CN108977732B - Hot-rolled steel plate with high surface quality and good welding performance and production method thereof - Google Patents
Hot-rolled steel plate with high surface quality and good welding performance and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108977732B CN108977732B CN201810909077.9A CN201810909077A CN108977732B CN 108977732 B CN108977732 B CN 108977732B CN 201810909077 A CN201810909077 A CN 201810909077A CN 108977732 B CN108977732 B CN 108977732B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of steel plate manufacturing, in particular to a hot rolled steel plate with high surface quality and good welding performance and a production method thereof, wherein the steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.12%, Si: 0.20 to 0.40%, Mn: 1.00-1.50%, Ti: 0.04-0.15%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.008%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and simultaneously the following requirements are met: ceq is more than or equal to 0.30 percent and less than or equal to 0.38 percent, Pcm is less than or equal to 0.20 percent, wherein the calculation formulas of Ceq and Pcm are as follows: ceq = C + Mn/6+ Si/24+ Ni/40+ Cr/5+ Mo/4+ V/14, Pcm = C + Si/30+ Mn/20+ Cu/20+ Ni/60+ Cr/20+ Mo/15+ V/10+ 5B; the steel plate is suitable for steel plates with the thickness of 10-100 mm, the tensile strength is larger than or equal to 510MPa, the surface smoothness is good, the color is dark, the defects of obvious pits, pockmarks and the like are avoided, the welding performance is good, and the steel plate is particularly suitable for manufacturing engineering machinery.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel plate manufacturing, in particular to a hot rolled steel plate with high surface quality and good welding performance and a production method thereof.
Background
With the increasing competition of the engineering machinery industry, the requirements of manufacturers of main engineering machinery parts at home and abroad on the surface quality of steel plates are higher and higher. Taking the largest manufacturers of earthwork machinery, construction machinery and mining equipment all over the world, catapeter company, usa, as an example, it is proposed that fish-scale-like and spider-web-like patterns are not obtained before and after blasting on the surface of a steel plate, and red mottled iron scale, grinding and surface pits are not allowed to appear in principle. Strict regulations are also put on roll marks, pits, and scratch areas and depths. In addition to the surface quality of the steel plate, the steel plate base material is required to have good joint performance in order to ensure the use safety of the engineering machinery. The average selling price of the steel plate with high surface quality is nearly thousand yuan higher than that of the common plate, and the economic benefit is very obvious.
In order to obtain high-surface-quality steel plates, domestic steel mills mostly adopt elements for controlling the content of Si to be less than 0.2%, even less than 0.15%, however, Si is an essential element for steel-making deoxidation, is an element for inhibiting ferrite solid solution strengthening and carbide formation to increase the stability of retained austenite and further increase the ductility of the steel plates, has a certain strengthening effect, and in order to ensure the strength of the steel plates, the steel mills mostly adopt precious alloys such as Nb, V, Ni and the like to compensate, which is not economically acceptable.
In the past, the invention has been reported and patented about high surface quality hot rolled steel plates in China. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN102764760 describes a method for manufacturing a hot rolled steel sheet with high surface quality, which obtains a hot rolled steel sheet with high surface quality by controlling the Si content to 0.15% or less and simultaneously performing certain process optimization and process control on the whole process. However, the welding performance of the base metal is not considered, and the influence of factors such as the curling process, the rolling rhythm, the cross-cutting straightening and the like on the surface quality of the high-strength steel plate is not considered. Meanwhile, the tensile strength is lower than 510MPa, and the strength level is lower.
Chinese patent No. CN10656698 discloses "a hot rolled steel sheet with high surface quality for manufacturing excavator boom and manufacturing method", which comprises the following chemical components: c: 0.01 to 0.25%, Si: 0.005-0.20%, Mn: 0.10 to 2.0%, Nb: 0.005-0.10%, V: 0.005-0.20 percent of Ti, 0.01-0.15 percent of Als, 0.020-0.07 percent of P less than or equal to 0.025 percent of S less than or equal to 0.015 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and other inevitable impurities. The steel plate is prepared by adding noble alloys Nb and V in addition to basic elements through a traditional rolling process, is 5-20 mm thick and 485-511 MPa in tensile strength, and is not suitable for steel plates with the thickness of more than 20 mm.
For example, the Chinese patent CN101947557 is a preparation method for reducing the generation of iron scale on the surface of a hot-rolled steel plate, and the aim of reducing the generation of the iron scale is achieved by controlling the steel drawing temperature of a plate blank, the finish rolling initial rolling temperature and the finish rolling temperature, the curling temperature and the cooling mode. The method reduces the thickness of the primary iron oxide scale to a certain extent by controlling the tapping temperature, but does not mention the welding performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provide a hot rolled steel plate with high surface quality and good welding performance and a production method thereof.
