CN112931627A - Antioxidant composition, nutritional composition and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Antioxidant composition, nutritional composition and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112931627A CN112931627A CN202110299625.2A CN202110299625A CN112931627A CN 112931627 A CN112931627 A CN 112931627A CN 202110299625 A CN202110299625 A CN 202110299625A CN 112931627 A CN112931627 A CN 112931627A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- protein
- powder
- tenebrio molitor
- leaf extract
- nutritional composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23C9/16—Agglomerating or granulating milk powder; Making instant milk powder; Products obtained thereby
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/152—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations containing additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
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- A23C9/1526—Amino acids; Peptides; Protein hydrolysates; Nucleic acids; Derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
- A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A23L19/01—Instant products; Powders; Flakes; Granules
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/18—Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/90—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in food processing or handling, e.g. food conservation
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of oxidation resistance, in particular to an antioxidant composition, a nutritional composition and a preparation method thereof, researches show that the combined use of tenebrio molitor protein and a mulberry leaf extract can play a synergistic effect, so that the antioxidant effect is obviously improved; particularly, when the mass ratio of the yellow mealworm protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 40-100: when the amount of the yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein is 10-30, the antioxidant effect of the composition is better, and the antioxidant effect can be better improved when the yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein is adopted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oxidation resistance, and particularly relates to an antioxidant composition, a nutritional composition and a preparation method of the antioxidant composition.
Background
With the rapid development of times and economy, health products are more and more valued by consumers. Among edible insects, tenebrio molitor is receiving much attention because of its wide distribution and strong reproductive ability. Tenebrio molitor, commonly known as tenebrio molitor, is one of the edible insects, is rich in protein and fat (49% protein and 28% fat on a dry basis), and contains certain amounts of vitamins and minerals. The animal protein has complete kinds of essential amino acids and reasonable proportion, so that the animal protein is easier to digest, absorb and utilize than common plant protein, and has relatively high nutritive value. The protein of the tenebrio molitor larva has a reasonable amino acid composition and can provide various essential amino acids and unsaturated fatty acids to the human body, and is an excellent animal protein. Insects can be considered as a protein replacement resource for animals and plants, have less impact on the environment, and can be used as a sustainable feed resource as the population grows and consumers increase. Meanwhile, insects are regarded as high potential nutritional food due to high nutritional value.
In the 21 st century, women's energy consumption is increasing, and the interest of new age women in products with antioxidant or anti-aging effects has been on the rapid increase trend compared to the 20 th century. The oxidation mechanism of the human body aims at updating tissues, but the body function is degraded with the age, or the body is not cured after a long time of illness, or unhealthy life style is easy to cause the excessive oxidation of the body to damage tissues and trachea. Compared with scientific beauty treatment, consumers prefer to resist oxidation and aging by eating the health care product. Some extracts from natural plants contain antioxidant active ingredients, but most of the extracts are still in experimental research stages, for example, studies such as fructus rubi and the like find that a mulberry leaf extract obtained by extracting mulberry leaves by an ultrasonic extraction method and a product purified by macroporous resin has certain antioxidant activity (see the research on antioxidant activity of the mulberry leaf extract based on a chelation mechanism), however, the purification process is complex, the yield is low, the preparation cost is high, the preparation cost cannot be effectively popularized to edible health care products, and the antioxidant activity of the unpurified mulberry leaf extract is low.
Therefore, the search for a new composition with antioxidant function has important significance for the popularization and the application of the nutrition food with antioxidant function.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a new application of the combination of the tenebrio molitor protein and the mulberry leaf extract, namely the application of the combination of the tenebrio molitor protein and the mulberry leaf extract in preparing an antioxidant product to improve the antioxidant effect of the nutritional composition, thereby providing the antioxidant composition, the nutritional composition and the preparation method thereof.
Further, the mass ratio of the yellow mealworm protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 40-100: 10-30.
