CN105048870A - Method for power generation by employing medium-low-temperature waste heat generated in industrial production via reverse electrodialysis device - Google Patents
Method for power generation by employing medium-low-temperature waste heat generated in industrial production via reverse electrodialysis device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for power generation by employing medium-low-temperature waste heat in the industrial production via a reverse electrodialysis device. According to the method, heating concentration of reverse electrodialysis waste liquid with low salt concentration is realized by employing medium-low-temperature waste heat fluid generated in the industrial production via a heat exchange device, and then power generation is performed via an electrodialysis device; and anion-exchange membranes or cation-exchange membranes are separated in an alternate manner are employed by a solution cavity, separating meshes are arranged between the exchange membranes so as to enhance mass transfer, a concentrated solution and fresh water enter the reverse electrodialysis device for generation via corresponding inlets, and the reverse electrodialysis waste liquid generated by power generation is circulated to the heat exchange device for evaporation concentration. According to the method, power generation by employing medium-low-temperature waste heat which is difficult to be employed in the industrial production is realized; according to salt solution components, the selective permeability between the exchange membranes is high, the conversion efficiency is high, and when the current density is 5 A/m<2>, the conversion efficiency is more than 95%; the generated current is stable, and high voltage can be obtained via serial connection; and liquid is recycled in the process, the pollutant emission is prevented, the process is simple, and industrialization is easily realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method utilizing industrial waste heat to generate electricity, belong to energy-conserving and environment-protective field.Particularly relate to a kind of method utilizing embrane method industrial waste heat to be converted into electric energy.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of Chinese national economy, industrial further expansion, energy crisis has become one of major issue of restriction industrial development.In raising efficiency of energy utilization, each state has all made various effort, and achieves significant achievement.But, in the industry such as metallurgy, chemical industry, still have a lot of middle low-temperature waste heat to be difficult to be utilized effectively every year, take away a large amount of heat more particularly when cryogenic gas or fluid discharge, cause the waste that the energy is serious.
Anti-electrodialysis generation technology is the technology that the difference of the chemical energy utilized between dense salting liquid and weak solution generates electricity, the features such as this technology has environmental friendliness, and structure is simple.Present stage, the research of anti-electrodialysis generation technology mainly concentrates on and utilizes the salt error between coastal rivers and seawater to generate electricity, but this technology has no report in low-temperature waste heat generating in utilization.
The present invention mainly utilizes industrial waste heat to concentrate the lower anti-electrodialysis waste liquid of salt concentration, after concentrated concentrated solution and fresh water are generated electricity by anti-electrodialysis plant, the waste liquid of discharging enters heat-exchange device and continues concentrated, and this salting liquid can be recycled, and does not produce pollution to environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in the method for low-temperature waste heat, the used heat produced in industrial processes can be used for generating by the method.Have energy recovery rate high, structure is simple, the features such as environmental friendliness.
To achieve these goals, technical scheme of the present invention have employed a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in low-temperature waste heat generating method, specific embodiments is as follows:
By heat-exchanger rig utilize produce in industrial production in the low-temperature waste heat fluid anti-electrodialysis waste liquid lower to salt concentration carry out heating and concentrate, after concentrated, produce the concentrated solution that concentration is 0.1-5mol/L and fresh water pass into anti-electrodialysis plant and generate electricity, anti-electrodialysis plant comprises two electrodes, two electrode solution chambers and multiple concentrated solution chamber and weak solution chamber; Solution chamber employing anion or cation-exchange membrane interlock and separate, filter mass transfer enhancement is placed between exchange membrane, concentrated solution and fresh water enter anti-electrodialysis plant with the flow velocity of 0.1-3L/min from concentrated solution entrance and fresh water entrance and generate electricity, and the anti-electrodialysis waste liquid circulation that generating produces carries out evaporation and concentration to heat-exchanger rig.
Described heat exchanger is board-like or pipe heat exchanger.
Described middle low-temperature waste heat fluid is gas in industrial production or liquid, and temperature is 60 DEG C-300 DEG C.
The composition of described anti-electrodialysis waste liquid is the soluble ion compound containing one or more metal ions such as sodium chloride, sodium nitrate or potassium chloride, and concentration of salt solution is 0.1-0.9mol/L.
Described fresh water is the salting liquid that running water or extremely low concentration contain one or more metal ions, and the aqueous solution of the soluble ion compounds such as such as sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, potassium chloride, its salinity is 0.001-0.1mol/L.
Described strong solution concentration is 0.4-2mol/L.
