CN112893890A - Air supporting main shaft and lathe - Google Patents
Air supporting main shaft and lathe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112893890A CN112893890A CN202110170437.XA CN202110170437A CN112893890A CN 112893890 A CN112893890 A CN 112893890A CN 202110170437 A CN202110170437 A CN 202110170437A CN 112893890 A CN112893890 A CN 112893890A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- assembly
- air
- bearing
- thrust bearing
- spindle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an air-float main shaft and a lathe, comprising: a body assembly; the shaft core assembly is supported on the machine body assembly through a bearing assembly, a ball head is arranged at the lower end of the shaft core assembly, a flying disc is arranged above the ball head of the shaft core assembly, and the flying disc is connected with the ball head through a cylindrical surface extending along the axial direction; the bearing assembly comprises an air floatation bearing assembly and a thrust bearing, the air floatation bearing assembly is provided with a spherical surface portion matched with the ball head, a cylindrical surface portion matched with the cylindrical surface and a flange portion matched with the lower end face of the flying disc, air outlet holes are formed in the spherical surface portion, the cylindrical surface portion and the flange portion of the air floatation bearing assembly, the thrust bearing is supported on the upper end face of the flying disc, and the thrust bearing comprises a thrust bearing seat and a rolling body. The radial precision of the air bearing and the axial rigidity of the thrust bearing structure are both considered, and the air bearing is suitable for occasions requiring large bearing capacity and large overturning moment while ensuring ultra-precision machining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention is used in the field of turning, and particularly relates to an air-floating spindle and a lathe.
Background
Because of the error homogenization phenomenon of the air-floating main shaft, low friction and low loss, the air-floating main shaft becomes one of the best carriers for realizing ultra-precision machining. In the process of lathe machining, due to the fact that machining feeding amount is large, extremely high requirements are often put on axial rigidity and bearing capacity of a workpiece shaft. However, most of ultra-precise air-floating main shafts have insufficient bearing capacity, which greatly affects the processing efficiency and the processing range and is difficult to be used as a lathe workpiece shaft.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides an air-floating main shaft and a lathe, which have the advantages that the radial precision of an air-floating bearing and the axial rigidity of a thrust bearing structure are considered, the ultra-precision machining is ensured, and meanwhile, the air-floating main shaft and the lathe are also suitable for occasions requiring large bearing capacity and large overturning moment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
in a first aspect, an air spindle comprises:
a body assembly;
the shaft core assembly is supported on the machine body assembly through a bearing assembly, a ball head is arranged at the lower end of the shaft core assembly, a flying disc is arranged above the ball head of the shaft core assembly, and the flying disc is connected with the ball head through a cylindrical surface extending along the axial direction;
the bearing assembly comprises an air floatation bearing assembly and a thrust bearing, the air floatation bearing assembly is provided with a spherical surface portion matched with the ball head, a cylindrical surface portion matched with the cylindrical surface and a flange portion matched with the lower end face of the flying disc, air outlet holes are formed in the spherical surface portion, the cylindrical surface portion and the flange portion of the air floatation bearing assembly, the thrust bearing is supported on the upper end face of the flying disc, and the thrust bearing comprises a thrust bearing seat and a rolling body.
With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the spherical portion of the air bearing assembly is provided with a shaft hole, and the ball head of the shaft core assembly is provided with an output shaft, and the output shaft penetrates through the shaft hole.
With reference to the first aspect and the implementations described above, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the output shaft is provided with a threaded interface.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the air bearing assembly is embedded in an inner hole of the machine body assembly, and the machine body assembly is provided with an air passage communicated with the air outlet hole.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the thrust bearing seat is provided with a ball raceway, and the thrust bearing further includes a retainer, which is connected to the thrust bearing seat and limits the rolling element between the thrust bearing seat and the flying disc.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, the motor assembly further includes a motor assembly located above the thrust bearing, where the motor assembly includes a stator and a rotor, the stator is disposed on the machine body assembly, and the rotor is disposed on the shaft core assembly.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in some implementation manners of the first aspect, a top cover assembly is disposed at an upper end of the machine body assembly, and the top cover assembly closes an inner hole at a top end of the machine body assembly.
With reference to the first aspect and the foregoing implementation manners, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the block assembly is provided with a cooling medium flow passage.
In a second aspect, a lathe comprises the air spindle according to any one of the implementation manners of the first aspect.
