CN112935420A - Involute gear shaving cutter and three-dimensional modeling method and gear shaving processing method thereof - Google Patents
Involute gear shaving cutter and three-dimensional modeling method and gear shaving processing method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112935420A CN112935420A CN202110307478.9A CN202110307478A CN112935420A CN 112935420 A CN112935420 A CN 112935420A CN 202110307478 A CN202110307478 A CN 202110307478A CN 112935420 A CN112935420 A CN 112935420A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- involute
- tooth
- shaving cutter
- gear shaving
- gear
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F21/00—Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F21/28—Shaving cutters
- B23F21/288—Shaving cutters the cutting edges on consecutive teeth being helically arranged
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F19/06—Shaving the faces of gear teeth
Abstract
The involute gear shaving cutter is in a worm shape, spiral teeth are arranged on the surface of the involute gear shaving cutter, tooth surfaces on two sides of each spiral tooth are involute surfaces, and a plurality of cutting devices are arranged on the tooth surfaces on two sides of each spiral tooth. According to the corresponding three-dimensional modeling method, a tooth surface equation of involute surfaces on two sides of a helical tooth is established for a worm-shaped involute gear shaving cutter, and a tooth surface discrete dot matrix is obtained through calculation of the tooth surface equation; respectively fitting the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides based on the tooth surface discrete dot matrix; based on the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides, sewing to form a three-dimensional entity of the involute gear shaving cutter; and cutting devices are uniformly arranged on the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides. Adjusting the installation posture of an involute gear shaving cutter according to a corresponding shaving processing method; the involute gear shaving cutter rotates around the axis of the involute gear shaving cutter to drive the gear to be shaved to rotate, so that the involute gear shaving cutter and the gear to be shaved freely roll without backlash to complete shaving.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cutters, in particular to an involute gear shaving cutter, a three-dimensional modeling method and a shaving processing method thereof.
Background
The gear is an important basic part for mechanical transmission, wherein the involute gear is most widely applied, the processing efficiency and the processing precision of the involute gear are improved, and the reduction of the manufacturing cost is always the focus of attention in the gear manufacturing industry.
Shaving is one of the processes of gear machining for finishing gears after hobbing and heat treatment. Since the heat treatment may deform the gear, which may seriously affect the accuracy of the gear, the gear shaving process is required to correct the deformation caused by the heat treatment to ensure that the gear reaches the required accuracy. The common gear shaving cutter is in a gear shape, a plurality of chip grooves are formed in the tooth surface of a cutter body of the gear shaving cutter, a plurality of cutter teeth are formed, cutting edges are formed on two sides of each cutter tooth, and the gear shaving cutter cuts by utilizing tooth direction sliding motion and feeding motion when a spiral gear is meshed.
With the continuous improvement of the requirements on the product quality and the cost, the common gear shaving processing cutter can not meet the requirements, and therefore, a shaving cutter with higher processing precision and processing efficiency and lower manufacturing cost is urgently needed to be provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an involute gear shaving cutter, a three-dimensional modeling method and a shaving processing method thereof, which can effectively improve the processing precision and the processing efficiency of gear shaving and reduce the manufacturing cost of the cutter.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the involute gear shaving cutter is in a worm shape, spiral teeth are arranged on the surface of the involute gear shaving cutter, tooth surfaces on two sides of each spiral tooth are involute surfaces, and a plurality of cutting devices are arranged on the tooth surfaces on two sides of each spiral tooth.
Further, the normal projection of the cutting edge of the cutting device is a standard involute.
Further, the cutting device is a cutter tooth, and the cutter tooth is uniformly distributed on the tooth surfaces of two sides of the spiral tooth.
Furthermore, a chip groove is formed between adjacent cutter teeth on the tooth surfaces of two sides of the spiral tooth.
Further, the side wall of the chip groove is intersected with the tooth surface of the spiral tooth to form a cutting edge of the cutter tooth.