Described two electrodes are respectively negative electrode and anode, and negative electrode is stainless steel, and anode is Titanium, graphite.
Described electrode solution main component is the salting liquid containing one or more variable valency metal ionses, and comprise manganese salt, molysite, nickel salt, cobalt salt, its concentration is 0.01-1mol/L.
Described anions and canons exchange membrane thickness is 0.05-0.1mm, and filter is the trapezoidal or brilliant filter of tradition.
During the method that the present invention adopts anti-electrodialysis to generate electricity utilizes, low-temperature waste heat generating, is used for generating by the used heat being difficult to utilize in industrial production.The present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention is to the strong adaptability of thermal source, and various heating sources can be adopted to carry out heat exchange.
2, the salting liquid component of the present invention's employing selective penetrated property between exchange membrane is strong, and the transformation efficiency between salt error energy and electric energy is high, is 5A/m in current density
2time, transformation efficiency is more than 95%.The current stabilization produced, obtains higher voltage by series connection, meets application demand.
3, in present invention process, feed liquid recycles, non-pollutant discharge, and without the need to main equipment, technique is simple, be easy to realize industrialization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is anti-electrodialysis plant schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure, 1: negative electrode 2: anode 3: external circuit
C: cation-exchange membrane A: anion-exchange membrane
Fig. 2 is anti-electrodialysis flow direction schematic diagram of the present invention.In figure, solid line is that concentrated solution flows to, and dotted line is that weak solution flows to.
Embodiment
Be intended to further illustrate the present invention below in conjunction with case study on implementation, and unrestricted the present invention.
The middle low-temperature waste heat fluid produced in industrial production is after heat exchanger and rare salting liquid heat exchange, and rare salting liquid evaporation and concentration becomes concentrated solution.Concentrated solution and running water enter concentrated solution chamber and the fresh water chamber of anti-electrodialysis plant respectively.Under the promotion of concentration gradient, the ion selectivity in concentrated solution, by anion-exchange membrane and cation-exchange membrane, causes the orientation of ion between solution to shift.Between solution, the orientation transfer of ion makes electrode both sides produce electrical potential difference, causes the generation of external current.Without chemical reaction in anti-electrodialytic process, for keeping the electronic equilibrium in solution, add electrode solution.Electrode solution is in the circulation of negative and positive two interpolar, and variable valency metal ions generation electrochemical reaction, keeps the balance of electronics in solution.The weak solution produced in anti-electrodialytic process is got back in heat exchanger and is continued to concentrate, and recycles.
Embodiment 1: anti-electrodialysis experiment salting liquid is NaCl solution, and strong solution concentration is 0.4mol/L, and the total chamber of anti-electrodialysis plant is 30, molysite total concentration 0.08mol/L in electrode solution, and ion-exchange film thickness is 0.08mm.Adopt peristaltic pump coutroi velocity, concentrated solution and 0.02mol/LNaCl solution enter chamber in a counter-current configuration, and flow velocity is 300ml/min.Negative electrode is stainless steel, and anode is Titanium.Output current density is 4.8A/m
2, energy density is 1.2W/m
2, output voltage is 0.4V, and the weak brine concentration of discharging after generating is 0.27mol/L.
Embodiment 2: anti-electrodialysis experiment salting liquid is NaCl solution, and strong solution concentration is 0.8mol/L, and the total chamber of anti-electrodialysis plant is 40, manganese salt total concentration 0.11mol/L in electrode solution, ion-exchange film thickness is 0.09mm.Adopt peristaltic pump coutroi velocity, concentrated solution and running water enter chamber in a counter-current configuration, and flow velocity is 300ml/min.Negative electrode is stainless steel, and anode is graphite.Output current density is 5A/m
2, energy density is 1.5W/m
2, output voltage is 0.45V, and the weak brine concentration of discharging after generating is 0.52mol/L.
Embodiment 3: anti-electrodialysis experiment salting liquid is KCl solution, and strong solution concentration is 0.4mol/L, and the total chamber of anti-electrodialysis plant is 30, molysite total concentration 0.10mol/L in electrode solution, and ion-exchange film thickness is 0.08mm.Adopt peristaltic pump coutroi velocity, concentrated solution and running water enter chamber in a counter-current configuration, and flow velocity is 200ml/min.Negative electrode is stainless steel, and anode is Titanium.Output current density is 4.3A/m
2, energy density is 1.6W/m
2, output voltage is 0.35V, and the weak brine concentration of discharging after generating is 0.24mol/L.
