CN112904474B - Small-outer-diameter low-attenuation bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber - Google Patents
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- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
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- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
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- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/01—Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments
- C03B37/012—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments
- C03B37/014—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD]
- C03B37/018—Manufacture of preforms for drawing fibres or filaments made entirely or partially by chemical means, e.g. vapour phase deposition of bulk porous glass either by outside vapour deposition [OVD], or by outside vapour phase oxidation [OVPO] or by vapour axial deposition [VAD] by glass deposition on a glass substrate, e.g. by inside-, modified-, plasma-, or plasma modified- chemical vapour deposition [ICVD, MCVD, PCVD, PMCVD], i.e. by thin layer coating on the inside or outside of a glass tube or on a glass rod
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- C03C13/00—Fibre or filament compositions
- C03C13/04—Fibre optics, e.g. core and clad fibre compositions
- C03C13/045—Silica-containing oxide glass compositions
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02004—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating characterised by the core effective area or mode field radius
- G02B6/02028—Small effective area or mode field radius, e.g. for allowing nonlinear effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02295—Microstructured optical fibre
- G02B6/02314—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes
- G02B6/02342—Plurality of longitudinal structures extending along optical fibre axis, e.g. holes characterised by cladding features, i.e. light confining region
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02395—Glass optical fibre with a protective coating, e.g. two layer polymer coating deposited directly on a silica cladding surface during fibre manufacture
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
- G02B6/03616—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference
- G02B6/03638—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only
- G02B6/0365—Optical fibres characterised both by the number of different refractive index layers around the central core segment, i.e. around the innermost high index core layer, and their relative refractive index difference having 3 layers only arranged - - +
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- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B2201/00—Type of glass produced
- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/08—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant
- C03B2201/12—Doped silica-based glasses doped with boron or fluorine or other refractive index decreasing dopant doped with fluorine
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- C03B2201/06—Doped silica-based glasses
- C03B2201/30—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi
- C03B2201/31—Doped silica-based glasses doped with metals, e.g. Ga, Sn, Sb, Pb or Bi doped with germanium
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Abstract
The invention relates to a small-outer-diameter low-attenuation bending insensitive single mode which comprises a core layer, a cladding layer and a resin coating layer and is characterized in that the diameter a of the core layer is 6.5-6.8 mu m, the diameter delta n1 is 0.30-0.34%, the diameter b of an inner cladding layer is 17-23 mu m, the diameter delta n2 is-0.1% -0.05%, the diameter c of a sunken cladding layer is 42-50 mu m, the diameter delta n3 is-0.4% -0.2%, the diameter d1 of an outer cladding layer is 123-125 mu m, the outer cladding layer is a pure silica glass layer, the outer cladding layer is coated with the resin coating layer and comprises an inner coating layer and an outer coating layer, the diameter d2 of the inner coating layer is 150-160 mu m, and the diameter d3 of the outer coating layer is 175-185 mu m. The optical fiber can simultaneously have low attenuation and good bending performance, and the design of the section of the sunken cladding is optimized to improve the macrobending performance of the optical fiber so as to ensure that the low-temperature performance of the optical fiber after cabling can be effectively ensured on the premise of reducing the coating diameter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a small-outer-diameter low-attenuation bending insensitive optical fiber, which has good bending performance and lower attenuation coefficient and belongs to the technical field of optical communication transmission.
Background
With the continuous increase of the laying scale of the optical fiber, the optical fiber channel resources in the same area are increasingly tense, more optical fibers are laid by using limited space, and the method is an ideal solution, and the diameter of the optical fiber is reduced to become one of the solution ways; meanwhile, FTTx optical fiber line laying and configuration put higher demands on the bending performance and attenuation coefficient of the optical fiber; there is thus a need to develop a small outer diameter bend insensitive optical fiber with a low attenuation coefficient.
In order to meet the requirement of bending performance of g.657.a2, a common method is to ensure the design requirement of the optical fiber waveguide by increasing the doping concentration of the core layer Ge, so that the core cladding layer achieves a relatively large refractive index difference, but such a high doping concentration of the core layer Ge tends to increase the rayleigh scattering coefficient of the optical fiber, so that the attenuation of the optical fiber of this type is relatively high.