One of the above technical solutions has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects: the bearing capacity, the bearing rigidity and the processing precision of the air floatation main shaft are obviously improved, wherein a spherical surface part, a cylindrical surface part and a flange part of the air floatation bearing assembly form a three-support type bearing group structure, and the three-support type bearing group structure and the air floatation-thrust bearing combined type motion structure ensure that the bearing capacity and the bearing rigidity of the main shaft are greatly improved on one hand, and enable a lathe workpiece shaft to obtain extremely high processing precision on the other hand, so that the processing effect of grinding by lathing and belt grinding is achieved. The radial precision of the air bearing and the axial rigidity of the thrust bearing structure are both considered, and the air bearing is suitable for occasions requiring large bearing capacity and large overturning moment while ensuring ultra-precision machining.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air spindle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the present invention, if directions (up, down, left, right, front, and rear) are described, it is only for convenience of describing the technical solution of the present invention, and it is not intended or implied that the technical features referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, it is not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise specifically limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate; can be fixedly connected, can also be detachably connected and can also be integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be capable of communicating with each other; either as communication within the two elements or as an interactive relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above-mentioned words in the present invention can be reasonably determined by those skilled in the art in combination with the detailed contents of the technical solutions.
Fig. 1 shows a reference direction coordinate system of an embodiment of the present invention, and the following describes an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the directions shown in fig. 1.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air-floating spindle, including a machine body assembly 1 and a spindle assembly 2, where the spindle assembly 2 is supported on the machine body assembly 1 through a bearing assembly, a ball 21 is disposed at a lower end of the spindle assembly 2, the ball 21 forms a dome at the lower end of the spindle assembly, a flying disc 22 is disposed above the ball 21 of the spindle assembly 2, and the flying disc 22 is connected to the ball 21 through a cylindrical surface extending in an axial direction. The air-floating main shaft outputs power at the front end, and the air-floating main shaft can be connected with cutters such as turning tools and the like at the front end as required so as to realize the machining such as turning.
Referring to fig. 1, the bearing assembly includes an air bearing assembly 3 and a thrust bearing 4, the air bearing assembly 3 has a spherical portion 31 matched with the ball head 21, a cylindrical portion 32 matched with the cylindrical surface, and a flange portion 33 matched with the lower end surface of the flying disc 22, the spherical portion 31, the cylindrical portion 32, and the flange portion 33 of the air bearing assembly 3 are all provided with air outlets, the spherical portion 31 and the cylindrical portion 32 are in transitional connection to form an inner cavity with a U-shaped cross section, and the spherical portion 31, the cylindrical portion 32, and the flange portion 33 of the air bearing assembly 3 form a three-support bearing assembly structure, which can provide radial and axial support force for the shaft center assembly. Thrust bearing 4 is supported on the upper end surface of flying disc 22, and thrust bearing 4 includes thrust bearing seat 41 and rolling elements 42.
Through external air supply, high-pressure pure air enters the air-floating bearing assembly 3, the shaft core assembly 2 is suspended by the upper supporting surface and the lower supporting surface of the U-shaped air-floating bearing assembly 3 and props against the thrust bearing 4, the rolling bodies 42 are arranged on the thrust bearing 4 and support the shaft core assembly 2 together with the air-floating bearing assembly 3, and the shaft core assembly 2 can freely run under the driving of a motor.
The air-floating main shaft is mainly applied to a workpiece shaft in lathe machining, has the characteristics of high precision (the turning surface roughness is less than 10nm, and the radial rotation precision is less than 12.5 nm), large bearing capacity (the axial bearing capacity is more than 5000N), high rigidity (the axial rigidity is more than 800 N.m), high overturning moment and the like, and ensures that the turning machining can reach the grinding precision (the roundness is less than 0.2 um) by the high rotation precision of the main shaft. Compared with the traditional lathe machining, the ultra-precision air-floating spindle has the characteristics of ultra-high machining precision, can achieve the machining effect of turning instead of grinding, has higher bearing capacity and rigidity compared with other ultra-precision air-floating spindles, and can greatly enlarge the machining range of the air-floating spindle.
Referring to fig. 1, the spherical part 31 of the air bearing assembly 3 is provided with a shaft hole, the ball 21 of the spindle assembly 2 is provided with an output shaft 23, the output shaft 23 is coaxial with the spindle assembly 2, the output shaft 23 penetrates out of the shaft hole, and the output shaft 23 can be connected with a turning tool. For example, in some embodiments, the output shaft 23 is provided with a threaded interface for connection to a lathe work piece to complete the turning process.
