CN112919906A - 一种基于3d打印的高性能pzt压电陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种基于3d打印的高性能pzt压电陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN112919906A
CN112919906A CN202110440572.1A CN202110440572A CN112919906A CN 112919906 A CN112919906 A CN 112919906A CN 202110440572 A CN202110440572 A CN 202110440572A CN 112919906 A CN112919906 A CN 112919906A
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piezoelectric ceramic
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方响华
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Suzhou Pant Piezoelectric Tech Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷及其制备方法,所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式为:PbnSrm(MgeNbf)xZryTizO3+a%BaCO3+b%NiC2O4+c%SiO2;其中,m、n、x、y、z、e、f表示相应的摩尔分数,且m+n=1,x+y+z=1,e+f=1;a%、b%、c%表示相应材料所占PbnSrm(MgeNbf)xZryTizO3的质量百分比。本发明所述的一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷及其制备方法,通过在常规PZT压电陶瓷中掺杂Ni2Si、Ba(No3)2,于成品中形成BaCO3、NiC2O4、和SiO2,并且先合成Pb(MgeNbf)O3再加入PZT系统去实现高密度,制备工艺简单,制得的产品各项性能指标性能优异,具有高密度、高功率、高效率、高品质因素、高介电常数、低介电损耗的特点,能够满足人们的使用需求,广泛适用于振荡器、谐振器、滤波器、延迟线、变压器等传感器上。

Description

一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及压电陶瓷材料技术领域,特别涉及一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷及其制备方法。
背景技术
压电陶瓷是一种实现机械能与电能相互转化的功能陶瓷材料,它既具有铁电陶瓷的一般性能,又具有独特的压电性能。压电陶瓷材料由于具有独特的压电性能,优异的机电耦合性能及介电性和弹性性能,且制备工艺简单、体积小、不受电磁干扰、成本低等特点,因此在航天、信息、生物、精密仪器等高新技术领域及工业生产中都得到了广泛应用。
压电陶瓷的应用主要分两个方面:压电振子和换能器。在压电振子应用方面,主要是振荡器、谐振器、滤波器、延迟线、变压器等。压电陶瓷变压器是20世纪50年代开始研制的一种新型压电器件,具有升压比高、重量轻、体积小、驱动电压低、无泄漏电磁场等优点,目前压电变压器已用于电子计算机显示设备、雷达显示器、扫描电子显微镜、静电除尘、离子发生器和压电材料的极化等所需高压设备中。在换能器应用方面,主要是传声器、超声换能器、测量仪器等。
然而,随着各行业的不断发展,对压电陶瓷材料的压电性能和力学性能提出了更高的要求。压电陶瓷材料由于陶瓷材料自身的低断裂韧性,导致性能不稳定,大大降低材料的可靠性,在实际应用中受到了一定限制。对于压电陶瓷的增韧研究上,虽然通过增加第二相可以在一定程度上改善压电陶瓷的断裂韧性,但是与此同时也会降低其压电性能,因此提供一种兼具高压电性能和高力学性能的压电陶瓷材料及其制备方法具有重要的实际意义。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷及其制备方法,可以有效解决背景技术中的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取的技术方案为:
一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷,所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式为:PbnSrm(MgeNbf)xZryTizO3+a%BaCO3+b%NiC2O4+c%SiO2
其中,m、n、x、y、z、e、f表示相应的摩尔分数,且m+n=1,x+y+z=1,e+f=1;
a%、b%、c%表示相应材料所占PbnSrm(MgeNbf)xZryTizO3的质量百分比。
优选的,所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式中,0.301≤e≤0.333,0.667≤f≤0.699。
上述基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤1):以Pb3O4、MgO、Nb2O5为原料,按Pb(MgeNbf)O3的配比混匀,在1000℃-1200℃的温度下保温4-5小时合成Pb(MgeNbf)O3,其中0.301≤e≤0.333,0.667≤f≤0.699;