In order to meet the requirement of bending performance of the g.657.a2, another common method is to adopt a depressed cladding design, the conventional depressed cladding design also has certain requirement limits on the depth and width of the depressed optical fiber, too shallow and too narrow depression does not greatly improve the bending performance of the optical fiber, too deep and too wide depression are not beneficial to parameter balance of the optical fiber, and the design of the width and depth of the depressed inner cladding is very critical in order to ensure the optical fiber mode field diameter and good bending performance of the g.657.a2 optical fiber. The depressed inner cladding design proposed by patent documents US7043125B2 and CN176680 is to increase the Numerical Aperture (NA) of the fiber without intentionally changing the doping of the core layer. But the optimized design of the depressed inner cladding can only improve the macrobending performance of the optical fiber under a large bending radius to a certain extent. It is difficult to satisfy the bending loss requirement of G.657.A2 at a small bending radius.
The method for reducing the outer diameter of the optical fiber is generally realized by reducing the thickness of the coating layer, under the condition that the thickness of the optical fiber glass part is not changed, the protection of the coating layer on the optical fiber glass part is weakened after the coating layer is thinned, and when the optical fiber is used in a low-temperature environment after the optical fiber is cabled, the sleeve on the outer layer of the optical cable shrinks and extrudes the optical fiber. Thus, the optical fiber with the reduced outer diameter is required to have good microbending performance so as to ensure normal use in special environment; in order to improve the microbending performance of the small-outer-diameter optical fiber, on one hand, the macrobending performance of the optical fiber is improved through the optimization of the sunken inner cladding structure, and on the other hand, the protection of the coating layer on the glass part is enhanced through the reasonable matching of the modulus of the coating layer and the optimization of the curing condition of the coating, so that the microbending performance of the small-outer-diameter optical fiber can also be improved.
Patent document WO2014/172143a discloses a small outer diameter optical fiber, wherein the in-situ modulus of the inner coating layer is less than 0.50MPa, the in-situ modulus of the outer coating layer is more than 1500MPa, and the difference between the moduli of the inner and outer layers is too large, so that the difference between the coefficients of thermal expansion of the two materials is too large, and the delamination of the coating layer and the attenuation of the optical fiber are increased under low temperature conditions.
Patent document WO2018/020287a1 discloses that the cured inner coating has a thickness of 10-18 μm and an in-situ tensile modulus of 0.10-0.18 MPa, the cured outer coating has a thickness t2 of 18 μm or less and an in-situ tensile modulus Emod2 of 700-1200 MPa, and the section of the glass portion needs to be designed and optimized to achieve a low attenuation level at a small outer diameter without mentioning the attenuation level of the achieved optical fiber.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber with small outer diameter and low attenuation aiming at the defects in the prior art, the core cladding and the coating layer of the bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber have reasonable structural design, and the bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber not only has low attenuation and good bending performance, but also has simple and feasible process.
The following are definitions and descriptions of some terms involved in the present invention:
starting from the axis of the optical fiber core, according to the corresponding refractive index variation trend, the layer which is defined as the layer closest to the axis at the center is the optical fiber core layer, the part close to the optical fiber core layer is defined as an inner cladding, the part close to the inner cladding is defined as a depressed cladding, and the outermost layer of the optical fiber, namely a pure silica layer, is defined as an optical fiber outer cladding.
The OVD process comprises the following steps: the quartz glass with the required thickness and the required refractive index profile is prepared by an external vapor deposition and sintering process.
The PCVD process comprises the following steps: and preparing the quartz glass with the required thickness and the required refractive index profile by using a plasma chemical vapor deposition process.
VAD process: the quartz glass with the required thickness and the required refractive index profile is prepared by axial vapor deposition and sintering processes.
And (3) a melting and shrinking process: and carrying out high-temperature fusion shrinkage by using a doped quartz glass rod and a doped quartz liner tube to obtain quartz glass with the required thickness and the required refractive index profile.