Further, the tenebrio molitor protein is tenebrio molitor isolate protein and/or tenebrio molitor hydrolyzed protein. In the invention, the yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein and/or yellow mealworm isolated protein can be prepared from larvae, pupae and adults of the yellow mealworm; preferably, tenebrio larvae hydrolyzed protein and/or tenebrio larvae isolated protein is used. More preferably, the protein hydrolysate of tenebrio molitor larvae is used.
Further, the antioxidant product may be various foods, medicines or cosmetics. Such as a milk drink, yogurt, or frozen drink, which may be, but is not limited to, ice cream, popsicle, and the like.
The invention also provides an antioxidant composition which comprises the tenebrio molitor protein and a mulberry leaf extract.
Further, the mass ratio of the yellow mealworm protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 40-100: 10-30.
And compared with the mass ratio of the yellow mealworm protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 40: 30, the mass ratio of the yellow mealworm protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 60-100: 10 has better antioxidant effect.
Further, the tenebrio molitor protein is tenebrio molitor isolate protein and/or tenebrio molitor hydrolyzed protein.
The invention provides a nutritional composition, which comprises the antioxidant composition; also comprises at least one other nutrient component.
The nutritional ingredients are at least one selected from carbohydrate, milk base material, prebiotics, probiotics, fish oil, fruit and vegetable powder, vitamins and minerals.
The carbohydrate is at least one selected from sucrose, lactose, glucose, fructose, corn syrup solids, maltodextrin, modified starch, amylose starch, tapioca starch and corn starch.
The milk base material is at least one selected from whole milk powder, skimmed milk powder, whey powder and whey protein powder.
The fruit and vegetable powder is dry powder prepared by taking fruits and vegetables as raw materials; the fruit and vegetable is at least one selected from strawberry, mango, blueberry, hawthorn, red date, purple sweet potato and pumpkin.
Further, the antioxidant composition comprises 50-70 wt% of the nutritional composition; 10-30 wt% of milk base material; 5-25 wt% of fruit and vegetable powder.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nutritional composition, which comprises the step of uniformly mixing the raw materials.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the nutritional composition, which comprises the step of uniformly mixing the tenebrio molitor protein, the mulberry leaf extract and the nutritional ingredients.
Further, crushing the raw materials before mixing until the raw materials are sieved by a sieve with 80-100 meshes; and/or the mixing time is 15-30min, and the rotating speed is 15-25 rpm.
Further, the preparation method of the mulberry leaf extract comprises the following steps:
mixing folium Mori with water, extracting, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the mulberry leaves to the water is 1: 10-30. That is, 1g of mulberry leaves is mixed with 10-30ml of water.
Preferably, the extraction temperature is 60-100 deg.C, and the extraction time is 0.5-2 h.
Preferably, the mulberry leaves are previously baked at 50-80 ℃ for 6-8h before being mixed with water.
Further, the preparation method of the yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein comprises the following steps:
a pretreatment step: dispersing the yellow mealworm protein isolate in water to obtain a mixed solution; heating, cooling, and adjusting pH to 7.5-8.5 to obtain protein solution;
an enzymolysis step: mixing the protein solution with alkaline protease, heating, inactivating enzyme, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and drying.
Further, in the pretreatment step, the mass of the tenebrio molitor protein isolate contained in each 100ml of the mixed solution is controlled to be 4-6 g; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the pretreatment step, the heating temperature is controlled to be 80-90 ℃, and the heating time is 15-25 min; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the enzymolysis step, the heating temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃, and the heating time is 2.5-3.5 h.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the application of the tenebrio molitor protein and mulberry leaf extract in preparing an antioxidant product provided by the invention has the advantages that the tenebrio molitor protein and mulberry leaf extract are used in a combined manner, so that a synergistic effect can be exerted, and the antioxidant effect is remarkably improved;
particularly, when the mass ratio of the yellow mealworm protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 40-100: when the amount of the yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein is 10-30, the antioxidant effect of the composition is better, and the antioxidant effect can be better improved when the yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein is adopted.