The external air source may be directly introduced into the air bearing assembly 3, or may be introduced into the air bearing assembly 3 through an air passage of the machine body assembly 1, for example, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the air bearing assembly 3 is embedded in an inner hole of the machine body assembly 1, and the machine body assembly 1 is provided with an air passage 11 communicated with the air outlet hole. The high-pressure pure air source enters the spherical part 31, the cylindrical part 32 and the flange part 33 of the air bearing assembly 3 through the air passage 11 respectively, and the air flow supports the shaft core assembly 2 through the porous bearing.
Referring to fig. 1, thrust bearing housing 41 is provided with ball tracks, and thrust bearing 4 further includes a cage which is connected to thrust bearing housing 41 and uniformly confines rolling elements 42 between thrust bearing housing 41 and flying disc 22. The rolling body 42 rolls in the retainer groove, and the rolling body 42 supports the other surface of the shaft core assembly flying disc 22 to ensure the free running of the shaft core. If necessary, ball raceways that cooperate with the rolling bodies 42 may also be provided on the upper surface of the flying disc 22. According to the embodiment of the invention, the thrust bearing 4 with the raceway structure is formed by the thrust bearing seat 41, the rolling body 42 and the flying disc 22, the structure is more simplified, and the axial size of the spindle is reduced.
The invention adopts a porous bearing as a supporting carrier of the air floatation main shaft to ensure higher bearing capacity, simultaneously the U-shaped bottom and the flange position of the air floatation bearing can provide higher radial one-way bearing capacity, the other surface adopts a ball slideway structure to ensure double-sided bearing, the double-sided insurance ensures that the axial bearing capacity of the main shaft can reach more than 5000N, the radial rigidity can reach more than 800N.m, and the processing requirement of a normal lathe workpiece shaft can be completely met.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1, the air spindle further includes a motor assembly located above the thrust bearing 4, and the motor assembly is directly connected to the shaft core assembly 2, that is, the motor assembly includes a stator 51 and a rotor 52, the stator 51 is disposed on the machine body assembly 1, and the rotor 52 is disposed on the shaft core assembly 2.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the top cover assembly 6 is disposed at the upper end of the machine body assembly 1, and the top cover assembly 6 seals the inner hole at the top end of the machine body assembly 1, so as to prevent impurities from entering the interior of the machine body assembly 1 and causing the motor, the thrust bearing 4 and the air bearing assembly 3 to malfunction.
In some embodiments, the machine body assembly 1 is provided with a cooling medium flow passage, and cooling water sequentially enters the machine body assembly 1 and the thrust bearing 4 through the top cover assembly 6 to circularly cool the whole spindle.
In order to realize the ultra-precision machining and simultaneously give consideration to high rigidity, high bearing capacity and high overturning moment, the invention innovatively uses an axial three-support bearing set structure and an air floatation-raceway combined type movement structure, so that the main shaft is ensured to meet the requirement of nano-level ultra-precision machining and simultaneously the whole shaft system has extremely high bearing capacity and rigidity.
1. The invention innovatively uses a three-support bearing set structure, so that the main shaft can still ensure the great rigidity and bearing capacity in the state of using the air bearing, and simultaneously ensure the stability of the main shaft in operation for a long time under high load.
2. The invention uses a novel air-float-raceway combined type movement structure, can still meet the requirements of nanometer-level rotation precision and nanometer-level turning roughness on the basis of ensuring the high rigidity and high overturning moment of the whole shafting of the main shaft, and makes the ultra-precise air-float main shaft as a lathe workpiece shaft possible.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a lathe which comprises the air floatation main shaft in any one of the embodiments.
The axial three-support bearing set specially designed for the ultra-precise workpiece shaft ensures that the axial rigidity can reach more than 800N.m and the axial bearing capacity can reach more than 5000N in the machining process; the special air floatation-raceway combined motion structure ensures the turning surface roughness below 10nm, the radial rotation precision below 12.5nm and extremely strong anti-overturning moment under the machining state of the main shaft, and the main shaft ensures that the turning machining can reach the grinding precision (below 0.2 um) with high rotation precision.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "example," "an embodiment," or "some embodiments," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make equivalent modifications or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the invention, and such equivalent modifications or substitutions are included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. An air spindle, comprising:
a body assembly;
the shaft core assembly is supported on the machine body assembly through a bearing assembly, a ball head is arranged at the lower end of the shaft core assembly, a flying disc is arranged above the ball head of the shaft core assembly, and the flying disc is connected with the ball head through a cylindrical surface extending along the axial direction;
the bearing assembly comprises an air floatation bearing assembly and a thrust bearing, the air floatation bearing assembly is provided with a spherical surface portion matched with the ball head, a cylindrical surface portion matched with the cylindrical surface and a flange portion matched with the lower end face of the flying disc, air outlet holes are formed in the spherical surface portion, the cylindrical surface portion and the flange portion of the air floatation bearing assembly, the thrust bearing is supported on the upper end face of the flying disc, and the thrust bearing comprises a thrust bearing seat and a rolling body.
