CN112901679A - Corrugated pipe for hydraulic retarder and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Corrugated pipe for hydraulic retarder and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112901679A CN112901679A CN202110165691.0A CN202110165691A CN112901679A CN 112901679 A CN112901679 A CN 112901679A CN 202110165691 A CN202110165691 A CN 202110165691A CN 112901679 A CN112901679 A CN 112901679A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
Abstract
The invention provides a corrugated pipe for a hydraulic retarder and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of high-precision parts. The structure and the processing method of the metal corrugated pipe in the conventional hydraulic retarder are used for solving the problem that the structure and the processing method of the metal corrugated pipe in the conventional hydraulic retarder are still improved. This bellows includes the body, and the body has 8 ~ 12 unanimous annular ripples of structural dimension and both ends and is the straight wall end interface, and the concrete size of body limits to be: the outer diameter D of the pipe body is 14-15 mm, the inner diameter D of the pipe body is 8.6-9.4 mm, the interface inner diameter D1 of the pipe body is 10.2-12.2 mm, the wave distance t of the pipe body is 1.4-1.8 mm, the wave thickness a of the pipe body is 0.84-1.12 mm, the interface length L1 of the pipe body is 1.66-2.24 mm, the effective length L0 of the pipe body is 11.5-13.3 mm, and the total length L of the pipe body is 15.5-17.5 mm; the wall thickness h0 of the corrugated pipe is 0.07-0.12 mm, and the rigidity value of the pipe body is 6-10N/mm. Compared with the prior art, the processing technology of the corrugated pipe for the hydraulic retarder is simple, and the processed product has excellent performances in all aspects, particularly pressure resistance and service life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-precision parts and relates to a corrugated pipe for a hydraulic retarder and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The hydraulic retarder is an automobile retarder which reduces the running speed of a vehicle through a hydraulic device. The automobile brake system mainly aims at the automobile brake mode in the market and mainly adopts the brake block to clamp the brake disc for speed reduction, and after the brake system is frequently used in a long downhill section, the brake effect is influenced due to the heating of the brake block and the brake disc, so that accidents are easily caused. In order to improve the phenomena, automobile manufacturers develop a hydraulic speed reducer of the automobile, which is an auxiliary braking device of the automobile and converts the huge inertia energy of the automobile into heat energy through liquid resistance, and then the heat energy is absorbed by a radiator and then is dissipated, thereby achieving the purposes of slowing and decelerating the automobile. The metal corrugated pipe is arranged in a control system of the hydraulic speed reducer, receives and bears pressure from the system, converts the pressure into displacement output, and finally plays a role in controlling the start and stop of the hydraulic speed reducer.
In the prior art, the metal corrugated pipe in the hydraulic retarder has great improvement on the strength and the manufacturing process, and the direction of research and exploration in the industry is always how to reduce the process and produce products with good performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the structure and the processing method of a metal corrugated pipe in the conventional hydraulic retarder still have improvement, and provides a corrugated pipe for the hydraulic retarder and a manufacturing method thereof.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a bellows for hydraulic retarder, includes the body of making through hydroforming by seamless pipe or having welding seam pipe, and the body has 8 ~ 12 structure size unanimous annular ripple and both ends and is the straight wall end interface, and its characterized in that, the concrete size limit of body is as: the outer diameter D of the pipe body is 14-15 mm, the inner diameter D of the pipe body is 8.6-9.4 mm, the interface inner diameter D1 of the pipe body is 10.2-12.2 mm, the wave distance t of the pipe body is 1.4-1.8 mm, the wave thickness a of the pipe body is 0.84-1.12 mm, the interface length L1 of the pipe body is 1.66-2.24 mm, the effective length L0 of the pipe body is 11.5-13.3 mm, and the total length L of the pipe body is 15.5-17.5 mm; the wall thickness h0 of the corrugated pipe is 0.07-0.12 mm, and the rigidity value of the pipe body is 6-10N/mm.