步骤2):上述步骤中制得的Pb(MgeNbf)O3和Ni2Si、Ba(No3)2、SrCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5为原料,按照PbnSrm(MgeNbf)xZryTizO3+a%BaCO3+b%NiC2O4+c%SiO2的配比进行混合均匀,得到混合物;
步骤3):将步骤2)中所得到的混合物进行放入球磨机中进行球磨,并将球磨后得到的粉状物料过60-80目筛,并对筛选后的物料进行再次研磨,然后预压成块,备用;
步骤4):对上述预压后的块状物料进行煅烧后,再次采用球磨机对其进行研磨,并将研磨后的物料过280-340目筛;
步骤5):在步骤4)中所制得的粉状物料模压成型、脱脂,即得到陶瓷片;
步骤6):将步骤5)中制得的陶瓷片进行极化,得到所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷材料。
优选的,所述步骤3)和步骤4)中,在进行球磨过程时,需要加入助磨剂,所述助磨剂包括但不限于去离子水,所述物料∶球∶助磨剂的质量比为1∶1∶0.3,球磨完成后,均需要烘干物料中的水分;
所述步骤3)中球磨时间为2小时,球磨机转速为800r/min;
所述步骤4)中球磨时间为3小时,球磨机转速为1200r/min。
优选的,所述步骤4)中,对粉状物料进行预压成型的压力为400-600MPa,并且在预压成型后,以5℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至400℃时,保温2小时,再以2℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至600℃,并保温3小时,进行脱脂。
优选的,所述步骤6)中将陶瓷片的极化方法为:对陶瓷片进行涂覆银电极浆料,然后烧银固化,在进行烧银固化后将其至于硅油中,施加2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化,即得所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷。
优选的,所述烧银固化的温度为600-850℃,并保温10-15mim。
优选的,所述硅油的温度为20-30℃,于2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化的时间为30min。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:
本发明通过在常规PZT压电陶瓷中掺杂Ni2Si、Ba(No3)2,于成品中形成BaCO3、NiC2O4、和SiO2,并且先合成Pb(MgeNbf)O3再加入PZT系统去实现高密度,制备工艺简单,制得的产品各项性能指标性能优异,具有高密度、高功率、高效率、高品质因素的特点,能够满足人们需求。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实现的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解,下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。
实施例1
本实施例中,所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式为:Pb0.931Sr0.069(Mg0.301Nb0.669)0.32Zr0.24Ti0.44O3+0.1%BaCO3+0.25%NiC2O4+0.65%SiO2
本发明所述的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法的具体步骤为:
步骤1):以Pb3O4、MgO、Nb2O5为原料,按Pb(MgeNbf)O3的配比混匀,在1000℃-1200℃的温度下保温4-5小时合成Pb(Mg0.301Nb0.669)O3,其中0.301≤e≤0.333,0.667≤f≤0.699;
步骤2):上述步骤中制得的Pb(Mg0.301Nb0.669)O3和Ni2Si、Ba(No3)2、SrCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5为原料,按照化学式:
Pb0.931Sr0.069(Mg0.301Nb0.669)0.32Zr0.24Ti0.44O3+0.1%BaCO3+0.25%NiC2O4+0.65%SiO2的配比进行混合均匀,得到混合物;
步骤3):将步骤2)中所得到的混合物进行放入球磨机中进行球磨,并将球磨后得到的粉状物料过60-80目筛,并对筛选后的物料进行再次研磨,然后预压成块,备用;
步骤4):对上述预压后的块状物料进行煅烧后,再次采用球磨机对其进行研磨,并将研磨后的物料过280-340目筛;
步骤5):在步骤4)中所制得的粉状物料模压成型、脱脂,即得到陶瓷片;
步骤6):将步骤5)中制得的陶瓷片进行极化,得到所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷材料。
所述步骤3)和步骤4)中,在进行球磨过程时,需要加入助磨剂,所述助磨剂包括但不限于去离子水,所述物料∶球∶助磨剂的质量比为1∶1∶0.3,球磨完成后,均需要烘干物料中的水分;
所述步骤3)中球磨时间为2小时,球磨机转速为800r/min;
所述步骤4)中球磨时间为3小时,球磨机转速为1200r/min。
所述步骤4)中,对粉状物料进行预压成型的压力为400-600MPa,并且在预压成型后,以5℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至400℃时,保温2小时,再以2℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至600℃,并保温3小时,进行脱脂。
