CN112909458B - W-waveband E-plane waveguide filter - Google Patents
W-waveband E-plane waveguide filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112909458B CN112909458B CN202110177838.8A CN202110177838A CN112909458B CN 112909458 B CN112909458 B CN 112909458B CN 202110177838 A CN202110177838 A CN 202110177838A CN 112909458 B CN112909458 B CN 112909458B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of filters, in particular to a W-band E-plane waveguide filter, which comprises a lower box body and an upper box body, wherein the upper part of the lower box body is connected with the lower part of the upper box body, a groove is formed in the upper surface of the lower box body, a dielectric substrate is arranged in the groove, a metal foil layer is arranged on the upper part of the dielectric substrate, a lower grounding layer is arranged on the lower part of the dielectric substrate, a first resonance unit, an upper grounding layer and a second resonance unit are arranged on the metal foil layer, the first resonance unit is respectively symmetrical along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction relative to the center of the groove, and the second resonance unit is respectively symmetrical along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction relative to the center of the groove. The invention has simple structure, flexible design, excellent performance and good design freedom, can achieve the design purpose by reasonably adjusting the size of each parameter according to the requirements of different applications, can be widely applied to various fields of W-band communication systems, and can meet the requirements of modern satellite communication.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of filters, in particular to a W-band E-plane waveguide filter.
Background
With the rapid development of 5G/6G wireless communication technology in recent years, millimeter wave communication is widely applied and developed. Generally, the millimeter waves studied mainly include electromagnetic waves with wavelengths of 3mm, 6mm and 8mm, wherein the electromagnetic waves with wavelengths of 3mm and 8mm correspond to the W band and Ka band in the microwave frequency domain division, respectively; meanwhile, the electromagnetic waves in the W band and the Ka band are called as atmospheric windows because the attenuation in the atmosphere is small. The W-band electromagnetic wave, one of the atmospheric windows, has been highly valued and widely applied and studied by researchers because of its short wavelength, wide frequency band and abundant spectrum resources. The filter plays an important role as a frequency selecting device in communication system applications, and its main function is to select and filter signal frequencies, even if the desired signal frequency is effectively transmitted in the channel, while the undesired signal frequency is effectively attenuated or suppressed in the channel, so as to avoid causing interference to the desired signal frequency. Waveguide filters are widely used in the design of W-band filters because of their high Q-value, low loss, and large power capacity. However, the conventional W-band waveguide filter is designed by using a metal cavity; meanwhile, in order to improve the selection characteristic of the waveguide filter, a designer designs the waveguide filter by adopting cross coupling between the cavities. Although the cross coupling technology between the cavities improves the selectivity of the waveguide filter, the volume of the waveguide filter is increased, and the processing difficulty and the processing cost are increased.
In order to overcome the defects of large volume, high processing cost, heavy weight and the like of the traditional waveguide filter, in 1974, Konishi firstly proposes a novel waveguide filter implementation structure, namely an E-surface waveguide filter, wherein a metal sheet containing a plurality of inductive metal strips is inserted into a waveguide symmetrical surface (E surface), and the width and the interval of each metal strip on the metal sheet are obtained through theoretical analysis. The E-plane waveguide filter has been widely used due to its superior performance of low loss, high Q value, low cost, convenient processing and suitability for mass production. However, nowadays, emerging W-band communication systems continuously present more challenges and more demanding requirements on factors such as performance, size, cost, etc. of W-band filters, but the conventional E-plane metal patch waveguide filter has the disadvantages of large volume, poor selectivity, high processing cost and large processing difficulty, and cannot completely meet the requirements of modern satellite communication.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a W-band E-plane waveguide filter which can meet the requirements of modern satellite communication.
