CN112893794A - High surface quality spring steel wire rod and production method thereof - Google Patents
High surface quality spring steel wire rod and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112893794A CN112893794A CN202110052673.1A CN202110052673A CN112893794A CN 112893794 A CN112893794 A CN 112893794A CN 202110052673 A CN202110052673 A CN 202110052673A CN 112893794 A CN112893794 A CN 112893794A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/04—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for de-scaling, e.g. by brushing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/10—Supplying or treating molten metal
- B22D11/11—Treating the molten metal
- B22D11/111—Treating the molten metal by using protecting powders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D31/00—Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates; Cleaning and working on castings
- B22D31/002—Cleaning, working on castings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-surface-quality spring steel wire rod and a production method thereof. The production method comprises the steps of molten iron pre-desulfurization, converter smelting, external refining, large square billet continuous casting, cogging, coping, high-speed wire rolling, air cooling and packaging; in the large square billet continuous casting process, the superheat degree of a tundish is 20-30 ℃, the nitrogen increasing amount is less than or equal to 0.0002%, the liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer is less than 2mm, and the surface temperature of a casting blank at a straightening section is more than or equal to 920 ℃; in the grinding process, the grinding depth of the edge is more than or equal to 1.2mm, and the grinding depth of the corner is more than or equal to 1.5 mm; in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, the temperature of a heating furnace is less than or equal to 1070 ℃, the water pressure of high-pressure water descaling is more than or equal to 15MPa, and the transverse precision of the online surface defect detector is 0.05 mm; the wire rod and the packing wire are separated by adopting a flexible wear-resistant material. The maximum depth of the surface crack of the wire rod is less than or equal to 40 mu m, the maximum depth of the decarburized layer is 0.50 percent of the diameter, and the total length of the surface scribing line does not exceed 10 percent of the length of the wire rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel production, and relates to a high-surface-quality spring steel wire rod and a production method thereof.
Background
The spring is an important basic part and is widely applied to the fields of automobiles, machinery, railways and the like. As a safety bearing part, the failure mode of the spring in the service process is mainly fatigue fracture. For a suspension spring, the main cause of fatigue fracture is surface defects, and because the spring needs to bear high-cycle alternating load in the service process, the service condition is harsh, the surface defects often become crack sources of the spring, and under the action of the alternating load, cracks gradually expand and finally cause the spring to fracture.
The surface defects of the spring are mostly originated from a raw material, namely the spring steel wire rod, and the surface quality of the spring steel wire rod is often decisively influenced on the safety life of the spring. The wire rod has long production flow and complex process, and surface defects are easy to appear, and cracks, decarburization and scribing are the most common surface defects. Because the surface defects are amplified in the service process of the spring, the sensitivity of the spring steel wire rod to the surface defects is far higher than that of the common wire rod, the surface defects such as cracks, decarburization and scribing are eliminated as much as possible, and the improvement of the surface quality is also the key of the development of the spring steel wire rod.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-surface-quality spring steel wire rod and a production method thereof.
In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment of the present invention provides a method for producing a high surface quality spring steel wire rod, which comprises a molten iron pre-desulfurization process, a converter smelting process, an external refining process, a bloom continuous casting process, a cogging process, a coping process, a high wire rolling process, an air cooling process, and a packaging process, which are sequentially performed; wherein:
in the continuous bloom casting process, the superheat degree of a tundish is 20-30 ℃, the nitrogen increment in the continuous casting process is less than or equal to 0.0002%, the liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer is less than 2mm, and the surface temperature of a casting blank at a straightening section is greater than or equal to 920 ℃;
in the grinding process, full grinding treatment is carried out on the intermediate blank, the grinding depth of the edge part is more than or equal to 1.2mm, and the grinding depth of the corner part is more than or equal to 1.5 mm;
in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, an intermediate billet is heated in a heating furnace, the temperature of the heating furnace is less than or equal to 1070 ℃, the intermediate billet is descaled by adopting high-pressure water after being discharged out of the heating furnace, the water pressure is more than or equal to 15MPa, online surface defect detection is carried out on the surface of a wire rod in real time by adopting an online surface defect detector in the rolling process, and the transverse precision of the online surface defect detector is 0.05 mm;
in the packaging procedure, the wire rod and the packaging wire are separated by adopting a flexible wear-resistant material.
Preferably, in the high-speed wire continuous rolling step, the intermediate billet is rolled into a wire rod with a diameter of 5-17 mm.
Preferably, in the high-speed wire continuous rolling procedure, the furnace time of the intermediate billet in the heating furnace is less than or equal to 120 min.
