentration unit 300. The feeding pipe 430 is provided with a plurality of concentrated solution nozzles 431 along the length direction of the pipe, and the outlets of the concentrated solution nozzles 431 are opposite to the outer wall of the crystallization roller 420. The scraper assembly 440 is disposed at one side of the crystallization roller 420 and attached to the outer wall of the crystallization roller 420. The feed pipe 430 is provided with a pulse pressurizing assembly 450, and the pulse pressurizing assembly 450 is used for providing pulse pressure into the feed pipe.
The concentrated calcium ammonium nitrate solution from the mixing and concentrating unit 300 is fed into the feeding pipe 430, under the action of the pulse pressurizing assembly 450, the concentrated calcium ammonium nitrate solution passes through the concentrated solution nozzle 431, and is dripped onto the outer wall of the crystallization roller 420 in a pulse manner, cold water is filled in the water cooling cavity of the crystallization roller 420 to cool the concentrated calcium ammonium nitrate solution on the outer wall of the crystallization roller 420, the concentrated calcium ammonium nitrate solution is cooled and immediately crystallized into flaky solid particles, and along with the rotation of the crystallization roller 420, the scraper assembly 440 scrapes off the solid calcium ammonium nitrate on the outer wall of the crystallization roller 420, so that the granular calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer is formed. The concentrated liquid of the calcium ammonium nitrate is crystallized into a solid in the mode, and then the granular fertilizer of the calcium ammonium nitrate is generated, the prepared granular fertilizer of the calcium ammonium nitrate is consistent in size and specification, the granular fertilizer of the ammonium nitrate is not easy to bond after falling down, and in the prepared granular fertilizer of the calcium ammonium nitrate, the physical characteristic that the slurry of the calcium ammonium nitrate is easy to cool and crystallize is fully utilized, so that the slurry of the calcium ammonium nitrate is cooled and crystallized, and the preparation is convenient.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The production system of the calcium ammonium nitrate comprises an ammonium nitrate production unit, a calcium nitrate production unit, a mixing and concentrating unit and a granulating unit, and is characterized in that the ammonium nitrate production unit is used for generating an ammonium nitrate solution from dilute nitric acid and gas ammonia, the calcium nitrate production unit is used for generating a calcium nitrate solution through contact reaction of the nitric acid and limestone, the mixing and concentrating unit is used for mixing and concentrating the ammonium nitrate solution and the calcium nitrate solution to obtain a supersaturated calcium ammonium nitrate concentrated solution, and the granulating unit is used for crystallizing the supersaturated calcium ammonium nitrate concentrated solution to generate a solid granular calcium ammonium nitrate fertilizer;
the calcium nitrate production unit comprises a calcium nitrate reaction device, the calcium nitrate reaction device comprises a reaction tank, the top of the reaction tank is provided with a stone feeding pipe fitting and a gas-phase discharging pipe fitting, and the bottom of the reaction tank is provided with a nitric acid feeding distributor; a baffle is arranged at the upper part of the reaction tank close to the top of the reaction tank, a liquid collecting tank is formed by the baffle and the outer wall of the reaction tank in a surrounding manner, and a calcium nitrate discharging pipe fitting is arranged at the bottom of the liquid collecting tank; a plurality of overflow ports are formed in the tank wall of the reaction tank and close to the bottom of the liquid collecting tank, the overflow ports are distributed around the circumference of the tank wall of the reaction tank, and the overflow ports are long-strip-shaped and have the height larger than the width; the distance between the arc surfaces of two adjacent overflow ports is not more than 15 degrees, and the width of each overflow port is 0.5 cm-1.0 cm;
the mixing and concentrating unit comprises at least one evaporator, a mixing tank and a cache tank which are connected through a material conveying pipe fitting, wherein the material conveying pipe fitting is obliquely arranged, and the inclination angle is 5-60 degrees.
2. The system for producing calcium ammonium nitrate according to claim 1, wherein the reaction tank is further provided with a solid-liquid boundary position detection assembly, the solid-liquid boundary position detection assembly comprises a heavy hammer, a winch, a steering pulley block and a traction rope, the heavy hammer is arranged in the reaction tank, the winch is mounted on the outer wall of the reaction tank, the steering pulley block is fixed on the tank top of the reaction tank, one end of the traction rope is connected with the heavy hammer, the other end of the traction rope penetrates through the tank top of the reaction tank, is erected on the steering pulley block and is wound on the winch; the winch rotates, and the traction rope can be wound on or released from the winch so as to lift the heavy hammer in the vertical direction.
3. The calcium ammonium nitrate production system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a dial is provided on the outer wall of the reaction tank, and an indicator needle is provided at an end of the pulling rope near the winch, and an orthographic projection of the indicator needle can coincide with the dial.
4. The calcium ammonium nitrate production system of claim 1, wherein the calcium nitrate reaction device further comprises a limestone distribution device which is arranged in the reaction tank and is positioned below the outlet of the stone material feeding pipe; limestone distributing device include the pivot of vertical setting with rotate connect in the dispersion board of pivot lower extreme, the dispersion board can be under the effect of the limestone of whereabouts, follow the pivot rotates.
5. The calcium ammonium nitrate production system of claim 4, wherein the dispersion plate is plow-shaped, and the middle part of the plate body is twisted inwards by 15 to 25 degrees.
6. The calcium ammonium nitrate production system of claim 1, wherein the calcium nitrate production unit further comprises a tail gas treatment device, the tail gas treatment device comprises an induced draft fan and a tail gas absorption tower, the induced draft fan is arranged on the gas phase discharge pipe fitting, and a gas phase inlet of the tail gas absorption tower is connected with an outlet end of the induced draft fan; the tail gas absorption tower is provided with distributed fillers at the middle part and a circulating liquid tank at the bottom, lime milk absorption liquid is filled in the circulating liquid tank, and a circulating pump is arranged at the discharge end; and a discharge hole of the circulating pump is provided with a circulating pipe fitting and a discharge pipe fitting, the circulating pipe fitting is communicated with the upper part of the tail gas absorption tower, and the discharge pipe fitting is communicated with the upper part of the reaction tank.
7. The calcium ammonium nitrate production system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the tail gas treatment device further comprises a lime milk configuration tank, and a lime milk feed pump is arranged at a discharge end of the lime milk configuration tank; the distribution filler comprises an upper layer filler and a lower layer filler, the circulating pipe is communicated with the upper part of the lower layer filler, and the outlet of the lime milk feed pump is communicated with the upper part of the upper layer filler.
8. The system for producing ammonium calcium nitrate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pipe member is further provided with a heat insulating member.
9. The calcium ammonium nitrate production system of claim 1, wherein the granulation unit comprises a support, a crystallization roller, a feeding pipe and a scraper assembly, the crystallization roller is mounted on the support and can rotate along an axis, the crystallization roller is provided with a water cooling cavity, and a refrigerating medium is filled in the water cooling cavity; the feeding pipe is arranged above the crystallization roller and is connected with the mixing and concentrating unit; the feeding pipe is provided with a plurality of concentrated solution nozzles along the length direction of the pipe, and outlets of the concentrated solution nozzles are opposite to the outer wall of the crystallization roller; the scraper component is arranged on one side of the crystallization roller and is attached to the outer wall of the crystallization roller; the pulse pressurizing assembly is arranged on the feeding pipe and used for providing pulse pressure into the feeding pipe.
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