CN112932428A - Blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof - Google Patents

Blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof Download PDF

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CN112932428A
CN112932428A CN202110164278.2A CN202110164278A CN112932428A CN 112932428 A CN112932428 A CN 112932428A CN 202110164278 A CN202110164278 A CN 202110164278A CN 112932428 A CN112932428 A CN 112932428A
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陈文强
刘绪平
蔡超
王绎
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Jiangxi Guoke Meixin Medical Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and a portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof. The invention can solve the problem of limited movement caused by traditional blood oxygen and heart rate wired monitoring. The blood oxygen and the heart rate of the individual in motion can be accurately detected.

Description

Blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vital sign signal monitoring, in particular to a blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and a portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof.
Background
Degree of blood oxygen saturation (SpO)2) Heart rate (BP) is a key indicator of constant human vital signs. In a fire scene or a battle scene, if the SpO can be realized for firemen or soldiers2And the continuous remote monitoring of BP, can provide medical treatment to the personnel of unstable vital sign in time, reduce the unnecessary casualties. Movement of the firefighter or soldier, however, often results in a baseline shift in the signal, thereby making the monitored vital sign signal inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and a portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof, which can accurately monitor the blood oxygen and heart rate of an individual in motion.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system comprises the following modules,
the wavelet transformation module is used for performing wavelet transformation processing on the brain wave data original sequence to obtain a wavelet transformation signal sequence;
a Fourier transform module for obtaining a heart rate value by performing Fourier transform on the wavelet transform signal sequence;
the difference processing module is used for carrying out difference processing on the wavelet transformation signal sequence to obtain a difference signal sequence;
the sliding window filtering module is used for performing sliding window filtering on the differential signal sequence to obtain a sliding window filtering signal sequence;
the zero-crossing detection module is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the sliding window filtering signal sequence to obtain an extreme point set;
the redundancy elimination module is used for eliminating abnormal extreme points in the extreme point set to obtain a redundancy elimination extreme point set;
an extreme value fine-trimming module, configured to perform fine trimming on positions of the redundant elimination extreme points in the redundant elimination extreme point set to obtain a fine-trimmed extreme point set;
the R value calculation module is used for calculating an initial blood oxygen value according to the refined extreme point set;
and the Kalman filtering module is used for carrying out Kalman filtering on the initial blood oxygen value to obtain a final blood oxygen value after filtering.
Based on the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system, the invention also provides a portable wireless remote monitoring device for monitoring the blood oxygen and the heart rate.
A portable wireless remote monitoring device for monitoring blood oxygen and heart rate comprises portable head-mounted monitoring equipment, an intelligent gateway and a monitoring terminal;
the portable head-wearing monitoring equipment is provided with a sensor for acquiring brain wave data, and the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system is integrated in the portable head-wearing monitoring equipment; the sensor is electrically connected with the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system;
the portable head-mounted monitoring equipment is in communication connection with the monitoring terminal through the intelligent gateway.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: in the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring process, the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and the portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof adopt methods such as wavelet transformation, difference processing, sliding window filtering, zero-crossing detection, redundancy elimination, extreme value refinement, Kalman filtering and the like to process electroencephalogram data, and have a baseline drift correction process, so that the influence of certain degree of motion can be overcome, and more accurate vital sign signals can be obtained. In addition, portable wireless remote monitoring device adopts portable head mounted monitoring facilities monitoring blood oxygen and rhythm of the heart to utilize intelligent gateway to carry out the wireless transmission of data, and carry out analysis and early warning through long-range monitoring facilities, can solve traditional blood oxygen and the wired monitoring of rhythm of the heart and lead to the restricted problem of motion.
