CN112910314A - Salt difference power generation device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Salt difference power generation device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112910314A CN112910314A CN202110141689.XA CN202110141689A CN112910314A CN 112910314 A CN112910314 A CN 112910314A CN 202110141689 A CN202110141689 A CN 202110141689A CN 112910314 A CN112910314 A CN 112910314A
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02N3/00—Generators in which thermal or kinetic energy is converted into electrical energy by ionisation of a fluid and removal of the charge therefrom
Abstract
The invention provides a salt difference power generation device and a using method thereof, the salt difference power generation device comprises a container and salt solution filled in the container, the container is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition plate, the first chamber is filled with the first salt solution, the second chamber is filled with the second salt solution, the concentration of the second salt solution is greater than that of the first salt solution, a plurality of through holes are distributed on the partition plate, and any one of a permeable membrane, a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane is arranged on the through holes. The salt-difference power generation device provided by the invention fully combines an osmotic pressure energy method and a reverse electrodialysis method; and generating electric energy by utilizing the concentration difference of the first salt solution in the first cavity and the second salt solution in the second cavity. The device can effectively reduce investment, improve the effect and promote popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power generation, and particularly relates to a salt difference power generation device and a using method thereof.
Background
The salt difference energy is a novel renewable ocean energy and is mainly present at the river inlet. At present, the salt difference energy extraction mainly comprises 3 methods: osmotic pressure energy method, which utilizes osmotic pressure difference between fresh water and salt water as power to drive a water turbine to generate electricity; reverse electrodialysis method, separating concentrated and dilute saline water by anion and cation permeable membrane, and utilizing directional permeation of anion and cation to generate current in the whole solution; the steam pressure energy method uses the steam pressure difference between fresh water and salt water as power to drive a fan to generate electricity. The osmotic pressure energy method and the reverse electrodialysis method have good development prospects.
However, the prior power generation device utilizing the salt difference energy has large investment and low efficiency, and is not beneficial to popularization and application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a salt difference power generation device and a using method thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the power generation device utilizing salt difference energy in the prior art is large in investment, low in efficiency and not beneficial to popularization and use.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
according to a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a salt-difference power generation apparatus, including a container and a salt solution filled in the container, where the container is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition board, the first chamber contains a first salt solution, the second chamber contains a second salt solution, the concentration of the second salt solution is greater than that of the first salt solution, a plurality of through holes are distributed on the partition board, the through holes are provided with any one of a permeable membrane, a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, and at least one of the through holes is provided with a permeable membrane, at least one of the through holes is provided with a cation exchange membrane, and at least one of the through holes is provided with an anion exchange membrane; when the cations, anions and water in the second chamber enter the first chamber, the first salt solution in the first chamber flows into the second chamber from the top of the partition plate.
Further, the first salt solution comprises KC2H3O2And the second salt solution comprises a KBr solution.
Further, the KC2H3O2The concentration of the solution is 0.2-0.5mol/L, and the concentration of the KBr solution is 0.4-0.6 mol/L.
Further, the KC2H3O2The concentration of the solution is 0.34mol/L, and the concentration of the KBr solution is 0.56 mol/L.
Further, the first salt solution and/or the second salt solution comprises NaC2H3O2Solution, KI solution, KNO3Any one or a combination of two or more of the solutions.
Further, the first salt solution and/or the second salt solution comprise NaCl solution and BaCl solution2Any one or a combination of two or more of the solutions.
Further, when the cations of the first salt solution and the second salt solution are the same, the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution is higher than that of the second salt solution, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution is lower than that of the second salt solution; the permeability of the anions in the first salt solution through the anion exchange membrane is higher than the permeability of the anions in the second salt solution through the anion exchange membrane;
the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution is higher than that of the second salt solution, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution is lower than that of the second salt solution; the cation in the first salt solution permeates the cation exchange membrane at a higher rate than the cation in the second salt solution permeates the cation exchange membrane.
Further, when the cations of the first salt solution and the second salt solution are the same, the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution is lower than that of the second salt solution, and the concentration of the substance in the first salt solution is higher than that in the second salt solution; the permeability of the anion in the first salt solution through the anion exchange membrane is lower than the permeability of the anion in the second salt solution through the anion exchange membrane;
the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution is lower than that of the second salt solution, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution is higher than that of the second salt solution; the cation in the first salt solution permeates the cation exchange membrane at a lower rate than the cation in the second salt solution permeates the cation exchange membrane.
Furthermore, a power generation device is arranged at the top of the partition plate, and the power generation device generates power by using salt difference.
According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for using a salt-difference power generation device, including the steps of:
selecting a container, a partition plate, a permeable membrane, a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane, a first salt solution and a second salt solution for later use;
step two, a plurality of through holes are formed in the partition board, and a permeable membrane, a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane are respectively arranged at the through holes for standby;
and step three, the container is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by using a partition plate, a first salt solution is contained in the first chamber, a second salt solution is contained in the second chamber, and a power generation device is arranged at the top of the partition plate.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a power generation apparatus comprising the salt-difference power generation apparatus.
