CN112924179B - Novel labyrinth seal structure and pull rod sealing system - Google Patents
Novel labyrinth seal structure and pull rod sealing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112924179B CN112924179B CN202110140642.1A CN202110140642A CN112924179B CN 112924179 B CN112924179 B CN 112924179B CN 202110140642 A CN202110140642 A CN 202110140642A CN 112924179 B CN112924179 B CN 112924179B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/02—Details or accessories of testing apparatus
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M15/00—Testing of engines
- G01M15/14—Testing gas-turbine engines or jet-propulsion engines
Abstract
The invention provides a novel comb tooth sealing structure which comprises a sleeving main body and a comb tooth structure inside the sleeving main body, wherein the sleeving main body is provided with at least one air inlet hole and at least one air outlet hole which penetrate through the sleeving main body, the at least one air inlet hole is used for inputting air into the sleeving main body through an external air source, and the at least one air outlet hole is used for leading out the air in the sleeving main body through the external air source. The invention also provides a pull rod sealing system using the novel grate tooth sealing structure. The invention solves the problems of pull rod sealing and cooling of the front end of the pull rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aero-engines, in particular to a novel labyrinth seal structure and a pull rod seal system.
Background
The thermal-mechanical coupling fatigue failure of the turbine blade of the aircraft engine is a main failure mode during the service period of the aircraft engine, and the service life of the aircraft engine is seriously influenced. The thermal mechanical coupling fatigue test is carried out on the turbine blade of the aero-engine, so that the important significance and the engineering value are achieved for examining the design level of the turbine blade and formulating the production standard of the turbine blade in the industry.
The traditional thermal-mechanical coupling fatigue test method for the turbine blade mostly adopts electric heating to provide a heat source and adopts a fatigue testing machine to provide a mechanical load. Although the currently known thermo-mechanical coupling fatigue testing machines are capable of achieving a coordinated loading of maximum temperature and tensile force, the application of mechanical loads requires the application of tensile forces by means of tie rods by tensile machines outside the laboratory cabin. In order to enable the pull rod to go deep into the experiment chamber, an opening needs to be formed in the upper wall surface of the experiment chamber, high-temperature gas in the experiment chamber can leak from a gap between the pull rod and the experiment chamber, pressure in the experiment chamber can be reduced when the high-temperature gas is serious, mechanical structures such as the pull rod and a tensile machine can be ablated and deformed due to the high-temperature gas, and finally the experiment can fail. Therefore, a new type of labyrinth seal structure and a new type of tie rod seal system are needed to seal the experiment chamber and provide necessary cooling for the front end of the tie rod.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel labyrinth seal structure and a pull rod seal system, which are used for solving the problems of sealing of an experimental cabin and cooling of the front end of a pull rod. In addition, the method is not limited to the thermal-mechanical coupling fatigue test of the blade, and can be applied to the test of providing the tensile force to the blade in the high-temperature environment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a novel labyrinth seal structure, is including cup jointing main part and inside labyrinth structure thereof, set up in the cup jointing main part and link up its inside and outside at least one inlet port, at least one venthole, at least one inlet port be used for through external air supply to cup joint the interior input gas of main part, at least one venthole is used for drawing forth through external air supply cup joint the internal gas of main part.
Preferably, the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole have a distance in the longitudinal direction of the socket body.
Preferably, the first end of the novel labyrinth seal structure is used for sealing the pull rod to be cooled through a seal assembly, the second end of the novel labyrinth seal structure is used for providing outer wall sealing contact around a pull rod inlet and outlet on a liquid cooling device of a gas test environment for the blades to be tested, the air inlet is close to the second end, and the air outlet is close to the first end. The advantages of such a positional arrangement of the inlet and outlet apertures are additionally described.
A pull rod sealing system is characterized in that the novel labyrinth sealing structure is sleeved on a pull rod to seal the pull rod, and the pull rod sealing system comprises a tension mechanism;
the tension mechanism comprises a tension machine main body and a pull rod used for outputting tension, a connecting part used for being connected with the end part of the blade to be tested is arranged at the free end of the pull rod, and a cooling channel is arranged in the pull rod along the longitudinal direction;
the novel labyrinth seal structure is sleeved on the pull rod, and the second end part of the novel labyrinth seal structure is in sealing contact with the outer wall around the pull rod inlet and outlet on the liquid cooling device for providing a gas test environment for the blades to be tested.
Preferably, the cooling channel is U-shaped, and the bend thereof is close to the connecting portion of the tie bar for connecting with the blade to be tested.
