CN112928863A - 车辆系统中的电动马达-发电机及其操作方法 - Google Patents

车辆系统中的电动马达-发电机及其操作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112928863A
CN112928863A CN202011393703.7A CN202011393703A CN112928863A CN 112928863 A CN112928863 A CN 112928863A CN 202011393703 A CN202011393703 A CN 202011393703A CN 112928863 A CN112928863 A CN 112928863A
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China
Prior art keywords
generator
engine
electric motor
rotor
torque converter
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CN202011393703.7A
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Inventor
托马斯·拉塞尔·迈克布莱德
梅根·麦肯齐·古尔德
杜安·艾伦·路易斯
杰森·迈克尔·桑德森
布兰登·大卫·林特
詹姆斯·特伦特
布赖恩·理查德·莱特
埃里克·巴甫洛夫
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Publication of CN112928863A publication Critical patent/CN112928863A/zh
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    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1861Rotary generators driven by animals or vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
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    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
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    • HELECTRICITY
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    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4825Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox input shaft

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Abstract

本公开提供了“车辆系统中的电动马达‑发电机及其操作方法”。提供了用于车辆中的电动马达‑发电机的方法和系统。在一个示例中,提供了一种电动马达‑发电机,所述电动马达‑发电机包括:发动机接口,其被配置为旋转地联接到第一发动机;变速器接口,其被配置为旋转地联接到所述第一发动机的第一变速器;以及具有多个磁体的转子,所述多个磁体至少部分地围绕包括多个线圈的定子。所述转子旋转地联接到所述发动机接口和所述变速器接口。

Description

车辆系统中的电动马达-发电机及其操作方法
技术领域
本说明书总体上涉及车辆系统中的电动马达-发电机以及用于操作所述电动马达-发电机和车辆系统的方法。
背景技术
混合动力车辆已经将电动马达结合到车辆传动系中的各个位置,以提高车辆燃料经济性并提供起步辅助能力。已经尝试将电动马达集成到现有的传动系架构中。例如,在一些混合动力车辆中,离合器定位在发动机与电动马达之间。离合器的位置使得能够实现再生制动效率增益,并且还允许电动马达在某些情况下(如果需要)在再生操作期间以更高的转速旋转。
一种将电动马达-发电机直接结合到发动机变速器中的示例性方法由Fujikawa等人在U.S.6,492,742 B1中示出。Fujikawa公开了一种集成到变矩器中的内转式电动马达。内转式配置将固定定子周向地围绕转子布置,所述转子在由所述定子界定的内部区域中旋转。
然而,本发明人已经认识到在Fujikawa所公开的内转式马达的若干问题。例如,由于定子中的线圈的布局,可能难以将定子封装在发动机中。此外,在某些模块化混合动力变速器(MHT)中,内转式((inrunner))电动马达附接到变速器变矩器。然而,变矩器与内转式马达之间的附接先前已经经由焊接接头、铆钉或其他永久性机械附接技术而实现。因此,变矩器是MHT所独有的,并且难以对马达和变矩器两者进行维修和平衡。因此,可重新设计发动机和/或变速器以适应内转式马达的集成,从而增加了车辆生产成本。