A manufacturing method of a corrugated pipe for a hydraulic retarder comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a flat base material made of stainless steel, and putting the flat base material into a punch press for blanking to form a tubular base material A;
step (2): taking a tubular base material A, putting the tubular base material A into a pipe reducing stretcher for multi-channel reducing stretching to form a tubular base material B with the inner diameter and the outer diameter smaller than those of the tubular base material A and the length longer than that of the tubular base material A; before each diameter-variable stretching operation is carried out on the tubular base material A, oil removal and heat treatment operations are required; the oil removing process comprises the following steps: putting the tubular base material A into an oil removal cage, and immersing the tubular base material A into an oil removal groove to remove oil; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: carrying out solution treatment on the stainless steel pipe blank in a vacuum furnace, keeping the stainless steel pipe blank at about 950 ℃ for a period of time, and carrying out gas quenching and cooling;
and (3): taking the tubular base material B, putting the tubular base material B into composite spinning equipment to perform multiple periodic spinning operations to obtain a tubular base material C with the inner diameter consistent with that of the tubular base material B, the thickness thinner than that of the tubular base material B and the length longer than that of the tubular base material B;
and (4): taking a tubular base material C, putting the tubular base material C into a hydraulic forming die, installing a plurality of die sheets and positioning wedges in a cavity of a rotary thinning device at periodic intervals, sealing the cavity of the hydraulic forming die with the outside, injecting hydraulic oil under the pressure of 6-8 MPa, and performing bulging and extrusion to obtain a semi-finished product A;
and (5): putting the semi-finished product A into an oil removing cage, and immersing the semi-finished product A into an oil removing groove to remove oil so as to ensure clean oil removal; then placing the semi-finished product A on a special edge cutting machine to cut off the waste edges, and reserving the waste edges at two ends to obtain a semi-finished product B;
and (6): boiling the semi-finished product B with liquid alkali for 3-4 hours to loosen a surface oxide layer of the semi-finished product B;
and (7): and (3) carrying out heat stabilization treatment on the semi-finished product B: preserving heat for 120-150 minutes in an environment with the temperature of 300 +/-5 ℃ to eliminate stress caused by the corrugated pipe in the previous working procedure, improve the organization structure of the corrugated pipe and stabilize the length and the size of the corrugated pipe to obtain a semi-finished product C;
and (8): cleaning a surface oxidation layer of the semi-finished product C by using mixed acid of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and then passivating the semi-finished product C by using chromic acid passivation solution to change the semi-finished product C into a semi-finished product D with a compact and bright anti-oxidation layer covered on the surface;
and (9): blowing the surface of the semi-finished product D by using a compressed air gun to obtain a semi-finished product E;
step (10): drying the semi-finished product E, controlling the temperature at 100-110 ℃, and continuing for 3-4 hours to obtain a semi-finished product F;
step (11): turning and polishing the interface of the semi-finished product F through a lathe and a grinding machine to obtain a semi-finished product G;
step (12): detecting leakage by using helium mass spectrometry, and detecting a semi-finished product G with the leakage rate of less than 1 x 10^8 Pa.m 3/s as a qualified product for detecting leakage;
step (13): carrying out an aging test on the qualified product for leak detection, keeping the temperature at 300 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, wherein the qualified product for leak detection with clean inner and outer surfaces is the qualified product for the aging test;
step (14): and (4) observing the qualified product of the aging test by naked eyes, wherein the corrugated pipe finished product has no obvious appearance defect.
In the above manufacturing method of the corrugated pipe for the hydraulic retarder, the profiling mold comprises a plurality of templates and positioning wedges which are periodically arranged at intervals, a through hole with the same outer diameter as the tubular substrate D is formed in the center of each template, cavity holes with the caliber sizes larger than the through hole are further formed in two end faces of each template, so that the through holes are in a stepped shape with small middle end calibers and large two end calibers, the middle end of each through hole is used for forming the wave trough of the corrugated pipe, and the whole cavity formed by the mutually-oriented cavity holes of the two adjacent templates and the positioning wedges between the two adjacent templates is used for forming the wave crest of the corrugated pipe.