2. The antioxidant composition provided by the invention comprises the tenebrio molitor protein and the mulberry leaf extract, and the tenebrio molitor protein and the mulberry leaf extract are used in a combined manner, so that a synergistic effect can be exerted, and the antioxidant effect is remarkably improved;
particularly, when the mass ratio of the yellow mealworm protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 40-100: when the amount of the yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein is 10-30, the antioxidant effect of the composition is better, and the antioxidant effect can be better improved when the yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein is adopted.
3. The nutritional composition provided by the invention comprises the antioxidant composition and also comprises nutritional ingredients; the nutritional composition has high antioxidant effect and rich nutrition.
4. The nutritional composition provided by the invention comprises, by mass, 50-70 wt% of the antioxidant composition; 10-30 wt% of milk base material; 5-25 wt% of fruit and vegetable powder; through compounding the antioxidant composition, the milk base material and the fruit and vegetable powder at a specific content, the nutritional composition has high antioxidant effect, the mouthfeel of the nutritional composition is obviously improved, and the solubility of the nutritional composition is improved.
5. The preparation method of the mulberry leaf extract comprises the following steps: mixing folium Mori with water, extracting, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying to obtain the final product; the preparation method is simple, convenient to operate and suitable for industrial production. And researches show that the anti-oxidation effect of the anti-oxidation composition can be remarkably improved by baking the mulberry leaves at 50-80 ℃ for 6-8 hours before mixing with water, and components which generate sour mouthfeel in the anti-oxidation composition are removed, so that the anti-oxidation effect of the nutritional composition is improved, and the mouthfeel of the nutritional composition is improved.
6. The nutritional composition provided by the invention has the advantages that the tenebrio molitor protein hydrolysate comprises a pretreatment step and an enzymolysis step, the preparation method is simple, the operation is convenient, and the nutritional composition is suitable for industrial production. And researches show that the mass of the tenebrio molitor protein isolate contained in every 100ml of mixed liquor is controlled to be 4-6g in the pretreatment step; and/or in the enzymolysis step, the heating temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃, and the heating time is 2.5-3.5 h; the protein isolate of the yellow mealworm can be completely hydrolyzed into a form of small molecular protein peptide; not only can improve the antioxidant effect, but also can improve the solubility of the nutritional composition.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described clearly and completely below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially. Wherein the tenebrio molitor larva-isolated protein powder is purchased from seoul Edible-bug, Korea.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an antioxidant composition, which comprises 60g of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder and 10g of mulberry leaf extract.
The preparation method of the antioxidant composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder and the mulberry leaf extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain the tenebrio molitor larva protein powder.
The embodiment also provides a nutritional composition, which comprises 60g of yellow mealworm larva hydrolyzed protein powder prepared by the method, 10g of mulberry leaf extract prepared by the method, 20g of whole milk powder and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder, respectively crushing to 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
The preparation method of the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder adopted in the antioxidant composition and the nutritional composition comprises the following steps:
(1) a pretreatment step: dispersing the separated protein powder of Tenebrio molitor larva in distilled water with substrate concentration of 5% (W/V, g/100ml), pretreating at 85 deg.C for 20min, cooling the pretreated protein solution to 60 deg.C, and adjusting pH to 8.0.
(2) An enzymolysis step: to the protein-solubilized solution obtained by the pretreatment, 2% (W/V, g/100ml) of alkaline protease (alcalase) (food grade) was added and treated with a water bath (65 ℃) for 3 hours, followed by heating at 100 ℃ for 10min to inactivate the enzyme. Separating the hydrolysate with centrifuge (4000 Xg) for 10min, collecting supernatant, freeze drying to obtain hydrolysate, and storing at-20 deg.C.
The method for preparing the mulberry leaf extract used in the antioxidant composition and nutritional combination of this example includes the following steps:
the mulberry leaves are cleaned by clear water and cut into 2-3cm for standby. Then placing the mixture into a convection constant-temperature oven, and baking the mixture for 7 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃. Mixing 50g of baked folium Mori with 1L of distilled water, extracting at 80 deg.C for 1 hr, filtering, and vacuum freeze drying the filtrate to obtain folium Mori extract.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an antioxidant composition, which comprises 40g of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder and 30g of mulberry leaf extract.