所述步骤6)中将陶瓷片的极化方法为:对陶瓷片进行涂覆银电极浆料,然后烧银固化,在进行烧银固化后将其至于硅油中,施加2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化,即得所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷。
所述烧银固化的温度为600-850℃,并保温10-15mim。
所述硅油的温度为20-30℃,于2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化的时间为30min。
实施例2
本实施例中,所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式为:Pb0.940Sr0.060(Mg0.312Nb0.688)0.30Zr0.30Ti0.40O3+0.25%BaCO3+0.1%NiC2O4+0.65%SiO2
本发明所述的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法的具体步骤为:
步骤1):以Pb3O4、MgO、Nb2O5为原料,按Pb(Mg0.312Nb0.688)O3的配比混匀,在1000℃-1200℃的温度下保温4-5小时合成Pb(Mg0.312Nb0.688)O3,其中0.301≤e≤0.333,0.667≤f≤0.699;
步骤2):上述步骤中制得的Pb(Mg0.312Nb0.688)O3和Ni2Si、Ba(No3)2、SrCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5为原料,按照化学式:
Pb0.940Sr0.060(Mg0.312Nb0.688)0.30Zr0.30Ti0.40O3+0.25%BaCO3+0.1%NiC2O4+0.65%SiO2的配比进行混合均匀,得到混合物;
步骤3):将步骤2)中所得到的混合物进行放入球磨机中进行球磨,并将球磨后得到的粉状物料过60-80目筛,并对筛选后的物料进行再次研磨,然后预压成块,备用;
步骤4):对上述预压后的块状物料进行煅烧后,再次采用球磨机对其进行研磨,并将研磨后的物料过280-340目筛;
步骤5):在步骤4)中所制得的粉状物料模压成型、脱脂,即得到陶瓷片;
步骤6):将步骤5)中制得的陶瓷片进行极化,得到所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷材料。
所述步骤3)和步骤4)中,在进行球磨过程时,需要加入助磨剂,所述助磨剂包括但不限于去离子水,所述物料∶球∶助磨剂的质量比为1∶1∶0.3,球磨完成后,均需要烘干物料中的水分;
所述步骤3)中球磨时间为2小时,球磨机转速为800r/min;
所述步骤4)中球磨时间为3小时,球磨机转速为1200r/min。
所述步骤4)中,对粉状物料进行预压成型的压力为400-600MPa,并且在预压成型后,以5℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至400℃时,保温2小时,再以2℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至600℃,并保温3小时,进行脱脂。
所述步骤6)中将陶瓷片的极化方法为:对陶瓷片进行涂覆银电极浆料,然后烧银固化,在进行烧银固化后将其至于硅油中,施加2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化,即得所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷。
所述烧银固化的温度为600-850℃,并保温10-15mim。
所述硅油的温度为20-30℃,于2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化的时间为30min。
实施例3
本实施例中,所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式为:Pb0.943Sr0.057(Mg0.321Nb0.679)0.26Zr0.26Ti0.48O3+0.3%BaCO3+0.24%NiC2O4+0.46%SiO2
本发明所述的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法的具体步骤为:
步骤1):以Pb3O4、MgO、Nb2O5为原料,按Pb(Mg0.321Nb0.679)O3的配比混匀,在1000℃-1200℃的温度下保温4-5小时合成Pb(Mg0.321Nb0.679)O3,其中0.301≤e≤0.333,0.667≤f≤0.699;
步骤2):上述步骤中制得的Pb(Mg0.321Nb0.679)O3和Ni2Si、Ba(No3)2、SrCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5为原料,按照化学式:
Pb0.943Sr0.057(Mg0.321Nb0.679)0.26Zr0.26Ti0.48O3+0.3%BaCO3+0.24%NiC2O4+0.46%SiO2的配比进行混合均匀,得到混合物;
步骤3):将步骤2)中所得到的混合物进行放入球磨机中进行球磨,并将球磨后得到的粉状物料过60-80目筛,并对筛选后的物料进行再次研磨,然后预压成块,备用;
步骤4):对上述预压后的块状物料进行煅烧后,再次采用球磨机对其进行研磨,并将研磨后的物料过280-340目筛;
步骤5):在步骤4)中所制得的粉状物料模压成型、脱脂,即得到陶瓷片;
步骤6):将步骤5)中制得的陶瓷片进行极化,得到所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷材料。