In the above manufacturing method of the corrugated pipe for the hydraulic retarder, the composite rotary thinning device includes a frame body, a plurality of limiting rods fixedly arranged on the frame body, an upper base arranged on the limiting rods in a lifting manner, a lower base fixedly arranged on the frame body and vertically aligned with the upper base, a rotary table rotatably arranged on the upper base, 8 core rods distributed below the rotary table at equal intervals in a circumferential manner, and 8 rotary thinning devices arranged above the lower base at equal intervals in a circumferential manner and used for completing rotary thinning operation, wherein the rotary thinning devices are vertically aligned with the core rods one by one in the working process; the frame body is also symmetrically and fixedly provided with two vertical frames, the vertical frames are provided with magnetic positioning bodies, the two magnetic positioning bodies are symmetrically arranged in an opposite direction, the peripheral wall of the rotary table is provided with 8 magnetic-attracting positioning bodies at equal intervals, when the magnetic positioning bodies and the magnetic-attracting positioning bodies are positioned at the same height, the magnetic positioning bodies can be aligned with the adjacent magnetic-attracting positioning bodies, the frame body is also fixedly provided with a side frame, the side frame is provided with a periodic operation component, a lifting gearbox and a rotary gearbox, the end part of an output shaft of the lifting gearbox is connected with a vertically arranged lead screw, the lead screw is connected with the upper base in a threaded manner, the lead screw is used for driving the upper base to lift after positive and negative rotation, the output shaft of the rotary gearbox is connected with a rotary driving gear, the rotary table is rotatably connected with the upper base through a rotary shaft, the bottom of the rotary shaft is fixedly arranged on the rotary, the rotary driving mechanism comprises a rotary base, a rotary driven gear, a side frame and a periodic operation component, wherein a circle of annular groove is arranged in the through hole, a circle of outer ring is arranged on the rotary shaft and is positioned in the annular groove so as to realize the relative height fixation between the upper base and the rotary table, the rotary driving gear is in butt joint meshing with the rotary driven gear when the upper base moves to the highest position, and the periodic operation component can realize four steps of forward rotation of a screw rod, rotation of the rotary driving gear, reverse rotation of the screw rod and neutral gear in a.
Compared with the prior art, the processing technology of the corrugated pipe for the hydraulic retarder is simple, and the processed product has excellent performances in all aspects, particularly pressure resistance and service life; in addition, the composite rotary thinning equipment is adopted to manufacture the tube blank, the precision of a finished product is higher, and the machining efficiency is higher than that of the prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a tube;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite spinning apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a driving shaft, a forward rotation gear, a rotation gear, and a reverse rotation gear;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a profiling mold;
in the figure, 1, a frame body; 2. a limiting rod; 3. an upper base; 4. a lower base; 5. a turntable; 6. a core bar; 7. a thinning device; 8. erecting a frame; 9. a magnetic positioning body; 10. a magnetic attraction positioning body; 11. a side frame; 12. a cyclically operating member; 13. a lifting gearbox; 14. rotating the gearbox; 15. a screw rod; 16. rotating the driven gear; 17. a drive element; 18. driving a gearbox; 19. a drive shaft body; 20. a forward rotation gear; 21. a rotating gear; 22. a counter gear; 23. a tooth body; 24. a rotary drive gear; 25. a template; 26. positioning a wedge; 27. a through hole; 28. a cavity bore.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the corrugated pipe for the hydraulic retarder comprises a pipe body which is made of a seamless pipe blank or a pipe blank with a welded seam through hydraulic forming, wherein the pipe body is provided with 8-12 annular corrugations with consistent structural sizes, two ends of the pipe body are provided with straight wall end interfaces, and the specific sizes of the pipe body are defined as follows: the outer diameter D of the pipe body is 14-15 mm, the inner diameter D of the pipe body is 8.6-9.4 mm, the interface inner diameter D1 of the pipe body is 10.2-12.2 mm, the wave distance t of the pipe body is 1.4-1.8 mm, the wave thickness a of the pipe body is 0.84-1.12 mm, the interface length L1 of the pipe body is 1.66-2.24 mm, the effective length L0 of the pipe body is 11.5-13.3 mm, and the total length L of the pipe body is 15.5-17.5 mm; the wall thickness h0 of the corrugated pipe is 0.07-0.12 mm, and the rigidity value of the pipe body is 6-10N/mm.