Preferably, the length of the novel grate sealing structure is smaller than that of the pull rod.
Preferably, the cooling channel is used for introducing cooling air or cooling liquid.
Preferably, the liquid cooling device is a double-layer cylindrical structure.
Preferably, a workbench is arranged below the liquid cooling device, and the workbench is used for being connected with the linear motion device and driving the blade to be tested to get out of and into the liquid cooling device in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the liquid cooling device under the driving of the linear motion device. Supplementary explanation why the table needs to be arranged movable in this direction.
Preferably, the workbench is provided with a bearing support, and the workbench is in supporting connection with the liquid cooling device through the bearing support.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the novel labyrinth seal structure is provided with the air inlet hole and the air outlet hole and is externally connected with the air source, so that the internal pressure of the novel labyrinth seal structure can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure of the externally connected air source, namely, the internal pressure of the novel labyrinth seal structure can be adjusted to be slightly greater than the pressure in the liquid cooling device, and high-temperature gas cannot leak into the novel labyrinth seal structure; even if the condition that high-temperature gas reveals in to novel labyrinth seal structure exists, the high-temperature gas of revealing can mix with the high-pressure gas in the type labyrinth seal structure to reduce the temperature of high-temperature gas by a wide margin, thereby seal, cool down the pull rod effectively, thereby prolong the life of pull rod, reduce the change number of times of pull rod, thereby reduce testing cost.
2. The environment of mechanical load applied to the turbine blade in the working process of an engine is accurately simulated through the tension mechanism, the turbine blade is sealed through the novel labyrinth seal structure, high-temperature gas can be effectively prevented from leaking from an outlet of the seal section to ablate the pull rod of the universal testing machine, the temperature of the gas leaking to the outside of the test chamber from the inside of the chamber body can also be effectively reduced, and zero leakage of the seal section is realized by adjusting and controlling the flow of the gas inlet hole.
3. The gas leakage quantity that leaks outside in can effectively reducing the gas test environment to effectively improve the reliability and the accuracy of test result, seal, cool down the pull rod effectively moreover, thereby prolong the life of pull rod, reduce the change number of times of pull rod, thereby reduce test cost.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a novel labyrinth seal structure and a pull rod seal system according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is another structural schematic diagram of the novel labyrinth seal structure and the pull rod seal system according to some embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a cooling channel according to some embodiments of the present invention.
Reference numerals are as follows: the device comprises a tensile machine main body 1, a pull rod 2, a sleeve joint main body 3, a comb tooth structure 4, a blade to be tested 5, a cooling channel 6, a liquid cooling device 7, an air inlet hole 8, an air outlet hole 9, a sealing section outlet 10, a sealing washer 11, a cover plate 12, a bolt 13, a gas inlet 14, a water inlet pipe 15, a tenon connector 16, a workbench 17, a bearing support 18, a thermocouple 19, a pressure pipe 20, a hydraulic oil cylinder 21, a cooling gas pipeline 22 and a honeycomb sealing sleeve 23.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples, which are intended to illustrate only some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Other embodiments used by those skilled in the art can be obtained without any creative effort based on the embodiments in the present invention, and all of them belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, selected embodiments of the present invention are shown for illustration purposes only and not as limitations on the structures involved in the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows a structural schematic diagram of a novel labyrinth seal structure and a pull rod seal system according to some embodiments of the invention.
The utility model provides a novel labyrinth seal structure, is including cup jointing main part 3 and inside labyrinth structure 4 thereof, set up on the cup jointing main part 3 and link up its inside and outside at least one inlet port 8, at least one venthole 9, at least one inlet port 8 be used for through external air supply to cup joint 3 interior input gas in the main part, at least one venthole 9 is used for drawing forth through external air supply cup joint the gas in the main part 3.
In some embodiments, the inlet aperture 8 and the outlet aperture 9 are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the socket body 3.
In some embodiments, the first end of the novel labyrinth seal structure is used for sealing the pull rod 2 to be cooled through a seal assembly, the second end of the novel labyrinth seal structure is used for being in sealing contact with the outer wall around the inlet and the outlet of the pull rod 2 on the liquid cooling device 7 for providing a gas test environment for the blade 5 to be tested, the air inlet 8 is close to the second end, and the air outlet 9 is close to the first end.