发明内容
在一个示例中,上述问题可通过车辆中的电动马达-发电机来解决。在一个示例中,所述电动马达-发电机包括被配置为旋转地联接到第一发动机的发动机接口和被配置为旋转地联接到所述第一发动机的第一变速器的变速器接口。所述电动马达-发电机还包括具有多个磁体的转子,所述多个磁体至少部分地围绕包括多个线圈的定子。所述转子旋转地联接到所述发动机接口和所述变速器接口。以这种方式,可将外转式电动马达-发电机有效地封装在车辆系统中。所述外转式马达由于其紧凑的设计而允许所述电动马达-发电机有效地安装在现有的变速器基础设施中(如果需要),从而导致有效的车辆变速器制造和车辆制造成本的降低。与内转式电动马达相比,将转子围绕定子线圈定位还使得所述马达-发电机能够实现效率增益。
作为一个示例,所述电动马达-发电机还可包括可移除地附接到所述发动机接口的插入式(drop-in)模块。在这样的示例中,所述插入式模块可包括被设计成将所述发动机接口与所述变速器接口旋转地连接和断开的分离离合器,或者被设计成抑制来自发动机挠性板的发动机振动的质量阻尼器。以这种方式,所述电动马达-发电机可有效地适于不同的车辆设计。所述插入式模块允许增加所述电动马达-发电机的模块化。因此,如果需要,所述马达-发电机可用于更多种类的车辆上。因此,如果需要,可通过利用规模经济成本优势来降低所述电动马达-发电机的成本。
应当理解,提供以上发明内容是为了以简化的形式介绍在具体实施方式中进一步描述的一系列概念。这不意味着识别所要求保护的主题的关键或本质特征,所要求保护的主题的范围唯一地由在详细描述之后的权利要求限定。另外,所要求保护的主题不限于解决上文或本公开的任何部分中提及的任何缺点的实施方式。
附图说明
图1是包括发动机和电动马达-发电机的车辆的示意图。
图2是包括联接到发动机和变速器的电动马达-发电机的车辆系统的横截面图。
图3是图2中所示的车辆系统的分解图。
图4至图6示出了包括在图2至图3中所示的电动马达-发电机中的插入式模块的不同实施例。
图7示出了包括不同的变矩器的发动机生产线,其中类似的电动马达-发电机附接到所述变矩器中的每一个。
图8示出了电动马达-发电机的操作方法。
具体实施方式
以下描述涉及用于有效地将电动马达-发电机集成到车辆中的系统和方法。在一个实施例中,所述电动马达-发电机包括经由发动机接口附接到发动机挠性板或其他合适的发动机部件的转子。所述转子还通过变速器接口附接到变速器。在本领域中所谓的外转式(outrunner)电动马达配置中,所述转子至少部分地周向地围绕定子的线圈。如果需要,这种外转式电动马达-发电机由于其紧凑的布置而允许电动马达-发电机有效地安装在现有变速器基础设施中。因此,可降低车辆制造成本。与内转式电动马达相比,将所述转子围绕定子线圈定位还使得所述马达-发电机能够实现效率增益。在一个示例中,所述电动马达-发电机还可包括插入式模块,所述插入式模块可包括分离离合器或质量阻尼器。所述分离离合器用于将发动机与变速器联接/分离,并且所述质量阻尼器用于抑制发动机振动。所述插入式模块允许所述电动马达-发电机适于不同的车辆配置。因此,如果需要,可进一步降低所述电动马达-发电机的制造成本。
现在参考图1,示出了车辆100的示意图。车辆100包括发动机102、电动马达-发电机104和变速器106,所述变速器106根据工况从发动机102和/或电动马达-发电机104接收旋转输入。车辆100还包括燃料输送系统108、进气系统110和排气系统112。
进气系统110向发动机102中的气缸114提供进气。在发动机操作期间,气缸114可经历四冲程循环,所述四冲程循环包括进气冲程、压缩冲程、膨胀冲程和排气冲程。因此,气缸产生用于车辆的动力能量。尽管在图1中示出了多个发动机气缸,但是应当理解,发动机102可包括替代数量的气缸,诸如单个气缸。进气系统110包括进气管道116和定位在其中的节气门118,以允许调整提供给气缸114的进气的流率。节气门118可包括板、枢轴和/或其他合适的机械部件以允许进行进气气流调整。进气系统110还包括与气缸114流体连通的进气歧管120。进气系统110可包括选择性地向气缸提供进气的进气门(未示出)以及使得空气能够被输送到气缸的其他部件。
燃料输送系统108被设计成将计量量的燃料输送到发动机102中的气缸114,并且包括燃料存储箱122和燃料泵124。燃料输送系统108还包括向气缸提供燃料并从燃料泵124接收燃料的喷射器126。虽然示出了单个喷射器,但是可为每个气缸提供多个喷射器。喷射器在图1中被示为直接喷射器。然而,应当理解,在进气门(未示出)上游将燃料喷射到进气系统中的一个或多个进气道燃料喷射器可另外或替代地包括在燃料输送系统108中。
排气系统112被设计成通过排气门(未示出)从气缸114接收排气。排气系统112包括排气歧管128、排气管道130以及用于实现该功能的其他部件。应当理解,排气歧管128可与排气门(未示出)流体连通。排气系统112还可包括用于减少排气尾管排放的排放控制装置(未示出),所述排放控制装置可包括催化剂、过滤器、其组合等以减少排放。