The preparation method of the antioxidant composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder and the mulberry leaf extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain the tenebrio molitor larva protein powder.
The embodiment also provides a nutritional composition, which comprises 40g of the yellow mealworm larva hydrolyzed protein powder, 30g of mulberry leaf extract, 25g of whole milk powder and 5g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder, respectively crushing to 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
In this embodiment, the method for preparing the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder used in the antioxidant composition and the nutritional composition comprises the following steps:
(1) a pretreatment step: the tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder is dispersed in distilled water with a substrate concentration of 4% (W/V, g/100ml), pretreated at 85 ℃ for 20min, and then the pretreated protein solution is cooled to 65 ℃ and the pH is adjusted to 8.5.
(2) An enzymolysis step: to the protein-solubilized solution obtained by the pretreatment, 2% (W/V, g/100ml) of alkaline protease (alcalase) (food grade) was added and treated with a water bath (60 ℃) for 3 hours, followed by heating at 100 ℃ for 10min to inactivate the enzyme. Separating the hydrolysate with centrifuge (4000 Xg) for 10min, collecting supernatant, freeze drying to obtain hydrolysate, and storing at-20 deg.C.
The method for preparing the mulberry leaf extract used in the antioxidant composition and nutritional combination of this example includes the following steps:
the mulberry leaves are cleaned by clear water and cut into 2-3cm for standby. Then placing into a convection oven at constant temperature, and baking for 6h at 60 deg.C. Mixing 50g of baked folium Mori with 1L of distilled water, extracting at 80 deg.C for 1 hr, filtering, and vacuum freeze drying the filtrate to obtain folium Mori extract.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an antioxidant composition, which comprises 70g of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, 30g of tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder and 10g of mulberry leaf extract.
The preparation method of the antioxidant composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder and the mulberry leaf extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain the tenebrio molitor larva protein powder.
The embodiment also provides a nutritional composition, which comprises 70g of the yellow mealworm larva hydrolyzed protein powder, 30g of yellow mealworm larva separated protein powder, 10g of mulberry leaf extract, 20g of skimmed milk powder and 40g of pumpkin powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the skim milk powder and the pumpkin powder, respectively crushing to 80-mesh sieve, premixing for 2min under manual stirring, and putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
In this embodiment, the method for preparing the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder used in the antioxidant composition and the nutritional composition comprises the following steps:
(1) a pretreatment step: dispersing the separated protein powder of Tenebrio molitor larva in distilled water with substrate concentration of 5% (W/V, g/100ml), pretreating at 85 deg.C for 20min, cooling the pretreated protein solution to 60 deg.C, and adjusting pH to 8.0.
(2) An enzymolysis step: to the protein-solubilized solution obtained by the pretreatment, 2% (W/V, g/100ml) of alkaline protease (alcalase) (food grade) was added and treated with a water bath (65 ℃) for 3 hours, followed by heating at 100 ℃ for 10min to inactivate the enzyme. Separating the hydrolysate with centrifuge (4000 Xg) for 10min, collecting supernatant, freeze drying to obtain hydrolysate, and storing at-20 deg.C.
The method for preparing the mulberry leaf extract used in the antioxidant composition and nutritional combination of this example includes the following steps:
the mulberry leaves are cleaned by clear water and cut into 2-3cm for standby. Then placing the mixture into a convection constant-temperature oven, and baking the mixture for 7 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃. Mixing 50g of baked folium Mori with 1L of distilled water, extracting at 80 deg.C for 1 hr, filtering, and vacuum freeze drying the filtrate to obtain folium Mori extract.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an antioxidant composition, which comprises 60g of tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder and 10g of mulberry leaf extract.
The preparation method of the antioxidant composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of the tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder and the mulberry leaf extract, and uniformly mixing to obtain the tenebrio molitor larva protein powder.