The invention also provides a pull rod sealing system, the novel labyrinth sealing structure is sleeved on the pull rod 2 to seal the pull rod 2, and the pull rod sealing system comprises a tension mechanism;
the tensile mechanism comprises a tensile machine main body 1 and a pull rod 2 used for outputting tensile force, a connecting part used for being connected with the end part of a blade 5 to be tested is arranged at the free end of the pull rod 2, and a cooling channel 6 is arranged in the pull rod 2 along the longitudinal direction;
the novel labyrinth seal structure is sleeved on the pull rod 2, and the second end part of the novel labyrinth seal structure is used for being in sealing contact with the outer wall around the pull rod inlet and outlet on the liquid cooling device 7 for providing a gas test environment for the blades 5 to be tested.
In some embodiments, the length of the novel labyrinth seal structure is less than the length of the pull rod 2.
In some embodiments, a cooling sleeve is arranged on the outer wall of the novel grate sealing structure, the cooling sleeve is partially of a cylindrical structure and is sleeved on the outer wall of the novel grate sealing structure, a water outlet is formed in the upper end of the cylindrical structure, a part of the cooling sleeve is tightly attached to the outer wall of the liquid cooling device, a water inlet is formed in the tail end of the part of the cooling sleeve, the cooling sleeve can rapidly guide away the gas heat in the novel grate sealing structure, and the novel grate sealing structure can be effectively cooled.
In some embodiments, the pressure of the external air source is greater than or equal to the pressure in the gas environment, so that the pressure in the novel labyrinth seal structure is greater than or equal to the pressure in the liquid cooling device 7 providing the gas test environment for the blades 5 to be tested, and the leakage of gas into the novel labyrinth seal structure is reduced as much as possible.
When the pressure in the novel labyrinth seal structure is greater than or equal to the pressure in the liquid cooling device 7, high-temperature gas is not easy to enter the novel labyrinth seal structure, so that the pull rod 2 is protected; and the high-pressure gas that inlet port 8 exists can pass through venthole 9 with novel labyrinth seal structure with the sealed section export 10 that is located the upside between the pull rod 2 flows out, consequently gets into novel labyrinth seal structure's high-pressure gas can not follow novel labyrinth seal structure with the gas entry 14 that is located the downside between the pull rod 2 flows out, thereby avoids producing the high temperature test environment in the liquid cooling device 7 and disturbs and influence the test effect of examination blade 5 that awaits measuring. The high-pressure gas refers to gas with the pressure intensity of 1MPa-3MPa, and the high-temperature gas refers to gas with the temperature of 1000-1700 ℃.
According to the invention, the pressure of the external air source is adjusted to be greater than or equal to the pressure in the gas environment. Can be according to high temperature gas pressure in the liquid cooling device 7, coordinated control the pressure in the novel labyrinth seal structure makes the test process the pressure in the novel labyrinth seal structure with the pressure in the liquid cooling device 7 reaches certain equilibrium to probably realize the zero leakage or be close to zero leakage of high temperature gas in the liquid cooling device 7, effectively protect pull rod 2.
Even if the pressure in the novel labyrinth seal structure is lower than the pressure in the liquid cooling device 7, a small part of high-temperature gas can leak, and the high-temperature gas can be mixed with the high-temperature gas in the novel labyrinth seal structure, and the high-temperature gas can be taken away from the heat due to continuous circulation of the high-pressure gas, so that the temperature of the high-temperature gas can be greatly reduced, and even can be reduced to 300-500 ℃ in some embodiments, and the problem of ablation or damage of the pull rod 2 and test equipment due to leakage of the high-temperature gas cannot be caused.
In some embodiments, the cooling channel 6 is U-shaped and its bend is close to the connection of the tie rod 2 for connection with the blade 5 to be tested.
In some embodiments, the cooling channels 6 are used for introducing cooling air or cooling fluid.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the cooling channel 6 is a single channel, and a water inlet pipe 15 is arranged in the channel, the water inlet pipe 15 extends into the bottom of the cooling channel 6, and cooling air or cooling liquid enters from the water inlet pipe 15 to reach the bottom of the cooling channel 6 and then exits through the channel between the water inlet pipe 15 and the cooling channel 6, so as to cool the tie rod 2.
In some embodiments, the liquid cooling device 7 is a double-layer cylindrical structure, the front end of the liquid cooling device 7 is used for being connected with the outlet of the combustion chamber, at least one circle of liquid inlet hole is formed in the outer wall of the front end, the rear end of the liquid cooling device 7 is used for being connected with the exhaust device, at least one circle of liquid outlet hole is formed in the outer wall of the rear end, and a through passage for the end portion of the connecting portion of the blade 5 to be tested and the pull rod 2 to be connected to enter and exit the cylinder is formed between the two layers of wall surfaces of the liquid cooling device 7.
