CN105043762A - Fatigue testing machine for gear shift fork - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention proposes a variable speed shift fork fatigue testing machine, which includes a base on which a transmission mechanism, a testing mechanism, a loading brake mechanism and a position adjustment mechanism are provided; the transmission mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, and the motor is connected to the reducer ;The test mechanism is composed of a transmission box part and a shift fork test part; Cylinder, crossbeam, and shift fork shaft are fixed on the lower part of the crossbeam; the cylinder is fixed on the upper part of the crossbeam, the joystick is connected to the cylinder through a sensor, and the other end of the joystick is provided with a shift finger; the loading brake mechanism includes a brake, which is connected to a synchronizer; position The adjustment mechanism includes a Z-direction and a Y-direction adjustment mechanism, the beam is fixed on the Z-direction adjustment mechanism, and the Z-direction adjustment mechanism is fixed on the Y-direction adjustment structure. The machine is easy to operate, with reliable data and good versatility, which reduces the cost of research and development and promotes product innovation.

Description

Variable speed shift fork fatigue testing machine

technical field

The invention relates to a detection device for a transmission fork of an automobile, in particular to a testing machine for fatigue performance of a transmission fork.

Background technique

The gearbox is an important transmission device in the variable speed control system, which is widely used in automobiles and other machinery, and the variable speed fork is one of the key components in the gearbox.

At present, the processing and testing of the complete gearbox is relatively mature, and related testing equipment has been developed at home and abroad; however, there is still a lack of mature testing equipment for the fatigue test of the shift fork in the gearbox. The traditional detection method is: use the assembled gearbox to test on the gearbox test bench, and indirectly test the fatigue life of the shift fork by testing the performance of the entire gearbox. This method forces companies that are solely engaged in the production of shift forks to be equipped with a complete set of gearbox test benches. At the same time, each research and development of a shift fork requires the purchase of a complete set of gearboxes for bench testing. For the production and production enterprises, it is extremely inconvenient, the cost is too high, and there is a certain waste of resources, which leads to great constraints on the development of new products.

Contents of the invention

In order to realize the independent wear and fatigue performance test of multi-variety transmission forks, reduce research and development costs, and increase enterprise profits, the present invention proposes a testing machine for fatigue performance testing of transmission forks.

For this reason, the technical scheme of the present invention is: variable speed shift fork fatigue testing machine, comprises base, is characterized in that:

The base is equipped with a transmission mechanism, a testing mechanism, a loading brake mechanism and a position adjustment mechanism, the transmission mechanism, the testing mechanism, and the loading brake mechanism are connected in series in sequence, and the position adjustment mechanism is correspondingly arranged on one side of the testing mechanism;

The transmission mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, the reducer and the motor are respectively fixed on the base, the output shaft of the motor is connected with the input shaft of the reducer through a first coupling, and the output shaft of the reducer is provided with a second coupling ;

The test mechanism is composed of a transmission box part and a shift fork test part; the transmission box part includes a synchronizer and a box body, the box body is fixed on the base, the synchronizer is fixed on the bearing seat provided in the box body, and the synchronizer The input shaft of the input shaft is connected with the second coupling through the third coupling, and the fourth coupling is provided on the output shaft of the synchronizer; lubricating oil is provided in the box, and the corresponding synchronizer is provided on the top of the box. Window, when in use, let the fork of the transmission fork pass through the window of the box body and be connected to the ring slot on the synchronizer; the fork test part includes the fork shaft, joystick, and cylinder for supporting the transmission fork 1. The crossbeam, the shift fork shaft is fixed on the lower part of the crossbeam through the bracket, and the shift fork is inserted on the shift fork shaft during use; the cylinder is fixed on the upper part of the crossbeam, and the front end of the piston rod of the cylinder is equipped with a sensor, and the other end of the sensor is connected to the joystick. The other end of the joystick is provided with a shift finger. When in use, the shift finger is stuck in the slot of the shift fork, and the movement of the cylinder drives the shift fork to reciprocate on the shift fork shaft; the entire shift fork test part passes The beam is connected as a whole, and the back of the beam is provided with a threaded hole for connecting with the position adjustment mechanism;