Preferably, in the cogging procedure, the continuous casting billet is heated in a heating furnace and then is cogging, the temperature of the heating furnace is more than or equal to 1250 ℃, and the furnace time is more than or equal to 200 min.
Preferably, in the bloom continuous casting process, the spring steel special-purpose covering slag is used, the nitrogen increasing amount in the continuous casting process is 0.0001-0.0002%, and the liquid level fluctuation of the crystallizer is 1-2 mm.
In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment provides a high surface quality spring steel wire rod, which is manufactured by the production method.
Preferably, the maximum depth of the surface crack of the wire rod is less than or equal to 40 mu m.
Preferably, the maximum depth of the decarburized layer of the wire rod is 0.50% of the diameter of the wire rod.
Preferably, the total length of the surface scribing lines on the acid-washed detection sample piece of the wire rod is not more than 10% of the length of the detection sample piece.
In order to achieve the above object, one embodiment provides a high surface quality spring steel wire rod, wherein the maximum depth of surface cracks of the wire rod is less than or equal to 40 μm, the maximum depth of a decarburized layer is 0.50% of the diameter of the wire rod, and the total length of surface scribing lines on a test sample piece subjected to acid washing treatment is not more than 10% of the length of the test sample piece; the hot metal strip can be prepared by adopting a process route which comprises a molten iron pre-desulfurization process, a converter smelting process, an external refining process, a bloom continuous casting process, a cogging process, a coping process, a high-speed wire rolling process, an air cooling process and a packaging process which are sequentially carried out; wherein:
in the continuous bloom casting process, the superheat degree of a tundish is 20-30 ℃, the nitrogen increment in the continuous casting process is less than or equal to 0.0002%, the liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer is less than 2mm, and the surface temperature of a casting blank at a straightening section is greater than or equal to 920 ℃;
in the grinding process, full grinding treatment is carried out on the intermediate blank, the grinding depth of the edge part is more than or equal to 1.2mm, and the grinding depth of the corner part is more than or equal to 1.5 mm;
in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, an intermediate billet is heated in a heating furnace, the temperature of the heating furnace is less than or equal to 1070 ℃, the intermediate billet is descaled by adopting high-pressure water after being discharged out of the heating furnace, the water pressure is more than or equal to 15MPa, online surface defect detection is carried out on the surface of a wire rod in real time by adopting an online surface defect detector in the rolling process, and the transverse precision of the online surface defect detector is 0.05 mm;
in the packaging procedure, the wire rod and the packaging wire are separated by adopting a flexible wear-resistant material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the maximum depth of the surface crack of the obtained wire rod is less than or equal to 40 mu m, the maximum depth of the decarburized layer is 0.50% of the diameter of the wire rod by controlling the bloom continuous casting process, the polishing process, the high-speed wire continuous rolling process and the packing process, and the total length of the surface scribing line on the detection sample piece of the wire rod subjected to the acid pickling treatment is not more than 10% of the length of the detection sample piece, so that the surface defects of cracks, decarburization, scratches and the like of the existing spring steel wire rod are improved, the comprehensive control on the surface quality of the wire rod is realized, the control cost is low, and the spring steel wire rod has a wide application prospect in the field of manufacturing of high-quality springs.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but the scope of protection claimed is not limited to the description.
The embodiment provides a production method of a high-surface-quality spring steel wire rod and the high-surface-quality spring steel wire rod prepared by the production method.
Specifically, the production method comprises a molten iron pre-desulfurization process, a converter smelting process, an external refining process, a bloom continuous casting process, a cogging process, a coping process, a high-speed wire rolling process, an air cooling process and a packing process which are sequentially carried out, namely, the spring steel wire rod can be prepared by adopting a process route comprising the molten iron pre-desulfurization process, the converter smelting process, the external refining process, the bloom continuous casting process, the cogging process, the coping process, the high-speed wire rolling process, the air cooling process and the packing process which are sequentially carried out.
In the continuous bloom casting process, the special covering slag for spring steel is used, the superheat degree of a tundish is 20-30 ℃, the nitrogen increment in the continuous casting process is less than or equal to 0.0002%, and the liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer is less than 2mm, so that impurities can be effectively controlled, and the influence of foreign impurities on the surface quality is prevented; the surface temperature of the casting blank of the straightening section is more than or equal to 920 ℃, so that the straightening cracks of the steel in the brittle zone are avoided. On the whole, the bloom continuous casting process and the subsequent high-speed wire continuous rolling process are combined, so that the crack defect is eliminated, and the crack defect on the surface of the wire rod is reduced or even avoided.