Performing: the optical fiber is a material prefabricated member which is distributed by a core layer and a cladding layer and can be drawn according to the design requirement of the optical fiber.
Relative refractive index deltan of each layer of the optical fiberiAs defined by the following equation,
wherein n isiIs the refractive index of the glass at each location of the fiber, and nc is the refractive index of the outer cladding, i.e., pure silica.
The test method of the cut-off wavelength lambda cc of the optical cable refers to the method specified in IEC 60793-1-44.
The macrobend additional loss test method refers to the method specified in IEC 60793-1-47.
The microbending loss test method is referred to as method B in IEC-62221.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the composite material comprises a core layer, a cladding layer and a resin coating layer, wherein the cladding layer sequentially comprises an inner cladding layer, a sunken cladding layer and an outer cladding layer from inside to outside, and the resin coating layer comprises an inner coating layer and an outer coating layer, and is characterized in that the diameter a of the core layer is 6.5-6.8 microns, the relative refractive index difference delta n1 is 0.30% -0.34%, the diameter b of the inner cladding layer is 17-23 microns, the relative refractive index difference delta n2 is-0.1% -0.05%, the diameter c of the sunken cladding layer is 42-50 microns, the relative refractive index difference delta n3 is-0.4% -0.2%, the diameter d1 of the outer cladding layer is 123-125 microns, the outer cladding layer is a pure silica glass layer, the outer cladding layer is coated with the resin coating layer, the diameter d2 is 150-160 microns, and the diameter d3 of the outer coating layer is 175-185 microns.
According to the scheme, the Young modulus of the inner coating layer is less than or equal to 0.5MPa, the curing degree is 88-92%, the Young modulus of the outer coating layer is greater than or equal to 1100MPa, and the curing degree is 92-96%.
According to the scheme, the optical fiber core layer is a silica glass layer doped with Ge and alkali metal, the relative refractive index contribution delta n1 of the Ge in the core layer is 0.30-0.34%, and the alkali metal content is 50-500 ppm; the alkali metal is one or more of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium alkali metal ions.
According to the scheme, the inner cladding and the sunken cladding are F-doped silica glass layers.
According to the scheme, the attenuation of the optical fiber at the wavelength of 1310nm is less than or equal to 0.324 dB/km; attenuation at a wavelength of 1383nm is not more than 0.284 dB/km; attenuation at the wavelength of 1550nm is less than or equal to 0.184 dB/km; attenuation at a wavelength of 1625nm is 0.204dB/km or less.
According to the scheme, the mode field diameter of the optical fiber at 1310nm is 8.4-9.0 microns, the cut-off wavelength of the optical cable is less than or equal to 1260nm, and the zero dispersion wavelength is 1300-1324 nm.
According to the scheme, the macro-bending loss of the optical fiber at 1550nm window of R15mm-100 circles is less than or equal to 0.03dB, and the macro-bending loss at 1625nm window is less than or equal to 0.08 dB; the macrobending loss of a 1550nm window at R10mm-1 turn is less than or equal to 0.06dB, and the macrobending loss of a 1625nm window is less than or equal to 0.1 dB; and the macrobending loss of a 1550nm window at an R7.5mm-1 turn is less than or equal to 0.2dB, and the macrobending loss of a 1625nm window is less than or equal to 0.5 dB.
According to the scheme, the microbending loss of the optical fiber at the wavelength of 1700nm is less than or equal to 3 dB/km.