A manufacturing method of a corrugated pipe for a hydraulic retarder comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a flat base material made of stainless steel, and putting the flat base material into a punch press for blanking to form a tubular base material A;
step (2): taking a tubular base material A, putting the tubular base material A into a pipe reducing stretcher for multi-channel reducing stretching to form a tubular base material B with the inner diameter and the outer diameter smaller than those of the tubular base material A and the length longer than that of the tubular base material A; before each diameter-variable stretching operation is carried out on the tubular base material A, oil removal and heat treatment operations are required; the oil removing process comprises the following steps: putting the tubular base material A into an oil removal cage, and immersing the tubular base material A into an oil removal groove to remove oil; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: carrying out solution treatment on the stainless steel pipe blank in a vacuum furnace, keeping the stainless steel pipe blank at about 950 ℃ for a period of time, and carrying out gas quenching and cooling;
after oil removal, the tubular base material A has no paint film and alkali liquor adhesion, has no greasy feeling, and has no white alkali cream adhesion on the dried tubular base material A;
after heat treatment, the tubular base material A can obtain a uniform austenite structure, so that alloy elements are fully dissolved, and the corrosion resistance of the material is improved;
and (3): taking the tubular base material B, putting the tubular base material B into composite spinning equipment to perform multiple periodic spinning operations to obtain a tubular base material C with the inner diameter consistent with that of the tubular base material B, the thickness thinner than that of the tubular base material B and the length longer than that of the tubular base material B;
and (4): taking a tubular base material C, putting the tubular base material C into a hydraulic forming die, installing a plurality of die sheets and positioning wedges in a cavity of a rotary thinning device at periodic intervals, sealing the cavity of the hydraulic forming die with the outside, injecting hydraulic oil under the pressure of 6-8 MPa, and performing bulging and extrusion to obtain a semi-finished product A;
and (5): putting the semi-finished product A into an oil removing cage, and immersing the semi-finished product A into an oil removing groove to remove oil so as to ensure clean oil removal; then placing the semi-finished product A on a special edge cutting machine to cut off the waste edges, and reserving the waste edges at two ends to obtain a semi-finished product B;
and (6): boiling the semi-finished product B with liquid alkali for 3-4 hours to loosen a surface oxide layer of the semi-finished product B;
and (7): and (3) carrying out heat stabilization treatment on the semi-finished product B: preserving heat for 120-150 minutes in an environment with the temperature of 300 +/-5 ℃ to eliminate stress caused by the corrugated pipe in the previous working procedure, improve the organization structure of the corrugated pipe and stabilize the length and the size of the corrugated pipe to obtain a semi-finished product C;
and (8): cleaning a surface oxidation layer of the semi-finished product C by using mixed acid of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and then passivating the semi-finished product C by using chromic acid passivation solution to change the semi-finished product C into a semi-finished product D with a compact and bright anti-oxidation layer covered on the surface;
and (9): blowing the surface of the semi-finished product D by using a compressed air gun to obtain a semi-finished product E;
step (10): drying the semi-finished product E, controlling the temperature at 100-110 ℃, and continuing for 3-4 hours to obtain a semi-finished product F;
step (11): turning and polishing the interface of the semi-finished product F through a lathe and a grinding machine to obtain a semi-finished product G;
step (12): detecting leakage by using helium mass spectrometry, and detecting a semi-finished product G with the leakage rate of less than 1 x 10^8 Pa.m 3/s as a qualified product for detecting leakage;
step (13): carrying out an aging test on the qualified product for leak detection, keeping the temperature at 300 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, wherein the qualified product for leak detection with clean inner and outer surfaces is the qualified product for the aging test;
step (14): and (4) observing the qualified product of the aging test by naked eyes, wherein the corrugated pipe finished product has no obvious appearance defect.
As shown in fig. 4, the profiling mold comprises a plurality of mold plates 25 and positioning wedges 26 arranged at intervals, a through hole 27 with the same outer diameter as the tubular substrate C is formed in the center of each mold plate 25, cavity holes 28 with the caliber size larger than that of the through hole 27 are further formed in two end faces of each mold plate 25, so that the through hole 27 is in a stepped shape with a small middle caliber and large calibers at two ends, the middle end of each through hole 27 is used for forming a wave trough of the corrugated pipe, and an integral cavity formed by the mutually-facing cavity holes 28 of the two adjacent mold plates 25 and the positioning wedges 26 between the two mold plates is used for forming a wave crest of.
During molding, the template 25 and the positioning wedge 26 are installed at periodic intervals, the tubular substrate C is placed into the template, the cavity of the hydraulic molding die is sealed from the outside, hydraulic oil is introduced into the tube for punching the tubular substrate C, and the tubular substrate C is extruded to expand outwards after reaching a sufficient pressure value, so that the tubular substrate C expands towards the inside of the whole cavity to form a corrugated tube shape.
After the corrugated pipe is formed, certain stress can be formed on the corrugated part, the use strength needs to be improved, the residual stress of a product needs to be thoroughly eliminated, the residual internal stress of the corrugated pipe is thoroughly eliminated by the aid of a high-temperature short-time stress removal mode in the process, and the product performance and the strength are stabilized.