活塞131定位在气缸114中。活塞131的往复运动可经由杆和/或在134处指示的其他合适的机械部件传递到曲轴132。曲轴132旋转地联接到被设计成附接到电动马达-发电机104的附接装置136(例如,挠性板)。附接装置136用作电动马达-发电机104的安装点。在其他示例中,附接装置可为飞轮。在这种示例中,飞轮可被设计成在某些工况期间存储旋转能量,并且用作电动马达-发电机104的安装点。
在一个示例中,发动机102还可包括点火系统(未示出),所述点火系统被配置为经由点火装置(例如,火花塞)以期望的时间间隔向气缸114提供火花。另外或替代地,发动机102可执行气缸114中的压缩点火。
电动马达-发电机104被设计成将旋转能量输送到变速器106并从发动机102接收能量。电动马达-发电机104被配置为经由有线和/或无线能量传递将能量传递到能量存储装置137(例如,电池、电容器、其组合等)以及从所述能量存储装置137接收能量。电动马达-发电机104的功能和结构设计在本文中关于图2至图7进行更详细的描述。在图1中示意性地描绘了电动马达-发电机104。然而,应当理解,电动马达-发电机104具有关于图2至图7扩展的更大的结构复杂性。
电动马达-发电机104还被设计成通过附接部件138(例如,变矩器)将旋转能量传递到变速器106。因此,附接部件138可用作用于旋转能量传递和机械附接的接口。在一个示例中,一组齿轮(例如,多个离散齿轮、无级变速齿轮等)可包括在变速器106中。齿轮传动装置允许改变下游部件(例如,车桥、驱动轮、差速器等)的转速。因此,变速器106可将动力传递到驱动轮142。继而,驱动轮142接触驱动表面144,使得车辆能够沿着期望的路径行进。应当理解,电动马达-发电机104可集成到两个或四个车轮驱动变速器中。另外,在一个示例中,变速器106可为自动变速器,其中在车辆操作期间自动选择齿轮比。
图1中所示的车辆100是混合动力车辆,其具有可用于驱动轮142的多个扭矩源。动力传动系统具体地以并联式混合动力配置示出。然而,已经预期其他混合动力车辆配置。在一个示例中,车辆100包括电动马达-发电机104中的分离离合器,所述分离离合器被配置为将发动机102与变速器106旋转地连接/断开。变速器106可包括齿轮箱140、行星齿轮和/或其他合适的齿轮传动部件,使得能够选择车辆的齿轮比(例如,驱动齿轮)。当变速器包括齿轮箱时,可选择多个离散齿轮。然而,在无级变速器的情况下,变速器中可使用连续范围的齿轮比。
图1还示出了车辆100中的控制器150。具体地,控制器150在图1中被示出为常规微型计算机,其包括:微处理器单元152、输入/输出端口154、只读存储器156、随机存取存储器158、保活存储器160和常规数据总线。控制器150被配置为从联接到发动机102的传感器接收各种信号。传感器可包括发动机冷却剂温度传感器170、排气传感器172、进气气流传感器174、环境温度传感器176、发动机转速传感器178等。另外,控制器150还被配置为从踏板位置传感器162接收踏板位置,所述踏板位置传感器162联接到由操作员166致动的踏板164。踏板调整可触发对节气门118的位置的对应调整。
控制器150可被配置为触发一个或多个致动器和/或向部件发送命令。例如,控制器150可触发对节气门118、电动马达-发电机104、变速器106和燃料输送系统108的调整。例如,控制器可向节气门发送命令信号以调整其中的致动器,从而引起节流板的移动(例如,旋转)。从控制器接收命令信号的其他部件可以类似的方式起作用。因此,控制器150接收来自各种传感器的信号,并且基于接收到的信号和存储在控制器的存储器中的指令采用各种致动器来调整发动机操作。
控制器150可被配置为将电动马达-发电机104置于各种模式,诸如再生模式,在所述再生模式下,能量存储装置137通过马达-发电机捕获来自车辆的动能来进行再充电。在辅助模式下,马达-发电机104向变速器106提供旋转能量以向驱动轮142提供动力。因此,电动马达-发电机104允许车辆实现提高的燃料经济性和起步辅助能力。
图2示出了车辆系统201中的电动马达-发电机200的示例的详细视图。图2中所示的电动马达-发电机200是图1所示的电动马达-发电机104的示例。因此,电动马达-发电机可共享共同的结构以及功能特征。例如,图2中所示的电动马达-发电机200可包括在诸如图1所示的车辆100的车辆中。电动马达-发电机200和车辆系统201以横截面示出。图2的横截面图和其他横截面图(图3至图7)的切割平面是延伸穿过系统的旋转轴线的平面。因此,切割平面径向对齐。
电动马达-发电机200包括旋转地联接到发动机部件204的发动机接口202(例如,挠性板适配器)。马达-发电机与发动机部件之间的附接经由箭头206指示。例如,发动机接口202可经由合适的附接设备(例如,螺栓、焊接、夹具、其组合等)联接到挠性板。应当理解,发动机部件204可为图1中所示的发动机102中的部件。
发动机接口202旋转地联接到插入式模块210的模块轴208。插入式模块210可采用若干形式,诸如离合器、阻尼器或非阻尼轴。以这种方式,可增加电动马达-发电机的模块化。在图2所示的特定实施例中,插入式模块210包括质量阻尼器211。质量阻尼器211用于抑制从发动机传递到电动马达-发电机200的振动。质量阻尼器以及插入式模块的其他实施例在本文中关于图4至图6进行更详细的描述。
