CN112924064B - Method for testing transmission efficiency of automobile transmission system - Google Patents
Method for testing transmission efficiency of automobile transmission system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112924064B CN112924064B CN202110111494.0A CN202110111494A CN112924064B CN 112924064 B CN112924064 B CN 112924064B CN 202110111494 A CN202110111494 A CN 202110111494A CN 112924064 B CN112924064 B CN 112924064B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
- G01L3/26—Devices for measuring efficiency, i.e. the ratio of power output to power input
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/007—Wheeled or endless-tracked vehicles
Abstract
A test method for the transmission efficiency of an automobile transmission system is based on the following devices and comprises the following steps: the device comprises a driving assembly, a transmission control assembly, a vertical loading assembly, a wheel loading assembly, a transmission assembly to be tested, a metal floor and an oil temperature adjusting device, wherein the driving assembly is in transmission fit with a clutch of the transmission assembly to be tested, the transmission control assembly is in transmission fit with a control end of the transmission assembly to be tested, the vertical loading assembly is in transmission fit with a drive axle of the transmission assembly to be tested, and the wheel loading assembly is in contact with a wheel of a transmission structure to be tested; the test method comprises the following steps: the first step is as follows: installing a transmission assembly to be tested, and a second step: running-in test, third step: compiling a test table, and a fourth step: testing efficiency, and a fifth step: and (6) data processing. The design not only effectively shortens whole car design cycle, reduces experimental design cost, can accomplish the test of all kinds of settlement conditions moreover, and practical wide range, test result are accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for testing the transmission efficiency of an automobile transmission system, which is particularly suitable for testing the transmission efficiency of the whole automobile transmission system.
Background
With the rapid upgrade and the increased competition of national emission regulations, the market has higher and higher requirements on the economy of automobiles, and the improvement of the transmission efficiency of an automobile transmission system is an important measure for improving the economy of the whole automobiles. Various large automobile manufacturers are actively improving the efficiency of the transmission system, because of the difficulty of efficiency test of the transmission system, the transmission efficiency is improved on parts such as a transmission, a transmission shaft, a drive axle, a wheel assembly and the like, and the parts are matched and arranged on the whole automobile to achieve the purpose of improving the transmission efficiency of the transmission system.
The transmission efficiency of the automobile transmission system is equal to the ratio of the output power of an automobile chassis to the input power of an engine to the chassis, and relates to two parameters of the output power of the chassis and the output power of the engine, and the transmission efficiency test method of the transmission system in the industry mainly comprises three methods:
the method includes the steps that firstly, transmission efficiency is respectively tested on each part of a transmission system, and then the transmission efficiency of the transmission system is obtained through calculation.
The second method is to measure the transmission efficiency of the transmission system directly on the whole vehicle, a plurality of mature methods are available in the industry at present, the power input to the whole transmission system is measured through a rack after the engine is disassembled, then the output power of the chassis of the vehicle is measured by adopting equipment such as a hydraulic dynamometer, an electric dynamometer, an eddy current dynamometer and the like, the transmission efficiency of the transmission system is finally calculated, the measurement result of the method is relatively accurate, but the method can measure after the whole vehicle design and the trial-manufacture sample vehicle are finished, the design and development of the vehicle are basically finished, the adjustment and the optimization are carried out according to the transmission efficiency test result, the operable space is small, and only data and experience can be accumulated continuously, reference is provided in the next automobile development, a further disadvantage of this method is that it is complicated and time consuming to operate when trying to test the efficiency of the transmission system at different loads. And the finished automobile test is interfered by other factors, the temperature of the lubricating oil is not easy to control, and the obtained conclusion is inaccurate.
The third method is that the transmission, the transmission shaft and the drive axle are installed on the rack through a tool, the front end simulates an engine to provide power through a motor, the rear end provides resistance through 2 loading motors, and the torque rotating speed sensor is adopted to measure and calculate input power and output power, so that the transmission efficiency of the whole system is obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem that the transmission efficiency of an automobile transmission system cannot be accurately measured in the prior art, and provides a test method capable of accurately measuring the transmission efficiency of the automobile transmission system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a transmission efficiency testing method of an automobile transmission system is based on the following testing device: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a driving assembly, a transmission control assembly, a vertical loading assembly, a wheel loading assembly, a transmission assembly to be tested, a metal floor and an oil temperature adjusting device, wherein the driving assembly is in transmission fit with a clutch of the transmission assembly to be tested, the transmission control assembly is in transmission fit with a control end of the transmission assembly to be tested, the vertical loading assembly is in transmission fit with a drive axle of the transmission assembly to be tested, and the wheel loading assembly is in contact with a wheel of a transmission structure to be tested;
the driving assembly is arranged on a track of the metal floor, and the bottom of the driving assembly is in sliding fit with the track;
the oil temperature adjusting device is respectively communicated with lubricating oil passages in the gearbox and the drive axle;
the transmission assembly to be tested comprises: the power input end of the clutch is in transmission fit with the power output end of the driving motor, the power output end of the clutch is in transmission fit with the input shaft of the gearbox, the output shaft of the gearbox is in transmission fit with the drive axle through the transmission shaft, and a set of wheels is mounted on each of two sides of the drive axle;
the transmission efficiency testing method of the transmission system comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: installing a transmission assembly to be tested, installing the transmission assembly to be tested on a test bed, installing an assembled clutch and gearbox assembly on a drive assembly, installing a drive axle provided with wheels on a wheel loading assembly, then installing a vertical loading assembly on leaf spring seats at two ends of the drive axle, finally connecting the gearbox and the drive axle by using a transmission shaft, respectively installing temperature sensors on the gearbox and the drive axle, and completing the installation;
the second step is that: in the running-in test, an oil temperature adjusting device is started to respectively adjust the oil temperatures of a gearbox and a drive axle to set running-in oil temperatures, the gear position of the gearbox is adjusted to 1 gear, a vertical loading assembly is adjusted to provide set vertical loading force, then the output torque of a driving motor of the driving assembly and the output corresponding rotating speed of a damping rotary drum of a wheel loading assembly are simultaneously controlled, and the running-in test is stopped after the working condition is kept for running for set time or set mileage;
then, adjusting the gear of the gearbox to other gears and repeating the operation until all the gears finish the running-in test, and finishing the running-in at the moment;
the third step: compiling a test table, compiling the test table according to test requirements, wherein the controllable input quantity of the known test comprises the following steps: the gear, the torque of a driving end, the rotating speed of a wheel loading end, the vertical loading force, the oil temperature of a transmission and the oil temperature of a drive axle; according to different test purposes, corresponding controllable input quantity is selected as a variable, and a table containing the controllable input quantity, to-be-tested data, acquisition times and acquisition interval time is made as follows:
filling the numerical value of the controllable input quantity of each test, adjusting the variable of each test to manufacture a test form, filling the acquisition times and the acquisition interval time, and finishing the compilation of the test form;
the fourth step: and (3) testing the efficiency, namely sequentially testing according to the sequence, the acquisition times and the acquisition time interval according to the test table obtained in the third step:
starting an oil temperature adjusting device to adjust the oil temperature to the corresponding temperature in the table respectively by adjusting the oil temperature of the clutch and the oil temperature of the drive axle, then adjusting the gear of the gearbox to the corresponding gear in the table, adjusting the vertical loading assembly to apply the corresponding vertical loading force in the table, controlling a driving motor of the driving assembly to output the corresponding torque in the table, and simultaneously controlling a damping rotary drum of the wheel loading assembly to output the corresponding rotating speed in the table;
after the equipment runs stably, reading actual input rotating speed and input torque data on a torque rotating speed sensor of a driving assembly, and simultaneously reading output rotating speed and output torque data on a torque rotating speed sensor at a loading end of a wheel loading assembly;
repeating the test according to the collection times on the form, reading the data, averaging and filling in the form;
after filling, carrying out the next test of the form according to the steps until the test items on all the forms are completed, and completing the efficiency test;
the fifth step: and (3) data processing, namely taking the filled form obtained in the last step, and respectively calculating the transmission efficiency of each group of tests: the transmission system efficiency η is (P2/P1) × 100%, where P1 is the transmission system input power and P2 is the transmission system output power;
the transmission system input power P1 ═ T1 × n1/9550, where: t1 corresponds to the input torque in the table, n1 corresponds to the input speed in the table;
the transmission system output power P2 is T2 n2/9550, wherein: t2 corresponds to the output torque in the table, n2 corresponds to the output speed in the table;
and after the transmission efficiency of each group of tests is calculated, grouping the data variables according to the test requirements to calculate the average efficiency value and the total average efficiency.
