CN112934469B

CN112934469B - Method for separating and recovering heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore pulp

Info

Publication number: CN112934469B
Application number: CN202110225363.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王辛勤; 尹子豪; 卢来秀
Original assignee: Jiangxi Kuangxin Resources Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Jiangxi Kuangxin Resources Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-03-01
Filing date: 2021-03-01
Publication date: 2023-02-07
Anticipated expiration: 2041-03-01
Also published as: CN112934469A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of rare metal recovery, and particularly relates to a method for separating and recovering heavy metals such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore pulp. The invention aims to provide a method for separating and recovering heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium slurry, wherein the recovery rate of tantalum and niobium with fine particles (100-150 meshes) can be improved to be more than 60%. A method for separating and recovering heavy metals such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore slurry comprises the following steps: s1, conveying lithium ore slurry generated in an acidification size mixing working section of a lithium salt factory or lithium ore slurry generated in a ball-milling working section of a lithium concentrate ore dressing factory to a buffer pool; the invention achieves the effect of improving the recovery rate of the tantalum and niobium with fine particles (100-150 meshes) to more than 60 percent.

Description

Method for separating and recovering heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore pulp

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of rare metal recovery, and particularly relates to a method for separating and recovering heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore pulp.

Background

In recent years, with the popularization of lithium-ion electric vehicles and mobile communication, lithium resources around the world have been developed unprecedentedly. Lithium, tantalum, niobium, beryllium, rubidium and cesium are associated minerals in ore bodies, the distribution proportion of the lithium, tantalum, niobium, beryllium, rubidium and cesium in different ore bodies is different, and due to the difference of economic values and production processes of the lithium, tantalum, niobium, beryllium, rubidium and cesium in the ore bodies, the loss of part of associated ore resources cannot be avoided due to the difference of selection and smelting options in the ore dressing and smelting processes of enterprises. The tantalum-niobium resource is a precious metal material widely applied to the high and new technical fields of electronics, aviation, aerospace and the like, and belongs to the strategic reserve resource of the national military industry.

However, the tantalum selection is a world-level problem, the comprehensive yield of the international and domestic traditional production process is not more than 50%, and particularly the recovery rate of tantalum and niobium with fine particles (100-150 meshes) is not more than 20%.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for separating and recovering heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore pulp, wherein the recovery rate of tantalum and niobium with fine particles (100-150 meshes) can be improved to be more than 60%.

The invention is achieved by the following specific technical means:

a method for separating and recovering heavy metals such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore slurry comprises the following steps:

s1, conveying lithium ore slurry generated in an acidification size mixing working section of a lithium salt plant or lithium ore slurry generated in a ball milling working section of a lithium concentrate concentrating plant to a buffer pool;

s2, enabling the ore pulp in the buffer tank to flow to a lifting and selecting device through a pipeline, enabling heavy metal particles such as tantalum and niobium to be adsorbed on blankets due to the specific gravity of the heavy metal particles and the friction force of blankets on the surfaces of chutes in the lifting and selecting device when the ore pulp flows through the lifting and selecting device, enabling the ore pulp to flow into a backflow tank, and then stirring and refluxing the ore pulp into lithium ore pulp;

s3, when particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like on the blanket in the extracting and selecting equipment are adsorbed to a certain degree, stopping flowing ore pulp into the extracting and selecting equipment, starting a washing machine in the extracting and selecting equipment, washing the particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like on the blanket by using clear water, and flowing into a recovery tank together with the clear water;

s4, precipitating the slurry in the recovery tank to form bottom materials, namely heavy metal particles such as tantalum and niobium to be recovered, discharging the surface layer slurry into the precipitation tank, precipitating the slurry, enabling the overflow liquid to flow into the clear water tank, enabling the bottom precipitated substances to reach a certain concentration, stirring, pumping back into the backflow tank by using a water pump, and enabling the bottom precipitated substances to enter the lithium ore slurry, so that the maximum recovery of ore resources is facilitated.