电动马达-发电机200包括定子212和转子214。定子212包括多个线圈216(例如,励磁绕组)。线圈216被配置为在电动马达-发电机200的辅助模式(例如,增压模式)期间从能量存储装置(例如,电池)接收电能,其中马达-发电机向变速器提供动力。因此,电气管道、无线能量传递装置等可允许能量在马达-发电机与电池之间传递。线圈216还被配置为在电动马达-发电机200正在产生电能的再生模式期间将电能传递到能量存储装置。例如,在再生模式下,马达-发电机可通过使车辆减速来回收能量。线圈可包括合适的金属,诸如钢和/或铝。线圈216定位在线圈架218上。在所示的示例中,线圈架218在轴向方向上延伸。图2以及图3至图7中提供了径向方向250和旋转轴线252以用于参考。应当理解,径向方向是垂直于旋转轴线252的任何方向。此外,旋转轴线252表示车辆系统201的部件围绕其旋转的轴线。另外,在所示示例中,定子212包括径向延伸部220。然而,已经设想了其他定子轮廓。
在马达-发电机的操作期间,定子212可相对于旋转保持基本静止。为了允许定子保持基本上旋转静止,定子212还包括从线圈架218径向向外延伸的安装延伸部222。安装延伸部222各自包括端部223,所述端部223被配置为附接到变矩器的壳体或变速器中用作附接点的其他合适的部件。详细地说,安装延伸部222从转子214中的磁体224(例如,永磁体)径向向外延伸,并且可经由附接装置(例如,螺栓、夹具、焊接等)可移除地附接到变矩器。应当理解,在一个示例中,磁体可包括磁化的金属。安装延伸部222允许电动马达-发电机紧凑地集成到传动系中。因此,如果需要,可提高马达-发电机的封装效率。安装延伸部222还允许建立定子冷却路径,其中热量传递到变矩器壳体,然后消散。以这种方式,可降低定子的操作温度,从而提高马达-发电机效率。
定子212的线圈216与转子214的磁体224之间的电磁相互作用允许电动马达-发电机200与发动机以及变速器之间的旋转能量传递。因此,电动马达-发电机200可执行各种混合动力车辆功能,诸如起步辅助、能量再生、驾驶辅助等,以增加车辆的续航里程和/或燃料经济性。
转子214的磁体224至少部分地周向地围绕定子212的线圈216。以这种方式布置定子和转子在本领域中被称为外转式马达配置。电动马达-发电机的外转式配置提供若干益处,诸如与内转式马达相比,提高了马达-发电机的效率。例如,与内转式马达相比,马达-发电机的外转式布置由于线圈的封装,还允许马达-发电机实现更紧凑的布置。另外,当在车辆系统中使用外转式马达设计时,转子的直径可足够大以允许使用具有期望的附接强度的附接机构(例如,可移除的附接机构,诸如螺柱、螺栓等)。因此,如果需要,外转式马达可能不需要来自基础变速器(例如,基础自动变速器)的独特变矩器,从而导致简化的传动系设计和降低的制造成本。此外,如果需要,使用外转式马达还可允许单独地平衡和维修马达中的零部件。
转子214的磁体224安装在转子架226上。转子架226在轴向方向上从安装到转子轴230的转子板228延伸。定子212中的轴承232和插入式模块210中的轴承234使得转子214能够旋转,并且具体地,使得转子轴230能够旋转。轴承232和234可包括座圈、滚子元件(例如,滚珠、圆柱体等)等,以允许轴230旋转。具体地,每个轴承的内座圈可与转子和模块轴的外表面共面接触。然而,已经设想了轴与轴承之间的另外或替代联接技术。在所述定子中提供一个轴承并且在所述插入式模块中提供另一个轴承允许所述插入式模块在所述车辆系统的生产期间有效地组装在所述电动马达-发电机中。因此,可进一步降低车辆系统的生产成本。
附接装置236被示出为将转子214并且具体地将转子板228附接到变速器240中的变矩器238。在一个示例中,转子板228可附接到变矩器238中的涡轮板。以这种方式,转子214可将旋转能量传递到变矩器238,然后经由输出轴242传递到变速器。
图3示出了具有电动马达-发电机200的车辆系统201的分解图。再次示出了发动机接口202(例如,挠性板适配器)、插入式模块210、定子212、转子214和变矩器238。发动机接口202包括可与发动机挠性板中的凹部配合的延伸部300。然而,在其他示例中,可使用发动机接口与发动机之间的另外或替代联接技术。
插入式模块210包括质量阻尼器211。质量阻尼器211在模块轴208上旋转。当组装电动马达-发电机200时,模块轴208在一个端部304处联接到发动机接口202。在第二端部306处,模块轴208联接到转子轴230的端部308。可经由合适的附接技术(诸如附接装置(例如,螺栓、螺钉等)、焊接、夹具等)来执行任一端部处的轴附接。插入式模块210的壳体310的尺寸被设定为适配在定子212中的内部开口312内。然而,在其他示例中,可从插入式模块中省略壳体。定子212的内部开口312至少部分地由线圈架218的内部表面314和径向延伸部220的表面316划界。插入式模块210还可包括从轴承234(例如,轴承的外座圈)径向延伸的安装部段318。安装部段318可附接到线圈架218,以允许将插入式模块固定在期望的位置。然而,已经设想了其他合适的模块安装技术。