The second step is as follows: in a running-in test, the running-in oil temperature of the gearbox is 0-80 ℃, and the running-in oil temperature of the drive axle is 0-80 ℃; the running-in vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly is 0 kilonewton to 250 kilonewtons, and the vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly is the resultant force loaded by the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism; the running-in time of a single gear is not less than 2 hours.
The third step is: in a test table, the variable range of the torque of the driving end is 0-maximum torque, and the maximum torque refers to the maximum torque of an engine matched with a transmission assembly to be tested; the variable range of the rotating speed of the wheel loading end is 0-maximum rotating speed, and the maximum rotating speed refers to the converted rotating speed of the maximum speed of the transmission assembly to be tested; the variable range of the vertical loading force is 0 kilonewton to 250 kilonewtons, and the vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly is the resultant force loaded by the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism; the variable range of the oil temperature of the transmission is 0-120 ℃, and the variable range of the oil temperature of the drive axle is 0-120 ℃.
The second step is as follows: in a running-in test, after a vertical loading assembly provides a vertical loading force, a hydraulic loading device compresses plate spring seats at two ends of a drive axle through a cross beam, at the moment, after the height of an adjustable limiting frame is adjusted to be slightly higher than that of the cross beam, a fixing bolt is screwed to lock the position of a guide sliding block, so that the cross beam is in limit fit with the adjustable limiting frame;
the fourth step is as follows: in the efficiency test, after the vertical loading assembly provides vertical loading force, the hydraulic loading device compresses the plate spring seats at two ends of the drive axle through the cross beam, at the moment, after the height of the adjustable limiting frame is adjusted to be slightly higher than that of the cross beam, the fixing bolt is screwed to lock the position of the guide sliding block, and the cross beam is in limit fit with the adjustable limiting frame.
The driving assembly comprises a movable base, a lifting bottom plate, an inclination angle fixing plate, a driving motor and a gearbox mounting seat, wherein the bottom of the movable base is in sliding fit with a track, four lead screws are fixed at the top of the movable base, nuts in threaded fit with the lead screws are sleeved on the lead screws, the lifting bottom plate is sleeved on the lead screws, the bottom of the lifting bottom plate is in limit fit with the nuts on the lead screws, two supports are arranged in the middle of the lifting bottom plate, two sides of the middle of the inclination angle fixing plate are fixed on the two supports, the inclination angle fixing plate is in rotating fit with the supports, two ends of the inclination angle fixing plate are respectively provided with an angle adjusting nut, the lower end of the angle adjusting nut is in limit fit with the lifting bottom plate, the driving motor and the gearbox mounting seat are fixed on the inclination angle fixing plate, and a power output shaft of the driving motor is in transmission fit with a power input end of a transmission assembly to be tested after passing through the gearbox mounting seat, a torque and rotating speed sensor is arranged on a power output shaft of the driving motor;
the vertical loading assembly comprises: the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism are symmetrically arranged, the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism are the same in structure, and the left vertical loading mechanism comprises: the portal frame is fixed at the top of the loading support, the middle part of a beam at the top of the portal frame is fixedly connected with the top of the hydraulic loading device, the hydraulic loading device is provided with a pressure sensor, the bottom of the hydraulic loading device is fixedly connected with the middle part of the beam, two ends of the beam are respectively provided with a guide sliding block, the end part of the beam is in rotating fit with the end part of the guide sliding block, the guide sliding block is in sliding fit with a beam guide rail fixed in the upright post of the portal frame, the side walls at two sides of the upright post of the portal frame are respectively fixed with a limit frame guide rail, two ends of the adjustable limit frame are respectively provided with a sliding block structure, and the adjustable limit frame is in sliding fit with the limit frame guide rails at the corresponding sides through the sliding block structures, the sliding block structure is in locking fit with the guide rail of the limiting frame through a fixing bolt arranged on the sliding block structure, and the lower end of the adjustable limiting frame is in limiting fit with the top of the guide sliding block.
The wheel loading assembly includes: left wheel loading mechanism and right wheel loading mechanism that bilateral symmetry set up, left wheel loading mechanism is the same with right wheel loading mechanism structure, left wheel loading mechanism includes: the device comprises a damping rotary drum, a measuring and loading motor and a loading end torque and rotating speed sensor, wherein a power output shaft of the measuring and loading motor is in transmission fit with the damping rotary drum, and the loading end torque and rotating speed sensor is arranged on the power output shaft of the measuring and loading motor.
The wheel loading assembly further comprises: the damping rotary drum is arranged inside the loading support, two testing ports are formed in the top of the loading support, the upper end of the damping rotary drum is arranged in each testing port, a guide plate is arranged at each of the front end and the rear end of each testing port, rollers are arranged at the tops of the guide plates, and the rollers are rotationally matched with the tops of the guide plates.
The transmission control assembly comprises: simulation clutch operating device and simulation gearshift, simulation clutch operating device includes: the power output end of the pedal-operated robot is in transmission fit with the control end of the clutch after passing through the clutch pedal and the flexible shaft in sequence; a pressure sensor is arranged on the power output end of the pedal-operated robot;
the simulated gear shift mechanism includes: the gear shifting robot comprises a gear shifting control mechanism and a gear shifting robot, wherein a power output rod of the gear shifting robot is in transmission fit with an operating rod of the gear shifting control mechanism through a sleeve rod, the gear shifting control mechanism is in transmission fit with a selecting and changing control end of a gearbox, the gear shifting robot is provided with a displacement sensor, and the sleeve rod is provided with a pressure sensor.