The embodiment also provides a nutritional composition, which comprises 60g of yellow meal worm larva separated protein powder, 10g of mulberry leaf extract prepared by the method, 20g of whole milk powder and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder, respectively crushing to 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and then putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
In this embodiment, the preparation method of the mulberry leaf extract used in the antioxidant composition and nutritional composition comprises the following steps:
the mulberry leaves are cleaned by clear water and cut into 2-3cm for standby. Then placing the mixture into a convection constant-temperature oven, and baking the mixture for 7 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃. Mixing 50g of baked folium Mori with 1L of distilled water, extracting at 80 deg.C for 1 hr, filtering, and vacuum freeze drying the filtrate to obtain folium Mori extract.
Example 5
This example provides a nutritional composition comprising 60g of Tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder prepared according to the method of this example, 10g of mulberry leaf extract prepared according to the method of example 1, 20g of whole milk powder, and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder, respectively crushing to 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
The preparation method of the yellow mealworm larva protein hydrolysate comprises the following steps:
(1) a pretreatment step: tenebrio molitor larva isolate protein was dispersed in distilled water at a substrate concentration of 5% (W/V, g/100ml), pretreated at 85 ℃ for 20min, and then the pretreated protein solution was cooled to 60 ℃ and adjusted to pH 8.0.
(2) An enzymolysis step: 2% (W/V, g/100ml) of alkaline protease (alcalase) (food grade) was added to the protein powder solution obtained by the pretreatment and treated with a water bath (65 ℃) for 1 hour, followed by heating at 100 ℃ for 10min to inactivate the enzyme. The hydrolysate was separated (4000 Xg) by centrifuge for 10 minutes, and then lyophilized to give a hydrolysate which was stored at-20 ℃.
Example 6
The embodiment also provides a nutritional composition, which comprises 60g of yellow mealworm larva hydrolyzed protein powder prepared according to the method of the embodiment, 10g of mulberry leaf extract prepared according to the method of the embodiment 1, 20g of whole milk powder and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder, respectively crushing to 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
The preparation method of the yellow mealworm larva protein hydrolysate comprises the following steps:
(1) a pretreatment step: the tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder is dispersed in distilled water with a substrate concentration of 10% (W/V, g/100ml), pretreated at 85 ℃ for 20min, and then the pretreated protein solution is cooled to 60 ℃ and the pH is adjusted to 8.0.
(2) An enzymolysis step: to the protein-solubilized solution obtained by the pretreatment, 2% (W/V, g/100ml) of alkaline protease (alcalase) (food grade) was added and treated with a water bath (65 ℃) for 3 hours, followed by heating at 100 ℃ for 10min to inactivate the enzyme. The hydrolysate was separated (4000 Xg) by centrifuge for 10 minutes, and then lyophilized to give a hydrolysate which was stored at-20 ℃.
Example 7
This example provides a nutritional composition comprising 60g of Tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder prepared according to the method of example 1, 10g of mulberry leaf extract prepared according to the method of this example, 20g of whole milk powder, and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder, respectively crushing to 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
The preparation method of the mulberry leaf extract adopted in the embodiment comprises the following steps:
the mulberry leaves are cleaned by clear water and cut into 2-3cm for standby. Mixing 50g of cleaned folium Mori with 1L of distilled water, extracting at 80 deg.C for 1 hr, filtering, and vacuum freeze drying the filtrate to obtain folium Mori extract.
Example 8
The present example also provides a nutritional composition comprising 60g of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder prepared according to the method of example 1, 10g of mulberry leaf extract prepared according to the method of example 1, and 20g of whole milk powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract and the whole milk powder, respectively crushing to pass through a 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and then putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
Example 9
The present example also provides a nutritional composition comprising 60g of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder prepared according to the method of example 1, 10g of mulberry leaf extract prepared according to the method of example 1, and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the mulberry leaf extract and the red date powder, respectively crushing to pass through a 80-mesh sieve, premixing for 2min under manual stirring, and then putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
Example 10
This example provides an antioxidant composition comprising 60g of Tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder prepared according to the method of example 1 and 10g of mulberry leaf extract prepared according to the method of example 1.