图3还示出了定子212的径向延伸部222。转子214的磁体224以及转子架226和转子板228再次在图3中示出。如前所述,转子架226和磁体224至少部分地周向地围绕定子线圈216。
图4至图6示出了可部署在本文所述的电动马达-发电机(例如,图2至图3中所示的电动马达-发电机200或图7中所示的电动马达-发电机704和720,如在本文中更详细描述的)中的插入式模块的不同实施例。
转向图4,其示出了具有质量阻尼器211的插入式模块210。质量阻尼器211包括从模块轴208突出的架延伸部400。阻尼质量402布置在架延伸部400的远端404上。然而,在其他配置中,架板基本上周向地围绕模块轴208。阻尼质量402可被设定重量和尺寸以衰减源自发动机并从挠性板传播到马达-发电机的振动。因此,质量阻尼特性的调谐可取决于发动机的设计,诸如气缸布置、点火正时、气缸排量、曲轴轮廓等。轴承234和从其延伸的安装延伸部318也在图4中示出。
参考图5,其描绘了具有分离离合器502的插入式模块500。分离离合器502被配置为将发动机附接装置(例如,挠性板)与变速器部件(例如,变矩器)(诸如图1中所示的附接装置136和附接部件138)旋转地联接/分离。
分离离合器502包括旋转地联接到输入轴506的第一组板504和旋转地联接到输出轴510的第二组板508。第一组板504和第二组板508可用作摩擦板以将输入轴506与输出轴510连接和断开。以这种方式,发动机的挠性板可与变矩器连接/断开。在一个示例中,分离离合器502可为电致动的。然而,在其他示例中,可采用液压离合器致动来改变分离离合器的配置。在另一个示例中,也可使用机械单向或可选单向离合器。插入式模块500再次包括轴承512、安装部段514和壳体516。
现在转向图6,其示出了具有非阻尼轴602的插入式模块600。轴承604允许轴602旋转。轴承604联接到壳体606。轴602的第一端部608被设计成附接到挠性板或其他合适的发动机部件。轴602的第二端部610被设计成附接到转子轴的端部,诸如图3中所示的转子轴230的端部308。以这种方式,来自挠性板的旋转能量可被传递到插入式模块轴,然后传递到转子。
图7示出了包括第一发动机701的发动机生产线(engine line)700,所述第一发动机701具有联接到第一电动马达-发电机704的第一挠性板702。示意性地示出了第一发动机701以及图7中所示的其他发动机。然而,应当理解,发动机可能具有另外的结构复杂性,并且包括被设计成实施燃烧操作的部件,诸如气缸、曲轴等。因此,图7中所示的发动机可包括以上关于图1描述的发动机部件的至少一部分。第一电动马达-发电机704还联接到第一变矩器706。详细地说,电动马达-发电机704的定子708包括附接到第一变矩器706的壳体712的安装延伸部710。壳体712中的凹部714使得能够经由附接装置(诸如螺栓)在安装延伸部710与第一变矩器706之间附接。然而,在其他实施例中可使用其他附接技术。附接装置715被示出为将转子717的转子板721附接到第一变矩器706中的板719。
在一个示例中,第一变矩器706和第二变矩器722和/或第一挠性板702和/或第二挠性板718可基本上不被修改以允许电动马达-发电机附接到其上。以这种方式,在一个示例中,如果需要,电动马达-发电机可有效地结合到现有的传动系架构中。然而,在其他示例中,可发生变矩器和/或挠性板的修改以允许马达-发电机附接到其上。本文更详细地讨论第二挠性板718和第二变矩器722。
此外,在一个示例中,由于马达-发电机能够有效地附接到变速器的能力,因此可在将马达-发电机附接到变速器之前组装和测试变速器,所述变速器包括变矩器706和722。因此,如果需要,可进一步降低车辆系统的生产成本。另外,在一些示例中,由于马达-发电机能够有效地附接到变速器的能力和马达-发电机的紧凑布置,因此可与电动马达-发电机的平衡分开地平衡变矩器。因此,可进一步降低车辆成本。
应当理解,旋转能量可从第一发动机701传递到第一电动马达-发电机704,然后传递到第一变矩器706。第一电动马达-发电机704还可在辅助模式期间将能量传递到第一变矩器706,并且在再生模式期间从第一发动机701接收能量。第二发动机716和相关联的部件可具有类似的功能。
发动机生产线700还包括第二发动机716,所述第二发动机716具有联接到第二电动马达-发电机720的第二挠性板718。第二电动马达-发电机720也联接到第二变矩器722。第二电动马达-发电机720的定子726中的安装延伸部724附接到第二变矩器722的壳体728。另外,第二电动马达-发电机720的转子732中的转子板730附接到围绕第二变矩器722中的轴736旋转的旋转板734。第一发动机701和对应的第一变矩器706的尺寸和/或配置与第二发动机716和对应的第二变矩器722不同。例如,第一发动机和第二发动机可具有不同的压缩比。详细地说,第一发动机701可具有比第二发动机716更大的压缩比。