The third step is: in the compilation of the test table, the controllable variables also comprise adjustment variables of the spatial position relations of all parts of the transmission system, such as relative height difference, inclination angle and the like.
The testing method can also respectively assemble and test the lubricating oil with different brand components, the transmission assembly 5 to be tested with different part combinations and the new and old comparison of the same part as adjustment variables, and finally, the test result is compared to obtain a conclusion.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to a method for testing the transmission efficiency of an automobile transmission system, which utilizes a driving motor to provide power for the automobile transmission system with wheels, measures the input rotating speed and torque at the driving motor so as to calculate the input power, provides resistance by a wheel loading structure through a rotary drum, measures the rotating speed and the torque at the loading motor so as to calculate the output power of an automobile chassis, and finally calculates the ratio of the output power to the input power so as to obtain the transmission efficiency of the transmission system. Therefore, the design can complete the test of the transmission efficiency of the whole transmission system without manufacturing a sample vehicle, effectively shortens the design period of the whole vehicle and reduces the test design cost.
2. The invention can adjust the spatial position relations such as oil temperature, gears, driving end torque, wheel loading end rotating speed, vertical loading force, relative height difference of all parts of a transmission system and the like in a transmission and a drive axle. Therefore, the design can complete the test of various set conditions, and has wide practical range and accurate test result.
3. The method for testing the transmission efficiency of the automobile transmission system can be suitable for various comparison tests, including a test for changing a controllable variable, a test for changing parts and accessories, a new comparison test and an old comparison test and the like, and the design and the improvement of a vehicle are guided through the tests so as to optimize the performance of the vehicle. Therefore, the design can be subjected to comparative tests, and the design and improvement of the vehicle can be guided through the comparative tests to optimize the vehicle performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a test apparatus according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the driving structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the vertical loading structure of fig. 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the transmission structure to be tested in FIG. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the wheel loading structure of fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the simulated shift mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the analog clutch operating mechanism of fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is an oil passage connection diagram of the oil temperature adjusting device of the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a driving structure 1, a movable base 11, a lifting bottom plate 12, an inclination angle fixing plate 13, a driving motor 14, a gearbox mounting seat 15, a lead screw 16, a support 17, an angle adjusting nut 18, a torque rotating speed sensor 19, a transmission control structure 2, a simulation clutch control mechanism 21, a simulation gear shifting mechanism 22, a clutch pedal 23, a pedal control robot 24, a gear shifting control mechanism 25, a gear shifting robot 26, a sleeve rod 27, a vertical loading structure 3, a portal frame 31, a hydraulic loading device 32, a pressure sensor 33, a cross beam 34, a guide slider 35, an adjustable limiting frame 36, a limiting frame guide rail 37, a cross beam guide rail 38, a slider structure 39, a wheel loading structure 4, a damping rotary drum 41, a measurement loading motor 42, a loading end torque rotating speed sensor 43, a loading support 44, a test port 45, a guide plate 46, a roller 47, a transmission structure 5 to be tested, a clutch 51, a test port 45, a test port, a test device, the oil temperature adjusting device comprises a gearbox 52, a transmission shaft 53, a drive axle 54, wheels 55, a metal floor 6, a track 61 and an oil temperature adjusting device 7.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following description and embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a method for testing the transmission efficiency of an automobile transmission system is based on the following test devices: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a driving assembly 1, a transmission control assembly 2, a vertical loading assembly 3, a wheel loading assembly 4, a transmission assembly 5 to be tested, a metal floor 6 and an oil temperature adjusting device 7, wherein the driving assembly 1 is in transmission fit with a clutch 51 of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested, the transmission control assembly 2 is in transmission fit with a control end of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested, the vertical loading assembly 3 is in transmission fit with a drive axle 54 of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested, and the wheel loading assembly 4 is in contact with a wheel 55 of the transmission structure 5 to be tested;
the driving assembly 1 is arranged on a rail 61 of the metal floor 6, and the bottom of the driving assembly 1 is in sliding fit with the rail 61;
the oil temperature adjusting device 7 is respectively communicated with lubricating oil passages in the gearbox 52 and the drive axle 54;
the transmission assembly to be tested 5 comprises: the power input end of the clutch 51 is in transmission fit with the power output end of the driving motor 14, the power output end of the clutch 51 is in transmission fit with the input shaft of the gearbox 52, the output shaft of the gearbox 52 is in transmission fit with the drive axle 54 through the transmission shaft 53, and a set of wheels 55 are mounted on each of two sides of the drive axle 54;
the transmission efficiency testing method of the transmission system comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: installing a transmission assembly to be tested, installing a transmission assembly 5 to be tested on a test bench, installing a clutch 51 and a gearbox 52 assembly which are assembled on a drive assembly 1, installing a drive axle 54 provided with wheels 55 on a wheel loading assembly 4, then installing a vertical loading assembly 3 on leaf spring seat positions at two ends of the drive axle 54, finally connecting the gearbox 52 and the drive axle 54 by using a transmission shaft 53, and respectively installing temperature sensors on the gearbox 52 and the drive axle 54, wherein the installation is finished at the moment;
the second step is that: in the running-in test, the oil temperature adjusting device 7 is started to respectively adjust the oil temperatures of the gearbox 52 and the drive axle 54 to the set running-in oil temperature, the gear of the gearbox 52 is adjusted to 1 gear, the vertical loading assembly 3 is adjusted to provide the set vertical loading force, then the driving motor 14 of the driving assembly 1 is controlled to output torque, the damping rotary drum 41 of the wheel loading assembly 4 is controlled to output corresponding rotating speed, and the running is stopped after the set time or the set mileage of the working condition is kept;
then, the gear of the gearbox 52 is adjusted to other gears, and the operation is repeated until all the gears are subjected to the running-in test, and at the moment, the running-in is finished;
the third step: compiling a test table, compiling the test table according to test requirements, wherein the controllable input quantity of the known test comprises the following steps: the gear, the torque of a driving end, the rotating speed of a wheel loading end, the vertical loading force, the oil temperature of a transmission and the oil temperature of a drive axle; according to different test purposes, corresponding controllable input quantity is selected as a variable, and a table containing the controllable input quantity, to-be-tested data, acquisition times and acquisition interval time is made as follows:
filling the numerical value of the controllable input quantity of each test, adjusting the variable of each test to manufacture a test form, filling the acquisition times and the acquisition interval time, and finishing the compilation of the test form;
the fourth step: and (3) testing the efficiency, namely sequentially testing according to the sequence, the acquisition times and the acquisition time interval according to the test table obtained in the third step:
starting the oil temperature adjusting device 7 to adjust the oil temperature to the corresponding temperature in the table of the clutch 51 and the oil temperature of the drive axle 54, adjusting the gear of the gearbox 52 to the corresponding gear in the table, adjusting the vertical loading assembly 3 to apply the corresponding vertical loading force in the table, controlling the driving motor 14 of the driving assembly 1 to output the corresponding torque in the table, and simultaneously controlling the damping rotary drum 41 of the wheel loading assembly 4 to output the corresponding rotating speed in the table;
after the equipment runs stably, reading actual input rotating speed and input torque data on a torque rotating speed sensor 19 of the driving assembly 1, and simultaneously reading output rotating speed and output torque data on a loading end torque rotating speed sensor 43 of the wheel loading assembly 4;
repeating the test according to the collection times on the form, reading the data, averaging and filling in the form;
after filling, carrying out the next test of the form according to the steps until the test items on all the forms are completed, and completing the efficiency test;
the fifth step: and (3) data processing, namely taking the filled form obtained in the last step, and respectively calculating the transmission efficiency of each group of tests: the transmission system efficiency η is (P2/P1) × 100%, where P1 is the transmission system input power and P2 is the transmission system output power;
the transmission system input power P1 ═ T1 × n1/9550, where: t1 corresponds to the input torque in the table, n1 corresponds to the input speed in the table;
the transmission system output power P2 is T2 n2/9550, wherein: t2 corresponds to the output torque in the table, n2 corresponds to the output speed in the table;
and after the transmission efficiency of each group of tests is calculated, grouping the data variables according to the test requirements to calculate the average efficiency value and the total average efficiency.
