CN112903576B - Electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of pipeline inner wall special-shaped structure - Google Patents

Electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of pipeline inner wall special-shaped structure Download PDF

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CN112903576B
CN112903576B CN202110060167.7A CN202110060167A CN112903576B CN 112903576 B CN112903576 B CN 112903576B CN 202110060167 A CN202110060167 A CN 202110060167A CN 112903576 B CN112903576 B CN 112903576B
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electrode
pipeline
wall
working
alloy
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CN112903576A (en
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刘峰
侯健
孙明先
李相波
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725th Research Institute of CSIC
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725th Research Institute of CSIC
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G01N17/02Electrochemical measuring systems for weathering, corrosion or corrosion-protection measurement
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416Systems

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical corrosion measurement, and relates to a special-shaped structure erosion corrosion electrochemical testing device for a pipeline inner wall, which can carry out electrochemical testing on special-shaped structures of welding seams, reducing joints, three-way joints and defects in an actual pipeline in an erosion state: (1) An alloy pipeline with a metal oxide coating prepared on the inner wall with the same shape and size as an actual pipeline is used as an auxiliary electrode and is also used as a reaction electrolytic cell and a water pipeline; (2) The working area of the inner wall of the whole alloy pipeline as an auxiliary electrode is obviously larger than that of the working electrode; (3) The reference electrode and the working electrode are fixedly sealed in the part made of insulating materials, and the working surface is flush with the inner wall; (4) The working surface is fixedly sealed in the part made of the insulating material, and the shape of the working surface and the relative position of the working surface and the inner wall are set according to the actual condition of the special-shaped structure; (5) The position of the three-electrode system is fixed, so that the three-electrode system is conveniently connected with an electrochemical workstation, and the stability of the test process is ensured; (6) The working electrode and the reference electrode are convenient to mount and dismount.

Description

Electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of pipeline inner wall special-shaped structure
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical corrosion measurement, and particularly relates to a scouring corrosion electrochemical testing device for a special-shaped structure of an inner wall of a pipeline, which is an electrochemical testing type experimental device for scouring corrosion of the pipeline.
Background art:
due to the complex structure, the material is various, and there are various special-shaped structure areas in the sea water pipeline, for example: in the pipeline connected by adopting a welding mode, the weld joint material and the pipe material are not the same, and the surplus height is left; the reducing and tee joint areas are positioned in an inclined plane structure formed in the pipeline, pits are formed on the inner wall of the pipeline locally due to some reason, and the like, the flow state or flow rate change near the special-shaped structure areas is large, local quick corrosion is easy to occur, the pipeline is quickly thinned and perforated, the pipeline corrosion failure area is a multi-occurrence area, and the pipeline engineering design and maintenance need key research and solution.
Local corrosion occurs in a special-shaped structure area in the pipeline, and the weight loss method is a research method aiming at uniform corrosion and is not suitable for the research of corrosion of the special-shaped structure area. The fluid mechanics simulation can calculate and obtain the flow velocity and the flow state of each position of the special-shaped structure area, but the corrosion process not only has a scouring effect, but also comprises an electrochemical corrosion process, so that the simulation calculation also needs the electrochemical information of the special-shaped structure area.