The invention relates to a W-band E-plane waveguide filter, which comprises a lower box body and an upper box body, wherein the upper part of the lower box body is connected with the lower part of the upper box body, the upper surface of the lower box body is provided with a groove, a dielectric substrate is arranged in the groove, the upper part of the dielectric substrate is provided with a metal foil layer, the lower part of the dielectric substrate is provided with a lower grounding layer, the metal foil layer is provided with a first resonance unit, an upper grounding layer and a second resonance unit, the first resonance unit is respectively symmetrical along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction relative to the center of the groove, and the second resonance unit is respectively symmetrical along the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction relative to the center of the groove.
Furthermore, first resonance unit have three horizontal crossband and three fore-and-aft indulge the strip, three crossband is first crossband, second crossband and third crossband respectively, three indulges the strip and indulges the strip for first indulging, second and third respectively, first indulges the strip and be connected with the both ends of second crossband respectively with the second, first crossband and third crossband are connected with the both ends that the strip was indulged to the second respectively, the perpendicular cross connection of strip is indulged with the second to the second crossband.
Further, the upper ground layer has a first upper ground layer and a second upper ground layer in the transverse direction, and the first resonant unit and the second resonant unit are located between the first upper ground layer and the second upper ground layer.
Further, the second resonance unit have first foil and second foil, first resonance unit is located between first foil and the second foil, first foil and second foil are the C shape foil that the opening is relative respectively, the C shape foil has the vertical foil of second, first horizontal foil, first vertical foil, the horizontal foil of second and the vertical foil of third that connect gradually.
Furthermore, the lower grounding layer is provided with a first lower grounding layer and a second lower grounding layer which are transverse, and the first lower grounding layer and the second lower grounding layer are respectively positioned at two sides in the groove.
Further, the groove has a first groove and a second groove.
Furthermore, the upper surface of the lower box body is provided with a lower cavity, the lower surface of the upper box body is correspondingly provided with an upper cavity, and the lower cavity is communicated with the groove.
Furthermore, a plurality of connecting holes are respectively formed in the lower box body and the upper box body, and connecting pieces are correspondingly arranged in the connecting holes.
Furthermore, a first pin hole, a second pin hole and a first hollow hole are respectively formed in the lower box body, and a third pin hole, a fourth pin hole and a second hollow hole are respectively formed in the upper box body.
The invention has the advantages of simple structure, flexible design, excellent performance and good design freedom, can achieve the design purpose by reasonably adjusting the size of each parameter according to the requirements of different applications, can be widely applied to various fields of W-band communication systems, and can meet the requirements of modern satellite communication.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the metal foil layer and the dielectric substrate of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a lower ground layer and a dielectric substrate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lower case structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an upper case of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper case and the lower case of the present invention after being combined;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the transmission coefficient (S21) of the first foil strip and the second foil strip at different lengths according to the present invention after the first resonance unit is removed, as a function of Frequency (Frequency);
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the transmission coefficient (S21) of the first and third bars at different lengths according to the present invention after the second resonance unit is removed;
FIG. 9 is a graph of transmission coefficient (S21) versus Frequency (Frequency) for first and third bars of the present invention at different lengths;
FIG. 10 is a graph of the transmission coefficient (S21) as a function of Frequency (Frequency) for first and second foil strips of the present invention at different lengths;
FIG. 11 is the final simulation result of the invention using HFSS electromagnetic simulation software.