The embodiment of the invention has the following advantages: the embodiment of the invention provides a salt difference power generation device which comprises a permeable membrane, a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, wherein electricity is generated by mixing concentrated brine and dilute brine, and the anion exchange membrane and the cation exchange membrane which are alternately arranged on a partition plate form an independent concentrated water chamber and a fresh water chamber. Salinity difference promotes the inside migration of anion and cation, forms the internal current, converts external current in power generation facility, and the concentration difference of make full use of first salt solution in the first cavity and second salt solution in the second cavity produces the electric energy. The device can effectively reduce investment, improve the effect and promote popularization and use.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a salt-difference power generation apparatus provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
description of reference numerals: 1-a container; 2-a separator; 3-a first salt solution; 4-a second saline solution; 5-a permeable membrane; 6-cation exchange membrane; 7-an anion exchange membrane; 8-a power generation device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, this embodiment provides a salt-difference power generation apparatus, including a container 1 and a salt solution filled in the container 1, where the container 1 is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by a partition plate 2, the first chamber contains a first salt solution 3, the second chamber contains a second salt solution 4, the concentration of the second salt solution 4 is greater than the concentration of the first salt solution 3, a plurality of through holes are distributed on the partition plate 2, and there is any one of a permeable membrane 5, a cation exchange membrane 6 and an anion exchange membrane 7 on the through holes, and there is a permeable membrane 5 on at least one through hole, there is a cation exchange membrane 6 on at least one through hole, and there is an anion exchange membrane 7 on at least one through hole; when the cations, anions and water in the second chamber enter the first chamber, the first salt solution 3 in the first chamber flows into the second chamber from the top of the partition board 2.
Preferably, the first salt solution 3 comprises KC2H3O2Solution, NaC2H3O2Solution, KI solution, KNO3Solution, NaCl solution, BaCl2Any one or a combination of two or more of the solutions, but not limited thereto. The second salt solution 4 comprises KBr solution and NaC2H3O2Solution, KI solution, KNO3Solution, NaCl solution, BaCl2Any one or a combination of two or more of the solutions, but not limited thereto.
Preferably, when the cations of the first salt solution 3 and the second salt solution 4 are the same, the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution 3 is higher than that of the second salt solution 4, and the concentration of the substance in the first salt solution 3 is lower than that of the second salt solution 4; the permeability of the first salt solution 3 for anions to permeate through the anion exchange membrane 7 is higher than the permeability of the second salt solution 4 for anions to permeate through the anion exchange membrane 7; for example, the first salt solution is KC2H3O2The solution, the second saline solution is KBr solution.
The osmotic pressure of the first salt solution 3 is higher than that of the second salt solution 4, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution 3 is lower than that of the second salt solution 4; the permeability of the cation of the first salt solution 3 through the cation exchange membrane 6 is higher than the permeability of the cation of the second salt solution 4 through the cation exchange membrane 6.
Preferably, when the cations of the first salt solution 3 and the second salt solution 4 are the same, the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution 3 is lower than that of the second salt solution 4, and the concentration of the substance in the first salt solution 3 is higher than that of the second salt solution 4; first salt solutionThe permeability of the anions in the step 3 to the anion exchange membrane 7 is lower than the permeability of the anions in the step 4 to the anion exchange membrane 7; for example: the first salt solution is MgCl2The second salt solution is BaCl2And (3) solution.
The osmotic pressure of the first salt solution 3 is lower than that of the second salt solution 4, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution 3 is higher than that of the second salt solution 4; the permeability of the cation exchange membrane 6 for the cations in the first salt solution 3 is lower than the permeability of the cation exchange membrane 6 for the cations in the second salt solution 4.
Preferably, the top of the partition board 2 is provided with a power generation device 8, and the power generation device 8 can be selected from a hydroelectric generator, but is not limited thereto.
Example 2
On the basis of the technical scheme of the embodiment 1, the first salt solution 3 is KC with the concentration of 0.2-0.5mol/L2H3O2The second salt solution 4 is a KBr solution with the concentration of 0.4-0.6 mol/L. Wherein, when KC2H3O2The solution concentration is 0.34mol/L, and the KBr solution concentration is 0.56mol/L, the effect is better.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a use method of a salt-difference power generation device, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a container 1, a partition plate 2, a permeable membrane 5, a cation exchange membrane 6, an anion exchange membrane 7, a first salt solution 3 and a second salt solution 4 for later use;
step two, a plurality of through holes are formed in the partition board 2, and a permeable membrane 5, a cation exchange membrane 6 and an anion exchange membrane 7 are respectively arranged at the through holes for standby;
and step three, the container 1 is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by using the partition plate 2, the first salt solution 3 is contained in the first chamber, the second salt solution 4 is contained in the second chamber, and the top of the partition plate 2 is provided with a power generation device 8.