Electrochemical testing of erosion corrosion has been studied to some extent in the prior art, for example: the Chinese patent 201310248151.4 discloses a pipe flow type inner wall erosion corrosion test device, which comprises: power pump, row material pipe I, agitator pump, cooler, electromagnetic flowmeter, auxiliary electrode, the sample that awaits measuring, reference electrode, row material pipe II, slurry tank, the concrete structure is as follows: the input of agitator pump is direct to communicate with the slurry tank, sets up the cooler on the output of agitator pump and the pipeline of slurry tank intercommunication, and outside cooling system's cooler was independent of the slurry tank, be furnished with the bypass on the pipeline of agitator pump output and slurry tank intercommunication: a discharge pipe I; the slurry tank is respectively connected with the power pump and the stirring pump through pipelines, the input end of the power pump is directly communicated with the slurry tank through the pipelines, and the output end of the power pump is arranged on the pipeline communicated with the slurry tank: the electromagnetic flowmeter is arranged on a test pipe section of the power pump leading to the sample to be tested; the pipeline of the output end of the power pump and the slurry tank is provided with a bypass: a discharge pipe II; an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode are arranged on a pipeline at the output end of the power pump and communicated with the slurry tank, and the reference electrode and the auxiliary electrode are arranged on a pipeline near a sample to be detected; the sample to be tested is tubular and directly used as a working electrode; or the non-tubular sample is embedded into the test tube section to be used as a working electrode; two ends of a test pipe section where a sample to be tested is located are respectively connected with the pipeline through special fixtures, and the test pipe section where the sample to be tested is located is communicated with the slurry tank through the pipeline; when the sample to be tested is the whole test pipe section, the whole test pipe section is used as a working electrode; or when the sample to be tested is small or non-tubular, the sample to be tested is embedded into the test tube section to be used as a working electrode; the special fixture comprises flanges and bolts, two ends of the test pipe section are communicated with the pipeline through the flanges, the test pipe section is clamped through the two flanges, the two flanges are connected through the bolts, an auxiliary electrode and a reference electrode are embedded in the front flange pipeline and the rear flange pipeline respectively, and the special fixture is adopted to form a three-electrode corrosion electrochemical test system; the actual pipe section is used as a working electrode, and the electrochemical test of the pipe section sample in a flushing state is realized. Chinese patent 201811277952.2 discloses a pipeline erosion corrosion and electrochemical testing device, which comprises: the system comprises a scouring test stand, a water pump, a water tank, a water quality monitoring device, a water temperature measuring and controlling device, a flowmeter, a pipeline corrosion and electrochemical testing device, a water inlet flange, a water return flange and an external control system; the water tank sends a corrosive medium into a pipeline through the water pump, the pipeline corrosion and electrochemical testing device is connected to the pipeline through the water outlet flange and the water return flange, the corrosive medium returns to the water tank through the pipeline water return port, the water temperature measuring and controlling device is installed on the water tank, the water quality monitoring device is installed in the water tank, the flowmeter, the pipeline corrosion and electrochemical testing device are installed on the pipeline, and the external control system is used for monitoring the water quality monitoring device, the water temperature measuring and controlling device and the flowmeter; the pipeline corrosion and electrochemical test system comprises a clamping flange, a pipeline sample serving as a working electrode, a solid-state reference electrode, an axial auxiliary electrode, a titanium flange and a pipe section thereof, an insulating pipe section, a link screw and a nut; the device comprises a clamping flange, a sealing ring, an axial auxiliary electrode, an insulating pipe section, a screw rod, an inner nut and an outer nut, wherein the clamping flange is two in number, a pipeline sample to be tested is clamped by the two clamping flanges, the sealing ring is arranged between the pipeline sample and the clamping flanges, the solid-state reference electrode is arranged on the clamping flange, the axial auxiliary electrode is positioned on the central axis of the pipeline sample, one end of the axial auxiliary electrode is connected with the titanium alloy flange, the other end of the axial auxiliary electrode is connected with the insulating pipe section, the clamping flange and the titanium alloy flange are connected in series through the screw rod and fixed by the inner nut and the outer nut, and a rubber ring is arranged between the flange connections for sealing to prevent water leakage; the sample is a section of pipeline and can be cut off from the actual pipeline, the sample is fixed by clamping flanges at two sides, and a sealing ring is arranged between the pipeline sample and the clamping flanges; the solid-state reference electrode is arranged on the clamping flange on one side, and the working surface of the reference electrode is parallel to the inner wall of the pipeline sample, so that the reference electrode is ensured not to influence the flow state of water; the axial auxiliary electrode is made of cylindrical titanium alloy and is positioned on the central axis of the pipeline sample, so that the turbulence degree of water flow is reduced, and the stability of the water flow is improved; the water facing end of the axial auxiliary electrode is conical, and is inserted into a central ring of an external insulating pipe section, so that the axial auxiliary electrode has the functions of supporting and adjusting the position; the outer side of the water outlet end is provided with threads which are fixed in the center of the titanium alloy flange and have the functions of fixing and supporting; the anode of the auxiliary electrode at the water inlet adopts a tapered slender design, the flow channel interface is gradually reduced, the flow velocity of the guided water flow is gradually increased, the length of the auxiliary electrode is more than 40 times of the length of the working electrode, and the area of the auxiliary electrode is ensured to be more than 4 times of the area of the working electrode; the mode that the axial auxiliary electrode and the flange side wall are provided with the reference electrode is improved, the requirement of an electrochemical test on an electrode system is met, the interference of the electrode on the medium flow state is reduced to a low degree, and the test result can reflect the corrosion behavior of a pipeline under the actual working condition.