Further, the cutting devices are distributed on the two side tooth surfaces of the spiral tooth in a staggered mode.
The method for carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the involute gear shaving cutter comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a tooth surface equation of involute surfaces on two sides of a helical tooth aiming at a worm-shaped involute gear shaving cutter, and calculating through the tooth surface equation to obtain a tooth surface discrete dot matrix;
s2: respectively fitting the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides based on the tooth surface discrete dot matrix;
s3: based on the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides, sewing to form a three-dimensional entity of the involute gear shaving cutter;
s4: and cutting devices are uniformly arranged on the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
s5: the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides are uniformly provided with chip flutes.
The method for shaving the involute gear shaving cutter comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the installation posture of the involute gear shaving cutter;
s2: the involute gear shaving cutter rotates around the axis of the involute gear shaving cutter to drive the gear to be shaved to rotate, so that the involute gear shaving cutter and the gear to be shaved freely roll without backlash to complete shaving.
Further, the installation attitude comprises an installation angle;
the gear to be shaved is a straight-tooth cylindrical gear, and the installation angle is the helix angle of the involute gear shaving cutter;
the gear to be shaved is a helical gear, and the calculation formula of the installation angle a is as follows:
a＝b±c
in the formula, b is a helix angle of the involute gear shaving cutter, c is a helix angle of a gear to be shaved, the rotation directions of the gear to be shaved and the involute gear shaving cutter are different and take a plus sign, and the rotation directions of the gear to be shaved and the involute gear shaving cutter are the same and take a minus sign.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the worm-shaped profile is based on the worm-shaped profile, the cutter body is good in rigidity, and the relative sliding between the cutter and the tooth flank is large, so that the cutting force is large, the efficiency is higher, the machining efficiency and the machining precision of gear machining can be effectively improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic external view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a partial view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the process of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the gear shaving process of the present invention when the gear to be shaved is a helical gear;
FIG. 5 is a process diagram of the present invention for machining feed in the tooth height direction;
FIG. 6 is a process diagram of the present invention for machining feed in the tooth width direction;
the labels in the figure are: 1-involute gear shaving cutter, 11-tooth surface, 111-chip groove, 13-axis of involute gear shaving cutter, 2-gear to be shaved, 21-axis of gear to be shaved and 22-curve family.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 6, an involute gear shaving cutter 1, the involute gear shaving cutter 1 is in a worm shape, spiral teeth are arranged on the surface of the involute gear shaving cutter 1, both side tooth surfaces 11 of the spiral teeth are involute surfaces, and a plurality of cutting devices are arranged on both side tooth surfaces 11 of the spiral teeth.
Preferably, the normal projection of the cutting edge of the cutting device is a standard involute.
Preferably, the cutting device is a cutter tooth, and the cutter tooth is uniformly distributed on two side tooth surfaces 11 of the spiral tooth.
Preferably, a chip groove 111 is arranged between adjacent cutter teeth on the two side tooth surfaces 11 of the helical teeth.
Preferably, the side walls of the chip flutes 111 intersect the tooth faces 11 of the helical teeth to form the cutting edges of the cutter teeth. The upper top surface of the cutter tooth is positioned on the tooth surface, the cutting edge of the cutter tooth is positioned on the involute surface,
the tooth surface is provided with a chip groove 111, and the tooth surface and the side wall of the chip groove 111 form cutter teeth.
The sword tooth is the back of tooth along spiral line one side down, is the cutting edge along spiral line one side up, and the blade of sword tooth is the blade of cutting edge promptly.
Preferably, the cutting means are staggered on both flanks 11 of the helical teeth.
The center of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 is provided with a fixed shaft hole, and a key groove is arranged in the shaft hole.
The involute gear shaving cutter is simple to manufacture and low in cost, is based on a worm-shaped appearance, and has the advantages of good cutter body rigidity and large relative slippage between the cutter and the gear flank, so that the cutting force is large, the efficiency is higher, the machining efficiency and the machining precision of gear machining can be effectively improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. The axial diameter of the gear shaving cutter can be adjusted according to actual needs, and the rigidity of the cutter body is effectively improved.