In the figure, 1, a metal foil layer 2, a dielectric substrate 3, a lower ground layer 4, a lower box body 5, an upper box body 7, a first resonance unit 8, an upper ground layer 9 and a second resonance unit.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-6, a W-band E-plane waveguide filter includes a lower case 4 and an upper case 5, the upper portion of the lower case 4 is connected to the lower portion of the upper case 5, a groove is formed in the upper surface of the lower case 4, a dielectric substrate 2 is disposed in the groove, a metal foil layer 1 is disposed on the upper portion of the dielectric substrate 2, a lower ground layer 3 is disposed on the lower portion of the dielectric substrate 2, the metal foil layer 1 has a first resonant unit 7, an upper ground layer 8 and a second resonant unit 9, the lower ground layer 3 is connected to the upper ground layer 8 through the lower case 4, the first resonant unit 7 is laterally and longitudinally symmetric with respect to the center of the groove, and the second resonant unit 9 is laterally and longitudinally symmetric with respect to the center of the groove. The dielectric substrate 2 may be a Rogers5880 substrate having a thickness of 0.127 mm. The dielectric substrate 2 on which the first resonance unit 7 and the second resonance unit 9 are printed is disposed in the lower case 4 and the upper case 5, and the volume of the filter can be reduced. The lower box body 4 and the upper box body 5 provided with the second resonance unit 9 constitute a metal shielding box of the waveguide filter, and function as a high-pass filter. The design method has the advantages of simple structure, flexible design, excellent performance and good design freedom, can achieve the design purpose by reasonably adjusting the size of each parameter according to different application requirements, and can be widely applied to various fields of W-band communication systems. The lower box body 4 and the upper box body 5 can be made of copper, and the surfaces of the lower box body and the upper box body are plated with gold.
The center of the structure of the invention is taken as an origin, the short side of the dielectric substrate 2 is taken as an x axis, namely, a longitudinal direction, and the long side is taken as a y axis, namely, a transverse direction, and the z axis is determined according to a right-hand rule to establish a three-dimensional coordinate system.
The first resonance unit 7 has three transverse horizontal bars and three longitudinal vertical bars, the three horizontal bars are respectively a first horizontal bar 73, a second horizontal bar 75 and a third horizontal bar 74, the three vertical bars are respectively a first vertical bar 72, a second vertical bar 76 and a third vertical bar 71, the first vertical bar 72 and the third vertical bar 71 are respectively connected with two ends of the second horizontal bar 75, the first horizontal bar 73 and the third horizontal bar 74 are respectively connected with two ends of the second vertical bar 76, and the second horizontal bar 75 is vertically crossed with the second vertical bar 76. The first transverse bar 73 and the third transverse bar 74 are symmetrical about the second transverse bar 75, and the structure introduces mutual coupling between the first foil bar and the second foil bar and the first resonance unit 7, thereby reducing the volume of the invention; the first resonance unit 7 having a thickness of 0.017mm may be printed on the dielectric substrate 2 and the dielectric substrate 2 is inserted into the groove and combined with the upper case 5 by means of screws.
The first resonance unit 7 is a linear type miniaturized resonance unit, and the distance between the first resonance unit 7 and the second resonance unit 9 along the y axis is 0.1 mm; the second bar 75 is 1.65mm long along the y-axis and 0.1mm wide along the x-axis, and the first 73 and third 74 bars are 0.96mm long along the y-axis and 0.1mm wide along the x-axis. The distance between the second cross bar 75 and the first cross bar 73 and the distance between the second cross bar 75 and the third cross bar 74 are both 0.1 mm; the width of the second longitudinal strip 76 along the y-axis is 0.1mm, the length along the x-axis is 0.3mm, the width of the first longitudinal strip 72 and the third longitudinal strip 71 along the y-axis is 0.1mm, the length along the x-axis is 0.9mm, and the distance between the first transverse strip 73 and the third transverse strip 74 and the first longitudinal strip 72 and the third longitudinal strip 71 is 0.375 mm.
After the second resonant unit is removed, the length L4 of the first horizontal bar 73 and the third horizontal bar 74 along the y-axis is changed, and the simulation result of S21 in the simulation software HFSS is shown in fig. 8. From the simulation result, it can be seen that the lower box body 4 and the upper box body 5 of the second resonance unit are removed, and the metal shielding box combined by the screws is equivalent to the function of a low-pass filter, so that a transmission zero is generated on the upper stop band of the filter, the resonant frequency of the transmission zero can be changed by changing the lengths of the first horizontal bar 73 and the third horizontal bar 74, the lengths of the first horizontal bar 73 and the third horizontal bar 74 are increased, and the resonant frequency of the transmission zero is shifted to a low frequency; the resonant frequency of the transmission zero can also be changed by simultaneously changing the lengths and widths of the third longitudinal strip 71, the first longitudinal strip 72, and the second longitudinal strip 76. The present invention changes the lengths of the first bar 73 and the third bar 74 along the y-axis, and the simulation result of S21 in the simulation software HFSS is shown in fig. 9, and based on the result, the length of the first bar 73 and the third bar 74 is selected to be 1.09 mm. The width is 0.1 mm. From the simulation results and the structure, it can be found that the first resonance unit 7 is not only simple and compact in structure, but also low in processing difficulty and flexible in design, and is very suitable for designing a W-band E-plane waveguide filter which is low in cost, light in weight, excellent in performance, simple and compact in structure.