此外,第一变矩器706和第二变矩器722可具有不同的扭矩传递特性但具有类似的安装布置。然而,第一电动马达-发电机704和第二电动马达-发电机720的尺寸、布局和功能性可基本上相同。以这种方式,共同的电动马达-发电机设计可用于两个不同的发动机和对应的变速器系统。因此,降低了发动机生产线700的生产成本。尽管电动马达-发电机704和720各自在插入式模块中具有质量阻尼器738,但是已经设想了插入式模块的其他实施例。例如,第一电动马达-发电机704可包括图5中所示的分离离合器502,但是第二电动马达-发电机720可包括非阻尼的插入式模块(诸如图6中所示的插入式模块600)。以这种方式,所述马达发电机可适于不同的最终使用操作环境,从而能够在生产过程的后期状态下增强电动马达-发电机的功能(如果需要)。由于生产适应,可以进一步降低生产成本。
图1至图7示出了具有各种部件的相对定位的示例性配置。如果被示出为彼此直接接触或直接联接,则至少在一个示例中,此类元件可分别被称为直接接触或直接联接。类似地,至少在一个示例中,被示出为彼此邻接或相邻的元件可分别彼此邻接或相邻。作为示例,放置为彼此共面接触的部件可被称为共面接触。作为另一个示例,在至少一个示例中,彼此相隔定位的元件仅在其间具有空间并且没有其他部件的情况下可被称作如此。作为又一个示例,被示为在彼此的上方/下方的、在彼此相对的侧或在彼此的左侧/右侧的元件可被称为相对于彼此如此。此外,如图所示,在至少一个示例中,最顶部元件或元件的最顶点可被称为部件的“顶部”,并且最底部元件或元件的最底点可被称为部件的“底部”。如本文所使用的,顶部/底部、上部/下部、上方/下方可为相对于图的竖直轴而言,并用于描述图的元件相对于彼此的定位。因此,在一个示例中,被示出为在其他元件上方的元件竖直定位在其他元件上方。作为又一个示例,附图中描绘的元件的形状可被称为具有那些形状(例如,诸如圆形的、直线的、平面的、弯曲的、倒圆的、倒角的、成角度等)。此外,在至少一个示例中,被示出为彼此相交的元件可称为相交元件或彼此相交。再此外,在一个示例中,被示出为在另一个元件内或被示出为在另一个元件外部的元件可被称作如此。
图8示出了用于操作电动马达-发电机的方法800。方法800可由上文关于图1至图7描述的电动马达-发电机和车辆系统来执行。然而,在其他示例中,方法800可经由其他合适的电动马达-发电机和/或车辆系统来实施。方法800可存储在控制器的非暂时性存储器中。此外,方法800可包括控制器内的指令以及由控制器采取的动作。还应当理解,方法800可包括被至少部分地被动地实施的至少一些步骤,诸如步骤806。
在802处,所述方法包括在电动马达-发电机与变矩器之间传递旋转能量。例如,电动马达-发电机可通过挠性板从发动机接收旋转能量,或者通过变矩器将旋转能量传递到变速器。以这种方式,电动马达-发电机可在驱动模式下操作,在所述驱动模式下,装置向车辆提供动力;或者在发电机模式下操作,在所述发电机模式下,装置产生电能以用于能量存储。
当插入式模块包括分离离合器时,所述方法包括步骤804。在804处,所述方法可包括通过操作分离离合器选择性地将转子与变矩器接口断开。
当插入式模块包括质量阻尼器时,所述方法包括步骤806。在806处,所述方法可包括经由质量阻尼器抑制从发动机传递到转子的振动。以这种方式,可在车辆系统中减小NVH。方法800允许在车辆系统中有效地操作外转式电动发电机,以提高车辆燃料经济性。
在包括具有磁体(其至少部分地围绕定子的线圈)的转子的车辆系统中提供电动马达-发电机的技术效果是,适用于各种发动机配置的有效且紧凑的马达-发电机布置。因此,可降低电动马达-发电机和车辆系统的生产成本。
在以下段落中将进一步描述本发明。在一个方面,提供了一种电动马达-发电机,所述电动马达-发电机包括:发动机接口,其被配置为旋转地联接到第一发动机;变速器接口,其被配置为旋转地联接到所述第一发动机的第一变速器;以及具有多个磁体的转子,所述多个磁体至少部分地围绕包括多个线圈的定子;其中所述转子旋转地联接到所述发动机接口和所述变速器接口。
在另一方面,提供了一种用于操作电动马达-发电机的方法,所述方法包括:在所述电动马达-发电机与第一变矩器之间传递旋转能量;其中所述电动马达-发电机被配置为旋转地联接到第一发动机和第一变矩器,并且包括具有多个磁体的转子,所述多个磁体至少部分地围绕包括多个线圈的定子;并且其中所述转子旋转地联接到所述第一发动机和所述第一变矩器。在第一示例中,所述方法还可包括通过操作旋转地联接到发动机接口和所述转子的旋转轴的插入式模块中的分离离合器来选择性地将所述转子与所述变矩器接口断开。在第二示例中,所述方法还可包括:
经由质量阻尼器抑制从发动机传递到所述转子振动,所述质量阻尼器包括在旋转地联接到所述发动机接口和所述转子的旋转轴的插入式模块中。在第三示例中,在所述电动马达-发电机与所述变矩器之间传递旋转能量可包括向所述变矩器提供旋转能量以及从所述变矩器接收旋转能量。