The extraction and selection equipment in the step S2 comprises a chute, a feeding channel, a track, an electric trolley, a splitter box, a first discharging channel and a second discharging channel; the feeding channel is communicated with the buffer pool, a plurality of feeding holes are uniformly distributed in the feeding channel, a plurality of chutes are obliquely arranged on one side of the feeding channel, each chute corresponds to one feeding hole, and blankets are laid on the surfaces of the chutes; the chute is made of stainless steel material, and electromagnets are arranged at the bottom of the chute at intervals; the top of the feeding channel is provided with a first mounting frame, a plurality of first electric push rods are mounted on the first mounting frame, and the output ends of the first electric push rods are connected with a blocking piece through a first pull rope and used for blocking the feeding hole; one end of the chute, which is far away from the feeding channel, is hinged with a splitter box, and two adjacent splitter boxes are connected through a connecting rod; the chute on two sides is provided with a side retaining wall, one end of the side retaining wall is provided with a second mounting frame, a plurality of second electric push rods are mounted on the second mounting frame, and the output ends of the second electric push rods are connected with the connecting rod through second pull ropes; a first discharging channel is arranged below one end, far away from the feeding channel, of the chute and is communicated with the backflow tank, a second discharging channel is arranged below one end, far away from the chute, of the shunting groove and is communicated with the recovery tank; the top of the middle chute is provided with two tracks, an electric trolley is connected onto the tracks, the rear side of the electric trolley is provided with a transverse pipe, the bottom of the transverse pipe is uniformly communicated with a plurality of spray heads, and each spray head corresponds to one chute; the top of the side retaining wall is provided with a fixed pipe, one end of the fixed pipe is communicated with the clean water tank, and the other end of the fixed pipe is communicated with the transverse pipe through a hose.

Furthermore, the inclination angle of the chutes is 5-8 degrees, and the number of the chutes is 6-16.

Further, the chute is made by reinforced concrete pouring, and the interval is gone up to the chute and is opened there is the hole, and the hole is blockked up by sheet metal, and this sheet metal bottom is equipped with the electro-magnet.

Further, the number of settling ponds is at least 2.

Furthermore, the plugging piece is a cement product, and the surface of the plugging piece is a rubber sealing sleeve.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the invention, by arranging the chute, when the ore pulp flows through the chute, heavy metal particles such as tantalum and niobium contained in the ore pulp fall and are adsorbed on the blanket under the action of self gravity and are then washed by clear water for collection, and because the electromagnet is arranged below the chute, the magnetic heavy metal in the ore pulp is adsorbed on the blanket under the action of gravity when passing through the chute, and also falls downwards under the action of a magnetic field, so that the heavy metal such as tantalum and niobium is further driven to fall and be adsorbed on the blanket, the recovery rate of metal elements such as tantalum and niobium of fine particles (100-150 meshes) can be improved to more than 60% from less than 20%, and the contents of magnetic substances and part of companion substance impurities in the backflow ore pulp are greatly reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic process flow diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the selecting apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of the selecting apparatus of the present invention.

The symbols in the drawings are: 1-chute, 2-side retaining wall, 3-feeding channel, 4-first mounting rack, 5-first electric push rod, 6-first pull rope, 7-blocking piece, 8-rail, 9-electric trolley, 10-horizontal pipe, 11-spray head, 12-fixed pipe, 13-hose, 14-second mounting rack, 15-second electric push rod, 16-second pull rope, 17-splitter box, 18-connecting rod, 19-first discharging channel, 20-second discharging channel and 21-feeding hole.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

A method for separating and recovering heavy metals such as tantalum and niobium from lithium ore slurry is shown in figures 1-3, and comprises the following steps:

s1, conveying lithium ore slurry generated in an acidification size mixing working section of a lithium salt factory or lithium ore slurry generated in a ball-milling working section of a lithium concentrate ore dressing factory to a buffer pool;

s2, enabling the ore pulp in the buffer tank to flow to a lifting and selecting device through a pipeline, enabling particles of heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like to be adsorbed on blankets due to the specific gravity of the heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like in the ore pulp and the friction force of blankets on the surfaces of chutes 1 in the lifting and selecting device when the ore pulp flows through the lifting and selecting device, enabling the ore pulp to flow into a backflow tank, and then stirring and refluxing the ore pulp into lithium ore pulp;

s3, when the particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like on the blanket in the extraction equipment are adsorbed to a certain degree, stopping the ore pulp from flowing into the extraction equipment, starting a washing machine in the extraction equipment, washing the particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like on the blanket by using clear water, and flowing into a recovery tank along with the clear water;

s4, bottom materials formed after the slurry in the recovery tank is precipitated are heavy metal particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like to be recovered, surface layer slurry is discharged into the precipitation tank, the slurry is precipitated, upper flowing liquid flows into the clear water tank, and bottom precipitated substances reach a certain concentration, are stirred and are pumped back into the backflow tank by a water pump to enter the lithium ore slurry, so that the recovery of ore resources to the maximum extent is facilitated.