The preparation method of the antioxidant composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder and the mulberry leaf extract, respectively crushing the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder and the mulberry leaf extract until the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder and the mulberry leaf extract are sieved by a 80-mesh sieve, premixing the obtained product for 2min under manual stirring, and then putting the obtained product into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed; the nutritional composition is obtained.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a nutritional composition comprising 60g of tenebrio molitor larva isolated protein powder, 20g of whole milk powder and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of the tenebrio molitor larva separated protein powder, the whole milk powder and the red date powder, respectively crushing to pass through a 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and then putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example provides a nutritional composition comprising 60g of tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder prepared according to the method of example 1, 20g of whole milk powder, and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the nutritional composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of the tenebrio molitor larva hydrolyzed protein powder, the whole milk powder and the red date powder, respectively crushing to pass through a 80-mesh sieve, manually stirring, premixing for 2min, and then putting into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides an antioxidant composition comprising 60g of soy protein isolate powder and 10g of mulberry leaf extract.
The comparative example provides a nutritional composition comprising 60g of soybean larva isolated protein powder, 10g of mulberry leaf extract, 20g of whole milk powder, and 10g of red date powder.
The preparation method of the antioxidant composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking soybean protein isolate powder, a mulberry leaf extract, whole milk powder and red date powder with selected weights, respectively crushing the soybean protein isolate powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder until the soybean protein isolate powder, the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder are sieved by a 80-mesh sieve, premixing the soybean protein isolate powder and the red date powder for 2min under manual stirring, and then putting the premixed soybean protein isolate powder and the red; the nutritional composition is obtained.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a nutritional composition comprising 10g of mulberry leaf extract, 20g of whole milk powder, 10g of red date powder prepared according to the method of example 1.
The preparation method of the antioxidant composition comprises the following steps: respectively taking the selected weight of mulberry leaf extract, whole milk powder and red date powder, respectively crushing the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder until the mulberry leaf extract, the whole milk powder and the red date powder are sieved by a 80-mesh sieve, premixing the mixture for 2min under manual stirring, and then putting the mixture into a mixer, wherein the mixing time is 30min, and the rotating speed of the mixer is 25 r/min; the nutritional composition is obtained.
Experimental example 1
The nutritional compositions prepared in examples 1 to 9, the antioxidant composition prepared in example 10, and the nutritional compositions prepared in each ratio were tested for antioxidant properties as follows.
The total phenol determination method comprises the following steps: dissolving 1g sample in 49mL distilled water, filtering, mixing 0.3mL filtrate with 1mL LFolin-Ciocalteu reagent (Folin-Seocaltet reagent), adding 3mL Na with 10% by weight2CO3Then distilled water was added to 10 mL. The mixture was left at room temperature for 2 hours, and the absorbance at 765nm was measured using an ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometer. Substituting gallic acid standard solution (solvent is distilled water, concentration is 0.01mM, 0.04mM, 0.06mM, 0.08mM, 0.1mM) for sample filtrate, respectively measuring absorbance, making standard curve, and calculating total phenol content in the sample.
The method for measuring the total flavonoids comprises the following steps: 1g of the sample was dispersed in 25ml of an 80% by volume aqueous ethanol solution and heated at 75 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain an extract. To 0.5ml of the extract was added 5ml of 90% by volume diethylene glycol aqueous solution, 0.5ml of 1N NaOH aqueous solution, treated at 37 ℃ for 60min, and the absorbance was measured at 765nm using a UV/visible spectrophotometer (Ultrospec 2100pro, Biochrom Co. Ltd., Cambridge, England). Replacing the extract with naringin (naringin) standard solution (solvent is 80% ethanol solution, and the concentrations are 0.01mM, 0.04mM, 0.06mM, 0.08mM and 0.1mM respectively), measuring absorbance respectively, making standard curve, and calculating total flavone content in the sample.
DPPH radical scavenging Activity (%) assay method, 1g of a sample to be assayed is dissolved in 49mL of distilled water, and filtered to obtain an extract. 0.7mL of the extract was added to 5mL of a 0.1mM DPPH (1, 1-diphenyl-2-piperidinylhydrazyl) solution (solvent: absolute ethanol), mixed well, and allowed to stand in the dark for 30 minutes, after which the absorbance value was measured at 517nm using an ultraviolet/visible spectrophotometer, and no extract was added as a control. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract was calculated according to the following formula:
DPPH scavenging activity(％)＝(A2-A1)/A2
wherein A is1Absorbance measured for added extract; a. the2Absorbance measured for the control group without added extract.