The second step is as follows: in the running-in test, the running-in oil temperature of the gearbox 52 is 0-80 ℃, and the running-in oil temperature of the drive axle 54 is 0-80 ℃; the running-in vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly 3 is 0 kilonewton to 250 kilonewtons, and the vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly 3 is the resultant force loaded by the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism; the running-in time of a single gear is not less than 2 hours.
The third step is: in a test table, the variable range of the torque of the driving end is 0-maximum torque, and the maximum torque refers to the maximum torque of the engine matched with the transmission assembly 5 to be tested; the variable range of the rotating speed of the wheel loading end is 0-the highest rotating speed, and the highest rotating speed refers to the converted rotating speed of the highest vehicle speed of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested; the variable range of the vertical loading force is 0 kilonewton to 250 kilonewtons, and the vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly 3 is the resultant force loaded by the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism; the variable range of oil temperature for the transmission 52 is 0-120 degrees celsius and the variable range of oil temperature for the transaxle 54 is 0-120 degrees celsius.
The second step is as follows: in a running-in test, after the vertical loading assembly 3 provides a vertical loading force, the hydraulic loading device 32 compresses the plate spring seats at two ends of the drive axle 54 through the cross beam 34, at the moment, the height of the adjustable limiting frame 36 is adjusted to be slightly higher than that of the cross beam 34, and then the position of the guide slide block 35 is locked by screwing the fixing bolt, so that the cross beam 34 is in limiting fit with the adjustable limiting frame 36;
the fourth step is as follows: in the efficiency test, after the vertical loading assembly 3 provides a vertical loading force, the hydraulic loading device 32 compresses the plate spring seats at the two ends of the drive axle 54 through the cross beam 34, at this time, after the height of the adjustable limiting frame 36 is adjusted to be slightly higher than that of the cross beam 34, the position of the guide sliding block 35 is locked by screwing the fixing bolt, and the cross beam 34 is in limiting fit with the adjustable limiting frame 36.
The driving assembly 1 comprises a movable base 11, a lifting bottom plate 12, an inclination angle fixing plate 13, a driving motor 14 and a gearbox mounting seat 15, wherein the bottom of the movable base 11 is in sliding fit with a rail 61, four lead screws 16 are fixed at the top of the movable base 11, nuts in threaded fit with the lead screws 16 are sleeved on the lead screws 16, the lifting bottom plate 12 is sleeved on the lead screws 16, the bottom of the lifting bottom plate 12 is in limit fit with the nuts on the lead screws 16, two supports 17 are arranged in the middle of the lifting bottom plate 12, two sides of the middle of the inclination angle fixing plate 13 are fixed on the two supports 17, the inclination angle fixing plate 13 is in rotary fit with the supports 17, two angle adjusting nuts 18 are respectively arranged at two ends of the inclination angle fixing plate 13, the lower end of each angle adjusting nut 18 is in limit fit with the lifting bottom plate 12, and the driving motor 14 and the gearbox mounting seat 15 are fixed on the inclination angle fixing plate 13, a power output shaft of the driving motor 14 penetrates through the gearbox mounting seat 15 and then is in transmission fit with a power input end of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested, and a torque and rotating speed sensor 19 is arranged on the power output shaft of the driving motor 14;
the vertical loading assembly 3 comprises: the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism are symmetrically arranged, the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism are the same in structure, and the left vertical loading mechanism comprises: the device comprises a portal frame 31, a hydraulic loading device 32, a pressure sensor 33, a beam 34, a guide slider 35, an adjustable limiting frame 36, a limiting frame guide rail 37 and a beam guide rail 38, wherein the portal frame 31 is fixed at the top of a loading support 44, the middle part of the beam at the top of the portal frame 31 is fixedly connected with the top of the hydraulic loading device 32, the hydraulic loading device 32 is provided with the pressure sensor 33, the bottom of the hydraulic loading device 32 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the beam 34, two ends of the beam 34 are respectively provided with the guide slider 35, the end part of the beam 34 is rotationally matched with the end part of the guide slider 35, the guide slider 35 is in sliding fit with the beam guide rail 38 fixed inside a portal frame 31, the side walls at two sides of the portal frame 31 are respectively fixed with the limiting frame guide rail 37, and two ends of the adjustable limiting frame 36 are respectively provided with the slider structure 39, the adjustable limiting frame 36 is in sliding fit with the limiting frame guide rail 37 on the corresponding side through a sliding block structure 39, the sliding block structure 39 is in locking fit with the limiting frame guide rail 37 through a fixing bolt arranged on the sliding block structure 39, and the lower end of the adjustable limiting frame 36 is in limiting fit with the top of the guide sliding block 35.
The wheel loading assembly 4 includes: left wheel loading mechanism and right wheel loading mechanism that bilateral symmetry set up, left wheel loading mechanism is the same with right wheel loading mechanism structure, left wheel loading mechanism includes: the device comprises a damping rotary drum 41, a measuring loading motor 42 and a loading end torque and rotating speed sensor 43, wherein a power output shaft of the measuring loading motor 42 is in transmission fit with the damping rotary drum 41, and the loading end torque and rotating speed sensor 43 is arranged on the power output shaft of the measuring loading motor 42.
The wheel loading assembly 4 further comprises: the loading device comprises a loading support 44, the damping drum 41 is arranged inside the loading support 44, two testing ports 45 are formed in the top of the loading support 44, the upper end of the damping drum 41 is arranged in the testing ports 45, two guide plates 46 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of each testing port 45, rollers 47 are arranged on the tops of the guide plates 46, and the rollers 47 are in rotating fit with the tops of the guide plates 46.