在另一方面,提供了一种外转式电动马达-发电机,所述外转式电动马达-发电机包括:挠性板适配器,其被配置为旋转地附接到第一发动机中的第一挠性板;变矩器接口,其被配置为旋转地附接到第一变速器中的第一变矩器;以及具有多个磁体的转子,所述多个磁体至少部分地围绕包括多个线圈的定子;其中所述转子旋转地联接到所述挠性板接口和所述变矩器接口。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述电动马达-发电机还可包括可移除地附接到所述发动机接口的插入式模块;其中所述插入式模块包括轴承,所述轴承附接到所述定子并且被配置为允许所述转子的旋转。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述插入式模块可包括分离离合器,所述分离离合器被设计成将所述发动机接口与所述变速器接口旋转地连接和断开。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述插入式模块可包括质量阻尼器,所述质量阻尼器被设计成抑制来自发动机挠性板的发动机振动。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述质量阻尼器可至少部分地周向地被所述转子中的所述多个磁体围绕。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述发动机接口可为挠性板适配器。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述变矩器接口可联接到变矩器中的旋转轴。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述定子可包括安装延伸部,所述安装延伸部从所述转子径向向外延伸并且附接到变矩器的壳体。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述电动马达-发电机可包括在发动机生产线中,所述发动机生产线可包括:所述第一发动机,其具有第一压缩比,其中所述发动机接口被配置为附接到所述第一发动机中的第一挠性板并且所述变速器接口被配置为附接到包括在所述第一变速器中的第一变矩器;以及第二发动机,其具有不同于所述第一压缩比的第二压缩比,其中所述发动机接口被配置为附接到所述第二发动机中的第二挠性板,并且所述变速器接口被配置为附接到包括在所述第二发动机中的第二变矩器。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述电动马达-发电机还可包括可移除地附接到所述挠性板适配器的插入式模块;其中所述插入式模块包括轴承,所述轴承附接到所述定子并且被配置为实现所述转子的旋转。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述插入式模块可包括:分离离合器,其被设计成将所述挠性板适配器与所述变矩器接口旋转地连接和断开;或质量阻尼器,其被设计成抑制来自第一挠性板的发动机振动。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述插入式模块可至少部分地周向地被所述转子中的所述多个磁体围绕。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述定子可包括安装延伸部,所述安装延伸部从所述转子径向向外延伸并且附接到变矩器的壳体。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述定子可包括安装延伸部,所述安装延伸部从所述转子径向向外延伸并且附接到变矩器的壳体。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述外转式电动马达-发电机可包括在发动机生产线中,所述发动机生产线可包括:所述第一发动机,其具有第一压缩比;以及第二发动机,其具有不同于所述第一压缩比的第二压缩比,其中所述挠性板接口被配置为附接到所述第二发动机中的第二挠性板并且所述变矩器接口被配置为附接到包括在所述第二发动机中的第二变矩器。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述变速器系统可包括在混合动力车辆中。
在所述方面或所述方面的组合中的任一者中,所述安装延伸部可以可移除地机械地附接到所述壳体。
在另一表示中,提供了一种车辆传动系中的外转式马达-发电机,所述外转式马达-发电机包括:转子,其周向地围绕定子;以及插入式模块,其可移除地附接到所述定子并且包括与所述转子的旋转轴旋转地接合的轴承,并且其中所述插入式模块旋转地联接到发动机挠性板,并且其中所述转子旋转地联接到变速器中的变矩器。
应当注意,本文所包括的示例性控制和估计程序可与各种发动机和/或车辆系统配置一起使用。本文所公开的控制方法和程序可作为可执行指令存储在非暂时性存储器中,并且可由包括控制器的控制系统结合各种传感器、致动器和其他发动机硬件来执行。本文所述的具体程序可表示任何数量的处理策略(诸如事件驱动的、中断驱动的、多任务的、多线程的等)中的一种或多种。因此,所示的各种动作、操作和/或功能可按所示的顺序执行、并行执行,或者在一些情况下被省略。同样地,处理次序不一定是实现本文描述的示例性实施例的特征和优点所必需的,而是为了便于说明和描述而提供的。所示的动作、操作和/或功能中的一者或多者可根据所使用的特定策略而重复地执行。另外,所描述的动作、操作和/或功能可图形地表示将被编程到发动机控制系统中的计算机可读存储介质的非暂时性存储器中的代码,其中所描述的动作通过结合电子控制器在包括各种发动机硬件部件的系统中执行指令来实施。