The principle of the salt difference power generation device provided by the invention is as follows: when the cations of the first salt solution 3 and the second salt solution 4 are the same, the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution 3 is higher than that of the second salt solution 4, and the concentration of the substance of the first salt solution 3 is lower than that of the second salt solution 4; the permeability of the first salt solution 3 for anions to permeate through the anion exchange membrane 7 is higher than the permeability of the second salt solution 4 for anions to permeate through the anion exchange membrane 7; the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution 3 is higher than that of the second salt solution 4, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution 3 is lower than that of the second salt solution 4; the permeability of the cation of the first salt solution 3 through the cation exchange membrane 6 is higher than the permeability of the cation of the second salt solution 4 through the cation exchange membrane 6.
When the cations of the first salt solution 3 and the second salt solution 4 are the same, the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution 3 is lower than that of the second salt solution 4, and the concentration of the substance of the first salt solution 3 is higher than that of the second salt solution 4; the permeability of the first salt solution 3 for anions to permeate through the anion exchange membrane 7 is lower than the permeability of the second salt solution 4 for anions to permeate through the anion exchange membrane 7; the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution 3 is lower than that of the second salt solution 4, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution 3 is higher than that of the second salt solution 4; the permeability of the cation exchange membrane 6 for the cations in the first salt solution 3 is lower than the permeability of the cation exchange membrane 6 for the cations in the second salt solution 4.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A salt tolerance power generation device is characterized in that: the salt solution separation device comprises a container and a salt solution filled in the container, wherein the container is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by a partition plate, the first salt solution is contained in the first cavity, the second salt solution is contained in the second cavity, the concentration of the second salt solution is greater than that of the first salt solution, a plurality of through holes are distributed in the partition plate, any one of a permeable membrane, a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane is arranged on each through hole, the permeable membrane is arranged on at least one through hole, the cation exchange membrane is arranged on at least one through hole, and the anion exchange membrane is arranged on at least one through hole; when the cations, anions and water in the second chamber enter the first chamber, the first salt solution in the first chamber flows into the second chamber from the top of the partition plate.
2. The salt brine differential power generation device of claim 1, wherein: the first salt solution comprises KC2H3O2And the second salt solution comprises a KBr solution.
3. The salt brine differential power generation device of claim 2, wherein: the KC2H3O2The concentration of the solution is 0.2-0.5mol/L, and the concentration of the KBr solution is 0.4-0.6 mol/L.
4. The salt-difference power generation device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the KC2H3O2The concentration of the solution is 0.34mol/L, and the concentration of the KBr solution is 0.56 mol/L.
5. The salt brine differential power generation device of claim 1, wherein: the first salt solution and/or the second salt solution comprises NaC2H3O2Solution, KI solution, KNO3Any one or a combination of two or more of the solutions.
6. The salt brine differential power generation device of claim 1, wherein: the first salt solution and/or the second salt solution comprise NaCl solution and BaCl2Any one or a combination of two or more of the solutions.
7. The salt brine differential power generation device of claim 1, wherein: when the cations of the first salt solution and the second salt solution are the same, the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution is higher than that of the second salt solution, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution is lower than that of the second salt solution; the permeability of the anions in the first salt solution through the anion exchange membrane is higher than the permeability of the anions in the second salt solution through the anion exchange membrane;
the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution is higher than that of the second salt solution, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution is lower than that of the second salt solution; the cation in the first salt solution permeates the cation exchange membrane at a higher rate than the cation in the second salt solution permeates the cation exchange membrane.
8. The salt brine differential power generation device of claim 1, wherein: when the cations of the first salt solution and the second salt solution are the same, the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution is lower than that of the second salt solution, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution is higher than that of the second salt solution; the permeability of the anion in the first salt solution through the anion exchange membrane is lower than the permeability of the anion in the second salt solution through the anion exchange membrane;
the osmotic pressure of the first salt solution is lower than that of the second salt solution, and the mass concentration of the first salt solution is higher than that of the second salt solution; the cation in the first salt solution permeates the cation exchange membrane at a lower rate than the cation in the second salt solution permeates the cation exchange membrane.
9. A method of using a salt-difference power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
selecting a container, a partition plate, a permeable membrane, a cation exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane, a first salt solution and a second salt solution for later use;
step two, a plurality of through holes are formed in the partition board, and a permeable membrane, a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane are respectively arranged at the through holes for standby;
and step three, the container is divided into a first chamber and a second chamber by using a partition plate, a first salt solution is contained in the first chamber, a second salt solution is contained in the second chamber, and a power generation device is arranged at the top of the partition plate.
10. A power generation device, characterized by: a salt-difference power generation device comprising any one of claims 1-8.
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Application publication date: 20210604 |