CN112892884A - Even-feeding automatic centrifugal machine with micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag turning function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning type automatic centrifuge with uniform feeding. The centrifuge comprises a feeding pipe, a fixed guide mechanism, a driving mechanism and a hose, wherein the fixed guide mechanism is used for supporting and guiding the feeding pipe; the fixed guide mechanism is fixed on the centrifuge; the feeding pipe passes through the fixed guide mechanism to enter the interior of the centrifuge, and the discharge port of the feeding pipe is inserted into a centrifugal cavity of the centrifuge. This centrifuge can realize carrying out even cloth along the length direction of rotor to be favorable to forming even filter cake layer and realizing even washing effect. The centrifugal machine also respectively pressurizes the inside of the centrifugal machine and the gap between the contact surfaces of the driving shaft part and the shell of the centrifugal machine through the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part, so that the oxygen content in the centrifugal machine can be reduced, the sealing performance of the centrifugal machine is enhanced, and the operation safety of the centrifugal machine is effectively improved.

Description

Even-feeding automatic centrifugal machine with micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag turning function

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifuge feeding, and particularly relates to a micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning type automatic centrifuge capable of feeding uniformly.

Background

The separation machinery mainly comprises a centrifuge, a filter and the like, along with the development of economy and technology, the separation machinery has wider and wider application and higher automation requirements, and a centrifuge feeding device is also developed greatly.

The traditional centrifuge feeding device mainly comprises the following modes: 1. a fixed feed pipe type; 2. the conical distributor is driven by a motor. The former has single feeding point, is easy to form uneven filter cake layers, the dynamic balance of the centrifuge is damaged, the equipment has larger vibration, and is not good for the use, maintenance and safety of the equipment; the conical distributing device well solves the problems, the distribution is uniform, and the formed filter cake layer is symmetrical. However, the conical distributor is complicated in structure, and installation interference of many centrifuges is caused by internal structural reasons. For example, horizontal scraper centrifuges, piston pusher centrifuges, bag-turning automatic centrifuges, etc. are all provided with a fixed feed pipe only because of the problems of complex rotor structure or rotor movement interference, etc., and the feeding effect is not good. When the washing liquid is fed, the washing is not uniform, the washing effect is not good, and a large amount of washing liquid is consumed.

The development trend of the existing centrifuge technology is towards high technical parameters of large length-diameter ratio (L/D), and on the premise that the diameter D of a rotor is fixed, the rotor capacity, namely the equipment processing capacity, is improved by increasing the length L of the rotor. And the increase of rotor length L has further improved the degree of difficulty of even cloth, consequently now urgently need a can be in the feed arrangement of whole rotor length direction equipartition feeding or washing.

In addition, in actual production, bag-turning centrifuge often needs to handle special materials such as inflammable, explosive, volatile, poisonous, if at various solvents, energetic materials of chemical industry etc. when handling this type of hazardous materials, how to control or reduce the oxygen content in the centrifuge and strengthen centrifuge's leakproofness to improve centrifuge's security, also be the technological problem who awaits solution urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an evenly-fed micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning type automatic centrifuge which can realize even material distribution along the length direction of a rotor, thereby being beneficial to forming an even filter cake layer and realizing an even washing effect; simultaneously, the centrifugal machine respectively pressurizes the inside of the centrifugal machine and the gap between the contact surfaces of the driving shaft part and the shell of the centrifugal machine through the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part, so that the oxygen content in the centrifugal machine can be reduced, the sealing performance of the centrifugal machine is enhanced, and the operation safety of the centrifugal machine is effectively improved.

In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides an automatic centrifuge of sealed formula of turning over of gentle positive pressure gas seal of even feeding, includes inlet pipe and including sealed centrifuge, still includes following component parts:

the fixed guide mechanism is fixed on the centrifuge and used for supporting the feeding pipe and guiding the feeding pipe, the feeding pipe passes through the fixed guide mechanism to enter the interior of the centrifuge, and a discharge port of the feeding pipe is inserted into a centrifugal cavity of the centrifuge;

the driving mechanism is used for driving the feeding pipe to move back and forth along the limited direction of the fixed guide mechanism, so that the discharge hole of the feeding pipe reciprocates in the centrifugal cavity to realize uniform distribution;

the hose is connected with the feeding hole of the feeding pipe and used for absorbing the telescopic stroke of the feeding pipe;

a centrifugal assembly is arranged in the centrifugal machine, and the driving shaft part penetrates through the shell of the centrifugal machine and drives the centrifugal assembly to rotate so as to realize centrifugal treatment on materials in the centrifugal cavity; the centrifugal machine is internally provided with a first pressurizing part for pressurizing the inside of the centrifugal machine, the centrifugal machine is also provided with a second pressurizing part for pressurizing a gap between the driving shaft part and the contact surface of the shell of the centrifugal machine, the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part are filled with inactive gas for pressurizing, and the pressure intensity in the gap between the driving shaft part and the contact surface of the shell of the centrifugal machine is greater than the pressure intensity in the centrifugal machine.