应当理解,本文中公开的配置和程序本质上是示例性的,并且这些特定的实施例不应被视为具有限制意义,因为许多变型是可能的。例如,上述技术可应用于V-6、I-4、I-6、V-12、对置4缸和其他发动机类型。本公开的主题包括本文公开的各种系统和配置以及其他特征、功能和/或特性的所有新颖和非明显的组合和子组合。
如本文所用,除非另有说明,术语“基本上”应当理解为表示所述范围的±5%。
所附权利要求特别地指出被视为新颖的且非明显的某些组合和子组合。这些权利要求可指代“一个”要素或“第一”要素或其等同物。这些权利要求应当理解为包括一个或多个此类要素的结合,既不要求也不排除两个或更多个此类要素。所公开的特征、功能、元件和/或性质的其他组合和子组合可通过修正本权利要求或通过在此申请或相关申请中呈现新的权利要求来要求保护。此类权利要求与原权利要求相比无论在范围上更宽、更窄、等同或不同都被视为包括在本公开的主题内。

Claims (15)

1.一种电动马达-发电机,其包括:
发动机接口,其被配置为旋转地联接到第一发动机;
变速器接口,其被配置为旋转地联接到所述第一发动机的第一变速器;以及
具有多个磁体的转子,所述多个磁体至少部分地围绕包括多个线圈的定子;
其中所述转子旋转地联接到所述发动机接口和所述变速器接口。
2.如权利要求1所述的电动马达-发电机,其还包括可移除地附接到所述发动机接口的插入式模块;
其中所述插入式模块包括轴承,所述轴承附接到所述定子并且被配置为允许所述转子的旋转。
3.如权利要求2所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述插入式模块包括分离离合器,所述分离离合器被设计成将所述发动机接口与所述变速器接口旋转地连接和断开。
4.如权利要求2所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述插入式模块包括质量阻尼器,所述质量阻尼器被设计成抑制来自发动机挠性板的发动机振动。
5.如权利要求4所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述质量阻尼器至少部分地周向地被所述转子中的所述多个磁体围绕。
6.如权利要求1所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述发动机接口是挠性板适配器。
7.如权利要求1所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述变速器接口联接到变矩器中的旋转轴。
8.如权利要求1所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述定子包括安装延伸部,所述安装延伸部从所述转子径向向外延伸并且附接到变矩器的壳体。
9.如权利要求8所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述安装延伸部可移除地机械地附接到所述壳体。
10.如权利要求1所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述电动马达-发电机是外转式电动马达-发电机。
11.如权利要求1所述的电动马达-发电机,其中所述电动马达-发电机包括在发动机生产线中,所述发动机生产线包括:
所述第一发动机,其具有第一压缩比,其中所述发动机接口被配置为附接到所述第一发动机中的第一挠性板,并且所述变速器接口被配置为附接到包括在所述第一变速器中的第一变矩器;以及
第二发动机,其具有不同于所述第一压缩比的第二压缩比,其中所述发动机接口被配置为附接到所述第二发动机中的第二挠性板并且所述变速器接口被配置为附接到包括在所述第二发动机中的第二变矩器。
12.一种操作电动马达-发电机的方法,其包括:
在所述电动马达-发电机与变矩器之间传递旋转能量;
其中所述电动马达-发电机被配置为旋转地联接到第一发动机和所述变矩器,并且包括:
具有多个磁体的转子,所述多个磁体至少部分地围绕包括多个线圈的定子;并且
其中所述转子旋转地联接到所述第一发动机和所述变矩器。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法,其还包括通过操作旋转地联接到所述发动机接口和所述转子的旋转轴的插入式模块中的分离离合器来选择性地将所述转子与变矩器接口断开。
14.如权利要求12所述的方法,其还包括经由质量阻尼器抑制从发动机传递到所述转子的振动,所述质量阻尼器包括在旋转地联接到所述发动机接口和所述转子的旋转轴的插入式模块中。
15.如权利要求12所述的方法,其中在所述电动马达-发电机与所述变矩器之间传递旋转能量包括向所述变矩器提供旋转能量以及从所述变矩器接收旋转能量。
CN202011393703.7A 2019-12-06 2020-12-02 车辆系统中的电动马达-发电机及其操作方法 Pending CN112928863A (zh)

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