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FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a block diagram of a portable wireless remote monitoring device for blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system includes the following modules,
the wavelet transformation module is used for performing wavelet transformation processing on the brain wave data original sequence to obtain a wavelet transformation signal sequence;
a Fourier transform module for obtaining a heart rate value by performing Fourier transform on the wavelet transform signal sequence;
the difference processing module is used for carrying out difference processing on the wavelet transformation signal sequence to obtain a difference signal sequence;
the sliding window filtering module is used for performing sliding window filtering on the differential signal sequence to obtain a sliding window filtering signal sequence;
the zero-crossing detection module is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the sliding window filtering signal sequence to obtain an extreme point set;
the redundancy elimination module is used for eliminating abnormal extreme points in the extreme point set to obtain a redundancy elimination extreme point set;
an extreme value fine-trimming module, configured to perform fine trimming on positions of the redundant elimination extreme points in the redundant elimination extreme point set to obtain a fine-trimmed extreme point set;
the R value calculation module is used for calculating an initial blood oxygen value according to the refined extreme point set;
and the Kalman filtering module is used for carrying out Kalman filtering on the initial blood oxygen value to obtain a final blood oxygen value after filtering.
In this particular embodiment:
the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system also comprises a first-in first-out queue module,
the first-in first-out queue module is used for storing the detected brain wave data to obtain a brain wave data original sequence, and transmitting the brain wave data original sequence to the wavelet transformation module in a first-in first-out mode after the brain wave data original sequence is fully stored;
wherein, the length of the first-in first-out queue in the first-in first-out queue module is N, and the brain wave data original sequence obtained by storing the brain wave data in the first-in first-out queue module is represented as N
Figure BDA0002937040070000041
For the original sequence of brain wave data, xnN is the nth brain wave data in the original sequence of brain wave data, wherein N is 1, 2.
Due to the interference of electromyographic signals or external electromagnetic interference, a small amount of high-frequency noise often exists in an original sequence of electroencephalographic data, and the specific expression is that a plurality of burrs exist in the signals, if the burr signals are not eliminated, the subsequent peak detection is influenced, and therefore the finally calculated blood oxygen value is greatly influenced. In order to eliminate the high-frequency interference, the original sequence of brain wave data enters a wavelet transform module to be subjected to wavelet transform processing.
In the wavelet transform module, the original sequence of the brain wave data
Figure BDA0002937040070000044
The wavelet transform signal sequence obtained after the wavelet transform processing is expressed as
Figure BDA0002937040070000042
And is
Figure BDA0002937040070000043
x′nIs the n-th wavelet transform signal in the wavelet transform signal sequence, specifically, x'nAs brain wave data xnAnd obtaining a wavelet transform signal after wavelet transform processing.
After the wavelet transform processing of the wavelet transform module is carried out on the electroencephalogram data original sequence, most high-frequency noise is filtered out, and a wavelet transform signal is obtained. Because the heart rate signal is a periodic signal, the wavelet transform signal obtained after filtering is subjected to Fourier transform at the moment, and the heart rate value can be obtained.
In the Fourier transform module, the heart rate value is calculated by the formula,
BP＝arg max(X)，s.t.L＜X＜H；
wherein, BP is the heart rate value, X is a Fourier transform signal obtained by fast Fourier transform of the wavelet transform signal sequence, and
Figure BDA0002937040070000051
f () represents the fast fourier transform, and L and H represent the boundary minimum and the boundary maximum to be found in the fast fourier transform, respectively. The normal fluctuation range of the human body is recorded as 60-100 times/minute,
Figure BDA0002937040070000052
where N represents the number of points used in the calculation of the FFT (fast Fourier transform), i.e. the length of the FIFO queue, FsRepresenting the sampling rate.
Wavelet transformed signal for obtaining blood oxygen value
Figure BDA00029370400700000511
Firstly, the difference processing is carried out in a difference processing module.
In the difference processing module, the formula for performing difference processing on the wavelet transform signal sequence is as follows,
Figure BDA0002937040070000053
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002937040070000054
for the purpose of the sequence of differential signals,
Figure BDA0002937040070000055
and is the differenceDifferential signals in a signal sequence.
In the sliding window filtering module, the obtained sliding window filtering signal sequence is represented as
Figure BDA0002937040070000056
The sliding window filtering of the differential signal sequence is formulated as,
Figure BDA0002937040070000057
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0002937040070000058
filtering the signal sequence for the sliding window
Figure BDA0002937040070000059
W is the size of the sliding window.
