CN112931604A - Sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata - Google Patents
Sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 241001313734 Dictyophora Species 0.000 title abstract description 25
- 241000890685 Dictyophora rubrovolvata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 152
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 54
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010835 comparative analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001313708 Dictyophora phalloidea Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001055 chewing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/02—Dehydrating; Subsequent reconstitution
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata, which comprises the following steps: step one, obtaining dictyophora rubrovolvata, and sequentially carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain primary-processed dictyophora rubrovolvata; and step two, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 20-40 min, and then drying for 2-3h under the conditions that the temperature is 25-45 ℃ and the humidity is 15-35% to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata. In the first step, the conditions of moisture removal and shaping are as follows: the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the humidity is 50-60%, and the time is 5-7 h. In the first step, the conditions of drying and fixing color are as follows: the temperature is 35-45 ℃, the humidity is 30-40%, and the time is 6-8 h. The drying method of the dictyophora rubrovolvata can keep the integrity of the fungal skirt without fracture, and the obtained dried dictyophora rubrovolvata has luster and fresh white color, effectively improves the appearance of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata and improves the quality of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of drying methods. More specifically, the invention relates to a sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovolvata.
Background
Dictyophora rubrovolvata (Dictyophora rubrovolvata) is a rare characteristic edible fungus variety in Guizhou, and Dictyophora rubrovolvata becomes a national geographical mark product in 2010, and is one of the famous and medicinal fungi in China and even the world due to the unique and beautiful appearance and nutrition of Dictyophora rubrovolvata. The fresh dictyophora phalloidea has extremely short preservation period, generally requires drying treatment within 2 hours after harvesting, and loses the edible value after 24 hours of no treatment. In recent years, the yield of dictyophora rubrovolvata is increased year by year. However, the processing technology is backward, the processing of the dry product is less than 20 percent, the resource waste is serious, and the industrial development is seriously restricted. At present, the traditional drying mode is mostly adopted in the processing of dried products in the market, so that the problems of uneven quality of the dried bamboo fungus products, serious overproof sulfur residue, shriveling appearance, yellow color and the like are caused, and the economic value of the rare characteristic edible fungus is not really realized. At present, the product is baked by adopting a traditional bamboo fungus baking mode, and the obtained dictyophora rubrovolvata has a shrunk shape and a yellow color, so that the quality of the dictyophora rubrovolvata is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and to provide at least the advantages described later.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a sulfur-free drying method of dictyophora rubrovolvata, which can maintain the integrity of the fungal skirt without breakage, and the obtained dried dictyophora rubrovolvata has luster and fresh white color, effectively improve the appearance of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata, and improve the quality of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a 1, Dictyophora rubrovolvata sulfur-free drying method, characterized by comprising the steps of:
step one, obtaining dictyophora rubrovolvata, and sequentially carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain primary-processed dictyophora rubrovolvata;
and step two, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 20-40 min, and then drying for 2-3h under the conditions that the temperature is 25-45 ℃ and the humidity is 15-35% to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
Preferably, in the step one, the conditions for moisture removal and setting are as follows: the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the humidity is 50-60%, and the time is 5-7 h.
Preferably, in the step one, the drying and fixing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 35-45 ℃, the humidity is 30-40%, and the time is 6-8 h.
Preferably, the moisture removing and setting in the step one, the drying and the color fixing in the step two and the drying in the air heat pump drying room are all carried out.
Preferably, in the step one, the method for obtaining dictyophora rubrovolvata comprises the following steps: and (4) removing caps of the picked dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain the dictyophora rubrovolvata in the step one.
Preferably, the picked dictyophora rubrovolvata is subjected to dehumidifying, shaping, drying and color fixing within 5-120 min.
Preferably, in the second step, the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata is exposed in the air for 30min, and the specific processing method comprises the following steps: exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 5min, then processing under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃, the humidity is 45% and the time is 20min, exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 10min after the processing is finished, then processing under the conditions that the temperature is 45 ℃, the humidity is 40% and the time is 15min, exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 15min after the processing is finished, and finally drying the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata under the conditions that the temperature is 30 ℃ and the humidity is 25% for 2.5h to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the sulfur-free drying method of dictyophora rubrovolvata can keep the mushroom skirt complete and free from breakage, and the obtained dried dictyophora rubrovolvata has luster and fresh white color, effectively improves the appearance of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata and improves the quality of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
Secondly, the sum of protein, fat and amino acid of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata prepared by the method is obviously higher than that of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained in the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, namely, the sulfur-free drying method of the dictyophora rubrovolvata can effectively reduce the loss of nutrient components in the drying process.