所述步骤3)和步骤4)中,在进行球磨过程时,需要加入助磨剂,所述助磨剂包括但不限于去离子水,所述物料∶球∶助磨剂的质量比为1∶1∶0.3,球磨完成后,均需要烘干物料中的水分;
所述步骤3)中球磨时间为2小时,球磨机转速为800r/min;
所述步骤4)中球磨时间为3小时,球磨机转速为1200r/min。
所述步骤4)中,对粉状物料进行预压成型的压力为400-600MPa,并且在预压成型后,以5℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至400℃时,保温2小时,再以2℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至600℃,并保温3小时,进行脱脂。
所述步骤6)中将陶瓷片的极化方法为:对陶瓷片进行涂覆银电极浆料,然后烧银固化,在进行烧银固化后将其至于硅油中,施加2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化,即得所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷。
所述烧银固化的温度为600-850℃,并保温10-15mim。
所述硅油的温度为20-30℃,于2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化的时间为30min。
实施例4
本实施例中,所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式为:Pb0.952Sr0.048(Mg0.333Nb0.667)0.26Zr0.22Ti0.52O3+0.2%BaCO3+0.35%NiC2O4+0.45%SiO2
本发明所述的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法的具体步骤为:
步骤1):以Pb3O4、MgO、Nb2O5为原料,按Pb(Mg0.333Nb0.667)O3的配比混匀,在1000℃-1200℃的温度下保温4-5小时合成Pb(Mg0.333Nb0.667)O3,其中0.301≤e≤0.333,0.667≤f≤0.699;
步骤2):上述步骤中制得的Pb(Mg0.333Nb0.667)O3和Ni2Si、Ba(No3)2、SrCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5为原料,按照化学式;
Pb0.952Sr0.048(Mg0.333Nb0.667)0.26Zr0.22Ti0.52O3+0.2%BaCO3+0.35%NiC2O4+0.45%SiO2的配比进行混合均匀,得到混合物;
步骤3):将步骤2)中所得到的混合物进行放入球磨机中进行球磨,并将球磨后得到的粉状物料过60-80目筛,并对筛选后的物料进行再次研磨,然后预压成块,备用;
步骤4):对上述预压后的块状物料进行煅烧后,再次采用球磨机对其进行研磨,并将研磨后的物料过280-340目筛;
步骤5):在步骤4)中所制得的粉状物料模压成型、脱脂,即得到陶瓷片;
步骤6):将步骤5)中制得的陶瓷片进行极化,得到所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷材料。
所述步骤3)和步骤4)中,在进行球磨过程时,需要加入助磨剂,所述助磨剂包括但不限于去离子水,所述物料∶球∶助磨剂的质量比为1∶1∶0.3,球磨完成后,均需要烘干物料中的水分;
所述步骤3)中球磨时间为2小时,球磨机转速为800r/min;
所述步骤4)中球磨时间为3小时,球磨机转速为1200r/min。
所述步骤4)中,对粉状物料进行预压成型的压力为400-600MPa,并且在预压成型后,以5℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至400℃时,保温2小时,再以2℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至600℃,并保温3小时,进行脱脂。
所述步骤6)中将陶瓷片的极化方法为:对陶瓷片进行涂覆银电极浆料,然后烧银固化,在进行烧银固化后将其至于硅油中,施加2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化,即得所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷。
所述烧银固化的温度为600-850℃,并保温10-15mim。
所述硅油的温度为20-30℃,于2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化的时间为30min。
n m x y z e f a b c
实施例1 0.931 0.069 0.32 0.24 0.44 0.301 0.669 0.1 0.25 0.65
实施例2 0.940 0.060 0.30 0.30 0.40 0.312 0.688 0.25 0.1 0.65
实施例3 0.943 0.057 0.26 0.26 0.48 0.321 0.679 0.3 0.24 0.46
实施例4 0.952 0.048 0.26 0.22 0.52 0.333 0.667 0.2 0.35 0.45
表1:实施例1-4中高性能PZT压电陶瓷化学通式各成分配比性能测试