In the grinding process, the intermediate blank after cogging is subjected to full grinding treatment, the grinding depth of the edge is more than or equal to 1.2mm, and the grinding depth of the corner is more than or equal to 1.5 mm. Wherein, in the cogging procedure, the continuous casting billet can be cogging after being heated in a heating furnace, the temperature of the heating furnace is more than or equal to 1250 ℃, and the furnace time is more than or equal to 200 min. Through the high-temperature heating of the cogging procedure, the surface of the intermediate billet can inevitably form a decarburized layer.
In the high-speed wire continuous rolling procedure, the intermediate billet is heated in a heating furnace, the temperature of the heating furnace is less than or equal to 1070 ℃, and the time of the heating furnace is preferably less than or equal to 120min, so that the thickness of a decarburized layer caused by the heating process can be obviously reduced; and (3) descaling the intermediate billet after the intermediate billet is discharged from the heating furnace by adopting high-pressure water, wherein the water pressure is more than or equal to 15MPa, so that an oxide layer on the surface of the billet can be effectively removed. Thus, the embodiment realizes effective control of the decarburization surface defects based on the comprehensive scheme of the coping process and the high speed wire continuous rolling process.
Meanwhile, in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, tool part pair neutralization management is well performed before rolling, after the rolling line is normal and the surface quality of a rolled piece is good, spring steel rolling is performed, an online surface defect detector is adopted to perform online surface defect detection on the surface of a wire rod in real time in the rolling process, and the transverse precision of the online surface defect detector is 0.05 mm. Therefore, in a high-speed rolling process with the maximum rolling speed of 110m/s, surface scribing caused by accidental contact of a rolled piece with a tool part can be avoided and reduced as much as possible, the defects of the generated surface scribing can be monitored in time, the reasons can be determined, and correction can be carried out in time.
In the packing procedure, the wire rod and the packing wire are separated by adopting a flexible wear-resistant material, so that the wire rod can be further prevented from rubbing with other sharp and hard objects in the processes of storage, transportation and hoisting to cause scratches.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that through full-flow fine control, particularly the whole combination of a bloom continuous casting process, a coping process, a high-speed wire continuous rolling process and a packing process, the surface defects such as cracks, decarburization and scratches are improved, the surface quality of the wire rod is comprehensively controlled, the control cost is low, and the method has a wide application prospect in the field of high-quality spring manufacturing.
The spring steel wire rod of the embodiment has a diameter of 5-17 mm, correspondingly, in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, the intermediate blank is rolled into a wire rod with a diameter of 5-17 mm, and the wire rod with the specification basically covers the common specification of the spring steel wire rod. That is to say, the production method of the embodiment can be used for preparing the spring steel wire rod with any specification and the diameter within the range of 5-17 mm, so that the excellent surface quality of the obtained wire rod can be ensured, and the surface defects of cracks, decarburization, scratches and the like are far less than those of the existing spring steel wire rod.
Specifically, in the embodiment, the maximum depth of the surface crack of the wire rod is less than or equal to 40 μm.
As mentioned in the background, cracks are one of the most common surface defects of spring steel wire rods, and the crack tip is prone to stress concentration and particularly prone to propagation under alternating loads, resulting in fatigue fracture of the spring. In the strictest requirement of the national standard GB/T28300-2012 technical condition for delivering the surface quality grades of hot rolled bars and wire rods, the standard of the maximum depth of surface cracks of small-sized wire rods is not more than 150 microns, while in the embodiment, the maximum depth of the surface cracks of the wire rods prepared by the production method does not exceed 40 microns, and compared with common spring steel wire rods, the maximum depth of the surface cracks of the wire rods is greatly reduced, so that the influence possibility of the surface crack defects of the wire rods on springs (such as suspension springs) prepared on the basis of the wire rods is low.
Specifically, the method for determining the maximum depth of the surface crack of the wire rod in the embodiment may be: in the same furnace steel, at least 10 samples of different coils are taken to prepare cross section metallographic samples for surface crack analysis, and surface cracks with the depth of more than 40 mu m do not appear in all samples, so that the maximum depth of the surface cracks is determined to be less than or equal to 40 mu m.
In the present embodiment, the maximum depth of the decarburized layer of the wire rod is 0.50% of the diameter of the wire rod.