Embodiment 4: anti-electrodialysis experiment salting liquid is n
(KCl): n
(NaCl)the mixed solution of=1:1, strong solution concentration is always 1.0mol/L, and the total chamber of anti-electrodialysis plant is 50, cobalt salt total concentration 0.1mol/L in electrode solution, and ion-exchange film thickness is 0.09mm.Adopt peristaltic pump coutroi velocity, concentrated solution and running water enter chamber in a counter-current configuration, and flow velocity is 400ml/min.Negative electrode is stainless steel, and anode is graphite.Output current density is 5.2A/m
2, energy density is 1.5W/m
2, output voltage is 0.5V, and the weak brine concentration of discharging after generating is 0.56mol/L.
Claims (9)
1. one kind by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in low-temperature waste heat generating method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps: by heat-exchanger rig utilize produce in industrial production in the low-temperature waste heat fluid anti-electrodialysis waste liquid lower to salt concentration carry out heating and concentrate, after concentrated, produce the concentrated solution that concentration is 0.1-5mol/L and fresh water pass into anti-electrodialysis plant and generate electricity, anti-electrodialysis plant comprises two electrodes, two electrode solution chambers and multiple concentrated solution chamber and weak solution chamber; Solution chamber employing anion or cation-exchange membrane interlock and separate, filter mass transfer enhancement is placed between exchange membrane, concentrated solution and fresh water enter anti-electrodialysis plant with the flow velocity of 0.1-3L/h from concentrated solution entrance and fresh water entrance and generate electricity, and the anti-electrodialysis waste liquid circulation that generating produces carries out evaporation and concentration to heat-exchanger rig.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in low-temperature waste heat generating method, it is characterized in that: described heat exchanger is board-like or pipe heat exchanger.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in the method for low-temperature waste heat generating, it is characterized in that: described middle low-temperature waste heat fluid is gas in industrial production or liquid, and temperature is 60 DEG C-300 DEG C.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in low-temperature waste heat generating method, it is characterized in that: the composition of described anti-electrodialysis waste liquid is the soluble ion compound containing one or more metal ions such as sodium chloride, sodium nitrate or potassium chloride, and concentration of salt solution is 0.1-0.9mol/L.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in low-temperature waste heat generating method, it is characterized in that: described fresh water is the salting liquid that running water or extremely low concentration contain one or more metal ions, and salting liquid is the aqueous solution of sodium chloride, sodium nitrate or potassium chloride soluble ion compound.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in low-temperature waste heat generating method, it is characterized in that: described strong solution concentration is 0.4-2.0mol/L.
7. according to claim 1 a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in low-temperature waste heat generating method, it is characterized in that: described two electrodes are respectively negative electrode and anode, negative electrode is stainless steel, and anode is Titanium, graphite.
8. according to claim 1 a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in low-temperature waste heat generating method, it is characterized in that: described electrode solution composition is the salting liquid containing one or more variable valency metal ionses, and described salting liquid is the aqueous solution of manganese salt, molysite, nickel salt or cobalt salt.
9. according to claim 1 a kind of by anti-electrodialysis plant utilize produce in industrial production in the method for low-temperature waste heat generating, it is characterized in that: described anions and canons exchange membrane thickness is 0.05-0.1mm, filter be traditional trapezoidal or brilliant filter.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN106992716A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-28 | 长沙理工大学 | Anti- electrodialysis heat generating device and method |
| US10938329B2 (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2021-03-02 | University Of Notre Dame Du Lac | Electricity generation from low grade waste heat |
| US11502322B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
| US11502323B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
| US11855324B1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-12-26 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell with heat pump |
| US12040517B2 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2024-07-16 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell and methods of use thereof |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106992716A (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2017-07-28 | 长沙理工大学 | Anti- electrodialysis heat generating device and method |
| CN106992716B (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2024-01-19 | 长沙理工大学 | Reverse electrodialysis heat energy power generation device and method |
| US10938329B2 (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2021-03-02 | University Of Notre Dame Du Lac | Electricity generation from low grade waste heat |
| US11502322B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
| US11502323B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-11-15 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
| US11563229B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-01-24 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
| US11611099B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-03-21 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
| US11699803B1 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-07-11 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell with heat pump |
| US12107308B2 (en) | 2022-05-09 | 2024-10-01 | Rahul S Nana | Reverse electrodialysis cell and methods of use thereof |
| US11855324B1 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2023-12-26 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell with heat pump |
| US12040517B2 (en) | 2022-11-15 | 2024-07-16 | Rahul S. Nana | Reverse electrodialysis or pressure-retarded osmosis cell and methods of use thereof |
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