The transmission operating assembly 2 comprises: an analog clutch operating mechanism 21 and an analog shift mechanism 22, the analog clutch operating mechanism 21 including: the power output end of the pedal-operated robot 24 is matched with the control end of the clutch 51 in a transmission way after passing through the clutch pedal 23 and the flexible shaft in sequence; a pressure sensor is arranged at the power output end of the pedal-operated robot 24;
the simulated shift mechanism 22 includes: the gear shifting robot comprises a gear shifting operating mechanism 25 and a gear shifting robot 26, wherein a power output rod of the gear shifting robot 26 is in transmission fit with an operating rod of the gear shifting operating mechanism 25 through a sleeve rod 27, the gear shifting operating mechanism 25 is in transmission fit with a gear shifting control end of a gearbox 52, the gear shifting robot 26 is provided with a displacement sensor, and the sleeve rod 27 is provided with a pressure sensor.
The third step is: in the compilation of the test table, the controllable variables also comprise adjustment variables of the spatial position relations of all parts of the transmission system, such as relative height difference, inclination angle and the like.
The testing method can also respectively assemble and test the lubricating oil with different brand components, the transmission assembly 5 to be tested with different part combinations and the new and old comparison of the same part as adjustment variables, and finally, the test result is compared to obtain a conclusion.
The principle of the invention is illustrated as follows:
applications of the test method include, but are not limited to, the following:
1. and performing a comparison test on the two models with the same level to judge respective advantages and disadvantages.
2. By adopting a single variable method, after the test of one set of transmission system is finished, only one part (such as a wheel assembly, such as a transmission assembly) is replaced, the test is carried out again under the same condition, the influence of the variable on the transmission efficiency can be analyzed by comparing two sets of data, and meanwhile, the part of each variety can be compared and evaluated.
3. After the test of one set of transmission system is finished, the relative height difference, the angle and other spatial position relations of all parts of the transmission system are adjusted, then a contrast test is carried out, and an arrangement scheme with higher transmission efficiency can be found after the adjustment of multiple rounds.
4. Different gear oils are replaced, or different gear oil additives are adopted to perform a contrast test, the influence of the different gear oils on the transmission efficiency can be analyzed, and whether the different gear oil additives are helpful to the improvement of the transmission efficiency can be analyzed
5. The transmission system component which is newly produced can be compared with the old component which is tested on the road, and whether the transmission efficiency is attenuated by a transmission, a drive axle and a wheel assembly which are used for a long time or not can be discussed.
Example 1:
a transmission efficiency testing method of an automobile transmission system is based on the following testing device: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a driving assembly 1, a transmission control assembly 2, a vertical loading assembly 3, a wheel loading assembly 4, a transmission assembly 5 to be tested, a metal floor 6 and an oil temperature adjusting device 7, wherein the driving assembly 1 is in transmission fit with a clutch 51 of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested, the transmission control assembly 2 is in transmission fit with a control end of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested, the vertical loading assembly 3 is in transmission fit with a drive axle 54 of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested, and the wheel loading assembly 4 is in contact with a wheel 55 of the transmission structure 5 to be tested;
the driving assembly 1 is arranged on a rail 61 of the metal floor 6, and the bottom of the driving assembly 1 is in sliding fit with the rail 61;
the oil temperature adjusting device 7 is respectively communicated with lubricating oil passages in the gearbox 52 and the drive axle 54;
the transmission assembly to be tested 5 comprises: the power input end of the clutch 51 is in transmission fit with the power output end of the driving motor 14, the power output end of the clutch 51 is in transmission fit with the input shaft of the gearbox 52, the output shaft of the gearbox 52 is in transmission fit with the drive axle 54 through the transmission shaft 53, and a set of wheels 55 are mounted on each of two sides of the drive axle 54;
the transmission efficiency testing method of the transmission system comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: installing a transmission assembly to be tested, installing a transmission assembly 5 to be tested on a test bench, installing a clutch 51 and a gearbox 52 assembly which are assembled on a drive assembly 1, installing a drive axle 54 provided with wheels 55 on a wheel loading assembly 4, then installing a vertical loading assembly 3 on leaf spring seat positions at two ends of the drive axle 54, finally connecting the gearbox 52 and the drive axle 54 by using a transmission shaft 53, and respectively installing temperature sensors on the gearbox 52 and the drive axle 54, wherein the installation is finished at the moment;
the second step is that: in the running-in test, the oil temperature adjusting device 7 is started to respectively adjust the oil temperatures of the gearbox 52 and the drive axle 54 to the set running-in oil temperature, the gear of the gearbox 52 is adjusted to 1 gear, the vertical loading assembly 3 is adjusted to provide the set vertical loading force, then the driving motor 14 of the driving assembly 1 is controlled to output torque, the damping rotary drum 41 of the wheel loading assembly 4 is controlled to output corresponding rotating speed, and the running is stopped after the set time or the set mileage of the working condition is kept;
then, the gear of the gearbox 52 is adjusted to other gears, and the operation is repeated until all the gears are subjected to the running-in test, and at the moment, the running-in is finished;
the third step: compiling a test table, compiling the test table according to test requirements, wherein the controllable input quantity of the known test comprises the following steps: the gear, the torque of a driving end, the rotating speed of a wheel loading end, the vertical loading force, the oil temperature of a transmission and the oil temperature of a drive axle; according to different test purposes, corresponding controllable input quantity is selected as a variable, and a table containing the controllable input quantity, to-be-tested data, acquisition times and acquisition interval time is made as follows:
filling the numerical value of the controllable input quantity of each test, adjusting the variable of each test to manufacture a test form, filling the acquisition times and the acquisition interval time, and finishing the compilation of the test form;
the fourth step: and (3) testing the efficiency, namely sequentially testing according to the sequence, the acquisition times and the acquisition time interval according to the test table obtained in the third step:
starting the oil temperature adjusting device 7 to adjust the oil temperature to the corresponding temperature in the table of the clutch 51 and the oil temperature of the drive axle 54, adjusting the gear of the gearbox 52 to the corresponding gear in the table, adjusting the vertical loading assembly 3 to apply the corresponding vertical loading force in the table, controlling the driving motor 14 of the driving assembly 1 to output the corresponding torque in the table, and simultaneously controlling the damping rotary drum 41 of the wheel loading assembly 4 to output the corresponding rotating speed in the table;
after the equipment runs stably, reading actual input rotating speed and input torque data on a torque rotating speed sensor 19 of the driving assembly 1, and simultaneously reading output rotating speed and output torque data on a loading end torque rotating speed sensor 43 of the wheel loading assembly 4;
repeating the test according to the collection times on the form, reading the data, averaging and filling in the form;
after filling, carrying out the next test of the form according to the steps until the test items on all the forms are completed, and completing the efficiency test;
the fifth step: and (3) data processing, namely taking the filled form obtained in the last step, and respectively calculating the transmission efficiency of each group of tests: the transmission system efficiency η is (P2/P1) × 100%, where P1 is the transmission system input power and P2 is the transmission system output power;
the transmission system input power P1 ═ T1 × n1/9550, where: t1 corresponds to the input torque in the table, n1 corresponds to the input speed in the table;
the transmission system output power P2 is T2 n2/9550, wherein: t2 corresponds to the output torque in the table, n2 corresponds to the output speed in the table;
and after the transmission efficiency of each group of tests is calculated, grouping the data variables according to the test requirements to calculate the average efficiency value and the total average efficiency.