The method for carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the involute gear shaving cutter comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a tooth surface equation of tooth surfaces 11 of involute surfaces on two sides of a spiral tooth aiming at a worm-shaped involute gear shaving cutter 1, and calculating through the tooth surface equation to obtain a tooth surface discrete dot matrix;
s2: respectively fitting the involute surface tooth surfaces 11 on the two sides based on the tooth surface discrete dot matrix;
s3: based on the tooth surfaces 11 of the involute surfaces on the two sides, a three-dimensional entity of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 is formed by sewing;
s4: cutting devices are uniformly arranged on the tooth surfaces 11 of the involute surfaces on the two sides.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
s5: the tooth flanks 11 of the involute surfaces on both sides are provided with chip flutes 111 uniformly. And finishing three-dimensional modeling.
The method for shaving the involute gear shaving cutter comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the installation posture of the involute gear shaving cutter 1;
s2: the involute gear shaving cutter 1 rotates around the axis 13 of the involute gear shaving cutter to drive the gear to be shaved 2 to rotate, so that the involute gear shaving cutter 1 and the gear to be shaved 2 can freely roll without backlash to complete shaving.
Based on the space meshing theory of two conjugate involute tooth flanks, the involute gear shaving cutter 1 drives the gear to be shaved 2 to make free meshing motion around the axis 21 of the gear to be shaved when making rotary motion around the axis 13 of the involute gear shaving cutter, and relative slippage is generated between tooth flank meshing points of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 and the gear to be shaved 2, so that the cutting edge of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 shaves a layer of metal from the tooth flank of the gear to be shaved 2, and the scraped metal chips enter the chip groove 111 under the washing of cutting fluid and flow out of the chip groove 111.
Shaving pressure exists between cutting devices on two side tooth surfaces 11 of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 and the tooth surface of the gear to be shaved 2; the two side tooth surfaces 11 of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 are shaved simultaneously.
The involute gear shaving cutter 1 rotates along the axis 13 of the involute gear shaving cutter and simultaneously performs feed motion towards the direction of the gear to be shaved 2. The involute gear shaving cutter 1 and the gear to be shaved 2 generate relative slippage between tooth surface mesh points, so that the cutting edge of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 shaves a layer of metal from the tooth surface of the gear to be shaved 2.
After the involute gear shaving cutter 1 is fed to a specified center distance along the direction of the gear to be shaved 2, the involute gear shaving cutter 1 needs to do reciprocating motion along the axial direction of the gear to be shaved 2 so as to shave the full tooth width.
Preferably, the installation attitude comprises an installation angle;
the gear to be shaved is a straight-tooth cylindrical gear, and the installation angle is the helix angle of the involute gear shaving cutter;
the gear to be shaved is a helical gear, and the calculation formula of the installation angle a is as follows:
a＝b±c
in the formula, b is a helix angle of the involute gear shaving cutter, c is a helix angle of a gear to be shaved, the rotation directions of the gear to be shaved and the involute gear shaving cutter are different and take a plus sign, and the rotation directions of the gear to be shaved and the involute gear shaving cutter are the same and take a minus sign.
The involute gear shaving cutter 1 can finish various involute cylindrical gears with the same modulus, and for the processing of cylindrical gears with different helix angles, only the installation angle of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 during gear shaving needs to be adjusted.