Preferably, the fixed guide mechanism comprises a cylindrical guide part, the guide part comprises a guide cylinder, a first gland and a second gland, the first gland and the second gland are respectively fixed at two ends of the guide cylinder in a sealing manner, and the second gland is fixedly connected with the centrifuge;

a guide piston is arranged in the guide part, the guide piston is arranged in the guide cylinder, a first hydraulic cavity is formed between the guide piston and the first gland, a second hydraulic cavity is formed between the guide piston and the second gland, and the feed pipe sequentially passes through the first gland, the first hydraulic cavity, the guide piston, the second hydraulic cavity and the second gland to enter the centrifuge; the guide piston is fixedly connected with the feeding pipe;

the driving mechanism is a hydraulic driving mechanism, and the hydraulic driving mechanism is provided with two driving ends, wherein one driving end is communicated with the first hydraulic cavity, and the other driving end is communicated with the second hydraulic cavity; and the hydraulic driving mechanism supplies pressure to the first hydraulic cavity and the second hydraulic cavity alternately through the two driving ends to drive the guide piston and drive the feeding pipe to reciprocate.

Preferably, at least one piston sealing ring is arranged between the inner wall of the piston and the outer wall of the feeding pipe;

the piston outer wall is coaxially provided with a piston sealing ring and a piston guide ring; the outer wall of the piston guide ring is attached to the inner wall of the guide cylinder, the piston guide ring and the guide cylinder form sliding fit, and the piston sealing rings are respectively arranged on two sides of the piston guide ring;

the piston sealing ring and the piston sealing ring are matched with each other to realize the isolation and sealing between the first hydraulic cavity and the second hydraulic cavity.

Preferably, a first guide sleeve is coaxially arranged on the inner wall, attached to the feeding pipe, of the first gland, and the first guide sleeve and the feeding pipe form sliding fit; the inner wall of the first gland is also provided with a first gland inner side O-shaped ring and a first gland dust ring which form combined seal, and the opening of the first gland dust ring faces the first hydraulic cavity side; the outer wall of the left gland, which is attached to the guide cylinder, is coaxially provided with a first gland outer side O-shaped ring;

a second guide sleeve is coaxially arranged on the inner wall, attached to the feeding pipe, of the second gland, and the second guide sleeve is in sliding fit with the feeding pipe;

the inner wall of the second gland is also provided with a second gland inner side O-shaped ring and a second gland dust ring which form combined seal, and the opening of the second gland dust ring faces the second hydraulic cavity side; the outer wall of the second gland, which is attached to the guide cylinder, is coaxially provided with an O-shaped ring at the outer side of the second gland;

the guide cylinder is provided with a first hydraulic cavity liquid inlet and outlet port at the position, close to the first gland, of the first hydraulic cavity, and a second hydraulic cavity liquid inlet and outlet port at the position, close to the second gland, of the second hydraulic cavity.

Preferably, the hydraulic driving mechanism comprises a pump, a pressure monitor, an overflow valve and a regulating part;

the pump is provided with a filter at the inlet of the pump and a one-way valve at the outlet of the pump; the outlet of the one-way valve is connected with an inlet pipeline of the reversing part, the reversing part is provided with two output pipelines which are respectively communicated with the first hydraulic cavity and the second hydraulic cavity, and the reversing part is also provided with a return pipeline for recovering the pressure relief water in the first hydraulic cavity and/or the second hydraulic cavity;

the pressure monitor is arranged at the outlet end of the one-way valve;

the reversing part is a three-position four-way reversing valve which is provided with an inlet end, two outlet ends and a return end,

the outlet of the one-way valve is communicated with a return pipeline through an overflow valve on one hand, and is connected with the inlet end of the three-position four-way reversing valve on the other hand;

the adjusting portion includes a first throttle valve and a second throttle valve;

two outlet ends of the three-position four-way reversing valve are respectively connected with a first throttling valve and a second throttling valve, the first throttling valve is communicated with the first hydraulic cavity, and the second throttling valve is communicated with the second hydraulic cavity;

and the return pipeline is connected with the return end of the three-position four-way reversing valve.