As mentioned in the background of the invention, decarburization is also one of the most common surface defects of spring steel wire rods, and a steel slab is heated at a high temperature (e.g., about 1000 ℃ or more) in a heating furnace before cogging and hot rolling, and is subjected to soaking for a long time during which C elements on the surface of the steel slab are O elements in the heating furnace2And H2O is oxidized to reduce the content of C element on the surface, and then the C element near the surface can diffuse to the surface, so that the decarburized layer of the billet is gradually changedThickness; in addition, the temperature is high and the time is long in the continuous casting process, and the surface decarburization is easily caused when the billet is directly contacted with air and water. For a common spring steel wire rod, the depth of a decarburized layer on the surface of a billet can reach 1.5mm, the depth of the decarburized layer on the surface of the spring steel wire rod after hot rolling can exceed 150 mu m, the fatigue life of a spring is seriously influenced, and great material waste can be caused, so that the cost is increased. In the embodiment, the wire rod prepared by the production method has the advantages that material waste is less in the production process, reasonable control of cost is realized, and the maximum depth of the decarburized layer is 0.50% of the diameter of the wire rod, namely for the wire rod with the diameter of 5-17 mm, the maximum depth of the decarburized layer is only 25-85 μm and is far lower than that of a common spring steel wire rod.
In this embodiment, the total length of the surface scribe lines on the pickled test piece of the wire rod is not more than 10% of the length of the test piece. As mentioned in the background of the invention, the score is also one of the most common surface defects of the spring steel wire rod, and the total length of the score on the surface of the wire rod obtained in the embodiment is not more than 10% of the length of the wire rod, so that the spring (such as a suspension spring) prepared based on the wire rod is less likely to be influenced by the score on the surface of the wire rod.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the method for determining the total length of the surface scribe line may be: at least 20 sections of wire rods are taken as detection samples from different coils of the same furnace steel, the length of each section of wire rod (namely each detection sample) is about 30cm, after each detection sample is pickled, the surface scribing length is measured, the sum of the surface scribing lengths on the detection samples is not more than 3cm, and therefore the total surface scribing length of the detection samples is determined to be not more than 10% of the length of the detection samples.
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention by way of 13 examples and 8 comparative examples. Of course, these 13 embodiments are only some, but not all, of the many variations that may be included in this embodiment.
Specifically, in 13 embodiments, the spring steel wire rod is prepared by adopting a process flow including a molten iron pre-desulfurization process, a converter smelting process, an external refining process, a bloom continuous casting process, a cogging process, a coping process, a high-speed wire rolling process, an air cooling process and a packaging process which are sequentially performed, wherein:
in the continuous casting process of the bloom, the special covering slag for spring steel is used, the superheat degree of a tundish and the surface temperature of a casting blank at a straightening section are shown in table 1, the nitrogen increment in the casting process is 0.0001-0.0002%, and the liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer is 1-2 mm;
in the grinding process, the intermediate blank after cogging is subjected to full grinding treatment, and the edge grinding depth and the corner grinding depth are shown in table 1;
in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, an intermediate billet is heated in a heating furnace, the temperature of the heating furnace is shown in table 1, the furnace time is less than or equal to 120min, high-pressure water is adopted for descaling after the intermediate billet is discharged out of the heating furnace, the water pressure is shown in table 1, in addition, an online surface defect detector is adopted for carrying out online surface defect detection on the surface of a wire rod in real time in the rolling process, and the transverse precision of the online surface defect detector is 0.05 mm;
in the packing process, a coil collecting drum is adopted to collect coiled coils after the air cooling process, and flexible wear-resistant materials are adopted to separate the wire rods from the packing wires.
And 8 comparative examples adopt a common spring steel production flow, and part of process parameters are also shown in table 1.
[ Table 1]
The diameters of the wire rods in 13 examples and 8 comparative examples are both 5-17 mm, and can be specifically shown in table 2; and, the wire rods in 13 examples and 8 comparative examples were sampled, and the samples were subjected to metallographic analysis for crack detection and decarburization detection; and the wire rod was sampled, pickled, and then subjected to surface scribing, and the respective test results are shown in table 2.
[ Table 2]
As can be seen from Table 2, the wire rods of examples 1 to 13 produced according to the present invention had the maximum depth of the surface crack of 40 μm or less and the maximum depth of the decarburized layer of 0.50% of the diameter of the wire rod, and the total length of the surface scribe lines of the test sample piece subjected to the acid washing treatment was not more than 10% of the length of the test sample piece, and the total surface quality was much higher than that of comparative examples 1 to 8.