The extraction and selection equipment comprises a chute 1, a feeding channel 3, a track 8, an electric trolley 9, a splitter box 17, a first discharging channel 19 and a second discharging channel 20; the feeding channel 3 is communicated with the buffer pool, a plurality of feeding holes 21 are uniformly distributed in the feeding channel 3, a plurality of chutes 1 are obliquely arranged on one side of the feeding channel 3, each chute 1 corresponds to one feeding hole 21, and blankets are laid on the surfaces of the chutes 1; the top of the feeding channel 3 is provided with a first mounting frame 4, a plurality of first electric push rods 5 are mounted on the first mounting frame 4, the output ends of the first electric push rods 5 are connected with a blocking piece 7 through a first pull rope 6, the blocking piece 7 is a cement product, and the surface of the blocking piece 7 is a rubber sealing sleeve for blocking the feeding hole 21; one end of the chute 1, which is far away from the feeding channel 3, is hinged with a splitter box 17, and two adjacent splitter boxes 17 are connected through a connecting rod 18; the side retaining walls 2 are arranged on the chutes 1 on two sides, a second mounting frame 14 is arranged at one end of each side retaining wall 2, a plurality of second electric push rods 15 are mounted on the second mounting frames 14, and the output ends of the second electric push rods 15 are connected with the connecting rods 18 through second pull ropes 16; a first discharge channel 19 is arranged below one end of the chute 1 far away from the feeding channel 3, the first discharge channel 19 is communicated with the reflux pool, a second discharge channel 20 is arranged below one end of the diversion trench 17 far away from the chute 1, and the second discharge channel 20 is communicated with the recovery pool; the top of the middle chute 1 is provided with two rails 8, the rails 8 are connected with an electric trolley 9, the rear side of the electric trolley 9 is provided with a transverse pipe 10, the bottom of the transverse pipe 10 is uniformly communicated with a plurality of spray heads 11, and each spray head 11 corresponds to one chute 1; the top of the side retaining wall 2 is provided with a fixed pipe 12, one end of the fixed pipe 12 is communicated with a clean water tank, and the other end is communicated with a transverse pipe 10 through a hose 13.

When the flow of lithium ore pulp is 40 square/hour, it is 6 to set up the chute 1 angle, and the width of chute 1 is 0.45 meters, and length is 24 meters, and the quantity of chute 1 is 12, and chute 1 is made by stainless steel material, and the bottom interval is equipped with the electro-magnet.

Example 2

A method for separating and recovering heavy metals such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore slurry is shown in figures 1-3 and comprises the following steps:

The extraction and selection equipment comprises a chute 1, a feeding channel 3, a track 8, an electric trolley 9, a splitter box 17, a first discharging channel 19 and a second discharging channel 20; the feeding channel 3 is communicated with the buffer pool, a plurality of feeding holes 21 are uniformly distributed in the feeding channel 3, a plurality of chutes 1 are obliquely arranged on one side of the feeding channel 3, each chute 1 corresponds to one feeding hole 21, and blankets are laid on the surfaces of the chutes 1; the top of the feeding channel 3 is provided with a first mounting frame 4, a plurality of first electric push rods 5 are mounted on the first mounting frame 4, the output ends of the first electric push rods 5 are connected with a blocking piece 7 through a first pull rope 6, the blocking piece 7 is a cement product, and the surface of the blocking piece 7 is a rubber sealing sleeve and used for blocking a feeding hole 21; one end of the chute 1, which is far away from the feeding channel 3, is hinged with a splitter box 17, and two adjacent splitter boxes 17 are connected through a connecting rod 18; the side retaining walls 2 are arranged on the chutes 1 on the two sides, a second mounting frame 14 is arranged at one end of each side retaining wall 2, a plurality of second electric push rods 15 are mounted on the second mounting frames 14, and the output ends of the second electric push rods 15 are connected with the connecting rods 18 through second pull ropes 16; a first discharge channel 19 is arranged below one end of the chute 1 far away from the feeding channel 3, the first discharge channel 19 is communicated with the reflux pool, a second discharge channel 20 is arranged below one end of the diversion trench 17 far away from the chute 1, and the second discharge channel 20 is communicated with the recovery pool; the top of the middle chute 1 is provided with two rails 8, the rails 8 are connected with an electric trolley 9, the rear side of the electric trolley 9 is provided with a transverse pipe 10, the bottom of the transverse pipe 10 is uniformly communicated with a plurality of spray heads 11, and each spray head 11 corresponds to one chute 1; the top of the side retaining wall 2 is provided with a fixed pipe 12, one end of the fixed pipe 12 is communicated with a clean water tank, and the other end is communicated with a transverse pipe 10 through a hose 13.