Preferably, a bearing seat is arranged on the centrifugal machine shell, and a support bearing is arranged in the bearing seat to support and fix the driving shaft part; the bearing seat is provided with a bearing cavity air inlet so as to introduce inactive gas into the bearing cavity to realize pressurization, a gap between the contact surface of the driving shaft part and the centrifugal machine shell is communicated with the bearing cavity, and the bearing cavity air inlet is the second pressurization part.

Preferably, the centrifugal assembly comprises a pushing disc part and a rotating drum which is matched with the pushing disc part to rotate, and the pushing disc part and the rotating drum are coaxially arranged and enclose to form a centrifugal cavity; the push disc part comprises a front push disc, a rear push disc and a connecting rod for connecting the front push disc and the rear push disc, the front push disc and the rotary drum are in clearance fit, the contact surfaces of the front push disc and the rotary drum are arranged in a sealing manner, and a turnover filter cloth for connecting the rear push disc and the rotary drum is arranged between the rear push disc and the rotary drum;

the driving shaft part comprises a driving shaft fixedly connected with the rotary drum and a push disc shaft fixedly connected with the rear push disc; the driving shaft is a hollow sleeve, the push disc is sleeved in the driving shaft, the driving shaft and the push disc shaft synchronously rotate under the action of respective power mechanisms, and the push disc shaft can also axially move along the driving shaft under the action of corresponding power mechanisms, so that the filter cloth is overturned and taken out or taken back to the rotary drum;

the gap between the driving shaft and the pushing disc shaft is communicated with the bearing cavity or an external high-pressure inactive gas source, and the pressure intensity in the gap between the driving shaft and the pushing disc shaft is greater than the pressure intensity in the centrifugal machine.

Preferably, the push disc shaft is connected with the driving shaft through a sliding bearing, a push disc shaft sealing part is arranged on the push disc shaft to prevent materials in the centrifuge from entering a gap between the push disc shaft and the driving shaft, an isolation cavity is formed by enclosing the push disc shaft sealing part and the sliding bearing, and an air passage is formed in the driving shaft to communicate the isolation cavity with the bearing cavity.

Preferably, the centrifuge comprises a sealed shell, one side of the shell is a centrifugal cavity formed by the centrifugal assembly, and the other side of the shell is a filter cake collecting cavity; the shell is provided with an air inlet for introducing high-pressure inactive gas into the centrifuge including the filter cake collecting cavity, and the air inlet is a first pressurization part.

Preferably, the shell is provided with a recovery port, the recovery port is connected with one end of a gas recovery pipe, and the other end of the gas recovery pipe is communicated with a gas phase outlet of the gas-liquid separator to recover inactive gas in the centrifuge; a pressure sensor is arranged on the gas recovery pipe;

the gas-liquid separator comprises a barrel body communicated with a mother liquid collecting cavity in the centrifuge, a conical liquid outlet is arranged at the bottom of the barrel body, the opening and closing of the conical liquid outlet are controlled by a liquid outlet valve, and a gas outlet is arranged at the top of the barrel body to discharge and recycle inactive gas; the centrifugal machine is characterized in that a gas-liquid inlet is formed in the barrel, a gas-liquid outlet communicated with the mother liquid collecting cavity is formed in the centrifugal machine, the gas-liquid outlet is gradually narrowed along a pipe orifice in the direction away from the centrifugal machine, and the gas-liquid outlet is communicated with the gas-liquid inlet.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the invention comprises a fixed guide mechanism, a driving mechanism and a hose.

Fixed guiding mechanism is fixed to be set up in centrifuge's the outside, and this fixed guiding mechanism is used for carrying out bearing and direction to the inlet pipe along rotor length direction to ensure that the inlet pipe stretches out and draws back along rotor length direction invariably, establish the basis for realizing the even cloth along rotor length direction.

The driving mechanism is used for driving the feeding pipe to stretch along the length direction of the rotor, the driving mechanism is used for driving the feeding pipe to stretch along the length direction of the rotor at a relatively stable speed, and when the feeding pipe stretches along the length direction of the rotor at a relatively stable speed, materials in the feeding pipe can be uniformly distributed along the length direction of the rotor, so that the aim of uniformly distributing the materials is fulfilled.