According to the testing device and the testing method, the obtained electrochemical information is the average value of the inner wall of the pipe section, and the electrochemical information of the special-shaped structure area is difficult to react. The existing corrosion testing technology has the problems that the electrochemical information of corrosion of a special-shaped structure region is difficult to obtain, the testing requirement cannot be met, and the corrosion behavior of the special-shaped structure region cannot be deeply researched.
Therefore, it is necessary to design a special electrochemical testing device for the special-shaped structural areas such as the weld joints and the defects of the pipeline to quickly and accurately obtain the electrochemical information of the pipeline, and scientifically explore and evaluate the corrosion behavior of the pipeline.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and seeks to design a device for electrochemically testing erosion corrosion of a special-shaped structure on the inner wall of a pipeline, so as to realize electrochemical testing of the special-shaped structure in the pipeline under the actual erosion working condition.
In order to achieve the purpose, the main body structure of the electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of the special-shaped structure of the inner wall of the pipeline comprises an alloy pipeline, a working electrode and a reference electrode; one end of the outer wall of the alloy pipeline is provided with a working electrode, and the other end of the outer wall of the alloy pipeline is provided with a reference electrode; the alloy pipeline, the working electrode and the reference electrode form a three-electrode system.
The alloy pipeline is provided with a water inlet at one end and a water outlet at the other end, a coating is arranged on the inner wall of the alloy pipeline, an electrode mounting seat is arranged on the outer wall of the alloy pipeline, the alloy pipeline is respectively connected with a working electrode, an auxiliary electrode wiring rod and a reference electrode through the electrode mounting seat, one end of the working electrode is exposed in the alloy pipeline as a working surface, the other end of the working electrode is connected with the working electrode wiring rod, one end of the reference electrode is exposed in the alloy pipeline as the working surface, and the other end of the reference electrode is connected with the reference electrode wiring rod.
The alloy pipeline has corrosion resistance, is also used as an auxiliary electrode, a water pipeline and a reaction electrolytic cell, and has the same inner diameter and structure as the test pipeline, so that the flow state in the alloy pipeline is the same as the flow state in the test pipeline; the coating is an IrTa metal oxide anode coating; the working electrode is made of the same material as the special-shaped structure of the test pipeline and is processed into a column shape or a block shape to be sealed in a working electrode packaging part arranged in the electrode mounting seat, the bottom of the working electrode is exposed out of the working surface of the working electrode, and the shape and the size of the working surface are the same as the special-shaped structure of the test pipeline; the reference electrode is a solid electrode comprising high-purity zinc and Ag/AgCl, and is processed into a column shape to be sealed in a reference electrode packaging part arranged in the electrode mounting seat, and the bottom of the reference electrode is exposed out of the working surface of the reference electrode; the working electrode packaging part and the reference electrode packaging part are both bolts or sleeves made of insulating materials.