按照测试标准GB/T 2413-1981对实施例1-4中所制得的高性能PZT压电陶瓷进行密度测试;按照测试标准GB/T 11309-1989对实施例1-4中所制得的高性能PZT压电陶瓷进行压电常数测试;按照测试标准GB/T 11312-1989对实施例1-4中所制得的高性能PZT压电陶瓷进行平面机电耦合系数测试;按照测试标准GB/T 11320-1989对实施例1-4中所制得的高性能PZT压电陶瓷进行机械品质因数测试;按照测试标准GB/T 3389-2008对实施例1-4中所制得的高性能PZT压电陶瓷进行介电常数测试;按照测试标准GB/T 3389-2008对实施例1-4中所制得的高性能PZT压电陶瓷进行密度测试,测试结果如表2所示。
测试项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4
密度(g/cm<sup>3</sup>) 8.30 8.52 8.41 7.35
压电常数d33(pC/N) 402 421 391 415
平面机电耦合系数 0.65 0.67 0.70 0.72
机械品质因数 1300 1320 1330 1325
介电常数 1900 1850 1760 1790
介电损耗 0.003 0.004 0.003 0.005
表2:实施例1-4中制得高性能PZT压电陶瓷的性能测试结果
由表2可以看出的是,本发明所公开的实施例制备的高性能PZT压电陶瓷其密度不小于7.35g/cm3,压电常数不小于391d33(pC/N),平面机电耦合系数不小于0.65,械品质因数不小于1300,介电常数不小于1760,介电损耗不大于0.005,具有高密度、高压电常数、高平面机电耦合系数、高机械品质因数、高介电常数、低介电损耗的特点。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是说明本发明的原理,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。

Claims (8)

1.一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷,其特征在于,所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式为:PbnSrm(MgeNbf)xZryTizO3+a%BaCO3+b%NiC2O4+c%SiO2
其中,m、n、x、y、z、e、f表示相应的摩尔分数,且m+n=1,x+y+z=1,e+f=1;
a%、b%、c%表示相应材料所占PbnSrm(MgeNbf)xZryTizO3的质量百分比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷,其特征在于:所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷的化学通式中,0.301≤e≤0.333,0.667≤f≤0.699。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
步骤1):以Pb3O4、MgO、Nb2O5为原料,按Pb(MgeNbf)O3的配比混匀,在1000℃-1200℃的温度下保温4-5小时合成Pb(MgeNbf)O3,其中0.301≤e≤0.333,0.667≤f≤0.699;
步骤2):上述步骤中制得的Pb(MgeNbf)O3和Ni2Si、Ba(No3)2、SrCO3、TiO2、Nb2O5为原料,按照PbnSrm(MgeNbf)xZryTizO3+a%BaCO3+b%NiC2O4+c%SiO2的配比进行混合均匀,得到混合物;
步骤3):将步骤2)中所得到的混合物进行放入球磨机中进行球磨,并将球磨后得到的粉状物料过60-80目筛,并对筛选后的物料进行再次研磨,然后预压成块,备用;
步骤4):对上述预压后的块状物料进行煅烧后,再次采用球磨机对其进行研磨,并将研磨后的物料过280-340目筛;
步骤5):在步骤4)中所制得的粉状物料模压成型、脱脂,即得到陶瓷片;
步骤6):将步骤5)中制得的陶瓷片进行极化,得到所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3)和步骤4)中,在进行球磨过程时,需要加入助磨剂,所述助磨剂包括但不限于去离子水,所述物料∶球∶助磨剂的质量比为1∶1∶0.3,球磨完成后,均需要烘干物料中的水分;
所述步骤3)中球磨时间为2小时,球磨机转速为800r/min;
所述步骤4)中球磨时间为3小时,球磨机转速为1200r/min。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤4)中,对粉状物料进行预压成型的压力为400-600MPa,并且在预压成型后,以5℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至400℃时,保温2小时,再以2℃/min的升温速率对其进行升温至600℃,并保温3小时,进行脱脂。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤6)中将陶瓷片的极化方法为:对陶瓷片进行涂覆银电极浆料,然后烧银固化,在进行烧银固化后将其至于硅油中,施加2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化,即得所述高性能PZT压电陶瓷。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述烧银固化的温度为600-850℃,并保温10-15mim。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种基于3D打印的高性能PZT压电陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于:所述硅油的温度为20-30℃,于2-3KV/mm的电场进行极化的时间为30min。
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