Claims (10)
1. A production method of a high-surface quality spring steel wire rod is characterized by comprising a molten iron pre-desulfurization process, a converter smelting process, an external refining process, a bloom continuous casting process, a cogging process, a coping process, a high-speed wire rolling process, an air cooling process and a packaging process which are sequentially carried out; wherein:
in the continuous bloom casting process, the superheat degree of a tundish is 20-30 ℃, the nitrogen increment in the continuous casting process is less than or equal to 0.0002%, the liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer is less than 2mm, and the surface temperature of a casting blank at a straightening section is greater than or equal to 920 ℃;
in the grinding process, full grinding treatment is carried out on the intermediate blank, the grinding depth of the edge part is more than or equal to 1.2mm, and the grinding depth of the corner part is more than or equal to 1.5 mm;
in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, an intermediate billet is heated in a heating furnace, the temperature of the heating furnace is less than or equal to 1070 ℃, the intermediate billet is descaled by adopting high-pressure water after being discharged out of the heating furnace, the water pressure is more than or equal to 15MPa, online surface defect detection is carried out on the surface of a wire rod in real time by adopting an online surface defect detector in the rolling process, and the transverse precision of the online surface defect detector is 0.05 mm;
in the packaging procedure, the wire rod and the packaging wire are separated by adopting a flexible wear-resistant material.
2. The production method of the high surface quality spring steel wire rod according to claim 1, wherein in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, the intermediate billet is rolled into a wire rod with the diameter of 5-17 mm.
3. The method for producing the high surface quality spring steel wire rod according to claim 1, wherein in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, the furnace time of the intermediate billet in a heating furnace is less than or equal to 120 min.
4. The method for producing the spring steel wire rod with high surface quality according to claim 1, wherein in the cogging procedure, the continuous casting billet is heated in a heating furnace and then is cogging, the temperature of the heating furnace is more than or equal to 1250 ℃, and the time in the furnace is more than or equal to 200 min.
5. The method for producing the spring steel wire rod with high surface quality according to claim 1, wherein in the bloom continuous casting process, the spring steel dedicated mold powder is used, the nitrogen increasing amount in the continuous casting process is 0.0001-0.0002%, and the liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer is 1-2 mm.
6. A high surface quality spring steel wire rod, which is characterized in that the wire rod is prepared by the production method of any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The high surface quality spring steel wire rod according to claim 6, wherein the wire rod has a maximum surface crack depth of 40 μm or less.
8. A high surface quality spring steel wire rod according to claim 6, wherein the maximum depth of the decarburized layer of the wire rod is 0.50% of the diameter of the wire rod.
9. The high surface quality spring steel wire rod according to claim 6, wherein the total length of the surface scribe lines on the pickled test sample of the wire rod is not more than 10% of the length of the test sample.
10. A high surface quality spring steel wire rod is characterized in that the maximum depth of surface cracks of the wire rod is less than or equal to 40 mu m, the maximum depth of a decarburized layer is 0.50% of the diameter of the wire rod, and the total length of surface scribing lines on a detection sample piece subjected to acid cleaning treatment of the wire rod is not more than 10% of the length of the detection sample piece; the hot metal strip can be prepared by adopting a process route which comprises a molten iron pre-desulfurization process, a converter smelting process, an external refining process, a bloom continuous casting process, a cogging process, a coping process, a high-speed wire rolling process, an air cooling process and a packaging process which are sequentially carried out; wherein:
in the continuous bloom casting process, the superheat degree of a tundish is 20-30 ℃, the nitrogen increment in the continuous casting process is less than or equal to 0.0002%, the liquid level fluctuation of a crystallizer is less than 2mm, and the surface temperature of a casting blank at a straightening section is greater than or equal to 920 ℃;
in the grinding process, full grinding treatment is carried out on the intermediate blank, the grinding depth of the edge part is more than or equal to 1.2mm, and the grinding depth of the corner part is more than or equal to 1.5 mm;
in the high-speed wire continuous rolling process, an intermediate billet is heated in a heating furnace, the temperature of the heating furnace is less than or equal to 1070 ℃, the intermediate billet is descaled by adopting high-pressure water after being discharged out of the heating furnace, the water pressure is more than or equal to 15MPa, online surface defect detection is carried out on the surface of a wire rod in real time by adopting an online surface defect detector in the rolling process, and the transverse precision of the online surface defect detector is 0.05 mm;
in the packaging procedure, the wire rod and the packaging wire are separated by adopting a flexible wear-resistant material.
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| CN114082904A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏联峰实业有限公司 | Production control process of 60Si2MnA spring steel with high surface quality |
| CN114405991A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-04-29 | 张家港荣盛特钢有限公司 | Cogging method for reducing surface decarburization depth of medium-high carbon steel blank |
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