In some embodiments, the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling device 7 may be water. The water used as the cooling liquid can be water at normal temperature or liquid cooling water which is cooled to be close to zero. In some embodiments, the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling device 7 may be a liquid with a lower freezing point than water. In other embodiments, the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling device 7 is cutting liquid commonly used in a machine tool cooling system. The lowest freezing point and heat exchange capacity are considered when selecting the cooling liquid.
In some embodiments, the inner wall surface of the liquid cooling device 7 is made of a high temperature alloy plate by welding. The high-temperature alloy plate can be made of titanium alloy materials, single crystal materials, GH3044 materials and other materials capable of bearing high-temperature fuel gas of at least 1000K and even up to about 1200K.
In some embodiments, the outer wall surface of the liquid cooling device 7 is a stainless steel sleeve. Because the outer wall surface of the liquid cooling device 7 does not directly contact with the high-temperature fuel gas on the one hand, and contacts with the external air environment on the other hand, only the temperature of the internal cooling liquid heated by the high-temperature fuel gas needs to be borne.
In some embodiments, an interlayer is arranged between the stainless steel sleeve and the high-temperature alloy plate, and a cooling liquid is filled in the interlayer for cooling. In other embodiments, a drainage structure is disposed inside the liquid cooling device 7, so that a flow path and a flow time of the cooling liquid in the liquid cooling device 7 can be prolonged, sufficient heat exchange can be realized, and the liquid cooling device 7 can be cooled as much as possible.
In some embodiments, the cooling fluid in the cooling channel 6 may be water. The water used as the cooling liquid can be water at normal temperature or liquid cooling water which is cooled to be close to zero. In some embodiments, the cooling liquid in the cooling channel 6 may be a liquid with a freezing point lower than that of water. In other embodiments, the coolant in the cooling channel 6 is cutting fluid commonly used in machine tool cooling systems. The selection of the cooling liquid requires consideration of a freezing point as low as possible and good heat exchange capacity.
In some embodiments, the liquid cooling device 7 is provided with a temperature measuring mechanism and a pressure measuring mechanism, and the temperature measuring mechanism and the pressure measuring mechanism are respectively used for detecting the temperature and the pressure of the gas passing through the liquid cooling wall cylinder.
In some embodiments, the thermometry mechanism is a thermocouple 19. In some embodiments, the thermometry mechanism is also used to detect the surface temperature of the blade 5 to be tested.
In some embodiments, the pressure measurement mechanism is a pressure tube 20. In some embodiments, the thermometry mechanism comprises a thermocouple 19 for flush mounting on the blade 5 to be tested and detecting the surface temperature of the blade 5 to be tested.
In some embodiments, the novel labyrinth seal structure is made of high-temperature-resistant materials, and at least needs to bear the high temperature of more than 1000K. In other embodiments, the novel labyrinth sealing structure is made of a titanium alloy material, a single crystal material, a GH3044 material and other metal materials capable of bearing high-temperature fuel gas of at least 1000K and even up to about 1200K.
In some embodiments, a workbench 17 is disposed below the liquid cooling device 7, and the workbench 17 is configured to be connected to a linear motion device and can be driven by the linear motion device to drive the blade 5 to be tested to move out of and into the liquid cooling device 7 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the liquid cooling device 7.
In some embodiments, a bearing support 18 is arranged on the workbench 17, and the workbench 17 is in supporting connection with the liquid cooling device 7 through the bearing support 18.
In some embodiments, the force bearing support 18 is fixedly connected with the workbench 17 and the liquid cooling device 7 through bolts 13.
In some embodiments, the outriggers 18 are provided with tenon connectors 16, and the tenon connectors 16 are used for fixing the tenon of the blade 5 to be tested.
In some embodiments, the outrigger 18 is an i-shaped mount.
In some embodiments, a sealing gasket 11 is arranged between the force bearing support 18 and the liquid cooling device 7.
In some embodiments, a sealing gasket 11 is arranged between the bearing support 18 and the workbench 17.
In some embodiments, the outrigger 18 is provided with a cooling gas duct 22, and the cooling gas duct 22 is used for introducing gas from an external gas supply device to cool the interior of the blade 5 to be tested and form a gas film on the surface of the blade 5 to be tested.
In some embodiments, a cooling gas pipe 22 is connected to the blade 5 to be tested through the outrigger 18 and the tenon connector 16 in sequence.
