CN112914703A - 一种新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉,包括带孔锁钉B、带孔锁钉C、带孔锁钉D、髓内钉头钉、主钉和远端锁钉;所述带孔锁钉B、带孔锁钉C、带孔锁钉D、髓内钉头钉和远端锁钉均穿过并锁入在主钉上,且在竖直方向依次由上至下排列,所述带孔锁钉C与所述主钉之间的水平角度在90‑130°范围内均可锁入,所述带孔锁钉B和所述带孔锁钉D分别在所述带孔锁钉C两边与所述带孔锁钉C呈30°角排列,所述髓内钉头钉在竖直方向上与所述主钉的顶端呈130°夹角排列,远端锁钉置在主钉的远端,与所述主钉钉尖呈100°夹角排列。本发明将现有股骨近端髓内钉近端主要通过头钉与主钉的交锁,实现了骨折固定粗隆间骨折合并大粗隆粉碎骨折病例的稳定固定。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及医疗临床领域,具体涉及一种新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉。
背景技术
股骨粗隆间骨折主要累计股骨大小转子之间的区域,约占髋部骨折的50%,主要发生于骨质疏松人群。手术内固定治疗粗隆间骨折是目前的金标准,尤其是髓内钉微创手术固定。大部分股骨粗隆间骨折(AO 31-A2/A3)通常累及大粗隆形成一个或数个骨折块。但目前的内固定装置缺乏对大粗隆的有效固定,术后可发生骨折移位以及臀中肌无力等并发症。现有的大粗隆保护板主要以解剖锁定钢板的方式固定,需要在髓内钉之外额外增加内植物并增大手术创伤,增加出血及手术时间。
胫骨平台骨折是膝关节周围损伤的常见骨折,切开复位内固定是其主要治疗方式。随着对其损伤机制的研究深入,对个性化的内植物的需求日渐凸显。
发明内容
本发明旨在可以微创固定合并大粗隆粉碎骨折的粗隆间骨折并多角度锁定钉交锁固定股骨大粗隆,通过锁定尾端增粗增加骨折压力,钉中钉设计实现多角度固定,结合线缆缝合固定臀中肌止点。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供的具体技术方案如下:
一种新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉,其特征在于,包括带孔锁钉1、髓内钉头钉2、主钉3和远端锁钉4,所述带孔锁钉1具体可为带孔锁钉B11、带孔锁钉C12、带孔锁钉D13,为近端三枚用于固定大粗隆骨折的锁钉;所述带孔锁钉B11、带孔锁钉C12、带孔锁钉D13、髓内钉头钉2和远端锁钉4均穿过并锁入在所述主钉3上,且在竖直方向依次由上至下排列,所述带孔锁钉C12与所述主钉3之间的水平角度在90-130°范围内均可锁入,所述带孔锁钉B11和所述带孔锁钉D13分别在所述带孔锁钉C12两边与所述带孔锁钉C12呈30°角排列,所述髓内钉头钉2在竖直方向上与所述主钉3的顶端呈130°夹角排列,所述远端锁钉4置在所述主钉3的远端,与所述主钉3钉尖呈100°夹角排列。
所述带孔锁钉1的尾部增粗,包括锁钉孔101、辅固孔102、钉尾孔103、助旋凹槽104、凹陷螺纹105和钉尖106;所述钉尾孔103位于所述带孔锁钉1的钉尾位置,所述锁钉孔101孔向与钉体呈30°夹角,所述带孔锁钉1的钉尾位置还两两对称设有四个所述辅固孔102,所述锁钉孔101、辅固孔102和钉尾孔103之间均相通,所述带孔锁钉1的钉尾位置还设有一字状的助旋凹槽104,钉体带有所述凹陷螺纹105。
所述锁钉孔101与钉尾孔103的贯通部分可以置入一枚3.5mm普通锁钉螺钉作为钉中锁钉5,实现钉中钉多角度锁定,从而实现骨折块的稳定。
所述主钉3上设有多个锁钉孔,包括B孔301、C孔302、D孔303、头钉孔304和远端孔305。
本发明为一种固定特殊类型粗隆间骨折的髓内钉,现有股骨近端髓内钉近端主要通过尾钉与主钉的交锁实现骨折固定。对于粗隆间骨折合并大粗隆粉碎骨折病例无法实现对大粗隆的有效固定,因此本设计通过在主钉近端增加三个锁钉实现对大粗隆骨块的有效固定。
附图说明
图1为本发明新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉组合结构示意图之一;
图2为本发明新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉组合结构示意图之二;;
图3为本发明新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉带孔锁钉结构示意图;
图4为本发明新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉带孔锁钉的钉中钉结构示意图;
图5为本发明新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉主钉孔位结构示意图;
图6为本发明新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉在股骨内固定位置示意图;
图中:1、带孔锁钉;101、锁钉孔;102、辅固孔;103、钉尾孔;104、助旋凹槽;105、凹陷螺纹;106、钉尖;11带孔锁钉B;12带孔锁钉C;13带孔锁钉D;2、髓内钉尾钉;3、主钉;301、B孔;302、C孔;303、D孔;304、头钉孔;305、远端孔;4、远端锁钉;5、钉中锁钉。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进行详细的描述,但并不以此作为对本申请保护范围的限定。