The specific scheme of the invention is as follows: the hot rolled steel plate with high surface quality and good welding performance comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.12%, Si: 0.20 to 0.40%, Mn: 1.00-1.50%, Ti: 0.04-0.15%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.008%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and simultaneously the following requirements are met: ceq is more than or equal to 0.30 percent and less than or equal to 0.38 percent, Pcm is less than or equal to 0.20 percent, wherein the calculation formulas of Ceq and Pcm are as follows: ceq = C + Mn/6+ Si/24+ Ni/40+ Cr/5+ Mo/4+ V/14, Pcm = C + Si/30+ Mn/20+ Cu/20+ Ni/60+ Cr/20+ Mo/15+ V/10+ 5B.
The thickness of the steel plate is 10-100 mm, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 510 MPa.
The production method of the steel plate comprises the following steps: converter top and bottom composite smelting → inclusion calcium treatment → LF refining → RH furnace vacuum treatment → continuous casting → casting blank slow cooling → casting blank heating → high-pressure water descaling → rolling → cooling → finishing;
wherein the temperature for heating the casting blank is 1170-1230 ℃, the heating rate is 8-10 min/cm, micro-alloy elements in the steel are ensured to be dissolved into austenite, and austenite grains are prevented from being coarsened.
The process parameters of high-pressure water descaling are as follows: the descaling pressure is more than or equal to 25MPa, the descaling temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, and the nozzle and the horizontal plane form 45-75 ℃;
wherein the rolling is divided into two stages: the rolling pass in the first stage is 4-7 passes, the casting blank is descaled in the first 3 passes, the descaling water pressure is larger than or equal to 25MPa, the casting blank is descaled in the first 1 pass and the last 3 passes in the second stage, the descaling water pressure is larger than or equal to 25MPa, the rolling temperature in the second stage is smaller than or equal to 980 ℃, and nitrogen purging is carried out on the steel plate in the descaling process of the machine body.
In the rolling process, the load temperature of final rolling is 840-890 ℃, and the rolling speed of the last 2 passes is 4-6 m/s.
When a steel plate with the width larger than 3000mm is cooled, side spraying and nitrogen purging are added, the opening cooling temperature is 700-750 ℃, the steel plate is cooled to 600-650 ℃ at the cooling speed of 5-8 ℃ per second, and then the steel plate is air-cooled to the room temperature.
The casting blank is slowly cooled for 48 hours, so that hydrogen in the casting blank is fully diffused, and the internal stress caused by cooling is reduced.
In the production method, after finishing, the disk of the crown block is covered with a cloth sleeve for protection in the stacking and transferring processes, and a layer of oil cloth is covered on the periphery of the crosssliding and turning plate rack sleeper and the steel plate finished product after stacking and warehousing, so that rainwater is prevented from splashing and corroding or oil stains.
The reasons for setting the composition of the steel of the present invention will be described in detail below.
C: carbon can greatly improve the strength of steel and the wear resistance of a steel plate, but carbon is also a main influence element of carbon equivalent and welding crack sensitivity coefficient, and the welding performance is influenced by the fact that the carbon content is increased and the carbon equivalent and the welding crack sensitivity coefficient are greatly increased, so that the carbon content is controlled to be 0.08-0.12%.
Si: silicon is an essential element for steel-making deoxidation, and is also an element for inhibiting ferrite solid solution strengthening and carbide formation to increase the stability of retained austenite and further increase the ductility of a steel sheet, and has a certain strengthening effect. When the silicon content is less than 0.2%, the effect cannot be ensured. When the silicon content exceeds a certain amount, the cleanliness of steel is reduced, the defect of scale which is not easy to be pickled can be generated, meanwhile, because the clearance of silicon and oxygen is stronger than that of iron, low-melting-point silicate is easy to produce during welding, the fluidity of slag and molten metal is increased, the splashing phenomenon is caused, the welding performance is reduced, and therefore the control is 0.2-0.4%.
Mn: the manganese can reduce the lower critical point of the steel, increase the supercooling degree of austenite cooling, refine a pearlite structure and improve the mechanical property of the steel, but with the increase of the manganese content, the thermal conductivity of the steel is sharply reduced, the coefficient of linear expansion is increased, so that large internal stress is formed during rapid heating or cooling, the cracking tendency of a workpiece is increased, and the control is 1.00-1.50%.
Ti: titanium is a strong deoxidizer in steel, can make the internal structure of steel compact, refine crystal grains, reduce aging sensitivity and cold brittleness, improve welding performance, and can reduce the difference of longitudinal and transverse performances by adding a certain amount of Ti. In addition, compared with the strengthening elements such as niobium, vanadium and the like, titanium has larger resource and cost advantages, the price is less than one tenth of the price, so the Ti content is designed as follows: 0.040-0.15%.