When the flow of lithium ore deposit thick liquids is 60 sides/time, set up the chute 1 angle and be 5, the width of chute 1 is 0.45 meters, and length is 28 meters, and the quantity of chute 1 is 16, and chute 1 is made by reinforced concrete pouring, and the interval has the hole on the chute 1, and the hole is blockked up by sheet metal, and this sheet metal bottom is equipped with the electro-magnet.

The working principle is as follows: lithium ore slurry generated in an acidification size mixing working section of a lithium salt factory or lithium ore slurry generated in a ball milling working section of a lithium concentrate ore dressing factory is conveyed to a buffer pool; the ore pulp in the buffer pool flows into a feeding channel 3 of the extraction equipment through a pipeline and is discharged into a chute 1 through a feeding hole 21, and because the chute 1 has a certain gradient, the lithium ore pulp flows to the tail part of the chute 1 under the action of self gravity and flows into a second discharging pipeline through a diversion groove 17 and then flows into a backflow pool, and in the process, because of the self specific gravity of heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like in the ore pulp and the friction force of a blanket on the surface of the chute 1 in the extraction equipment, the heavy metal substance particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like can be adsorbed on the blanket. And because the bottom of the chute is provided with the electromagnet, when ore pulp flows through the chute, the electromagnet is electrified to form a magnetic field, under the action of the magnetic field, magnetic heavy metals in the ore pulp are adsorbed on the blanket under the action of gravity when passing through the chute, and can also be settled downwards under the action of the magnetic field, so that heavy metals such as tantalum, niobium and the like are further driven to settle downwards and adsorb on the blanket, the recovery rate of metal elements such as tantalum, niobium and the like in fine particles (100-150 meshes) can be improved to more than 60% from less than 20%, and the contents of magnetic substances and part of accompanying substance impurities in the returned ore pulp are greatly reduced.

When particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like on the blanket on the surface of the chute 1 are adsorbed to a certain degree, the first electric push rod 5 extends, the blocking piece 7 falls downwards under the action of self gravity, the feed inlet 21 is further blocked, ore pulp does not flow into the chute 1 any more, the second electric push rod 15 contracts, the connecting rod 18 and the tail part of the connected diversion groove 17 are pulled through the second pull rope 16 to tilt upwards, a gap is formed between the diversion groove 17 and the chute 1, then clear water is discharged into the transverse pipe 10 through the fixed pipe 12 and the hose 13 and is sprayed out of the spray head 11, the clear water is sprayed onto the surface of the chute 1, the electric trolley 9 moves towards the tail part of the chute 1 along the track 8, so that heavy metal particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like adsorbed on the blanket on the surface of the chute 1 are washed down through the clear water, and the particles flow into the first discharge channel 19 at the gap between the chute 1 and the diversion groove 17, and then flow into the recovery tank.

The bottom material formed after the slurry in the recovery tank is precipitated is the heavy metal particles such as tantalum and niobium and the like to be recovered, the surface layer slurry is discharged into the precipitation tank, the upper flowing liquid flows into the clear water tank after the slurry is precipitated, and the bottom precipitated substances reach a certain concentration and are pumped back into the backflow tank by a water pump after being stirred to enter the lithium ore slurry, so that the recovery of ore resources to the maximum extent is facilitated.