The alloy pipeline in the three-electrode system is an auxiliary electrode made of a titanium alloy material, the shape of a pipe section is adopted, the inner wall of the pipe section is coated with a metal oxide coating, the inner diameter of the pipe section is the same as that of a test pipeline, an outer wall mounting screw is connected with an electrochemical workstation, a screw hole is formed in the pipe wall of the alloy pipeline, a working electrode and a reference electrode penetrate through the screw hole and are fixed on the pipe wall of the alloy pipeline, the working surface of the working electrode is exposed in the alloy pipeline, and when the relative positions of the working surface of the working electrode and the alloy pipeline and the inner wall are in the same plane, the electrochemical information of the inner wall of the alloy pipeline or a simulated weld heat affected zone can be tested; when the working surface of the working electrode protrudes or sinks from the inner wall of the alloy pipeline, the special-shaped structure of the welding seam or defect of the inner wall of the alloy pipeline can be simulated, the electrochemical information under the scouring state can be tested, the relative positions of the working surface of the reference electrode and the inner wall of the alloy pipeline are in the same plane, and the influence on the medium flow state in the closed Jin Guanlu is avoided.
When the electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of the special-shaped structure on the inner wall of the pipeline is used, the electrochemical testing device is respectively connected with an electrochemical workstation, a medium circulating system, a temperature control system and a water flow velocimeter, wherein the medium circulating system can adjust the components and the flow rate of a corrosive liquid, the temperature control system can adjust the temperature of the corrosive liquid, and the water flow velocimeter can monitor the flow rate of the corrosive liquid.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can carry out electrochemical test on the special-shaped structures of welding seams, reducing joints, three-way joints and defects in the actual pipeline in the scouring state: (1) An alloy pipeline with a metal oxide coating prepared on the inner wall with the same shape and size as an actual pipeline is used as an auxiliary electrode and is also used as a reaction electrolytic cell and a water pipeline, so that the medium flow state in the alloy pipeline is the same as that in the actual pipeline; (2) When the inner wall of the whole alloy pipeline is used as an auxiliary electrode, the working area of the inner wall is obviously larger than that of the working electrode, and the requirement of three-electrode electrochemical test is met; (3) The reference electrode is a solid reference electrode, is fixedly sealed in a part made of insulating materials and is connected with the alloy pipeline through a screw hole, and the working surface is flush with the inner wall, so that the flow state of the alloy pipeline is not influenced; (4) The working electrode is fixedly sealed in the part made of insulating materials and is connected with the alloy pipeline through a screw hole, the shape of the working surface and the relative position of the working surface and the inner wall are arranged according to the actual condition of the special-shaped structure, and the working surface comprises a parallel level, a protrusion or a recess and respectively represents the inner wall, a boss or a defect; (5) The position of the three-electrode system is fixed, so that the three-electrode system is conveniently connected with an electrochemical workstation, and the stability of the test process is ensured; (6) The working electrode and the reference electrode are convenient to mount and dismount, and the testing efficiency is improved; the device has the advantages of simple structure, stable working state and convenient operation, the simulated erosion state of the special-shaped structure of the inner wall of the pipeline is the same as the actual state of the pipeline, the electrochemical information obtained by testing can more accurately reflect the erosion corrosion characteristics of the special-shaped structure of the inner wall of the actual pipeline, and scientific and efficient experimental means and reliable test data are provided for researching the erosion corrosion rule of the special-shaped structure of the inner wall of the pipeline.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a simulated smooth inner wall structure according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a simulated single-inclined-surface protrusion structure according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a double-inclined-surface protruding structure according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of the electrochemical impedance test according to example 4 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the potentiodynamic polarization curve test results according to example 5 of the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further described below by way of an embodiment example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the device for testing the erosion-corrosion electrochemistry of the pipeline inner wall special-shaped structure related by the embodiment simulates a smooth inner wall structure, and the main structure of the device comprises an alloy pipeline 1, a water inlet 2, a water outlet 3, a coating 4, an electrode mounting base 5, a working electrode 6, an auxiliary electrode wiring rod 7, a working electrode wiring rod 8, a reference electrode 9 and a reference electrode wiring rod 10; one end of an alloy pipeline 1 with an inner hollow cylindrical structure is a water inlet 2, the other end of the alloy pipeline 1 is a water outlet 3, the inner wall of the alloy pipeline 1 is provided with a coating 4, the outer wall of the alloy pipeline is provided with an electrode mounting seat 5, one end of the electrode mounting seat 5 is provided with a working electrode 6 and an auxiliary electrode wiring rod 7, one end of the working electrode 6 is exposed in the alloy pipeline 1 as a working surface, the other end of the working electrode 6 is connected with the working electrode wiring rod 8, one end of a reference electrode 9 is exposed in the alloy pipeline 1 as a working surface, and the other end of the reference electrode 9 is connected with a reference electrode wiring rod 10; and the working electrode 6 and the reference electrode 9 are enclosed in a working electrode package 11 and a reference electrode package 12 provided in the electrode mount 5, respectively.