The loading braking mechanism includes a brake, the brake is fixed on the base, and the input shaft of the brake is connected with the fourth coupling through the fifth coupling;

The position adjustment mechanism is composed of a Z-direction adjustment mechanism arranged vertically to the horizontal plane and a Y-direction adjustment structure arranged parallel to the horizontal plane; the Z-direction adjustment mechanism includes a vertical guide plate, two vertical linear guide rails and a vertical ball screw, and the vertical ball screw Fixed in the center of the vertical guide plate, the upper end of the vertical ball screw is equipped with a Z-direction adjustment hand wheel, two vertical linear guide rails are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the vertical ball screw, and the bottom of the vertical guide plate is provided with threaded holes for connecting with the Y-direction adjustment structure When assembling, the beam is connected with the nut of the vertical ball screw and two vertical linear guide rails through screws, so that the beam can move up and down along the vertical guide plate with the rotation of the vertical ball screw to realize Z-direction position adjustment; Y-direction adjustment structure It includes a horizontal guide plate, two horizontal linear guide rails and a horizontal ball screw. The horizontal ball screw is fixed in the center of the horizontal guide plate. The rear end of the horizontal ball screw is equipped with a Y-direction adjustment handwheel. When assembling, the bottom of the vertical guide plate is connected with the horizontal ball screw and two horizontal linear guide rails through screws, so that the vertical guide plate can move forward and backward along the horizontal guide plate with the rotation of the horizontal ball screw to achieve Y-direction position adjustment.

An improvement to the above technical solution is that: the base is provided with a T-shaped slot to facilitate the installation and adjustment of various components.

An improvement to the above technical solution is that: the motor is a variable frequency motor, so that the input speed can be changed according to the test requirements during use.

An improvement to the above technical solution is that: the sensor is a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, and a counter, which can measure the pulling force, displacement and shift cycle times of the joystick driving the shift fork during use.

Yet another improvement to the above technical solution is that: the bracket is provided with a gap sensor, and the shift fork is provided with a reference block correspondingly. Measurement.

A further improvement to the above technical solution lies in that: a temperature controller is provided in the box, so that the temperature of the lubricating oil in the box can be monitored and controlled in real time during the test, and the working environment of the shift fork can be truly simulated.

Beneficial effect:

In the present invention, a transmission mechanism, a testing mechanism, a loading brake mechanism and a position adjustment mechanism are provided on the base to form a complete speed change fork testing machine. The shift fork shaft moves longitudinally, and at the same time, the measured shift fork can be adjusted horizontally and up and down through the position adjustment mechanism to make it reach the position corresponding to the synchronizer; then the arc-shaped fork of the measured shift fork is clamped Connected to the card slot on the synchronizer to simulate the shifting condition; after the tested transmission fork is installed and adjusted, start the motor, the transmission mechanism drives the synchronizer to rotate at a uniform speed, start the cylinder, and the cylinder drives the joystick to reciprocate, and the joystick The gear shifting fork under test is driven by the gear shifting finger to simulate the shifting movement of the gear shifting fork under test; Real-time monitoring and recording, and the brake can be loaded and braked according to the needs of the simulated working conditions. The final measurement and control system analyzes the recorded data to obtain the friction, wear and fatigue performance of the tested transmission fork, which provides a basis for the development of new products. The testing machine is easy to operate and the data is real and reliable. When changing the model of the transmission fork to be tested, only need to replace the matching synchronizer and adjust the corresponding position with the position adjustment mechanism to realize the fatigue performance test of different types of transmission forks. The versatility is good, which effectively reduces the research and development cost of new products, increases corporate income, and promotes product innovation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the present invention;