The upper ground layer 8 has a first upper ground layer 81 and a second upper ground layer 82 in the lateral direction, and the first resonance unit 7 and the second resonance unit 9 are located between the first upper ground layer 81 and the second upper ground layer 82. The first upper ground layer 81 and the second upper ground layer 82 may be printed on the dielectric substrate 2, and the first upper ground layer 81 and the second upper ground layer 82 are symmetrical with respect to the first resonant unit 7, which can better ensure that the dielectric substrate 2 is in contact with the lower surface of the upper case 5, thereby ensuring that the upper case 5 can achieve a good grounding effect.
The filter of the invention generates two transmission zeros at the lower stop band, the length of the second longitudinal foil strip 93 and the third longitudinal foil strip 95 along the x axis can be changed to change the resonant frequency of the two transmission zeros, the length of the second longitudinal foil strip 93 and the third longitudinal foil strip 95 is increased, and the resonant frequency of the two transmission zeros moves to the low frequency; changing the lengths of the second longitudinal foil 93 and the third longitudinal foil 95 in the second resonance unit 9 is equivalent to changing the equivalent length of the second resonance unit 9, but the overall volume of the second resonance unit 9 is basically kept unchanged, so the structure of the second resonance unit 9 provided by the invention is very compact; the second resonance unit 9 provided by the invention is very flexible in design, and the resonance frequency of two transmission zeros can be changed by changing the distance between the first foil strip and the second foil strip; the resonant frequencies of the two transmission zeros can be changed by changing the length and the width of the C-shaped foil strip; the second resonance unit 9 provided by the invention has the characteristics of low processing difficulty, flexible design, simple and compact structure and the like, and is very suitable for designing a W-band E-surface waveguide filter with low cost, light weight, excellent performance, simple and compact structure in a new millimeter wave communication system; in order to reduce the volume, a first foil strip and a second foil strip are designed on both sides of the first resonance unit 7, and the first foil strip and the second foil strip are symmetrical with respect to the first resonance unit 7. Therefore, the size of the W-band waveguide filter can be reduced due to the design structure, and meanwhile, the first foil strip and the second foil strip are coupled with the first resonance unit 7, so that the size of the W-band waveguide filter can be further reduced.
The lower ground layer 3 has a first lower ground layer 31 and a second lower ground layer 32, which are laterally arranged, and the first lower ground layer 31 and the second lower ground layer 32 are respectively arranged at two sides of the groove. The first lower ground layer 31 and the second lower ground layer 32 may be printed on the dielectric substrate 2, and the first lower ground layer 31 and the second lower ground layer 32 are symmetrical with respect to the first resonant unit 7, which can better ensure that the dielectric substrate 2 contacts with the upper surface of the lower box 4, thereby ensuring that the lower box 4 can achieve a good grounding effect.
The grooves have a first groove 45 and a second groove 46. This configuration facilitates the placement of the dielectric substrate 2 into the recess. The first groove 45 and the second groove 46 may be metal grooves. The first groove 45 and the second groove 46 are each 0.72mm long along the x-axis, 3.57mm long along the y-axis, and 0.15mm deep along the z-axis.
The upper surface of the lower box body 4 is provided with a lower cavity 49, the lower surface of the upper box body 5 is correspondingly provided with an upper cavity 57, and the lower cavity 49 is communicated with the groove. The upper cavity 57 and the lower cavity 49 together form a standard rectangular waveguide resonator, and the input and output ports are standard WR10(a is 1.27mm, and b is 2.54 mm). The lower cavity 49 and the upper cavity 57 may be metal cavities.