Thirdly, the drying dictyophora rubrovolvata prepared by the invention and the drying dictyophora rubrovolvata are rehydrated, and the shearing force is higher than that of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, which shows that the obtained drying dictyophora rubrovolvata has better toughness, the elasticity and the chewiness of the drying dictyophora rubrovolvata can be effectively improved, and the expansion performance of the rehydrated dictyophora rubrovolvata can be effectively improved.
And fourthly, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 5min, then treating the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata under the conditions of 50 ℃ of temperature, 45% of humidity and 20min of time, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 10min after the treatment is finished, then treating the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata under the conditions of 45 ℃ of temperature, 40% of humidity and 15min of time, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 15min after the treatment is finished, and intermittently exposing the primarily treated and dried dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air, so that the performance and the shearing force of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata can be effectively improved.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of dried dictyophora rubrovolvata prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a comparison diagram of dried dictyophora rubrovolvata prepared according to the present invention, wherein, from left to right, dried dictyophora rubrovolvata prepared according to comparative example 1, example 3, comparative example 2, and comparative example 3 are sequentially shown;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a fresh Dictyophora rubrovolvata product in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the nutrient contents of dried Dictyophora rubrovolvata according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a comparison of water content of the dried Dictyophora rubrovolvata of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples so that those skilled in the art can practice the invention with reference to the description.
< example 1>
A sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata comprises the following steps:
step one, obtaining dictyophora rubrovolvata, and sequentially carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain primary-processed dictyophora rubrovolvata;
and step two, exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 20min, and then drying for 2h under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 15% to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
< example 2>
A sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata comprises the following steps:
step one, removing fungus caps of picked dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain dictyophora rubrovolvata, and sequentially carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain primary-processed dictyophora rubrovolvata;
and step two, exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 20min, and then drying for 2h under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the humidity is 15% to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
In the first step, the conditions of moisture removal and shaping are as follows: the temperature is 50 ℃, the humidity is 50%, and the time is 5 h.
In the first step, the conditions of drying and fixing color are as follows: the temperature is 35 ℃, the humidity is 30 percent and the time is 6 hours.
And the moisture removal and setting, the drying and the color fixing in the first step and the drying in the second step are all carried out in an air heat pump drying room.
And (3) carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the picked dictyophora rubrovolvata within 5 min.
< example 3>
A sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata comprises the following steps:
step one, removing fungus caps of picked dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain dictyophora rubrovolvata, and sequentially carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain primary-processed dictyophora rubrovolvata;
and step two, exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 30min, and then drying for 2.5h under the conditions that the temperature is 35 ℃ and the humidity is 25% to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
In the first step, the conditions of moisture removal and shaping are as follows: the temperature is 55 ℃, the humidity is 55 percent and the time is 6 h.
In the first step, the conditions of drying and fixing color are as follows: the temperature and the humidity are 40 ℃ and 35 percent, and the time is 7 hours.
And the moisture removal and setting, the drying and the color fixing in the first step and the drying in the second step are all carried out in an air heat pump drying room.
And (3) carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the picked Dictyophora rubrovalvata within 65 min.
< example 4>
A sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata comprises the following steps:
step one, removing fungus caps of picked dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain dictyophora rubrovolvata, and sequentially carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain primary-processed dictyophora rubrovolvata;
and step two, exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 40min, and then drying for 3h under the conditions that the temperature is 45 ℃ and the humidity is 35% to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
In the first step, the conditions of moisture removal and shaping are as follows: the temperature is 60 ℃, the humidity is 60 percent, and the time is 7 hours.
In the first step, the conditions of drying and fixing color are as follows: the temperature is 45 ℃, the humidity is 40 percent, and the time is 8 hours.
And the moisture removal and setting, the drying and the color fixing in the first step and the drying in the second step are all carried out in an air heat pump drying room.
And (3) carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the picked Dictyophora rubrovalvata within 120 min.
< example 5>
A sulfur-free drying method of Dictyophora rubrovalvata comprises the following steps:
step one, removing fungus caps of picked dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain dictyophora rubrovolvata, and sequentially carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain primary-processed dictyophora rubrovolvata;
and step two, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 5min, then treating the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃, the humidity is 45% and the time is 20min, after the treatment is finished, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 10min, then treating the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata under the conditions that the temperature is 45 ℃, the humidity is 40% and the time is 15min, after the treatment is finished, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 15min, and finally drying the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata under the conditions that the temperature is 30 ℃ and the humidity is 25% for 2.5h to obtain the dried dictyophora.
In the first step, the conditions of moisture removal and shaping are as follows: the temperature is 55 ℃, the humidity is 55 percent and the time is 6 h.