Example 2:
the special-shaped structure erosion corrosion electrochemical testing device for the inner wall of the pipeline related to the embodiment simulates a single-inclined-plane protruding structure, and the main structure of the device is the same as that of the device in embodiment 1.
Example 3:
the special-shaped structure erosion corrosion electrochemical testing device for the inner wall of the pipeline related to the embodiment simulates a double-inclined-plane protruding structure, and the main structure of the device is the same as that of the device in embodiment 1.
Example 4:
the electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of the special-shaped structure of the inner wall of the pipeline, which is related to the embodiment, respectively simulates the smooth inner wall structure, the single-slope protruding structure and the double-slope protruding structure shown in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3, wherein the height of the protruding structure is 5mm, the working electrode 6 is made of copper-nickel alloy, the water inlet 2 and the water outlet 3 are respectively connected with a testing pipeline, seawater with the flow rate of 2m/s is introduced, the three electrodes are respectively connected with an electrochemical workstation, parameters are set for testing, and the electrochemical impedance testing result is shown in fig. 4.
Example 5:
the electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of the special-shaped structure of the inner wall of the pipeline, which is related to the embodiment, respectively simulates the smooth inner wall structure, the single-bevel protrusion structure and the double-bevel protrusion structure which are shown in the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3, wherein the height of the protrusion structure is 2mm, the working electrode 6 is made of copper-nickel alloy, the water inlet 2 and the water outlet 3 are respectively connected with a testing pipeline, seawater with the flow rate of 1m/s and 2m/s is respectively introduced, the three electrodes are respectively connected with an electrochemical workstation, parameters are set for testing, and the potentiodynamic polarization curve testing result is shown in fig. 5; the electrochemical impedance test result of the embodiment 4 and the potentiodynamic polarization curve test result of the embodiment show that the electrochemical test device for erosion corrosion of the pipeline inner wall special-shaped structure realizes electrochemical test of the pipeline inner wall and the special-shaped structure thereof under the erosion state, and has obvious discrimination for structures in different shapes and electrochemical signals of the same structure under different flow rates.
And (3) abstract: the invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical corrosion measurement, and particularly relates to a scouring corrosion electrochemical test device for a special-shaped structure of the inner wall of a pipeline, wherein an IrTa metal oxide anode coating is coated on the inner wall of a titanium alloy pipe with excellent corrosion resistance and is used as an auxiliary electrode, the titanium alloy pipe also serves as a water pipeline and a reaction electrolytic cell, a reference electrode adopts a solid electrode, the material, the shape, the size and the position of a working electrode are respectively the same as those of the special-shaped structure of the test pipeline, the working electrode and the reference electrode are respectively fixed on the titanium alloy pipe, the working surface is exposed in the pipe, the working surface of the reference electrode and the inner wall of the pipe wall are in the same plane, and the rest part of the reference electrode is sealed in a bolt made of an insulating material; the electrochemical test device is simple in structure, can realize the electrochemical test of the pipeline inner wall special-shaped structure in the erosion corrosion state, obtains accurate electrochemical information, and provides reliable data for analyzing the corrosion degree and the corrosion mechanism of the special-shaped structure, wherein the test result is more in line with the actual working condition.