As shown in fig. 2, the composite rotary thinning apparatus includes a frame body 1, a plurality of limiting rods 2 fixedly arranged on the frame body 1, an upper base 3 arranged on the limiting rods 2 in a lifting manner, a lower base 4 fixedly arranged on the frame body 1 and vertically aligned with the upper base 3, a rotary table 5 rotatably arranged on the upper base 3, 8 core rods 6 distributed below the rotary table 5 at equal intervals and circumferentially, 8 rotary thinning devices 7 arranged above the lower base 4 at equal intervals and used for finishing rotary thinning operation, and the rotary thinning devices 7 and the core rods 6 are vertically aligned one by one in the working process.
The pipe carries through external vibrations dish, can be in the first station in 8 stations after advancing certain guide effect, need tentatively push down the core bar 6 of this station department this moment, can carry out tensile work after the heating, then follow because the tensile technology of multichannel, the mould die cavity that needs the difference at every turn is tensile, so this design has adopted 8 differences to revolve thin device 7 and accomplish these processes.
Compared with the traditional method of completing positioning by adopting a guide rod and a guide sleeve, the method firstly optimizes the positioning mode as follows:
still the symmetry is fixed to be equipped with two grudging posts 8 on the support body 1, is equipped with magnetism locating body 9 on the grudging post 8, and two magnetism locating bodies 9 symmetry are towards setting up, and the circumference of the equal interval of perisporium of carousel 5 is provided with 8 and inhales magnetism locating body 10, and magnetism locating body 9 can align with adjacent magnetism locating body 10 of inhaling when magnetism locating body 9 is in under the same height with inhaling magnetism locating body 10.
Every time the rotating disc 5 rotates 45 degrees, the magnetic positioning bodies 9 can adsorb the magnetic positioning bodies 10 adjacent to the magnetic positioning bodies to the nearest positions of the magnetic positioning bodies in very rapid time, and after the two magnetic positioning bodies 9 and the magnetic positioning bodies 10 nearest to the magnetic positioning bodies 9 are positioned on the same straight line, very accurate positioning is completed, positioning precision is high, efficiency is high, and the technology is greatly improved compared with the prior art.
In order to simplify a plurality of driving components and a numerical control system, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
as shown in fig. 2, a side frame 11 is further fixed on the frame body 1, a periodic operation component 12, a lifting gearbox 13 and a rotary gearbox 14 are arranged on the side frame 11, an output shaft end of the lifting gearbox 13 is connected with a vertically arranged screw rod 15, the screw rod 15 is connected with the upper base 3 in a threaded manner, the screw rod 15 is used for driving the upper base 3 to lift after positive and negative rotation, an output shaft of the rotary gearbox 14 is connected with a rotary driving gear 24, the rotary table 5 is rotatably connected with the upper base 3 through a rotating shaft, the bottom of the rotating shaft is fixedly arranged on the rotary table 5, a through hole is arranged on the upper base 3, the rotary table 5 passes through the through hole, a rotary driven gear 16 is arranged at the top end of the rotary table, a ring groove is arranged in the through hole, a ring outer ring is arranged on the rotating shaft, the outer ring is arranged in the ring groove to realize the relative height fixation between the upper base 3, the side frame 11 is also provided with a periodic operating component 12, and the periodic operating component 12 can realize four steps of forward rotation of the screw rod 15, rotation of the rotary driving gear 24, reverse rotation of the screw rod 15 and neutral gear in one driving period.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the lifting gearbox 13 has two input shafts and an output shaft, and the output shaft outputs two forms of forward rotation and reverse rotation when the two input shafts of the lifting gearbox 13 input forward rotation force.
The periodic operation component 12 comprises a driving element 17 fixedly arranged, a driving gearbox 18 butted with the driving element 17, a driving shaft body 19 butted with an output shaft of the driving gearbox 18, a forward rotation gear 20 fixedly sleeved on one input shaft of the lifting gearbox 13, a rotation gear 21 fixedly sleeved on an input shaft of the rotation gearbox 14 and a reverse rotation gear 22 fixedly sleeved on the other input shaft of the lifting gearbox 13.
The forward rotation gear 20, the rotation gear 21 and the reverse rotation gear 22 are positioned on different parallel planes, a plurality of tooth bodies 23 are arranged on the side wall of the driving shaft body 19, the angular interval between two edge tooth bodies 23 is 90 degrees, and the height of the tooth bodies 23 crosses the plane where the forward rotation gear 20, the rotation gear 21 and the reverse rotation gear 22 are positioned and can be meshed with the forward rotation gear 20, the rotation gear 21 and the reverse rotation gear 22.