In the first step, the conditions of drying and fixing color are as follows: the temperature and the humidity are 40 ℃ and 35 percent, and the time is 7 hours.
And the moisture removal and setting, the drying and the color fixing in the first step and the drying in the second step are all carried out in an air heat pump drying room.
And (3) carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the picked Dictyophora rubrovalvata within 65 min.
< comparative example 1>
Adopt traditional coal fire stoving mode, the concrete condition is: the drying temperature is 70 ℃ and the drying time is 20 h.
< comparative example 2>
A vacuum-microwave and blast air combined drying mode is adopted, and the specific conditions are as follows: vacuum microwave drying at 80Pa, drying coefficient of 0.85, material water content of 88%, temperature of 15 deg.C for 35min, and forced air drying oven temperature of 45 deg.C for 9 h.
< comparative example 3>
A vacuum freeze drying mode is adopted, and the specific conditions are as follows: freezing at-80 deg.C for 1.5h, and lyophilizing at-50 deg.C under vacuum degree of 15Pa for 18 h.
< characterization of results >
The picked dictyophora rubrovolvata is dried by adopting the dictyophora rubrovolvata drying methods of example 5, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3, and four groups of dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained by the methods are detected as follows:
1. influence on oven-dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata nutritional ingredients
The contents of the total of protein, fat, crude fiber, ash, total sugar and amino acid in each group of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained in example 3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are detected, the detection results are shown in fig. 3, and the contents of the total of protein, fat and amino acid in example 3 are higher than the corresponding contents in comparative example 1 and comparative example 2, which shows that the loss of the nutrient components in the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata can be reduced.
2. Influence on the appearance and size of dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata
The stipe length, the stipe width, the stipe thickness, the fungus skirt thickness and the fungus skirt length (the size of the selected fresh dictyophora rubrovolvata products is uniform) of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained in example 3, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are detected, and the detection results are shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 external dimensions of dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata
| Numbering | Length/cm of stipe | Width/cm of stipe | Thickness/cm of stipe | Thickness/cm of mushroom skirt | Length/cm of mushroom skirt |
| Example 3 | 14.99 | 2.01 | 0.36 | 0.12 | 7.70 |
| Comparative example 1 | 12.62 | 1.85 | 0.25 | 0.11 | 6.55 |
| Comparative example 2 | 13.51 | 2.08 | 0.30 | 0.14 | 6.91 |
The comparative analysis on the appearance of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata in the example 3, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 shows that the length of the stipe, the thickness of the stipe and the length of the fungus skirt in the example 3 are superior to those in the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2, which shows that the invention can effectively maintain the appearance of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata and ensure that the appearance of the dried and dried dictyophora rubrovolvata is closer to the appearance of a fresh dictyophora rubrovolvata product.
3. Figure picture
Fig. 1 shows dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained by the present invention, fig. 2 shows comparative examples 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 (dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained by using comparative example 1, example 3, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 is sequentially arranged from left to right), fig. 3 shows a fresh dictyophora rubrovolvata, and it can be illustrated that the appearance of dried dictyophora rubrovolvata can be better maintained in example 3 of the present invention according to fig. 2.
4. Water content of dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata
The water content of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained in example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 was detected, and the detection result is shown in fig. 5; the moisture content of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata is preferably 12% -13%, the water content is too low and is easy to break and too high and is easy to be damaged by worms and mildewed, and as can be seen from the figure 5, the water content of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained by the method is 12.18%, and the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata is easy to store.
5. TPA performance influence of dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata
The hardness, adhesiveness, cohesiveness, elasticity, adhesiveness, chewiness of the dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata obtained in example 5, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, and comparative example 3 were measured, and the measurement results are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2 dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata TPA Performance
Comparative analysis shows that the elasticity and the adhesiveness of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata of the comparative examples 3, 1 and 2 are higher than those of the comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, and the hardness, the adhesiveness and the cohesiveness of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata of the example 5 are obviously higher than those of the example 3, which shows that the TPA performance of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata of the example 5 can be effectively improved by the preparation method of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata of the invention.