一种新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉,其特征在于,包括带孔锁钉1、髓内钉头钉2、主钉3和远端锁钉4,所述带孔锁钉1具体可为带孔锁钉B11、带孔锁钉C12、带孔锁钉D13,为近端三枚用于固定大粗隆骨折的锁钉;所述带孔锁钉B11、带孔锁钉C12、带孔锁钉D13、髓内钉头钉2和远端锁钉4均穿过并锁入在所述主钉3上,且在竖直方向依次由上至下排列,所述带孔锁钉C12与所述主钉3之间的水平角度在90-130°范围内均可锁入,所述带孔锁钉B11和所述带孔锁钉D13分别在所述带孔锁钉C12两边与所述带孔锁钉C12呈30°角排列,所述髓内钉头钉2在竖直方向上与所述主钉3的顶端呈130°夹角排列,所述远端锁钉4置在所述主钉3的远端,与所述主钉3钉尖呈100°夹角排列。
所述带孔锁钉1的尾部增粗,包括锁钉孔101、辅固孔102、钉尾孔103、助旋凹槽104、凹陷螺纹105和钉尖106;所述钉尾孔103位于所述带孔锁钉1的钉尾位置,所述锁钉孔101孔向与钉体呈30°夹角,所述带孔锁钉1的钉尾位置还两两对称设有四个所述辅固孔102,所述锁钉孔101、辅固孔102和钉尾孔103之间均相通,所述带孔锁钉1的钉尾位置还设有一字状的助旋凹槽104,钉体带有所述凹陷螺纹105。
所述锁钉孔101与钉尾孔103的贯通部分可以置入一枚3.5mm普通锁钉螺钉作为钉中锁钉5,实现钉中钉多角度锁定,从而实现骨折块的稳定。
所述主钉3上设有多个锁钉孔,包括B孔301、C孔302、D孔303、头钉孔304和远端孔305。
如图1-图2以及图6所示,主要在传统股骨近段髓内钉近端增加三枚交锁螺钉,并且通过图3所示的钉中钉方式形成股骨近段骨块的多角度锁定,从而实现骨折块的稳定。并且这种固定方式使得大粗隆骨块与主钉连接成为一体,固定牢靠。
主要的设计要求近段三枚螺钉通过向前和向后分开,避开髓内钉尾钉,如图2所示,带孔锁钉B11和带孔锁钉D13通过前后分开的角度设计避开了主钉3。带孔锁钉C12设计为带孔锁钉B11与带孔锁钉D13中间,与主钉角度在90-130度范围内均可锁入。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解,本发明不受上述实施例的限制,上述实施例和说明书中描述的仅为本发明的优选例,并不用来限制本发明,在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下,本发明还会有各种变化和改进,这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (4)
1.一种新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉,其特征在于,包括带孔锁钉(1)、髓内钉头钉(2)、主钉(3)和远端锁钉(4),所述带孔锁钉(1)具体可为带孔锁钉B(11)、带孔锁钉C(12)、带孔锁钉D(13),为近端三枚用于固定大粗隆骨折的锁钉;所述带孔锁钉B(11)、带孔锁钉C(12)、带孔锁钉D(13)、髓内钉头钉(2)和远端锁钉(4)均穿过并锁入在所述主钉(3)上,且在竖直方向依次由上至下排列,所述带孔锁钉C(12)与所述主钉(3)之间的水平角度在90-130°范围内均可锁入,所述带孔锁钉B(11)和所述带孔锁钉D(13)分别在所述带孔锁钉C(12)两边与所述带孔锁钉C(12)呈30°角排列,所述髓内钉头钉(2)在竖直方向上与所述主钉(3)的顶端呈130°夹角排列,所述远端锁钉(4)置在所述主钉(3)的远端,与所述主钉(3)钉尖呈100°夹角排列。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉,其特征在于,所述带孔锁钉(1)的尾部增粗,包括锁钉孔(101)、辅固孔(102)、钉尾孔(103)、助旋凹槽(104)、凹陷螺纹(105)和钉尖(106);所述钉尾孔(103)位于所述带孔锁钉(1)的钉尾位置,所述锁钉孔(101)孔向与钉体呈30°夹角,所述带孔锁钉(1)的钉尾位置还两两对称设有四个所述辅固孔(102),所述锁钉孔(101)、辅固孔(102)和钉尾孔(103)之间均相通,所述带孔锁钉(1)的钉尾位置还设有一字状的助旋凹槽(104),钉体带有所述凹陷螺纹(105)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉,其特征在于,所述锁钉孔(101)与钉尾孔(103)的贯通部分可以置入一枚3.5mm普通锁钉螺钉作为钉中锁钉(5),实现钉中钉多角度锁定,从而实现骨折块的稳定。
4.根据权利要求1所述的新型股骨近端多向锁定髓内钉,其特征在于,所述主钉(3)上设有多个锁钉孔,包括B孔(301)、C孔(302)、D孔(303)、头钉孔(304)和远端孔(305)。
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CN113679462A (zh) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-11-23 | 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 | 一种防切出髓内钉 |
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