During gear shaving, the involute gear shaving cutter 1 rotates, and gradually performs feed motion along the tooth height direction of the gear to be shaved 2 from one end of the gear to be shaved 2 until the center distance between the involute gear shaving cutter 1 and the gear to be shaved 2 is a given center distance; in the process, the cutting edge of the involute gear shaving cutter 1 is contacted with the tooth surface of the gear 2 to be shaved at a certain point on the tooth surface, the cutting at the point on the tooth surface is completed, the next point is cut along with the feed motion, and finally the involute gear shaving cutter 1 completes the cutting of the curve family 22 on the tooth surface. After the feed movement reaches a given center distance, the gear shaving cutter must make a feed movement along the tooth width direction of the gear to be shaved 2 so as to shave the full tooth width.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an involute gear shaving cutter which characterized in that: the involute gear shaving cutter is in a worm shape, spiral teeth are arranged on the surface of the involute gear shaving cutter, the tooth surfaces on two sides of each spiral tooth are involute surfaces, and a plurality of cutting devices are arranged on the tooth surfaces on two sides of each spiral tooth.
2. An involute gear shaving cutter as claimed in claim 1 wherein: and the normal projection of the cutting edge of the cutting device is a standard involute.
3. An involute gear shaving cutter as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the cutting device is a cutter tooth, and the cutter tooth is uniformly distributed on the tooth surfaces of two sides of the spiral tooth.
4. An involute gear shaving cutter as claimed in claim 3 wherein: and a chip groove is arranged between the adjacent cutter teeth on the tooth surfaces on the two sides of the spiral tooth.
5. An involute gear shaving cutter as claimed in claim 4 wherein: the side wall of the chip pocket is intersected with the tooth surface of the spiral tooth to form a cutting edge of the cutter tooth.
6. An involute gear shaving cutter as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the cutting devices are distributed on the tooth surfaces on the two sides of the helical teeth in a staggered mode.
7. A method of three-dimensional modeling of an involute gear shaving cutter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4 wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a tooth surface equation of tooth surfaces of involute surfaces on two sides of a helical tooth aiming at a worm-shaped involute gear shaving cutter, and calculating to obtain a tooth surface discrete dot matrix through the tooth surface equation;
s2: respectively fitting the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides based on the tooth surface discrete dot matrix;
s3: based on the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides, sewing to form a three-dimensional entity of the involute gear shaving cutter;
s4: and cutting devices are uniformly arranged on the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides.
8. The method of three-dimensionally modeling an involute gear shaving cutter of claim 7, wherein: further comprising the steps of:
s5: the tooth surfaces of the involute surfaces on the two sides are uniformly provided with chip flutes.
9. A method of shaving an involute gear shaving cutter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: adjusting the installation posture of the involute gear shaving cutter;
s2: the involute gear shaving cutter rotates around the axis of the involute gear shaving cutter to drive the gear to be shaved to rotate, so that the involute gear shaving cutter and the gear to be shaved freely roll without backlash to complete shaving.
10. A method of shaving using an involute gear shaving cutter as claimed in claim 9, wherein: the mounting attitude comprises a mounting angle;
the gear to be shaved is a straight-tooth cylindrical gear, and the installation angle is the helix angle of the involute gear shaving cutter;
the gear to be shaved is a helical gear, and the calculation formula of the installation angle a is as follows:
a＝b±c
in the formula, b is a helix angle of the involute gear shaving cutter, c is a helix angle of a gear to be shaved, the rotation directions of the gear to be shaved and the involute gear shaving cutter are different and take a plus sign, and the rotation directions of the gear to be shaved and the involute gear shaving cutter are the same and take a minus sign.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110307478.9A CN112935420A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Involute gear shaving cutter and three-dimensional modeling method and gear shaving processing method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110307478.9A CN112935420A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Involute gear shaving cutter and three-dimensional modeling method and gear shaving processing method thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112935420A true CN112935420A (en) | 2021-06-11 |
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| CN202110307478.9A Withdrawn CN112935420A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Involute gear shaving cutter and three-dimensional modeling method and gear shaving processing method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN112935420A (en) |
Cited By (2)
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| CN114535716A (en) * | 2022-01-13 | 2022-05-27 | 重庆机床(集团)有限责任公司 | Worm gear tooth part shaving device and machining and mounting method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20210611 |
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