6. TPA performance of dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata after rehydration
The dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained in example 5, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 is subjected to rehydration, the TPA performance of the rehydrated dictyophora rubrovolvata is respectively detected, the detection results are shown in table 3, and the rehydration method comprises the following steps: taking stipe with length of 3.0cm and width of 2.0cm, soaking in water at 80 deg.C for 1h, draining water, and measuring with TPA under the following conditions: the speed before the test is 60 mm.min by adopting a pressing mode, adopting a 50mm disc and using a 1000N force sensor-1And the test speed is 60 mm/min-1Speed 60mm & min after test-1Interval time 5s, compression ratio 45%. Each sample is measured for 10 times, and the average value of the measurement indexes is taken for result analysis;
TABLE 3 TPA Performance of Dictyophora rubrovalvata after rehydration
| Hardness (N) | Adhesion (MJ) | Cohesion property | Elasticity (mm) | Tackiness (N) | Chewiness (MJ) | |
| Example 3 | 38.47 | 0.26 | 0.55 | 2.14 | 21.67 | 46.5 |
| Example 5 | 39.46 | 0.51 | 0.58 | 2.45 | 21.94 | 47.21 |
| Comparative example 1 | 39.31 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 1.8 | 21.58 | 38.28 |
| Comparative example 2 | 37.59 | 0.44 | 0.55 | 1.71 | 21.96 | 38.95 |
| Comparative example 3 | 35.58 | 0.54 | 0.44 | 2.06 | 14.46 | 27.34 |
Comparative analysis example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2, and comparative example 3, compared with dried dictyophora rubrovolvata, the elasticity and chewiness of the rehydrated dictyophora rubrovolvata in example 3 are obviously increased, which shows that the swelling performance of the rehydrated dried dictyophora rubrovolvata prepared by the invention is increased, and the energy required for chewing is increased.
7. Shearing force of dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata
The shear force of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained in example 5, example 3, comparative example 1, comparative example 2 and comparative example 3 is detected, meanwhile, the four groups of dried dictyophora rubrovolvata are subjected to rehydration, the shear force is detected, and the detection result is shown in table 4;
TABLE 4 shear force of dried Dictyophora rubrovalvata
| Shearing force (N) of drying Dictyophora rubrovalvata | Shearing force (N) of reconstituted Dictyophora rubrovalvata | |
| Example 3 | 7.03 | 56.96 |
| Example 5 | 7.37 | 58.04 |
| Comparative example 1 | 5.78 | 53.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 6.42 | 48.56 |
| Comparative example 3 | 5.48 | 42.35 |
The shearing force represents the resistance when the sample is sheared, and the shearing force of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata and the rehydrated dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained in the examples 5, 3, 1, 2 and 3 is higher than that of the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata, 2 and 3 in the examples 5 and 3 according to the comparative example 1, 2 and 3, which shows that the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata obtained in the invention has better toughness.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable to various fields of endeavor for which the invention may be embodied with additional modifications as would be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is therefore not limited to the details given herein and to the embodiments shown and described without departing from the generic concept as defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (7)
1. The sulfur-free drying method of dictyophora rubrovolvata is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, obtaining dictyophora rubrovolvata, and sequentially carrying out moisture elimination, shaping, drying and color fixing on the dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain primary-processed dictyophora rubrovolvata;
and step two, exposing the primarily treated dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 20-40 min, and then drying for 2-3h under the conditions that the temperature is 25-45 ℃ and the humidity is 15-35% to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
2. The Dictyophora rubrovolvata sulfur-free drying method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the conditions for moisture removal and shaping are as follows: the temperature is 50-60 ℃, the humidity is 50-60%, and the time is 5-7 h.
3. The sulfur-free Dictyophora rubrovolvata drying method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the drying and color fixing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 35-45 ℃, the humidity is 30-40%, and the time is 6-8 h.
4. The Dictyophora rubrovolvata sulfur-free drying method according to claim 1, wherein the moisture-removing and shaping, the drying and the color fixing in the first step and the drying in the second step are all performed in an air heat pump drying room.
5. The Dictyophora rubrovolvata sulfur-free drying method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the method for obtaining Dictyophora rubrovolvata comprises the following steps: and (4) removing caps of the picked dictyophora rubrovolvata to obtain the dictyophora rubrovolvata in the step one.
6. The Dictyophora rubrovolvata sulfur-free drying method according to claim 5, wherein the picked Dictyophora rubrovolvata is subjected to moisture elimination, sizing, drying and color fixing within 5-120 min.
7. The Dictyophora rubrovolvata sulfur-free drying method of claim 1, wherein in the second step, the Dictyophora rubrovolvata treated at one time is exposed in the air for 30min, and the specific treatment method comprises the following steps: exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 5min, then processing under the conditions that the temperature is 50 ℃, the humidity is 45% and the time is 20min, exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 10min after the processing is finished, then processing under the conditions that the temperature is 45 ℃, the humidity is 40% and the time is 15min, exposing the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata in the air for 15min after the processing is finished, and finally drying the primary processed dictyophora rubrovolvata under the conditions that the temperature is 30 ℃ and the humidity is 25% for 2.5h to obtain the dried dictyophora rubrovolvata.
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