The lower box body 4 and the upper box body 5 are respectively provided with a plurality of connecting holes, and connecting pieces are correspondingly arranged in the connecting holes. The connecting holes can be screw holes, pin holes and the like, and the connecting pieces can be screws, pins and the like. In the figure, reference numerals 41, 42, 43, 44, 51, 52, 53 and 54 are all screw holes, and screws are correspondingly arranged in the screw holes and used for fixing the upper and lower metal rectangular waveguides. 47. 48, 55 and 56 are pin holes, and pins are correspondingly arranged in the pin holes and used for positioning the metal rectangular waveguide. The diameters of the pin holes are all 1.65mm, and the diameters of the screw holes are all 2 mm.
In order to facilitate the connection between the lower box 4 and the upper box 5 and other devices, the lower box 4 is respectively provided with a first pin hole 411, a second pin hole 412 and a first hollow hole 410, and the upper box 5 is respectively provided with a third pin hole 59, a fourth pin hole 510 and a second hollow hole 58. The diameters of the pin holes are all 1.65mm, and the diameters of the empty holes are all 3 mm.
The metal foil strips and the grounding layer can be copper foils, and the metal foil strips and the grounding layer can be printed on the dielectric substrate 2 and are 0.017mm thick.
The lower groove 49 and the upper groove 57 are each 1.27mm long along the x-axis, 13mm long along the y-axis, and 1.27mm deep along the z-axis.
The dielectric substrate 2 has a length of 2.67mm along the x-axis and 3.55mm along the y-axis.
The length of the upper box body 5 and the length of the lower box body 4 along the x axis are both 19mm, the length of the upper box body along the y axis are both 13mm, and the length of the lower box body along the z axis are both 9.5 mm.
The sizes are determined according to the design and machining precision design by combining the actual circuit design theory and the simulation result, so that the design accuracy is ensured, and the feasibility of actual machining is also ensured.
According to the invention, 1 linear miniaturized resonant unit and 2 miniaturized C-shaped resonant units are used in the design of the W-band E-plane waveguide filter structure, so that the filter has a simple and compact structure, very good design flexibility and low processing cost; meanwhile, 2 transmission zeros are generated in the lower stop band of the band-pass filter and 1 transmission zero is generated in the upper stop band of the band-pass filter, so that the band-pass filter has high out-of-band rejection and rectangular coefficient. The invention has good design freedom, and the bandwidth and the center frequency of the invention can achieve the design purpose by reasonably adjusting the size of each parameter according to the requirements of different applications, so the invention is easy to be popularized in the application of W-band waveguide filter circuits in various fields.
Claims (7)
1. A W-band E-plane waveguide filter, characterized by: the upper part of the lower box body (4) is connected with the lower part of the upper box body (5), a groove is formed in the upper surface of the lower box body (4), a medium substrate (2) is arranged in the groove, a metal foil layer (1) is arranged on the upper part of the medium substrate (2), a lower grounding layer (3) is arranged on the lower part of the medium substrate (2), the metal foil layer (1) is provided with a first resonance unit (7), an upper grounding layer (8) and a second resonance unit (9), the first resonance unit (7) is respectively symmetrical in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction with respect to the center of the groove, and the second resonance unit (9) is respectively symmetrical in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction with respect to the center of the groove; the first resonance unit (7) is provided with three transverse strips and three longitudinal strips, the three transverse strips are respectively a first transverse strip (73), a second transverse strip (75) and a third transverse strip (74), the three longitudinal strips are respectively a first longitudinal strip (72), a second longitudinal strip (76) and a third longitudinal strip (71), the first longitudinal strip (72) and the third longitudinal strip (71) are respectively connected with two ends of the second transverse strip (75), the first transverse strip (73) and the third transverse strip (74) are respectively connected with two ends of the second longitudinal strip (76), and the second transverse strip (75) is vertically and crossly connected with the second longitudinal strip (76); the second resonance unit (9) is provided with a first foil strip and a second foil strip, the first resonance unit (7) is positioned between the first foil strip and the second foil strip, the first foil strip and the second foil strip are respectively C-shaped foil strips with opposite openings, and the C-shaped foil strips are provided with a second longitudinal foil strip (93), a first transverse foil strip (91), a first longitudinal foil strip (94), a second transverse foil strip (92) and a third longitudinal foil strip (95) which are sequentially connected.