The second step is as follows: in the running-in test, the running-in oil temperature of the gearbox 52 is 0-80 ℃, and the running-in oil temperature of the drive axle 54 is 0-80 ℃; the running-in vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly 3 is 0 kilonewton to 250 kilonewtons, and the vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly 3 is the resultant force loaded by the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism; the running-in time of a single gear is not less than 2 hours.
The third step is: in a test table, the variable range of the torque of the driving end is 0-maximum torque, and the maximum torque refers to the maximum torque of the engine matched with the transmission assembly 5 to be tested; the variable range of the rotating speed of the wheel loading end is 0-the highest rotating speed, and the highest rotating speed refers to the converted rotating speed of the highest vehicle speed of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested; the variable range of the vertical loading force is 0 kilonewton to 250 kilonewtons, and the vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly 3 is the resultant force loaded by the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism; the variable range of oil temperature for the transmission 52 is 0-120 degrees celsius and the variable range of oil temperature for the transaxle 54 is 0-120 degrees celsius.
The second step is as follows: in a running-in test, after the vertical loading assembly 3 provides a vertical loading force, the hydraulic loading device 32 compresses the plate spring seats at two ends of the drive axle 54 through the cross beam 34, at the moment, the height of the adjustable limiting frame 36 is adjusted to be slightly higher than that of the cross beam 34, and then the position of the guide slide block 35 is locked by screwing the fixing bolt, so that the cross beam 34 is in limiting fit with the adjustable limiting frame 36;
the fourth step is as follows: in the efficiency test, after the vertical loading assembly 3 provides a vertical loading force, the hydraulic loading device 32 compresses the plate spring seats at the two ends of the drive axle 54 through the cross beam 34, at this time, after the height of the adjustable limiting frame 36 is adjusted to be slightly higher than that of the cross beam 34, the position of the guide sliding block 35 is locked by screwing the fixing bolt, and the cross beam 34 is in limiting fit with the adjustable limiting frame 36.
The driving assembly 1 comprises a movable base 11, a lifting bottom plate 12, an inclination angle fixing plate 13, a driving motor 14 and a gearbox mounting seat 15, wherein the bottom of the movable base 11 is in sliding fit with a rail 61, four lead screws 16 are fixed at the top of the movable base 11, nuts in threaded fit with the lead screws 16 are sleeved on the lead screws 16, the lifting bottom plate 12 is sleeved on the lead screws 16, the bottom of the lifting bottom plate 12 is in limit fit with the nuts on the lead screws 16, two supports 17 are arranged in the middle of the lifting bottom plate 12, two sides of the middle of the inclination angle fixing plate 13 are fixed on the two supports 17, the inclination angle fixing plate 13 is in rotary fit with the supports 17, two angle adjusting nuts 18 are respectively arranged at two ends of the inclination angle fixing plate 13, the lower end of each angle adjusting nut 18 is in limit fit with the lifting bottom plate 12, and the driving motor 14 and the gearbox mounting seat 15 are fixed on the inclination angle fixing plate 13, a power output shaft of the driving motor 14 penetrates through the gearbox mounting seat 15 and then is in transmission fit with a power input end of the transmission assembly 5 to be tested, and a torque and rotating speed sensor 19 is arranged on the power output shaft of the driving motor 14;
the vertical loading assembly 3 comprises: the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism are symmetrically arranged, the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism are the same in structure, and the left vertical loading mechanism comprises: the device comprises a portal frame 31, a hydraulic loading device 32, a pressure sensor 33, a beam 34, a guide slider 35, an adjustable limiting frame 36, a limiting frame guide rail 37 and a beam guide rail 38, wherein the portal frame 31 is fixed at the top of a loading support 44, the middle part of the beam at the top of the portal frame 31 is fixedly connected with the top of the hydraulic loading device 32, the hydraulic loading device 32 is provided with the pressure sensor 33, the bottom of the hydraulic loading device 32 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the beam 34, two ends of the beam 34 are respectively provided with the guide slider 35, the end part of the beam 34 is rotationally matched with the end part of the guide slider 35, the guide slider 35 is in sliding fit with the beam guide rail 38 fixed inside a portal frame 31, the side walls at two sides of the portal frame 31 are respectively fixed with the limiting frame guide rail 37, and two ends of the adjustable limiting frame 36 are respectively provided with the slider structure 39, the adjustable limiting frame 36 is in sliding fit with the limiting frame guide rail 37 on the corresponding side through a sliding block structure 39, the sliding block structure 39 is in locking fit with the limiting frame guide rail 37 through a fixing bolt arranged on the sliding block structure 39, and the lower end of the adjustable limiting frame 36 is in limiting fit with the top of the guide sliding block 35.
The wheel loading assembly 4 includes: left wheel loading mechanism and right wheel loading mechanism that bilateral symmetry set up, left wheel loading mechanism is the same with right wheel loading mechanism structure, left wheel loading mechanism includes: the device comprises a damping rotary drum 41, a measuring loading motor 42 and a loading end torque and rotating speed sensor 43, wherein a power output shaft of the measuring loading motor 42 is in transmission fit with the damping rotary drum 41, and the loading end torque and rotating speed sensor 43 is arranged on the power output shaft of the measuring loading motor 42.
Example 2:
example 2 is substantially the same as example 1 except that:
the wheel loading assembly 4 further comprises: the loading support 44 is provided with the damping drum 41, the damping drum 41 is arranged inside the loading support 44, the top of the loading support 44 is provided with two testing ports 45, the upper end of the damping drum 41 is arranged in the testing ports 45, the front end and the rear end of each testing port 45 are respectively provided with a guide plate 46, the top of each guide plate 46 is provided with a roller 47, and each roller 47 is in rotating fit with the top of each guide plate 46; the transmission operating assembly 2 comprises: an analog clutch operating mechanism 21 and an analog shift mechanism 22, the analog clutch operating mechanism 21 including: the power output end of the pedal-operated robot 24 is matched with the control end of the clutch 51 in a transmission way after passing through the clutch pedal 23 and the flexible shaft in sequence; a pressure sensor is arranged at the power output end of the pedal-operated robot 24; the simulated shift mechanism 22 includes: the gear shifting robot comprises a gear shifting operating mechanism 25 and a gear shifting robot 26, wherein a power output rod of the gear shifting robot 26 is in transmission fit with an operating rod of the gear shifting operating mechanism 25 through a sleeve rod 27, the gear shifting operating mechanism 25 is in transmission fit with a gear shifting control end of a gearbox 52, the gear shifting robot 26 is provided with a displacement sensor, and the sleeve rod 27 is provided with a pressure sensor.