The numbers in the figure are: 1. Base; 2. Motor; 3. Reducer; 4. First coupling; 5. Second coupling; 6. Synchronizer; 7. Box; 8. Bearing seat; 9. The third coupling; 10. The fourth coupling; 11. Lubricating oil; 12. Window; 13. The tested transmission fork; 14. Fork shaft; 15. Joystick; 16. Cylinder; 17. Beam; 18, bracket; 19, sensor; 20, shift finger; 21, brake; 22, fifth coupling; 23, vertical guide plate; 24, vertical linear guide rail; 25, vertical ball screw; 26, horizontal guide plate 27. Horizontal linear guide rail; 28. Horizontal ball screw; 29. Y-direction adjustment handwheel; 30. T-shaped slot; 31. Gap sensor; 32. Reference block; 33. Temperature controller.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a variable speed shift fork fatigue testing machine includes a base 1; a transmission mechanism, a testing mechanism, a loading brake mechanism and a position adjustment mechanism are arranged on the base 1, and the transmission mechanism, the test The mechanism and the loading brake mechanism are sequentially connected in series, and the position adjustment mechanism is correspondingly arranged on one side of the testing mechanism; the transmission mechanism includes a motor 2 and a reducer 3, and the reducer 3 and the motor 2 are respectively fixed on the base 1 , the output shaft of the motor 2 is connected with the input shaft of the reducer 3 through the first coupling 4, and the output shaft of the reducer 3 is provided with a second coupling 5; the test mechanism is composed of a transmission box part and The shift fork test part is composed; the transmission box part includes a synchronizer 6 and a box body 7, the box body 7 is fixed on the base 1, the synchronizer 6 is fixed on the bearing seat 8 provided inside the box body 7, and the synchronizer The input shaft of 6 is connected with the second coupling 5 through the third coupling 9, and the fourth coupling 10 is arranged on the output shaft of the synchronizer 6; the lubricating oil is filled inside the box body 7 11. A window 12 is provided on the top of the box body 7 corresponding to the synchronizer 6. When in use, the fork pin of the transmission shift fork 13 to be tested passes through the window 12 of the box body 7 through the ring-shaped slot snapped on the synchronizer 6 Inside; the shift fork test part includes a shift fork shaft 14, a joystick 15, a cylinder 16, and a crossbeam 17 for supporting the tested variable speed shift fork 13, and the shift fork shaft 14 is fixed on the bottom of the crossbeam 17 through a bracket 18. The tested transmission shift fork 13 is interspersed on the shift fork shaft 14; the cylinder 16 is fixed on the upper part of the beam 17, the front end of the piston rod of the cylinder 16 is connected with a sensor 19, and the other end of the sensor is connected with the right end of the joystick 15 , a shift finger 20 is provided at the left end of the joystick 15. When in use, the shift finger 20 is clamped in the slot of the transmission fork 13 under test, and the movement of the cylinder 16 drives the transmission fork 13 under test in the shift fork. Move back and forth on the shaft 14; during assembly, the whole shift fork test part is connected as a whole by the crossbeam 17, and the back side of the crossbeam 17 is provided with a threaded hole for connecting with the position adjustment mechanism; the described loading brake mechanism includes a brake 21, Fix the brake 21 on the base 1, and connect the input shaft of the brake 21 to the fourth coupling 10 through the fifth coupling 22; the position adjustment mechanism is adjusted in the Z direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane mechanism and a Y-direction adjustment structure arranged parallel to the horizontal plane; the Z-direction adjustment mechanism includes a vertical guide plate 23, two vertical linear guide rails 24, and a vertical ball screw 25, and the vertical ball screw 25 is fixed on the center of the vertical guide plate 23. The upper end of the vertical ball screw 25 is fixedly connected with a Z-direction adjustment handwheel through a nut, and two vertical linear guide rails 24 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the vertical ball screw 25, and the bottom of the vertical guide plate 23 is provided with a Y The threaded hole connected to the adjustment structure. When assembling, the beam 17 is connected with the nut of the vertical ball screw 25 and the two vertical linear guide rails 24 through screws respectively. When in use, the Z-direction adjustment handwheel is turned to make the beam 17 It can be realized by moving up and down along the vertical guide plate 23 with the rotation of the vertical ball screw 25 The adjustment of the crossbeam 17 in the Z direction position; the Y direction adjustment structure includes a horizontal guide plate 26, two horizontal linear guide rails 27, and a horizontal ball screw 28. The horizontal ball screw 28 is fixed on the center of the horizontal guide plate 26, and the horizontal ball screw The rear end of the bar 28 is fixedly connected with a Y-direction adjustment handwheel 29 through a nut, and two horizontal linear guide rails 27 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the horizontal ball screw 28. During assembly, the vertical guide plate 23 is respectively passed through the screw and The nut of the horizontal ball screw 28 is connected with two horizontal linear guide rails 27. During use, the hand wheel 29 is adjusted by turning the Y direction, so that the vertical guide plate 23 can move forward and backward along the horizontal guide plate 26 along with the rotation of the horizontal ball screw 28. This enables adjustment of the vertical guide plate 23 in the Y-direction position.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a T-shaped slot 30 is provided on the base 1 to facilitate the installation and adjustment of various components.