2. The W-band E-plane waveguide filter of claim 1 wherein: the upper grounding layer (8) is provided with a first upper grounding layer (81) and a second upper grounding layer (82) which are transverse, and the first resonance unit (7) and the second resonance unit (9) are positioned between the first upper grounding layer (81) and the second upper grounding layer (82).
3. The W-band E-plane waveguide filter of claim 1 wherein: the lower grounding layer (3) is provided with a first transverse lower grounding layer (31) and a second transverse lower grounding layer (32), and the first lower grounding layer (31) and the second lower grounding layer (32) are respectively positioned on two sides in the groove.
4. The W-band E-plane waveguide filter of claim 1 wherein: the groove is provided with a first groove (45) and a second groove (46).
5. The W-band E-plane waveguide filter of claim 1 wherein: the upper surface of the lower box body (4) is provided with a lower cavity (49), the lower surface of the upper box body (5) is correspondingly provided with an upper cavity (57), and the lower cavity (49) is communicated with the groove.
6. The W-band E-plane waveguide filter of claim 1 wherein: the lower box body (4) and the upper box body (5) are respectively provided with a plurality of connecting holes, and connecting pieces are correspondingly arranged in the connecting holes.
7. The W-band E-plane waveguide filter of claim 1 wherein: the lower box body (4) is provided with a first pin hole (411), a second pin hole (412) and a first hollow hole (410) respectively, and the upper box body (5) is provided with a third pin hole (59), a fourth pin hole (510) and a second hollow hole (58) respectively.
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| EP1443588A1 (en) * | 2003-02-03 | 2004-08-04 | Thomson Licensing S.A. | Compact waveguide filter |
| CN102412432A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-11 | 电子科技大学 | Waveguide band-stop filter based on split ring resonator structure |
| CN104733816A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | Band-pass filter based on gap waveguide technology |
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| US4888569A (en) * | 1988-05-23 | 1989-12-19 | Hewlett-Packard Company | Magnetically tuneable millimeter wave bandpass filter having high off resonance isolation |
| AUPS061802A0 (en) * | 2002-02-19 | 2002-03-14 | Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation | Low cost dielectric tuning for e-plane filters |
| US7456711B1 (en) * | 2005-11-09 | 2008-11-25 | Memtronics Corporation | Tunable cavity filters using electronically connectable pieces |
| TW201014030A (en) * | 2008-09-18 | 2010-04-01 | Tung Fang Inst Of Technology | Coplanar waveguide low-pass filter |
| CN102709630B (en) * | 2011-06-02 | 2015-09-02 | 无锡波联电科技有限公司 | Filter of satellite communication earth station receiver |
| EP3055871A1 (en) * | 2013-10-07 | 2016-08-17 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Precision batch production method for manufacturing ferrite rods |
| CN108879044B (en) * | 2018-06-30 | 2020-02-28 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Ultra-wideband band-pass filter structure with wide stop band and high selectivity |
| CN109638393A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-16 | 安徽华东光电技术研究所有限公司 | A kind of miniaturization W-waveband filter |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1443588A1 (en) * | 2003-02-03 | 2004-08-04 | Thomson Licensing S.A. | Compact waveguide filter |
| CN102412432A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-04-11 | 电子科技大学 | Waveguide band-stop filter based on split ring resonator structure |
| CN104733816A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-06-24 | 西安电子科技大学 | Band-pass filter based on gap waveguide technology |
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