In the zero-crossing detection module, the formula for performing zero-crossing detection on the sliding window filtering signal sequence is as follows,
Figure BDA00029370400700000510
wherein ZP is the extreme point set.
The extreme point set ZP includes all extreme points, and due to the existence of noise, these extreme points may include some local extreme values, and do not represent that the extreme values, the local maximum values or the local minimum values are required for calculating the blood oxygen value, so that the extreme points in the extreme point set ZP need to be further filtered. The extreme points of these anomalies are often more concentrated and less spaced by a large number of measurements, so these local extreme values are removed by using this information of spacing.
In the redundancy elimination module, the formula for eliminating the abnormal extreme points in the extreme point set is as follows,
Figure BDA0002937040070000061
wherein ZP' is the set of redundancy elimination extrema, IkIs composed of
Figure BDA0002937040070000062
The corresponding serial number, i.e.
Figure BDA0002937040070000063
In the position of Ik-Ik-1To represent
Figure BDA0002937040070000064
And
Figure BDA0002937040070000065
h is a preset first threshold.
The extreme point in the redundancy elimination extreme point set obtained after the processing of the redundancy elimination module is an extreme point which may be needed and is also a maximum point; however, since the foregoing steps employ sliding window filtering, the positions of these extreme points need to be further refined.
In the extreme value refining module, the formula for refining the position of the redundancy elimination extreme point in the redundancy elimination extreme point set is as follows,
Figure BDA0002937040070000066
wherein ZP' is the finishing extreme point set, M is a preset second threshold value,
Figure BDA0002937040070000067
denotes the sequence number IkThe corresponding blood oxygen value is obtained by the method,
Figure BDA0002937040070000068
to represent
Figure BDA0002937040070000069
Is a local extremum.
And the refined extreme points in the refined extreme point set obtained after the processing of the extreme value refining module are used as the extreme points for finally calculating the blood oxygen value.
In the R value calculation module, the formula for calculating the initial blood oxygen value is as follows,
Figure BDA00029370400700000610
wherein R isiIs the initial blood oxygen value, xi，maxFor the local pole, maximum, x, obtained from the IR sensor in the refined extreme point set ZP ″i，minFor the local pole, minimum, y from the IR sensor in the refined extreme point set ZP ″i，maxFor the local pole, maximum, y, obtained from the RED sensor in the refined extreme point set ZP ″i，minLocal poles and minimum values obtained from the RED sensor in the fine extreme point set ZP' are obtained; among them, the RED sensor and the IR sensor are sensors for collecting brain wave data.
In the Kalman filtering module, the final blood oxygen value is calculated by the formula,
R(k)＝R′(k)+K(Rz(k)-H*R′(k))；
wherein R (k) is the final blood oxygen value calculated at time k, Rz(k) For the blood oxygen value measured at time K, R' (K) is the blood oxygen value updated at time K, K is kalman gain and K is 1, H is the transformation matrix and H is 1; r' (K) ═ AR (K-1), K ═ HP/(HPH)T+R)，P＝AP′AT+ Q, P '═ P-HKP, P is the estimated state variable, P' is the updated state variable, R is the initial blood oxygen value RiObtaining a blood oxygen value after Kalman filtering, wherein A is an update matrix and is 1, and Q is an observed covariance;
Figure BDA0002937040070000071
in particular, the alpha scale factor, here relates the covariance to the value of the change in the observed variable.
Based on the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system, the invention also provides a portable wireless remote monitoring device for monitoring the blood oxygen and the heart rate.
As shown in fig. 2, a portable wireless remote monitoring device for monitoring blood oxygen and heart rate includes a portable head-mounted monitoring device, an intelligent gateway and a monitoring terminal;
the portable head-wearing monitoring equipment is provided with a sensor for acquiring brain wave data, and the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system is integrated in the portable head-wearing monitoring equipment; the sensor is electrically connected with the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system;
the portable head-mounted monitoring equipment is in communication connection with the monitoring terminal through the intelligent gateway.