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the motor 2 is a variable frequency motor, so that the input speed can be changed according to the test requirements during convenient use.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the sensor 19 is a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, and a counter, which can measure the pulling force, displacement and shift cycle times of the joystick driving the shift fork during use.

As shown in Figure 1, a clearance sensor 31 is provided on the support 18, and a reference block 32 is correspondingly provided on the described transmission fork 13 to be tested. The size of the fork wear gap is measured.

As shown in Figure 1, a temperature controller 33 is provided inside the box body 7, so that the temperature of the lubricating oil 11 inside the box body 7 can be monitored and controlled in real time during the test, so as to truly simulate the shift fork working environment.

In the present invention, a transmission mechanism, a testing mechanism, a loading brake mechanism and a position adjustment mechanism are provided on the base to form a complete speed change fork testing machine. The shift fork shaft reciprocates longitudinally, and at the same time, through the position adjustment mechanism, the measured shift fork can be adjusted horizontally, up and down, so that it reaches the position corresponding to the synchronizer; then the arc-shaped fork of the measured shift fork It is clamped in the card slot on the synchronizer to simulate the shifting condition; after the tested transmission fork is installed and adjusted, the motor is started, the transmission mechanism drives the synchronizer to rotate at a uniform speed, and the cylinder is started, which drives the joystick to reciprocate and operate The lever drives the tested transmission fork to move through the shift finger, so as to realize the simulated shift movement of the tested transmission fork; Real-time monitoring and recording are carried out. At the same time, the brake can be loaded and braked according to the needs of the simulated working conditions. The final measurement and control system analyzes the recorded data to obtain the friction, wear and fatigue performance of the tested transmission fork, which provides a basis for the development of new products. . The testing machine is easy to operate and the data is real and reliable. When it is necessary to change the type of transmission fork to be tested, just replace the matching synchronizer and adjust the corresponding position with the position adjustment mechanism to realize the fatigue performance of different types of transmission forks. The test has good versatility, which effectively reduces the research and development cost of new products, increases corporate income, and promotes product innovation.