2. The air spindle of claim 1, wherein the spherical portion of the air bearing assembly defines an axial bore, and the ball end of the spindle core assembly defines an output shaft extending through the axial bore.
3. The air spindle as claimed in claim 2, wherein said output shaft is provided with a threaded interface.
4. The air bearing spindle of claim 1, wherein the air bearing assembly is mounted within an inner bore of the body assembly, the body assembly having an air passage in communication with the air outlet aperture.
5. The air spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thrust bearing support defines a ball race, and said thrust bearing further comprises a retainer coupled to said thrust bearing support and confining said rolling elements between said thrust bearing support and said flying disc.
6. The air spindle of claim 1, further comprising a motor assembly positioned above the thrust bearing, the motor assembly including a stator and a rotor, the stator being disposed on the body assembly and the rotor being disposed on the core assembly.
7. The air spindle as claimed in claim 6, wherein a cap assembly is disposed on the upper end of said body assembly, said cap assembly closing the top end bore of said body assembly.
8. The air spindle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said body assembly defines a cooling medium flow passage.
9. A lathe comprising the air spindle according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110170437.XA CN112893890B (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Air supporting main shaft and lathe |
| PCT/CN2021/092499 WO2022166016A1 (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-05-08 | Air bearing spindle and lathe |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110170437.XA CN112893890B (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Air supporting main shaft and lathe |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112893890A true CN112893890A (en) | 2021-06-04 |
| CN112893890B CN112893890B (en) | 2022-09-06 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110170437.XA Active CN112893890B (en) | 2021-02-08 | 2021-02-08 | Air supporting main shaft and lathe |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112893890B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022166016A1 (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006102906A (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-20 | Nsk Ltd | Main spindle device |
| CN101055000A (en) * | 2007-03-03 | 2007-10-17 | 大连海事大学 | High pressure big angle-wrap porous section-variable closed type air-floating ball bearing |
| CN201752769U (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2011-03-02 | 大连海事大学 | Electric spindle adopting gas hydrostatic bearing support |
| CN112024912A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏工大金凯高端装备制造有限公司 | High-frequency oscillating air-float main shaft |
| CN112059902A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-11 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | Air-floatation motorized spindle and grinding machine tool |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1507107A (en) * | 1975-05-26 | 1978-04-12 | Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co | Bearing device |
| JPS58180834A (en) * | 1983-04-01 | 1983-10-22 | Toshiba Corp | Main shaft using spherical bearing |
| JP2506129Y2 (en) * | 1989-10-16 | 1996-08-07 | キタムラ機械株式会社 | Spindle head |
| JP4146151B2 (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2008-09-03 | Ｎｔｎ株式会社 | Hydrostatic gas bearing and spindle device using the same |
| CN106141213B (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2017-12-08 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | A kind of air-flotation electric spindle |
| EP3495677A1 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2019-06-12 | Fischer Engineering Solutions AG | Gas bearing cartridge and use of same |
-
2021
- 2021-02-08 CN CN202110170437.XA patent/CN112893890B/en active Active
- 2021-05-08 WO PCT/CN2021/092499 patent/WO2022166016A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006102906A (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-20 | Nsk Ltd | Main spindle device |
| CN101055000A (en) * | 2007-03-03 | 2007-10-17 | 大连海事大学 | High pressure big angle-wrap porous section-variable closed type air-floating ball bearing |
| CN201752769U (en) * | 2010-07-09 | 2011-03-02 | 大连海事大学 | Electric spindle adopting gas hydrostatic bearing support |
| CN112059902A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-11 | 广州市昊志机电股份有限公司 | Air-floatation motorized spindle and grinding machine tool |
| CN112024912A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-12-04 | 江苏工大金凯高端装备制造有限公司 | High-frequency oscillating air-float main shaft |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112893890B (en) | 2022-09-06 |
| WO2022166016A1 (en) | 2022-08-11 |
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