The plane where the rotation axis of the normal rotation gear 20 and the rotation axis of the drive shaft body 19 are located is defined as an a plane, the plane where the rotation axis of the rotation gear 21 and the rotation axis of the drive shaft body 19 are located is defined as a B plane, and the plane where the rotation axis of the reverse rotation gear 22 and the rotation axis of the drive shaft body 19 are located is defined as a C plane, so that the a plane and the B plane are perpendicular to each other, the B plane and the C plane are perpendicular to each other, and the a plane and the C plane are in the same plane.
After the driving shaft 19 rotates one revolution: the driving shaft body 19 firstly drives the forward rotation gear 20 to rotate 90 degrees and then to be separated from the forward rotation gear, then drives the rotation gear 21 to rotate 90 degrees and then to be separated from the forward rotation gear, then drives the reverse rotation gear 22 to rotate 90 degrees and then to be separated from the reverse rotation gear, and finally idles for 90 degrees and then to be separated from the forward rotation gear, the reverse rotation gear and the reverse rotation gear; after the forward rotation gear 20 rotates by 90 degrees, the screw rod 15 drives the upper base 3 to move from the lowest position to the highest position through the action of the lifting gearbox 13 so as to move the workpiece out of the station, after the rotation gear 21 rotates by 90 degrees, the rotating shaft drives the rotating disc 5 to rotate by 45 degrees through the action of the rotating gearbox 14, and after the reverse rotation gear 22 rotates by 90 degrees, the screw rod 15 drives the upper base 3 to move from the highest position to the lowest position through the action of the lifting gearbox 13 so as to move the workpiece into the station.
The technical scheme can be seen from the following steps in combination with the accompanying drawings: the invention only adopts the driving element 17 as the only driving source, and the driving element 17 can simply adopt a common motor, and does not need a servo motor to be matched with numerical control, only the driving element 17 is required to be consistently under the opening action, the driving element 17 can reduce the rotating speed of the power passing through the driving gearbox 18 and then transmit the power to the driving shaft body 19, the driving shaft body 19 can sequentially transmit the power to the forward rotation gear 20, the rotating gear 21 and the reverse rotation gear 22 in a periodic interval terrain mode, and then the rotating device 7 stretches the workpiece in the next step through idle running for a certain time (the rotating device is separated from the forward rotation gear 20, the rotating gear 21 and the reverse rotation gear 22), so that the operation of one period is completed, and the whole working process is described in detail as follows:
firstly, the driving shaft body 19 rotates to drive the forward rotation gear 20 to rotate, in the process, the forward rotation gear 20 transmits power to the lifting gearbox 13, finally, the screw rod 15 rotates forwards to drive the upper base 3 to be lifted, meanwhile, workpieces are lifted synchronously, when the upper base 3 is lifted to the highest position, the driving shaft body 19 is separated from the forward rotation gear 20, and the rotary driving gear 24 and the rotary driven gear 16 are connected in an abutting mode in the state;
secondly, the driving shaft body 19 is completely separated from the forward rotation gear 20 and is in butt joint with the rotating gear 21 to drive the rotating gear to rotate, in the process, the rotating gear 21 transmits power and power to the rotating gearbox 14, finally, the rotating disc 5 is driven to rotate through mutual driving of the rotating driving gear 24 and the rotating driven gear 16, and when the driving shaft body 19 is separated from the rotating gear 21, the rotating disc 5 rotates by 45 degrees and is switched to one station;
thirdly, the driving shaft body 19 is completely separated from the rotating gear 21 and is in butt joint with the counter gear 22 to drive the driving shaft body to rotate, in the process, the counter gear 22 transmits power to the lifting gearbox 13, finally, the screw rod 15 is enabled to rotate reversely to drive the upper base 3 to descend, meanwhile, the workpiece descends synchronously, when the upper base 3 descends to the lowest position, the workpiece enters the next thin rotating device 7, and at the moment, the driving shaft body 19 is separated from the counter gear 22;
the fourth step is to drive the shaft 19 to idle, and not to abut against any one of the forward rotation gear 20, the rotation gear 21, and the reverse rotation gear 22, so that the workpiece is already located in the spinning device 7, and the workpiece will be stretched while the driving shaft 19 rotates.
The next four steps are repeated periodically to complete each stretching process.
Therefore, the four-step operation is continuous, the end of each step can automatically enter the next step, the process is indirect, the driving part and the numerical control system are simplified, and the processing benefit is better.