Claims (5)

1. A device for electrochemically testing erosion corrosion of a special-shaped structure on the inner wall of a pipeline is characterized in that a main structure comprises an alloy pipeline, a working electrode and a reference electrode; one end of the outer wall of the alloy pipeline is provided with a working electrode, and the other end of the outer wall of the alloy pipeline is provided with a reference electrode; the alloy pipeline, the working electrode and the reference electrode form a three-electrode system; the alloy pipeline in the three-electrode system is an auxiliary electrode made of a titanium alloy material, the shape of a pipe section is adopted, the inner wall of the pipe section is coated with a metal oxide coating, the inner diameter of the pipe section is the same as that of a test pipeline, a screw is installed on the outer wall of the pipe section and connected with an electrochemical workstation, a screw hole is formed in the pipe wall of the alloy pipeline, a working electrode and a reference electrode penetrate through the screw hole and are fixed on the pipe wall of the alloy pipeline, the working surface of the working electrode is exposed in the alloy pipeline, and when the relative positions of the working surface of the working electrode and the inner wall of the alloy pipeline are in the same plane, the electrochemical information of the inner wall of the alloy pipeline or a simulated weld heat affected zone can be tested; when the working surface of the working electrode protrudes or sinks from the inner wall of the alloy pipeline, the special-shaped structure of the welding seam or defect of the inner wall of the alloy pipeline can be simulated, the electrochemical information under the scouring state can be tested, and the relative positions of the working surface of the reference electrode and the inner wall of the alloy pipeline are in the same plane.
2. The electrochemical erosion corrosion testing device for the special-shaped structure of the inner wall of the pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein one end of the alloy pipeline is a water inlet, the other end of the alloy pipeline is a water outlet, the inner wall of the alloy pipeline is provided with the coating, the outer wall of the alloy pipeline is provided with the electrode mounting base, the alloy pipeline is respectively connected with the working electrode, the auxiliary electrode connection rod and the reference electrode through the electrode mounting base, one end of the working electrode is exposed in the alloy pipeline as a working surface, the other end of the working electrode is connected with the working electrode connection rod, one end of the reference electrode is exposed in the alloy pipeline as a working surface, and the other end of the reference electrode is connected with the reference electrode connection rod.
3. The electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of the special-shaped structure on the inner wall of the pipeline as claimed in claim 2, wherein the alloy pipeline is used as an auxiliary electrode, a water pipeline and a reaction electrolytic cell; the coating is an IrTa metal oxide anode coating; the working electrode is processed into a column shape or a block shape and is sealed in a working electrode packaging part arranged in the electrode mounting seat, and the bottom of the working electrode is exposed out of the working surface of the working electrode; the reference electrode is a solid electrode comprising high-purity zinc and Ag/AgCl and is processed into a column shape to be sealed in a reference electrode packaging part arranged in the electrode mounting seat, and the bottom of the reference electrode is exposed out of the working surface of the reference electrode.
4. The electrochemical erosion corrosion testing device for the special-shaped structure of the inner wall of the pipeline as claimed in claim 3, wherein the working electrode packaging part and the reference electrode packaging part are both bolts or sleeves made of insulating materials.
5. The electrochemical testing device for erosion corrosion of the special-shaped structure on the inner wall of the pipeline as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in use, the electrochemical workstation, the medium circulation system, the temperature control system and the water flow velocimeter are respectively connected, wherein the medium circulation system can adjust the composition and the flow rate of the corrosive liquid, the temperature control system can adjust the temperature of the corrosive liquid, and the water flow velocimeter can monitor the flow rate of the corrosive liquid.
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