Example 3:
example 3 is substantially the same as example 2 except that:
the third step is: in the compilation of a test table, the controllable variables also comprise adjustment variables of the spatial position relations of all parts of the transmission system, such as relative height difference, inclination angle and the like; the testing method can also respectively assemble and test the lubricating oil with different brand components, the transmission assembly 5 to be tested with different part combinations and the new and old comparison of the same part as adjustment variables, and finally, the test result is compared to obtain a conclusion.
Claims (9)
1. A method for testing the transmission efficiency of an automobile transmission system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the transmission efficiency testing method is based on the following testing device: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a driving assembly (1), a transmission control assembly (2), a vertical loading assembly (3), a wheel loading assembly (4), a transmission assembly to be tested (5), a metal floor (6) and an oil temperature adjusting device (7), wherein the driving assembly (1) is in transmission fit with a clutch (51) of the transmission assembly to be tested (5), the transmission control assembly (2) is in transmission fit with a control end of the transmission assembly to be tested (5), the vertical loading assembly (3) is in transmission fit with a drive axle (54) of the transmission assembly to be tested (5), and the wheel loading assembly (4) is in contact with a wheel (55) of the transmission assembly to be tested (5);
the driving assembly (1) is arranged on a track (61) of the metal floor (6), and the bottom of the driving assembly (1) is in sliding fit with the track (61);
the oil temperature adjusting device (7) is respectively communicated with lubricating oil passages in the gearbox (52) and the drive axle (54);
the transmission assembly to be tested (5) comprises: the power-driven vehicle-mounted power transmission device comprises a clutch (51), a gearbox (52), a transmission shaft (53), a drive axle (54) and wheels (55), wherein the power input end of the clutch (51) is in transmission fit with the power output end of a driving motor (14), the power output end of the clutch (51) is in transmission fit with the input shaft of the gearbox (52), the output shaft of the gearbox (52) is in transmission fit with the drive axle (54) through the transmission shaft (53), and two sides of the drive axle (54) are respectively provided with a set of wheels (55);
the transmission efficiency testing method of the transmission system comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: installing a transmission assembly to be tested, installing the transmission assembly to be tested (5) on a test bench, installing a clutch (51) and a gearbox (52) combined piece which are assembled on a drive assembly (1), installing a drive axle (54) provided with wheels (55) on a wheel loading assembly (4), then installing a vertical loading assembly (3) on leaf spring seat positions at two ends of the drive axle (54), finally connecting the gearbox (52) and the drive axle (54) by using a transmission shaft (53), and respectively installing temperature sensors on the gearbox (52) and the drive axle (54), wherein the installation is completed;
the second step is that: in a running-in test, starting an oil temperature adjusting device (7), respectively adjusting the oil temperatures of a gearbox (52) and a drive axle (54) to set running-in oil temperatures, adjusting the gear of the gearbox (52) to 1 gear, adjusting a vertical loading assembly (3) to provide a set vertical loading force, simultaneously controlling the output torque of a driving motor (14) of the driving assembly (1) and the output corresponding rotating speed of a damping rotary drum (41) of a wheel loading assembly (4), and stopping after keeping the working condition for a set time or a set mileage;
then adjusting the gear of the gearbox (52) to other gears and repeating the operation until all the gears are subjected to a running-in test, and finishing the running-in;
the third step: compiling a test table, compiling the test table according to test requirements, wherein the controllable input quantity of the known test comprises the following steps: the gear, the torque of a driving end, the rotating speed of a wheel loading end, the vertical loading force, the oil temperature of a transmission and the oil temperature of a drive axle; selecting corresponding controllable input quantity as a variable according to different test purposes, and making a table containing the controllable input quantity, to-be-tested data, acquisition times and acquisition interval time;
filling the numerical value of the controllable input quantity of each test, adjusting the variable of each test to manufacture a test form, filling the acquisition times and the acquisition interval time, and finishing the compilation of the test form;
the fourth step: and (3) testing the efficiency, namely sequentially testing according to the sequence, the acquisition times and the acquisition time interval according to the test table obtained in the third step:
starting an oil temperature adjusting device (7) to adjust the oil temperature to the temperature corresponding to the oil temperature of a clutch (51) and the oil temperature of a drive axle (54) in a table respectively, then adjusting the gear of a gearbox (52) to the gear corresponding to the gear in the table, adjusting a vertical loading assembly (3) to apply corresponding vertical loading force in the table, controlling a driving motor (14) of a driving assembly (1) to output corresponding torque in the table, and simultaneously controlling a damping rotary drum (41) of a wheel loading assembly (4) to output corresponding rotating speed in the table;
after the equipment runs stably, reading actual input rotating speed and input torque data on a torque rotating speed sensor (19) of a driving assembly (1), and simultaneously reading output rotating speed and output torque data on a loading end torque rotating speed sensor (43) of a wheel loading assembly (4);
repeating the test according to the collection times on the form, reading the data, averaging and filling in the form;
after filling, carrying out the next test of the form according to the steps until the test items on all the forms are completed, and completing the efficiency test;
the fifth step: and (3) data processing, namely taking the filled form obtained in the last step, and respectively calculating the transmission efficiency of each group of tests: transmission system efficiency η = (P2/P1) × 100%, where P1 is transmission system input power and P2 is transmission system output power;
driveline input power P1= T1 n1/9550, wherein: t1 corresponds to the input torque in the table, n1 corresponds to the input speed in the table;
driveline output power P2= T2 n2/9550, where: t2 corresponds to the output torque in the table, n2 corresponds to the output speed in the table;
and after the transmission efficiency of each group of tests is calculated, grouping the data variables according to the test requirements to calculate the average efficiency value and the total average efficiency.
2. The method for testing the transmission efficiency of the transmission system of the automobile according to claim 1, wherein:
the second step is as follows: in a running-in test, the running-in oil temperature of the gearbox (52) is 0-80 ℃, and the running-in oil temperature of the drive axle (54) is 0-80 ℃; the running-in vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly (3) is 0 kilonewton to 250 kilonewtons, and the vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly (3) is the resultant force loaded by the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism; the running-in time of a single gear is not less than 2 hours.
3. The method for testing the transmission efficiency of the transmission system of the automobile according to claim 2, wherein:
the third step is: in a test table, the variable range of the torque of the driving end is 0-maximum torque, and the maximum torque refers to the maximum torque of an engine matched with a transmission assembly (5) to be tested; the variable range of the rotating speed of the wheel loading end is 0-the highest rotating speed, and the highest rotating speed refers to the conversion rotating speed of the highest vehicle speed of the transmission assembly (5) to be tested; the variable range of the vertical loading force is 0 kilonewton to 250 kilonewtons, and the vertical loading force of the vertical loading assembly (3) is the resultant force loaded by the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism; the variable range of the oil temperature of the gearbox (52) is 0-120 ℃, and the variable range of the oil temperature of the drive axle (54) is 0-120 ℃.