Both input shafts of the lifting gearbox 13 are provided with ratchet mechanisms, so that the reverse rotation of the reverse rotation gear 22 is not influenced when the forward rotation gear 20 rotates, and the reverse rotation of the forward rotation gear 20 is not influenced when the reverse rotation gear 22 rotates.
In addition, the lifting gearbox 13, the rotating gearbox 14 and the driving gearbox 18 are well-established prior art, and the invention does not additionally describe the operation mechanism of the lifting gearbox, the rotating gearbox and the driving gearbox.
The pipe blank obtained by the composite rotary thinning equipment is more accurate in positioning, so that the obtained precision can be greatly improved, the machining process is coherent and efficient, and the production efficiency of the corrugated pipe is improved.
It is to be understood that in the claims, the specification of the present invention, all "including … …" are to be interpreted in an open-ended sense, i.e., in a sense equivalent to "including at least … …", and not in a closed sense, i.e., in a sense not to be interpreted as "including only … …".
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a bellows for hydraulic retarder, includes the body of making through hydroforming by seamless pipe or having welding seam pipe, and the body has 8 ~ 12 structure size unanimous annular ripple and both ends and is the straight wall end interface, and its characterized in that, the concrete size limit of body is as: the outer diameter D of the pipe body is 14-15 mm, the inner diameter D of the pipe body is 8.6-9.4 mm, the interface inner diameter D1 of the pipe body is 10.2-12.2 mm, the wave distance t of the pipe body is 1.4-1.8 mm, the wave thickness a of the pipe body is 0.84-1.12 mm, the interface length L1 of the pipe body is 1.66-2.24 mm, the effective length L0 of the pipe body is 11.5-13.3 mm, and the total length L of the pipe body is 15.5-17.5 mm; the wall thickness h0 of the corrugated pipe is 0.07-0.12 mm, and the rigidity value of the pipe body is 6-10N/mm.
2. A manufacturing method of a corrugated pipe for a hydraulic retarder comprises the following steps:
step (1): selecting a flat base material made of stainless steel, and putting the flat base material into a punch press for blanking to form a tubular base material A;
step (2): taking a tubular base material A, putting the tubular base material A into a pipe reducing stretcher for multi-channel reducing stretching to form a tubular base material B with the inner diameter and the outer diameter smaller than those of the tubular base material A and the length longer than that of the tubular base material A; before each diameter-variable stretching operation is carried out on the tubular base material A, oil removal and heat treatment operations are required; the oil removing process comprises the following steps: putting the tubular base material A into an oil removal cage, and immersing the tubular base material A into an oil removal groove to remove oil; the heat treatment process comprises the following steps: carrying out solution treatment on the stainless steel pipe blank in a vacuum furnace, keeping the stainless steel pipe blank at about 950 ℃ for a period of time, and carrying out gas quenching and cooling;
and (3): taking the tubular base material B, putting the tubular base material B into composite spinning equipment to perform multiple periodic spinning operations to obtain a tubular base material C with the inner diameter consistent with that of the tubular base material B, the thickness thinner than that of the tubular base material B and the length longer than that of the tubular base material B;
and (4): taking a tubular base material C, putting the tubular base material C into a hydraulic forming die, installing a plurality of die sheets and positioning wedges (26) into a cavity of a spinning device at periodic intervals, sealing the cavity of the hydraulic forming die from the outside, injecting hydraulic oil under the pressure of 6-8 MPa, and performing bulging and extrusion to obtain a semi-finished product A;
and (5): putting the semi-finished product A into an oil removing cage, and immersing the semi-finished product A into an oil removing groove to remove oil so as to ensure clean oil removal; then placing the semi-finished product A on a special edge cutting machine to cut off the waste edges, and reserving the waste edges at two ends to obtain a semi-finished product B;
and (6): boiling the semi-finished product B with liquid alkali for 3-4 hours to loosen a surface oxide layer of the semi-finished product B;
and (7): and (3) carrying out heat stabilization treatment on the semi-finished product B: preserving heat for 120-150 minutes in an environment with the temperature of 300 +/-5 ℃ to eliminate stress caused by the corrugated pipe in the previous working procedure, improve the organization structure of the corrugated pipe and stabilize the length and the size of the corrugated pipe to obtain a semi-finished product C;
and (8): cleaning a surface oxidation layer of the semi-finished product C by using mixed acid of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, and then passivating the semi-finished product C by using chromic acid passivation solution to change the semi-finished product C into a semi-finished product D with a compact and bright anti-oxidation layer covered on the surface;
and (9): blowing the surface of the semi-finished product D by using a compressed air gun to obtain a semi-finished product E;
step (10): drying the semi-finished product E, controlling the temperature at 100-110 ℃, and continuing for 3-4 hours to obtain a semi-finished product F;
step (11): turning and polishing the interface of the semi-finished product F through a lathe and a grinding machine to obtain a semi-finished product G;
step (12): detecting leakage by using helium mass spectrometry, and detecting a semi-finished product G with the leakage rate of less than 1 x 10^8 Pa.m 3/s as a qualified product for detecting leakage;
step (13): carrying out an aging test on the qualified product for leak detection, keeping the temperature at 300 +/-10 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 1-2 hours, wherein the qualified product for leak detection with clean inner and outer surfaces is the qualified product for the aging test;
step (14): and (4) observing the qualified product of the aging test by naked eyes, wherein the corrugated pipe finished product has no obvious appearance defect.