The hose is connected with the inlet end of the feeding pipe and used for supplying materials to the feeding pipe. When the feeding pipe stretches along the length direction of the rotor, the feeding pipe has a set stretching stroke S inevitably, and the elasticity of the hose can be just used for eliminating the stretching stroke S of the absorbing feeding pipe, so that the feeding pipe can realize the reciprocating stretching function and can obtain continuous feeding.

(2) The driving mechanism of the present invention is not limited to a specific type and structure, and the driving mechanism is only required to be able to drive the feeding pipe to extend and retract along the length direction of the rotor at a relatively stable speed. Therefore, the drive mechanism may be of an electromechanical or hydraulic type. Electromechanical type structure for example adopts lead screw nut drive mode, and motor drive lead screw rotates, and the lead screw drives the nut and removes, then with nut and inlet pipe fixed connection.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drive mechanism is a hydraulic drive mechanism. In order to facilitate the work of the hydraulic driving mechanism, a guide cylinder and a guide piston are arranged in the fixed guide mechanism, a first gland and a second gland are respectively arranged at two ends of the guide cylinder, the guide piston is arranged in the guide cylinder, a first hydraulic cavity is formed between the guide piston and the first gland, and a second hydraulic cavity is formed between the guide piston and the second gland. The hydraulic driving mechanism is provided with two driving ends, wherein one driving end is communicated with the first hydraulic cavity, and the other driving end is communicated with the second hydraulic cavity; and the hydraulic driving mechanism supplies pressure to the first hydraulic cavity and the second hydraulic cavity alternately through the two driving ends so as to drive the guide piston and drive the feeding pipe to reciprocate. In the working process, when the first hydraulic pressure chamber supplies pressure, the second hydraulic pressure chamber releases pressure, and when the second hydraulic pressure chamber supplies pressure, the first hydraulic pressure chamber releases pressure. When needing to overhaul or stop working for a long time, first hydraulic pressure chamber and the equal pressure release in second hydraulic pressure chamber to discharge the liquid in first hydraulic pressure chamber and the second hydraulic pressure chamber.

It should be noted that the hydraulic liquid provided by the invention can be tap water without special hydraulic oil, so that the cost is further saved, and the working environment is green and environment-friendly.

(3) The piston guide ring is coaxially arranged on the outer wall of the piston, and the piston guide ring and the guide cylinder form sliding fit and are used for realizing smooth sliding of the piston along the axial direction of the guide cylinder. The material of the piston guide ring is preferably copper or polytetrafluoroethylene.

(4) According to the invention, a first guide sleeve is coaxially arranged on the inner wall, attached to the feeding pipe, of the first gland, a second guide sleeve is coaxially arranged on the inner wall, attached to the feeding pipe, of the second gland, and the first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve are in sliding fit with the feeding pipe. The first guide sleeve and the second guide sleeve are arranged powerfully, and smooth sliding of the feeding pipe is guaranteed.

(5) Because the feed pipe is driven by the hydraulic driving mechanism to reciprocate and extend, the sealing of the hydraulic medium when the piston moves becomes an important and critical problem. In order to ensure that the hydraulic medium is not connected in series or leaked, and simultaneously, the piston can smoothly slide, the piston and the first gland and the second gland on the two sides of the piston are provided with sealing parts.

For the piston, it is the piston inner wall and the piston outer wall that need to be sealed. At least one piston sealing ring is arranged between the inner wall of the piston and the outer wall of the feeding pipe, so that the phenomenon of series flow of the inner wall of the piston is avoided. For the outer wall of the piston, the piston sealing rings are respectively arranged on the two sides of the piston guide ring, and the piston sealing rings on the two sides of the piston guide ring effectively prevent the outer wall of the piston from streaming. Therefore, the piston sealing ring arranged on the inner wall of the piston and the piston sealing ring arranged on the outer wall of the piston are matched with each other, so that the isolation and the sealing between the first hydraulic cavity and the second hydraulic cavity are realized, and the streaming phenomenon of hydraulic media in the first hydraulic cavity and the second hydraulic cavity is effectively prevented.

And the sealing structures of the glands on the two sides of the guide cylinder are completely consistent and have no difference. Taking the first gland as an example, the inner wall of the first gland forms the O-shaped ring and the dust blocking ring of the first gland which are combined and sealed, wherein the opening of the dust blocking ring of the first gland faces the side of the first hydraulic cavity. The O-shaped ring on the inner side of the first gland is matched with the dust blocking ring of the first gland to realize the sealing of the inner wall of the first gland. The outer wall of the first gland is provided with an O-shaped ring which is attached to the outer side of the first gland and used for sealing the outer wall of the first gland. Thereby inboard O type circle of first gland, first gland keep off the dust circle and cooperate with the O type circle in the first gland outside, realize the sealed of first gland department jointly.