4. A method of testing the transmission efficiency of an automotive transmission according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterised in that:
the second step is as follows: in a running-in test, after a vertical loading assembly (3) provides a vertical loading force, a hydraulic loading device (32) compresses plate spring seats at two ends of a drive axle (54) through a cross beam (34), at the moment, after the height of an adjustable limiting frame (36) is adjusted to be slightly higher than that of the cross beam (34), a fixing bolt is screwed to lock the position of a guide sliding block (35), so that the cross beam (34) is in limit fit with the adjustable limiting frame (36);
the fourth step is as follows: in the efficiency test, after the vertical loading assembly (3) provides vertical loading force, the hydraulic loading device (32) compresses the plate spring seats at two ends of the drive axle (54) through the cross beam (34), at the moment, after the height of the adjustable limiting frame (36) is adjusted to be slightly higher than that of the cross beam (34), the position of the guide sliding block (35) is locked by screwing the fixing bolt, and the cross beam (34) is in limit fit with the adjustable limiting frame (36).
5. The method for testing the transmission efficiency of the transmission system of the automobile according to claim 4, wherein:
the driving assembly (1) comprises a movable base (11), a lifting bottom plate (12), an inclination angle fixing plate (13), a driving motor (14) and a gearbox mounting seat (15), wherein the bottom of the movable base (11) is in sliding fit with a rail (61), four lead screws (16) are fixed at the top of the movable base (11), nuts in threaded fit with the lead screws (16) are sleeved on the lead screws (16), the lifting bottom plate (12) is sleeved on the lead screws (16), the bottom of the lifting bottom plate (12) is in limit fit with the nuts on the lead screws (16), two supports (17) are arranged in the middle of the lifting bottom plate (12), two sides of the middle of the inclination angle fixing plate (13) are fixed on the two supports (17), the inclination angle fixing plate (13) is in rotating fit with the supports (17), and angle adjusting nuts (18) are respectively arranged at two ends of the inclination angle fixing plate (13), the lower end of the angle adjusting nut (18) is in limit fit with the lifting bottom plate (12), a driving motor (14) and a gearbox mounting seat (15) are fixed on the inclination angle fixing plate (13), a power output shaft of the driving motor (14) penetrates through the gearbox mounting seat (15) and then is in transmission fit with a power input end of a transmission assembly (5) to be tested, and a torque and rotating speed sensor (19) is arranged on the power output shaft of the driving motor (14);
the vertical loading assembly (3) comprises: the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism are symmetrically arranged, the left vertical loading mechanism and the right vertical loading mechanism are the same in structure, and the left vertical loading mechanism comprises: the device comprises a portal frame (31), a hydraulic loading device (32), a pressure sensor (33), a beam (34), a guide sliding block (35), an adjustable limiting frame (36), a limiting frame guide rail (37) and a beam guide rail (38), wherein the portal frame (31) is fixed at the top of a loading support (44), the middle of a beam at the top of the portal frame (31) is fixedly connected with the top of the hydraulic loading device (32), the hydraulic loading device (32) is provided with the pressure sensor (33), the bottom of the hydraulic loading device (32) is fixedly connected with the middle of the beam (34), two ends of the beam (34) are respectively provided with the guide sliding block (35), the end part of the beam (34) is rotatably matched with the end part of the guide sliding block (35), the guide sliding block (35) is in sliding fit with the beam guide rail (38) fixed in the column of the portal frame (31), the side walls at two sides of the column of the portal frame (31) are respectively fixed with the limiting frame guide rail (37), the two ends of the adjustable limiting frame (36) are respectively provided with a sliding block structure (39), the adjustable limiting frame (36) is in sliding fit with the limiting frame guide rail (37) on the corresponding side of the adjustable limiting frame through the sliding block structures (39), the sliding block structures (39) are in locking fit with the limiting frame guide rail (37) through fixing bolts arranged on the sliding block structures, and the lower end of the adjustable limiting frame (36) is in limiting fit with the top of the guide sliding block (35);
the wheel loading assembly (4) comprises: left wheel loading mechanism and right wheel loading mechanism that bilateral symmetry set up, left wheel loading mechanism is the same with right wheel loading mechanism structure, left wheel loading mechanism includes: the device comprises a damping rotary drum (41), a measuring loading motor (42) and a loading end torque and rotating speed sensor (43), wherein a power output shaft of the measuring loading motor (42) is in transmission fit with the damping rotary drum (41), and the loading end torque and rotating speed sensor (43) is arranged on the power output shaft of the measuring loading motor (42).
6. The method for testing the transmission efficiency of the transmission system of the automobile according to claim 5, wherein:
the wheel loading assembly (4) further comprises: the loading device comprises a loading support (44), a damping rotary drum (41) is arranged inside the loading support (44), two testing ports (45) are formed in the top of the loading support (44), the upper end of the damping rotary drum (41) is arranged in the testing ports (45), a guide plate (46) is arranged at each of the front end and the rear end of each testing port (45), a roller (47) is arranged at the top of each guide plate (46), and the roller (47) is in rotating fit with the top of each guide plate (46).
7. The method for testing the transmission efficiency of the transmission system of the automobile according to claim 6, wherein:
the transmission operating assembly (2) comprises: a simulated clutch operating mechanism (21) and a simulated gear shifting mechanism (22), the simulated clutch operating mechanism (21) comprising: the power output end of the pedal-operated robot (24) is in transmission fit with the control end of the clutch (51) after passing through the clutch pedal (23) and the flexible shaft in sequence; a pressure sensor is arranged on the power output end of the pedal-operated robot (24);
the simulated gear shift mechanism (22) includes: shift operating device (25) and shift robot (26), the power take off pole of shift robot (26) passes through loop bar (27) and the control lever transmission cooperation of shift operating device (25), shift operating device (25) and the selection of gearbox (52) are traded control end transmission cooperation, shift robot (26) is last from taking displacement sensor, be provided with pressure sensor on loop bar (27).
8. The method for testing the transmission efficiency of the transmission system of the automobile according to claim 7, wherein:
the third step is: in the compilation of the test table, the controllable variables also comprise adjustment variables of the spatial position relations of all parts of the transmission system, such as relative height difference, inclination angle and the like.
9. The method for testing the transmission efficiency of the transmission system of the automobile according to claim 8, wherein:
the testing method can also respectively assemble and test the lubricating oil with different brand components, the transmission assembly (5) to be tested with different part combinations and the new and old comparison of the same part as adjustment variables, and finally, the test result is compared to obtain a conclusion.
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|---|
| Design and performance analysis of a 2-speed transmission for electric heavy-duty mining vehicles;Yiting Kang;《Mechanical Engineering》;20191231;全文 * |
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| CN112924064A (en) | 2021-06-08 |
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