3. The method of manufacturing a bellows for a hydraulic retarder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the profiling mold comprises a plurality of templates (25) and positioning wedges (26) which are periodically arranged at intervals, a through hole (27) which is consistent with the outer diameter of a tubular substrate D is formed in the center of each template (25), cavity holes (28) with caliber sizes larger than those of the through holes (27) are further formed in two end faces of each template (25), the through holes (27) are in a step shape with small middle end calibers and large two end calibers, the middle ends of the through holes (27) are used for forming wave troughs of corrugated pipes, and the cavity holes (28) towards each other of the two adjacent templates (25) and the whole cavity formed by the positioning wedges (26) between the two adjacent templates are used for forming wave crests of the corrugated pipes.
4. The method of manufacturing a bellows for a hydraulic retarder as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the composite rotary thinning equipment comprises a frame body (1), a plurality of limiting rods (2) fixedly arranged on the frame body (1), an upper base (3) arranged on the limiting rods (2) in a lifting mode, a lower base (4) fixedly arranged on the frame body (1) and vertically aligned with the upper base (3), a rotary table (5) rotatably arranged on the upper base (3), 8 core rods (6) distributed below the rotary table (5) at equal intervals in a circumferential mode, and 8 rotary thinning devices (7) arranged above the lower base (4) at equal intervals in a circumferential mode and used for completing rotary thinning operation, wherein the number of the rotary thinning devices (7) and the number of the core rods (6) are vertically aligned one by one in the working process, and the rotary thinning devices (7) are used for stretching a blank; the frame body (1) is further symmetrically and fixedly provided with two vertical frames (8), the vertical frames (8) are provided with magnetic positioning bodies (9), the two magnetic positioning bodies (9) are arranged in a symmetrical direction, the peripheral wall of the rotary table (5) is provided with 8 magnetic absorption positioning bodies (10) at equal intervals, and when the magnetic positioning bodies (9) and the magnetic absorption positioning bodies (10) are positioned at the same height, the magnetic positioning bodies (9) can be aligned with the adjacent magnetic absorption positioning bodies (10); a side frame (11) is fixedly arranged on the frame body (1), a periodic operation component (12), a lifting gearbox (13) and a rotary gearbox (14) are arranged on the side frame (11), a vertically arranged screw rod (15) is connected to the end part of an output shaft of the lifting gearbox (13), the screw rod (15) is connected with the upper base (3) in a threaded manner, the screw rod (15) is used for driving the upper base (3) to lift after rotating forwards and backwards, a rotary driving gear (24) is connected to the output shaft of the rotary gearbox (14), the rotary disc (5) is rotatably connected with the upper base (3) through a rotating shaft, the bottom of the rotating shaft is fixedly arranged on the rotary disc (5), a through hole is formed in the upper base (3), the rotary disc (5) penetrates through the through hole, a rotary driven gear (16) is arranged at the top end of the rotary disc, a ring groove is formed in the through hole, a ring groove is formed in the rotating shaft, an outer ring, when the upper base (3) moves to the highest position, the rotary driving gear (24) is in butt joint engagement with the rotary driven gear (16), a periodic operating component (12) is further arranged on the side frame (11), and the periodic operating component (12) can realize four steps of forward rotation of the screw rod (15), rotation of the rotary driving gear (24), reverse rotation of the screw rod (15) and neutral gear in one driving period.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN117020591A (en) * | 2023-10-08 | 2023-11-10 | 江苏省埃迪机电设备实业有限公司 | Corrugated pipe assembly and preparation method thereof |
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