The manufacturing method adopted by the optical fiber is PCVD/VAD + sleeve liner tube collapsing + OVD technology to prepare the needed optical fiber preform, wherein the VAD technology or the PCVD technology prepares the core rod corresponding to the optical fiber core layer and the alkali metal doped and F-doped inner cladding layer, the doped quartz liner tube is the corresponding needed F-doped sunken cladding layer, and the core rod and the F-doped liner tube are high-temperature collapsed into a solid rod for OVD technology outer cladding treatment; the preform prepared by the OVD is drawn and matched with a small-aperture coating device to obtain the bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber with small outer diameter and low attenuation.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the Ge doping amount of a core layer is reduced, and alkali metal is doped into the core layer to optimize the viscosity of the core layer, so that the attenuation performance of the optical fiber is reduced; 2. the requirement of core cladding refractive index difference is met by reasonably arranging the inner cladding so as to ensure the design requirement of the optical fiber waveguide; meanwhile, the better macrobending performance is realized by increasing the width of the sunken cladding layer, and the requirement of the microbending performance after the coating layer is thinned is met; 3. reasonably coating the inner and outer layers with diameter distribution, modulus distribution and curing degree, and adopting the inner low-modulus coating layer and the outer high-modulus coating layer to ensure that the optical fiber can keep excellent microbending performance and low attenuation level in a severe use environment after the outer diameter of the optical fiber is reduced; 4. the optical fiber not only accords with the G.657.A2 standard, but also keeps good macrobending loss and lower attenuation level, has small diameter, has the cross section area which is only 55 percent of that of the conventional optical fiber, can effectively reduce the laying space of a communication pipeline, and meets the requirements of complex layout environment of an access network, small diameter of an optical cable and miniaturization of an optical device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a radial cross-section of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the refractive index of an optical fiber according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The composite material comprises a core layer, a cladding layer and a resin coating layer, wherein the cladding layer sequentially comprises an inner cladding layer, a sunken cladding layer and an outer cladding layer from inside to outside, the resin coating layer comprises an inner coating layer and an outer coating layer, as shown in figures 1 and 2, the diameter of the core layer is a, the relative refractive index difference is delta n1, the diameter of the inner cladding layer is b, the relative refractive index difference is delta n2, the diameter of the sunken cladding layer is c, the relative refractive index difference is delta n3, the diameter of the outer cladding layer is d1, the outer cladding layer is a pure silica glass layer, and d1 is 125 mu m; the outer coating layer is coated with a resin coating layer, the diameter d2 of the inner coating layer is 151 mu m, the Young modulus is 0.3Mpa, the curing degree is 90%, and the diameter d3 of the outer coating layer is 180 mu m; young modulus 1100MPa, curing degree 95%.
According to the technical scheme of the bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber with small outer diameter and low attenuation, the main parameters of the implemented optical fiber refractive index profile structure are shown in table 1, and the main performance parameters of the optical fiber are shown in table 2
TABLE 1 optical fiber profile and geometry parameters for embodiments of the invention
TABLE 2 Main Performance parameters of optical fibers of examples of the present invention
Claims (9)
1. A small-outer-diameter low-attenuation bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber comprises a core layer, a cladding layer and a resin coating layer, the cladding comprises an inner cladding, a sunken cladding and an outer cladding in sequence from inside to outside, the resin coating comprises an inner coating and an outer coating, it is characterized in that the diameter a of the core layer is 6.5-6.8 μm, the relative refractive index difference delta n1 is 0.311-0.34%, the diameter b of the inner cladding is 17-23 μm, the relative refractive index difference delta n2 is-0.1% -0.05%, the depressed cladding has a diameter c of 42 to 50 μm and a relative refractive index difference Δ n3 of-0.4% to-0.2%, the diameter d1 of the outer cladding is 123-125 μm, the outer cladding is a pure silica glass layer, a resin coating layer is coated outside the outer cladding, the diameter d2 of the inner coating layer is 150-160 μm, and the diameter d3 of the outer coating layer is 175-185 μm.
2. The small outer diameter, low attenuation, bend insensitive single mode optical fiber of claim 1 wherein said inner coating has a young's modulus of less than or equal to 0.5MPa and a degree of cure of 88 to 92%, and said outer coating has a young's modulus of greater than or equal to 1100MPa and a degree of cure of 92 to 96%.
3. The small outer diameter, low attenuation, bend insensitive single mode optical fiber of claim 1 or 2 wherein the core layer of said fiber is a silica glass layer doped with Ge and an alkali metal, the Ge relative index contribution Δ n1 in the core layer being 0.30% to 0.34%, the alkali metal content being 50 to 500 ppm.
4. A small outer diameter, low attenuation, bend insensitive single mode optical fiber as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said inner cladding and depressed cladding are F doped silica glass layers.