ABTS + free radical scavenging activity (%) test method: 1g of the sample was dissolved in 49mL of distilled water, and filtered to obtain an extract. A7 mmol/L ABTS solution (solvent distilled water) was mixed with a potassium persulfate solution (final potassium persulfate concentration of 2.45mmol/L), and left in the dark at room temperature for 16 hours to prepare an ABTS radical solution. Before use, the ABTS free radical solution is diluted to a working solution state by using absolute ethyl alcohol, namely, the absorbance at 734nm is 0.70 +/-0.02, and the ABTS free radical working solution is obtained. mu.L of the extract was taken, 5mL of ABTS free radical working solution was added, mixed well, and then reacted at room temperature for 10min, and the absorbance was measured at 734 nm. The reaction solution prepared by replacing the sample extract with absolute ethanol was used as a control group. The ABTS + free radical scavenging activity of the extract was calculated according to the following formula:
ABTS scavenging a ctivity(％)＝A2-(A1-A0)/A2×100％
wherein A is0For extraction ofAbsorbance of the substance at 734nm, A1The absorbance at 734nm of the reaction solution prepared by adding the extract is A2The absorbance at 734nm for the control without added extract.
Iron reduction antioxidant capacity (%) test method, a sample of 1g was dissolved in 49mL of distilled water and filtered to obtain an extract.
Preparing an iron reduction antioxidant capacity (FRAP) working solution: 300mmol/L sodium acetate buffer (pH 3.6), 10mmol/L TPTZ (2,4,6 tripyridyltriazine) solution and 20mmol/L FeCl3·6H2The O solution is mixed in a ratio of 10: 1:1, the working solution is required to be prepared before use.
5mL of FRAP working solution was taken, and then 50. mu.L of the extract was added and heated in a water bath at 37 ℃ for 30 minutes, and then its absorbance at 593nm was measured. With FeSO4·7H2A standard curve was prepared by substituting standard solutions (distilled water as a solvent, at concentrations of 0.1mM, 0.4mM, 0.8mM, 1.2mM, and 1.6mM, respectively) for the sample extracts. FeSO for Total Oxidation resistance of sample solution4·7H2Calculated as O (0-3000. mu. mol/L) equivalent.
The results are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1 Oxidation resistance test results
As can be seen from the above table, compared to comparative examples 1-2 and 4 in which tenebrio molitor protein and mulberry leaf extract are used alone as antioxidants and comparative example 3 in which isolated soy protein and mulberry leaf extract are used in combination as antioxidants, examples 1-7 of the present invention, by using tenebrio molitor protein and mulberry leaf extract in combination as antioxidants, significantly improved total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the obtained nutritional composition, and significantly improved DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS + radical scavenging activity, and iron reduction antioxidant capacity, indicate that the antioxidant effect is significantly improved, indicating that tenebrio molitor protein and mulberry leaf extract exert a synergistic effect in the present invention. Meanwhile, after hydrolysis treatment is carried out on the yellow mealworm protein isolate by controlling enzymolysis process parameters and the mulberry leaves are subjected to baking treatment, the oxidation resistance of the obtained antioxidant composition is greatly improved compared with that of the antioxidant composition which is not treated.