P: the phosphorus element increases the tempering brittleness and cold brittleness sensitivity, deteriorates the welding performance of the steel and reduces the plasticity, so the P content is designed to be less than or equal to 0.015 percent.
S: sulfur is also a harmful element under normal conditions, so that the steel generates hot brittleness, the ductility and the toughness of the steel are reduced, cracks are easy to generate during forging and rolling, and when the sulfur content is high, the welding performance is not favorable, the corrosion resistance is reduced, so the S content is designed to be less than or equal to 0.008%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the production method of the hot rolled steel plate with high surface quality and good welding performance can be produced by adopting a low-cost component design system without major modification of the existing production equipment, and is suitable for engineering machinery steel with 10-100 mm thickness and strength requirement of more than or equal to 510MPa and good welding performance; 2. the content of harmful element P, S is strictly controlled, a certain rolling and cooling process is assisted, the strength of the steel plate is ensured to reach more than 510MPa, and the steel plate is ensured to have good welding performance by strictly controlling the carbon equivalent Ceq and the welding crack sensitivity coefficient Pcm; 3. strictly controlling the steel burning temperature, the heating rate and the rolling rhythm, strictly regulating the descaling opportunity and the descaling pressure, and opening different cooling auxiliary devices according to different widths of the steel plate to obtain the steel plate with green surface, no pit, no watermark and thin and compact ferric oxide skin; 4. the crown block disk is covered with a cloth sleeve for protection in the stacking and transferring processes, and the cross sliding and turning plate rack sleeper is further ensured to have smooth surface finish, so that the mechanical damage is avoided; 5. the steel plate steel is a high value-added product, has relatively simple chemical components, is easy to operate in the production process, has lower production cost, and has obvious economic benefit compared with the common low alloy.
Detailed Description
To more clearly illustrate the advantages of the present invention, 10 examples are listed and 2 comparative examples are provided for comparative analysis, see tables 1-3, wherein: table 1 shows the chemical compositions of 10 examples and 2 comparative examples listed in the present invention, table 2 shows the process parameters of the examples and comparative examples, and table 3 shows the actual quality comparison of the examples and comparative examples;
example 1
The hot rolled steel plate with high surface quality and good welding performance comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.083%, Si: 0.32%, Mn: 1.43%, P: 0.010%, S: 0.004%, Ti: 0.055%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities (the impurities include residual elements Cr: 0.021%, Ni: 0.005%, Cu: 0.021%, Mo: 0.002%, V: 0.0025%, and B: 0.00026%), the carbon equivalent Ceq =0.34%, the weld crack susceptibility Pcm =0.17%, and the calculation formulas of Ceq and Pcm are: ceq = C + Mn/6+ Si/24+ Ni/40+ Cr/5+ Mo/4+ V/14, Pcm = C + Si/30+ Mn/20+ Cu/20+ Ni/60+ Cr/20+ Mo/15+ V/10+ 5B.
The thickness of the steel plate in the embodiment is 10mm, and the tensile strength is 547 MPa.
The manufacturing method of the steel plate comprises the following steps: converter top and bottom composite smelting → inclusion calcium treatment → LF refining → RH furnace vacuum treatment → continuous casting → casting blank slow cooling → casting blank heating → high-pressure water descaling → rolling → cooling → finishing;
wherein the heating temperature of the casting blank is 1200 ℃, the heating rate is 10min/cm, the micro-alloy elements in the steel are ensured to be dissolved into austenite, and simultaneously, austenite grains are prevented from being coarsened.
The process parameters of high-pressure water descaling are as follows: the descaling pressure is 25MPa, the descaling temperature is 1035 ℃, and the plane between the nozzle and the horizontal plane is 60 ℃;
wherein the rolling is divided into two stages: the casting blank is subjected to descaling in the first stage for 7 passes, the first 3 passes under the condition that the descaling water pressure is 25.2MPa, the casting blank is subjected to descaling in the first 1 pass and the last 3 passes under the condition that the descaling water pressure is 25.2MPa, the second-stage rolling temperature is less than or equal to 980 ℃, and the steel plate is subjected to nitrogen purging in the descaling process of the machine body.
In the rolling process described in this embodiment, the load temperature of the final rolling is 885 ℃, and the rolling speeds of the last 2 passes of the two stages are 5m/s and 6m/s, respectively.
After finishing, the overhead travelling crane disk is covered with a cloth cover for protection in the stacking and transferring processes, and a layer of oil cloth is covered on the periphery of the crosssliding and turning plate rack sleeper and the steel plate finished product after being stacked and put in storage, so that rainwater is prevented from splashing and corroding or oil stains.