Claims (6)

1. gear shift fork fatigue tester, comprises pedestal, it is characterized in that:

Pedestal is provided with gear train, mechanism for testing, loading arrestment mechanism and position adjusting mechanism, and gear train, mechanism for testing, loading arrestment mechanism are connected in series successively, and position adjusting mechanism correspondence is located at the side of mechanism for testing;

Described gear train comprises motor, speed reduction unit, and speed reduction unit and motor are separately fixed on pedestal, and motor output shaft is connected with reducer input shaft by the first shaft coupling, and reducer output shaft is provided with the second shaft coupling;

Described mechanism for testing is made up of drive housing portion and shift fork part of detecting; Drive housing portion comprises synchronizer, casing, casing is fixed on pedestal, synchronizer is fixed on the bearing seat that is provided with in casing, and the input shaft of synchronizer is connected with the second described shaft coupling by the 3rd shaft coupling, and the output shaft of synchronizer is provided with the 4th shaft coupling; Be provided with lubricating oil in casing, the corresponding synchronizer in casing top is provided with window, makes the fork pin of gear shift fork from casing window through in the annular slot be connected on synchronizer during use; Shift fork part of detecting comprises declutch shift shaft, operating rod, cylinder, crossbeam for supporting gear shift fork, and declutch shift shaft is fixed on crossbeam bottom by support, makes gear shift fork intert on declutch shift shaft during use; Cylinder is fixed on crossbeam top, the piston rod front end of cylinder is provided with sensor, the other end of sensor is connected with operating rod, the other end of operating rod is provided with gearshift and refers to, holding is in the draw-in groove of gear shift fork to make gearshift refer to during use, drives gear shift fork to move back and forth on declutch shift shaft by the motion of cylinder; Whole shift fork part of detecting is connected as a single entity by crossbeam, and the back side of crossbeam is provided with the threaded hole for being connected with position adjusting mechanism;

Described loading arrestment mechanism comprises detent, and detent is fixed on pedestal, and the input shaft of detent is connected with the 4th described shaft coupling by 5-linked axial organ;

Described position adjusting mechanism is by the Z-direction governor motion arranged with horizontal plane and form with the Y-direction adjustment structure that plane-parallel is arranged, Z-direction governor motion comprises vertical guide plate, two vertical line guide rails and vertical ball-screw, vertical ball-screw is fixed on vertical guide plate central authorities, the upper end of vertical ball-screw is provided with Z-direction control hand wheel, two vertical line guide rails are arranged symmetrically in the both sides of vertical ball-screw, the threaded hole for being connected with Y-direction adjustment structure is provided with bottom vertical guide plate, described crossbeam is made to be connected by the nut of screw and vertical ball-screw and two vertical line guide rails during assembling, thus enable crossbeam realize Z-direction position adjustments along with the rotation of vertical ball-screw moves up and down along vertical guide plate, Y-direction adjustment structure comprises horizontal guide plate, two horizontal linear guide rails and horizontal ball-screw, horizontal ball-screw is fixed on horizontal guide plate central authorities, the rear end of horizontal ball-screw is provided with Y-direction control hand wheel, two horizontal linear guide rails are arranged symmetrically in the both sides of horizontal ball-screw, make during assembling to be connected with horizontal ball-screw and two horizontal linear guide rails by screw bottom vertical guide plate, thus enable vertical guide plate realize Y-direction position adjustments along horizontal guide plate is movable along with the rotation of horizontal ball-screw.

2. gear shift fork fatigue tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described pedestal is provided with T-slot, to facilitate installation and the adjustment of each parts.

3. gear shift fork fatigue tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described motor is variable-frequency motor, to change input speed according to test request when using.

4. gear shift fork fatigue tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described sensor is pressure transducer, displacement transducer, counter, can measure the pulling force of joystick driver shift fork, displacement and gearshift cycle index.

5. gear shift fork fatigue tester according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described support is provided with gap sensor, on described gear shift fork, correspondence is provided with reference block, is measured during test by the fork pin wearing clearance size of gap sensor to gear shift fork.

6. gear shift fork fatigue tester according to claim 1, is characterized in that: be provided with temperature controller in described casing, can carry out Real-Time Monitoring and control to the temperature of lubricating oil in casing when testing, the working environment of real simulation gear shift fork.