Specifically, the portable head-mounted monitoring device mainly comprises a central processing unit, a wireless transmission unit and a sensor. Wherein, above-mentioned blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system integrate in central processing unit, central processing unit is used for reading the brain wave data from the sensor, cooperates certain algorithm to obtain SpO2With BP value, SpO is obtained by measuring through wireless transmission unit such as LoRa, NBIoT module2And transmitting the BP value and the BP value to the intelligent gateway. The intelligent gateway is used for receiving data transmitted by different portable head-mounted monitoring devices and forwarding the data to the monitoring terminal for analysis and early warning.
In the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring process, the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and the portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof adopt methods such as wavelet transformation, difference processing, sliding window filtering, zero-crossing detection, redundancy elimination, extreme value refinement, Kalman filtering and the like to process electroencephalogram data, and have a baseline drift correction process, so that the influence of certain degree of motion can be overcome, and more accurate vital sign signals can be obtained. In addition, portable wireless remote monitoring device adopts portable head mounted monitoring facilities monitoring blood oxygen and rhythm of the heart to utilize intelligent gateway to carry out the wireless transmission of data, and carry out analysis and early warning through long-range monitoring facilities, can solve traditional blood oxygen and the wired monitoring of rhythm of the heart and lead to the restricted problem of motion.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. A blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system, characterized in that: comprises the following modules which are used for realizing the functions of the system,
the wavelet transformation module is used for performing wavelet transformation processing on the brain wave data original sequence to obtain a wavelet transformation signal sequence;
a Fourier transform module for obtaining a heart rate value by performing Fourier transform on the wavelet transform signal sequence;
the difference processing module is used for carrying out difference processing on the wavelet transformation signal sequence to obtain a difference signal sequence;
the sliding window filtering module is used for performing sliding window filtering on the differential signal sequence to obtain a sliding window filtering signal sequence;
the zero-crossing detection module is used for carrying out zero-crossing detection on the sliding window filtering signal sequence to obtain an extreme point set;
the redundancy elimination module is used for eliminating abnormal extreme points in the extreme point set to obtain a redundancy elimination extreme point set;
an extreme value fine-trimming module, configured to perform fine trimming on positions of the redundant elimination extreme points in the redundant elimination extreme point set to obtain a fine-trimmed extreme point set;
the R value calculation module is used for calculating an initial blood oxygen value according to the refined extreme point set;
and the Kalman filtering module is used for carrying out Kalman filtering on the initial blood oxygen value to obtain a final blood oxygen value after filtering.
2. The blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: also comprises a first-in first-out queue module,
the first-in first-out queue module is used for storing the detected brain wave data to obtain a brain wave data original sequence, and transmitting the brain wave data original sequence to the wavelet transformation module in a first-in first-out mode after the brain wave data original sequence is fully stored;
wherein, the length of the first-in first-out queue in the first-in first-out queue module is N, and the brain wave data original sequence obtained by storing the brain wave data in the first-in first-out queue module is represented as N
Figure FDA0002937040060000021
Figure FDA0002937040060000022
For the original sequence of brain wave data, xnN is the nth brain wave data in the original sequence of brain wave data, wherein N is 1, 2.
In the wavelet transform module, the original sequence of the brain wave data
Figure FDA0002937040060000023
The wavelet transform signal sequence obtained after the wavelet transform processing is expressed as
Figure FDA0002937040060000024
And is
Figure FDA0002937040060000025
x′nIs the n-th wavelet transform signal in the wavelet transform signal sequence, specifically, x'nAs brain wave data xnAnd obtaining a wavelet transform signal after wavelet transform processing.
3. The blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: in the Fourier transform module, the heart rate value is calculated by the formula,
BP＝argmax(X)，s.t.L＜X＜H；
wherein, BP is the heart rate value, X is a Fourier transform signal obtained by fast Fourier transform of the wavelet transform signal sequence, and
Figure FDA0002937040060000026
f () represents the fast fourier transform, and L and H represent the boundary minimum and the boundary maximum to be found in the fast fourier transform, respectively.