Referring to table 3, the steel sheet of this example has a yield strength of 399MPa, a tensile strength of 547MPa, an elongation of 29%, an impact energy of 196J at-20 ℃, a good surface finish, a bluish color, no obvious defects such as pits, scratches, rust, etc., a good welding performance, and is not prone to crack, etc.
The chemical compositions and the process parameters of the steel plates of the examples 2 to 10 are adjusted based on the steel plate of the example 1, and are detailed in tables 1 and 2, and the actual quality detection results of the examples 2 to 10 are detailed in table 3.
TABLE 3 quality of the examples of the invention and the comparative examples
As can be seen from Table 3, the yield strength, tensile strength, elongation and impact energy of the inventive examples are not much different from those of the comparative examples, but the surface quality of the inventive examples is significantly better and the weldability is more excellent.
Claims (2)
1. High surface quality just has hot steel sheet of pricking of good welding property, characterized by: the steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.08-0.12%, Si: 0.20 to 0.40%, Mn: 1.00-1.50%, Ti: 0.04-0.15%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.008%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and simultaneously the following requirements are met: ceq is more than or equal to 0.30 percent and less than or equal to 0.38 percent, Pcm is less than or equal to 0.20 percent, wherein the calculation formulas of Ceq and Pcm are as follows: ceq = C + Mn/6+ Si/24+ Ni/40+ Cr/5+ Mo/4+ V/14, Pcm = C + Si/30+ Mn/20+ Cu/20+ Ni/60+ Cr/20+ Mo/15+ V/10+ 5B; the thickness of the steel plate is 10-100 mm, and the tensile strength is more than or equal to 510 MPa;
the production method of the steel plate comprises the following steps: converter top and bottom composite smelting → inclusion calcium treatment → LF refining → RH furnace vacuum treatment → continuous casting → casting blank slow cooling → casting blank heating → high-pressure water descaling → rolling → cooling → finishing;
wherein the casting blank is heated at 1170-1230 ℃ and the heating rate is 8-10 min/cm; the final rolling load temperature is 840-890 ℃, and the rolling speed of the last 2 passes is 4-6 m/s;
the process parameters of high-pressure water descaling are as follows: the descaling pressure is more than or equal to 25MPa, the descaling temperature is 1000-1100 ℃, and the nozzle and the horizontal plane form 45-75 ℃;
wherein the rolling is divided into two stages: the rolling pass in the first stage is 4-7 passes, the casting blank is descaled in the first 3 passes, the descaling water pressure is more than or equal to 25MPa, the casting blank is descaled in the first 1 pass and the last 3 passes in the second stage, the descaling water pressure is more than or equal to 25MPa, the rolling temperature in the second stage is less than or equal to 980 ℃, and nitrogen purging is carried out on the steel plate in the descaling process of the machine body.
2. The hot-rolled steel sheet having high surface quality and good weldability according to claim 1, wherein: and when cooling the steel plate with the width of more than 3000mm, adding side spraying and nitrogen purging, cooling to 600-650 ℃ at the cooling speed of 5-8 ℃ per second at the start cooling temperature of 700-750 ℃, and then air cooling to room temperature.
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| CN108977732B true CN108977732B (en) | 2020-05-05 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101250664A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2008-08-27 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Hull structural steel with excellent welding performance and producing method thereof |
| CN104561486A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-04-29 | 首钢总公司 | Thick-gauge hot continuous rolling steel belt with excellent ultralow temperature CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) performance and production method of thick-gauge hot continuous rolling steel belt |
| JP2017193759A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-26 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Thick steel sheet and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN107937802A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-20 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | 60 80mm thickness low-crackle sensitives, easy weld-end fittings steel plate and its manufacture method used under a kind of cryogenic conditions |
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2018
- 2018-08-10 CN CN201810909077.9A patent/CN108977732B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101250664A (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2008-08-27 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Hull structural steel with excellent welding performance and producing method thereof |
| CN104561486A (en) * | 2015-01-22 | 2015-04-29 | 首钢总公司 | Thick-gauge hot continuous rolling steel belt with excellent ultralow temperature CTOD (Crack Tip Opening Displacement) performance and production method of thick-gauge hot continuous rolling steel belt |
| JP2017193759A (en) * | 2016-04-21 | 2017-10-26 | 新日鐵住金株式会社 | Thick steel sheet and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN107937802A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-04-20 | 江阴兴澄特种钢铁有限公司 | 60 80mm thickness low-crackle sensitives, easy weld-end fittings steel plate and its manufacture method used under a kind of cryogenic conditions |
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Address after: No. 215, Wuchang Avenue, Hubei, Ezhou, Hubei Patentee after: Baowu group Echeng Iron and Steel Co., Ltd Address before: No. 215, Wuchang Avenue, Hubei, Ezhou, Hubei Patentee before: WUHAN IRON AND STEEL GROUP ECHENG IRON AND STEEL Co.,Ltd. |