In some embodiments, the linear motion device is a hydraulic ram 21.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, a honeycomb seal sleeve 23 is sleeved on the pull rod 2, one end of the honeycomb seal sleeve 23 is connected with the novel labyrinth seal structure, and the other end is connected with the seal assembly.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2, the sealing assembly includes a sealing washer 11, a cover plate 12 and a bolt 13, and the sealing washer 11 is sleeved on the pull rod 2. The sealing assembly further comprises a through hole matched with the pull rod 2 is formed in the middle of the cover plate 12, the pull rod 2 is inserted into the through hole, the cover plate 12 is in close contact with the pull rod 2, and the cover plate 12 presses the sealing washer 11 downwards and then is fixedly connected with the honeycomb sealing sleeve 23 through the bolt 13.
In some embodiments, the tension mechanism is mounted to the ground by a fixture (not shown) to enable the tension mechanism to apply a mechanical load to the turbine blade 5 to be tested. In other embodiments, the tension mechanism is adapted to be suspended from a cross-beam mounted in a laboratory.
The above-described embodiments are intended to be illustrative, not limiting, of the invention, and therefore, variations of the example values or substitutions of equivalent elements are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
From the above detailed description, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the foregoing objects and advantages of the invention are achieved and are in accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes.
Claims (9)
1. A pull rod sealing system comprises a novel grid tooth sealing structure, the novel grid tooth sealing structure comprises a sleeve main body (3) and a grid tooth structure (4) inside the sleeve main body, at least one air inlet hole (8) and at least one air outlet hole (9) which are communicated with the inside and the outside of the sleeve main body are formed in the sleeve main body (3), the at least one air inlet hole (8) is used for inputting air into the sleeve main body (3) through an external air source, and the at least one air outlet hole (9) is used for leading out the air in the sleeve main body (3) through the external air source, and the novel grid tooth sealing structure is characterized in that the novel grid tooth sealing structure is used for being sleeved on a pull rod (2) to seal the pull rod (2), and the pull rod sealing system comprises a tension mechanism;
the tensile mechanism comprises a tensile machine main body (1) and a pull rod (2) used for outputting tensile force, a connecting part used for being connected with the end part of a blade (5) to be tested is arranged at the free end of the pull rod (2), and a cooling channel (6) is arranged in the pull rod (2) along the longitudinal direction;
the novel labyrinth seal structure is sleeved on the pull rod (2), and the second end part of the novel labyrinth seal structure is in sealing contact with the outer wall around a pull rod inlet and outlet on a liquid cooling device (7) for providing a gas test environment for the blades (5) to be tested.
2. A tie rod sealing system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling channel (6) is U-shaped with a bend close to the connection of the tie rod (2) for connection with the blade (5) to be tested.
3. The tie rod sealing system of claim 1, wherein the length of the new labyrinth seal is less than the length of the tie rod (2).
4. A tie rod sealing system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling channel (6) is adapted for letting in cooling air or cooling liquid.
5. A tie rod sealing system according to claim 1, wherein said liquid cooling means (7) is of double-layered cylindrical configuration.
6. The pull rod sealing system of claim 1, wherein a workbench (17) is arranged below the liquid cooling device (7), and the workbench (17) is used for being connected with a linear motion device and driving the blade (5) to be tested to move out of and into the liquid cooling device (7) in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the liquid cooling device (7) under the driving of the linear motion device.
7. The tie rod sealing system according to claim 6, wherein the working platform (17) is provided with a force bearing support (18), and the working platform (17) is in supporting connection with the liquid cooling device (7) through the force bearing support (18).
8. A tie rod sealing system according to claim 1, wherein said inlet hole (8) and said outlet hole (9) are at a distance in the longitudinal direction of said socket body (3).
9. The pull rod sealing system as claimed in claim 8, wherein the first end of the novel labyrinth sealing structure is used for sealing with the pull rod (2) to be cooled through a sealing assembly, the second end of the novel labyrinth sealing structure is used for being in sealing contact with the outer wall around the pull rod inlet and outlet on the liquid cooling device (7) for providing a gas test environment for the blade (5) to be tested, the air inlet hole (8) is close to the second end, and the air outlet hole (9) is close to the first end.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110140642.1A CN112924179B (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Novel labyrinth seal structure and pull rod sealing system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110140642.1A CN112924179B (en) | 2021-02-02 | 2021-02-02 | Novel labyrinth seal structure and pull rod sealing system |
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| CN112924179A CN112924179A (en) | 2021-06-08 |
| CN112924179B true CN112924179B (en) | 2023-02-03 |
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| CN114486222A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | Composite experimental device for movable blade heat engine of air seal type gas turbine |
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