4. The blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system of claim 2 or 3, wherein: in the difference processing module, the formula for performing difference processing on the wavelet transform signal sequence is as follows,
Figure FDA0002937040060000027
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002937040060000028
is the differential signal sequence, (x'n-x′n-1)＝▽xn-1And is a differential signal in the sequence of differential signals.
5. The blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system of claim 4, wherein: in the sliding window filtering module, the obtained sliding window filtering signal sequence is represented as
Figure FDA0002937040060000029
The sliding window filtering of the differential signal sequence is formulated as,
Figure FDA00029370400600000210
wherein ^ x ″)kIs a stand forThe sliding window filtering signal sequence
Figure FDA00029370400600000211
W is the size of the sliding window.
6. The blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system of claim 5, wherein: in the zero-crossing detection module, the formula for performing zero-crossing detection on the sliding window filtering signal sequence is as follows,
Figure FDA0002937040060000031
wherein ZP is the extreme point set.
7. The blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: in the redundancy elimination module, the formula for eliminating the abnormal extreme points in the extreme point set is as follows,
Figure FDA0002937040060000032
wherein ZP' is the set of redundancy elimination extrema, IkIs ^ xkThe corresponding serial number H is a preset first threshold value.
8. The blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system of claim 7, wherein: in the extreme value refining module, the formula for refining the position of the redundancy elimination extreme point in the redundancy elimination extreme point set is as follows,
Figure FDA0002937040060000033
wherein ZP' is the finishing extreme point set, M is a preset second threshold value,
Figure FDA0002937040060000034
denotes the sequence number IkThe corresponding blood oxygen value is obtained by the method,
Figure FDA0002937040060000035
to represent
Figure FDA0002937040060000036
Is a local extremum.
9. The blood oxygenation and heart rate monitoring system of claim 8, wherein: in the R value calculation module, the formula for calculating the initial blood oxygen value is as follows,
Figure FDA0002937040060000037
wherein R isiIs the initial blood oxygen value, xi，maxFor the local pole, maximum, x, obtained from the IR sensor in the refined extreme point set ZP ″i，minFor the local pole, minimum, y from the IR sensor in the refined extreme point set ZP ″i，maxFor the local pole, maximum, y, obtained from the RED sensor in the refined extreme point set ZP ″i，minLocal poles and minimum values obtained from the RED sensor in the fine extreme point set ZP' are obtained;
in the Kalman filtering module, the final blood oxygen value is calculated by the formula,
R(k)＝R′(k)+K(Rz(k)-H*R′(k))；
wherein R (k) is the final blood oxygen value calculated at time k, Rz(k) For the blood oxygen value measured at time K, R' (K) is the blood oxygen value updated at time K, K is kalman gain and K is 1, H is the transformation matrix and H is 1; r' (K) ═ AR (K-1), K ═ HP/(HPH)T+R)，P＝AP′AT+ Q, P '═ P-HKP, P is the estimated state variable, P' is the updated state variable, R is the initial state variableBlood oxygen value RiObtaining a blood oxygen value after Kalman filtering, wherein A is an update matrix and is 1, and Q is an observed covariance;
Figure FDA0002937040060000041
specifically, an alpha scale factor.
10. The utility model provides a portable wireless remote monitoring device of blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring which characterized in that: the system comprises portable head-mounted monitoring equipment, an intelligent gateway and a monitoring terminal;
the portable head-mounted monitoring equipment is provided with a sensor for acquiring brain wave data, and the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 is integrated in the portable head-mounted monitoring equipment; the sensor is electrically connected with the blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system;
the portable head-mounted monitoring equipment is in communication connection with the monitoring terminal through the intelligent gateway.
CN202110164278.2A 2021-02-05 2021-02-05 Blood oxygen and heart rate monitoring system and portable wireless remote monitoring device thereof Pending CN112932428A (en)

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