5. The small outer diameter, low attenuation, bend insensitive single mode optical fiber of claim 1 or 2, wherein said fiber exhibits an attenuation at a wavelength of 1310nm of 0.324dB/km or less; attenuation at a wavelength of 1383nm is not more than 0.284 dB/km; attenuation at the wavelength of 1550nm is less than or equal to 0.184 dB/km; attenuation at a wavelength of 1625nm is 0.204dB/km or less.
6. The small outer diameter low attenuation bend insensitive single mode optical fiber of claim 1 or 2 wherein said fiber has a mode field diameter at 1310nm of 8.4 to 9.0 μm, a cable cutoff wavelength less than or equal to 1260nm, and a zero dispersion wavelength of 1300 to 1324 nm.
7. The small outer diameter, low attenuation, bend insensitive single mode optical fiber of claim 1 or 2 wherein said fiber has a 1550nm window macrobend loss of less than or equal to 0.03dB over R15mm-100 turns, and a 1625nm window macrobend loss of less than or equal to 0.08 dB; the macrobending loss of a 1550nm window at R10mm-1 turn is less than or equal to 0.06dB, and the macrobending loss of a 1625nm window is less than or equal to 0.1 dB; and the macrobending loss of a 1550nm window at an R7.5mm-1 turn is less than or equal to 0.2dB, and the macrobending loss of a 1625nm window is less than or equal to 0.5 dB.
8. The small outer diameter, low attenuation, bend insensitive single mode optical fiber of claim 1 or 2 wherein said fiber has microbend losses at 1700nm of less than or equal to 3 dB/km.
9. A method for manufacturing a small-outer-diameter low-attenuation bend-insensitive single-mode optical fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the optical fiber adopts a manufacturing method of PCVD/VAD + sleeve tube collapsing + OVD technology to prepare a required optical fiber preform, wherein the VAD technology or the PCVD technology prepares a core rod corresponding to an optical fiber core layer and an F-doped inner cladding layer, a doped quartz liner tube is a corresponding required F-doped depressed cladding layer, and the core rod and the F-doped liner tube are high-temperature collapsed into a solid rod for OVD technology overcladding treatment; the preform prepared by the OVD is drawn and matched with a small-aperture coating device to obtain the bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber with small outer diameter and low attenuation.
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| CN114349327A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏亨通光导新材料有限公司 | Low-cost processing technology of bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber |
| CN115951445B (en) * | 2023-03-15 | 2023-05-16 | 中天科技光纤有限公司 | Bending-resistant high-voltage-resistant optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
| CN116577866A (en) * | 2023-07-14 | 2023-08-11 | 江苏永鼎股份有限公司 | Low-loss bending insensitive optical fiber and jumper wire |
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| CN102308235A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2012-01-04 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Bend insensitive optical fibers with low refractive index glass rings |
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| FR2914751B1 (en) * | 2007-04-06 | 2009-07-03 | Draka Comteq France | OPTICAL FIBER MONOMODE |
| US9164229B2 (en) * | 2012-03-02 | 2015-10-20 | J-Fiber Gmbh | Bend insensitive gradient index multi-mode light conducting fiber |
| CN102645699B (en) * | 2012-05-02 | 2015-03-04 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Low-attenuation bend-insensitive single-mode fiber |
| CN107678088A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-02-09 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | The single-mode fiber of low attenuation large effective area |
| CN109061793B (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2021-03-16 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Seven-core small-diameter single-mode optical fiber and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111399113B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-05-25 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | Small-outer-diameter bending insensitive single-mode optical fiber |
| CN111807699A (en) * | 2020-08-06 | 2020-10-23 | 江苏亨通光导新材料有限公司 | Manufacturing method of bending-resistant optical fiber and optical fiber corresponding to manufacturing method |
| CN112147738B (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-07-02 | 华中科技大学 | high-Raman-gain optical fiber capable of inhibiting stimulated Brillouin scattering effect and preparation method thereof |
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| CN102308235A (en) * | 2009-01-09 | 2012-01-04 | 康宁股份有限公司 | Bend insensitive optical fibers with low refractive index glass rings |
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