The technical solutions of the present invention or similar technical solutions designed by those skilled in the art based on the teachings of the technical solutions of the present invention are all within the scope of the present invention to achieve the above technical effects.

Claims

1. A method for separating and recovering heavy metals such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore slurry is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s2, enabling the ore pulp in the buffer tank to flow to a lifting and selecting device through a pipeline, enabling particles of heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like to be adsorbed on a blanket due to the specific gravity of the heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like in the ore pulp and the friction force of the blanket on the surface of a chute (1) in the lifting and selecting device when the ore pulp flows through the lifting and selecting device, enabling the ore pulp to flow into a backflow tank, and then stirring and refluxing the ore pulp into lithium ore pulp;

s4, precipitating slurry in the recovery tank to form bottom materials, namely heavy metal particles such as tantalum, niobium and the like to be recovered, discharging surface layer slurry into the precipitation tank, precipitating the slurry, enabling upper flowing liquid to flow into a clear water tank, enabling bottom precipitated substances to reach a certain concentration, stirring, pumping back into a backflow tank by using a water pump, and enabling the bottom precipitated substances to enter lithium ore slurry, so that ore resources can be recovered to the maximum extent;

the extraction and selection equipment in the step S2 comprises a chute (1), a feeding channel (3), a track (8), an electric trolley (9), a splitter box (17), a first discharging channel (19) and a second discharging channel (20); the feeding channel (3) is communicated with the buffer pool, a plurality of feeding holes (21) are uniformly distributed in the feeding channel (3), a plurality of chutes (1) are obliquely arranged on one side of the feeding channel (3), each chute (1) corresponds to one feeding hole (21), and blankets are laid on the surfaces of the chutes (1); the chute (1) is made of stainless steel materials, and electromagnets are arranged at the bottom of the chute (1) at intervals; a first mounting frame (4) is arranged at the top of the feeding channel (3), a plurality of first electric push rods (5) are mounted on the first mounting frame (4), and the output ends of the first electric push rods (5) are connected with a blocking piece (7) through first pull ropes (6) and used for blocking the feeding hole (21); one end of the chute (1) far away from the feeding channel (3) is hinged with a splitter box (17), and two adjacent splitter boxes (17) are connected through a connecting rod (18); the side retaining walls (2) are arranged on the chutes (1) on the two sides, a second mounting rack (14) is arranged at one end of each side retaining wall (2), a plurality of second electric push rods (15) are mounted on the second mounting racks (14), and the output ends of the second electric push rods (15) are connected with the connecting rods (18) through second pull ropes (16); a first discharging channel (19) is arranged below one end, far away from the feeding channel (3), of the chute (1), the first discharging channel (19) is communicated with the backflow pool, a second discharging channel (20) is arranged below one end, far away from the chute (1), of the dividing groove (17), and the second discharging channel (20) is communicated with the recovery pool; the top of the middle chute (1) is provided with two rails (8), the rails (8) are connected with an electric trolley (9), the rear side of the electric trolley (9) is provided with a transverse pipe (10), the bottom of the transverse pipe (10) is uniformly communicated with a plurality of spray heads (11), and each spray head (11) corresponds to one chute (1); the top of the side retaining wall (2) is provided with a fixed pipe (12), one end of the fixed pipe (12) is communicated with the clean water tank, and the other end of the fixed pipe (12) is communicated with the transverse pipe (10) through a hose (13).

2. The method for separating and recovering heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore slurry according to claim 1, wherein the inclination angle of the chutes (1) is 5-8 degrees, and the number of the chutes (1) is 6-16.

3. The method for separating and recovering heavy metal objects such as tantalum and niobium from lithium ore slurry as claimed in claim 2, wherein the chute (1) is made of reinforced concrete by casting, and holes are arranged on the chute (1) at intervals, and are blocked by a metal plate material, and the bottom of the metal plate material is provided with an electromagnet.

4. The method for separating and recovering heavy metals such as tantalum and niobium from lithium ore slurry as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the number of the settling pond is at least 2.

5. The method for separating and recovering heavy metal substances such as tantalum, niobium and the like from lithium ore pulp according to claim 4, wherein the plug (7) is a cement product and the surface of the plug is a rubber sealing sleeve.