Experimental example 2
The nutritional compositions prepared in examples 1-9, the antioxidant composition prepared in example 10, and the nutritional composition prepared in each proportion were each 50g, each prepared by soaking in 250ml of warm water at 40 deg.C, stirring for 30s, standing, observing dissolution and performing taste test,
reconstitution solubility and flavor results are shown in table 2 below,
TABLE 2 reconstitution solubility and flavor results
As can be seen from table 2, the nutritional compositions of examples 1 to 6 according to the present invention have significantly improved solubility and flavor compatibility compared to comparative examples 1 to 3, while examples 1 to 3 according to the present invention have improved solubility and solution stability by controlling the time of enzymatic hydrolysis or the concentration of the substrate by optimizing the hydrolyzed protein of tenebrio molitor larvae, have no caking, have the best taste, have no odor, and have a good flavor, and have a good taste and high antioxidant property compared to examples 4 to 6. The nutritional composition in example 8 has no red date powder, and thus can feel peculiar insect smell and milk powder smell in the aspect of mouthfeel; the nutrient composition in example 9 has general overall solubility due to no milk base, and the solution has sediment at the bottom after being placed and is easy to agglomerate; in example 10, only two antioxidant compositions of tenebrio molitor protein and mulberry leaf extract have general overall solubility, and after the solution is placed, the bottom of the solution is precipitated, so that the solution is easy to cake and has poor flavor. Therefore, the milk powder and the fruit and vegetable powder have great influence on the solubility and the flavor coordination of the nutritional composition.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. Application of tenebrio molitor protein and mulberry leaf extract in preparing antioxidant products.
2. The use of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the tenebrio molitor protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 40-100: 10-30, preferably, the yellow mealworm protein comprises yellow mealworm hydrolyzed protein and/or yellow mealworm isolated protein.
3. An antioxidant composition comprising tenebrio molitor protein and a mulberry leaf extract.
4. The antioxidant composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass ratio of the tenebrio molitor protein to the mulberry leaf extract is 40-100: 10-30 parts of; preferably, the tenebrio molitor protein comprises a tenebrio molitor hydrolyzed protein and/or a tenebrio molitor isolated protein.
5. A nutritional composition comprising the antioxidant composition of claim 3 or 4, further comprising at least one nutritional ingredient;
preferably, the nutritional ingredient is selected from at least one of milk base, fruit and vegetable powder, carbohydrates, prebiotics, probiotics, fish oil, vitamins, minerals.
6. The nutritional composition according to claim 5, comprising, based on 100% of the total mass of the nutritional composition:
50-70 wt% of the antioxidant composition;
10-30 wt% of milk base material;
5-25 wt% of fruit and vegetable powder.
7. The nutritional composition of claim 6, wherein the milk base is selected from at least one of whole milk powder, skim milk powder, whey powder, and whey protein powder; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the fruit and vegetable powder is dry powder prepared by taking fruits and vegetables as raw materials; the fruit and vegetable is at least one selected from strawberry, mango, blueberry, hawthorn, red date, purple sweet potato and pumpkin.
8. A method for preparing a nutritional composition, comprising mixing the antioxidant composition of claim 3 or 4 with nutritional ingredients.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the raw materials are crushed to pass through a 80-100 mesh sieve before mixing; and/or the mixing time is 15-30min, and the rotating speed is 15-25 rpm.
10. The method for preparing a nutritional composition according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the method for preparing the mulberry leaf extract comprises the following steps: mixing folium Mori with water, extracting, filtering, collecting filtrate, and drying to obtain the final product;
preferably, the mass ratio of the mulberry leaves to the water is 1:10-30 parts of;
preferably, the extraction temperature is 60-100 deg.C, and the extraction time is 0.5-2 h;
preferably, the mulberry leaves are previously baked at 50-80 ℃ for 6-8h before being mixed with water.
11. A method of preparing a nutritional composition according to any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the method of preparing the tenebrio molitor protein hydrolysate comprises the steps of:
a pretreatment step: dispersing the yellow mealworm protein isolate in water to obtain a mixed solution; heating, cooling, and adjusting pH to 7.5-8.5 to obtain protein solution;
an enzymolysis step: mixing the protein solution with alkaline protease, heating, inactivating enzyme, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and drying.
12. A method of preparing a nutritional composition according to claim 11,
in the pretreatment step, the mass of the tenebrio molitor protein isolate contained in each 100ml of mixed liquor is controlled to be 4-6 g; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the pretreatment step, the heating temperature is controlled to be 80-90 ℃, and the heating time is 15-25 min; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
in the enzymolysis step, the heating temperature is controlled to be 55-65 ℃, and the heating time is 2.5-3.5 h.
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