(6) In order to ensure uniform distribution, the telescopic speed of the feeding pipe is required to be adjusted according to actual conditions on site. Therefore, the invention also provides a first throttle valve between the reversing valve and the liquid inlet and outlet port of the first hydraulic cavity, and a second throttle valve between the reversing valve and the liquid inlet and outlet port of the second hydraulic cavity, wherein the flow entering the first hydraulic cavity or the second hydraulic cavity can be adjusted through the first throttle valve and the second throttle valve, so that the purpose of adjusting the telescopic speed is achieved, and the matching with the material filtering performance, the technical parameters and the operating parameters of a rotary drum in a centrifugal part is better realized.

(7) The driving shaft part drives the centrifugal assembly in the centrifugal machine to rotate so as to realize centrifugal operation on materials, and the centrifugal machine is filled with inactive gas so as to achieve the pressurization effect and improve the safety during the centrifugal operation; when the centrifugal machine is pressurized, external air is prevented from entering the centrifugal machine; on the basis of high-pressure environment in the centrifugal machine, filling inactive gas into a gap between contact surfaces of a driving shaft and a shell of the centrifugal machine for pressurization treatment, so that the pressure in the gap between the driving shaft and the contact surfaces of the shell of the centrifugal machine is greater than the pressure in the centrifugal machine, and a pressure difference is formed to prevent materials in the centrifugal machine from entering a shaft system of the driving shaft.

(8) The centrifugal machine is provided with the bearing seat, and the support bearing is arranged in the bearing seat to fix the driving shaft part; high-pressure inactive gas is introduced into the bearing cavity through the bearing cavity gas inlet, so that the high-pressure inactive gas can flow into a gap between the contact surface of the driving shaft and the shell of the centrifugal machine, and the pressurization process is realized.

Furthermore, the labyrinth seal can be arranged at the opening part of the bearing seat communicated with the inner cavity of the centrifugal machine, so that the labyrinth seal is arranged along the axial direction of the driving shaft in a stepped manner, and a step-by-step throttling effect is generated through the change of the clearance, thereby achieving the best sealing effect.

The high pressure in the invention means that the pressure of the charged inert gas is at least larger than the pressure in the centrifuge when the centrifuge normally works, and of course, the pressure of the charged inert gas can be determined according to the actual production condition.

(9) The invention realizes the centrifugation and the unloading operation by the matching of the rotary drum and the pushing disc part, and the rotary drum and the pushing disc part are enclosed to form a centrifugal cavity for providing a centrifugation environment; the push disc part is driven by the push disc shaft to move axially along the driving shaft, and the filter cloth is taken out of or back to the rotary drum, so that the centrifugal and unloading processes can be switched.

(10) The driving shaft part comprises a driving shaft and a push disc shaft, wherein the driving shaft is internally hollow so as to provide an installation environment of the push disc shaft; make and push away the sealed portion of dish axle and slide bearing and enclose to close and form and keep apart the chamber, through seting up the air flue in the drive shaft, can realize keeping apart the intercommunication in chamber and bearing chamber to in introducing the shafting of pushing away the dish axle with high-pressure inactive gas, be in the clearance between messenger's pushing away dish axle and the drive shaft and be higher than the state, prevent in the material gets into the shafting of pushing away the dish axle, prevent that material and shafting friction from generating heat, improved centrifugal process's factor of safety.

(11) According to the invention, the centrifugal assembly is arranged in the shell, and the filter cake can be directly discharged into the filter cake collecting cavity of the shell after the centrifugation is finished; the filter cake collecting cavity is also filled with inactive gas for pressurization treatment so as to reduce the oxygen content in the shell or ensure that the oxygen content in the shell is reduced to be below an explosion limit value, and the safety during centrifugal operation is improved. By introducing the feeding pipe, suspended liquid materials can be continuously supplemented while the centrifugal operation is carried out, the operation can be carried out for a long time without stopping, and the centrifugal efficiency is improved.

(12) According to the invention, the gas-liquid separator is arranged to be communicated with the mother liquid collecting cavity, and after mother liquid in the mother liquid collecting cavity is thrown into the gas-liquid separator, the mother liquid flows downwards under the influence of gravity and is collected or discharged; the inactive gas mixed in the mother liquid is discharged upwards and returns back to the shell through the gas recovery pipe, so that the cyclic utilization of the inactive gas is realized, the whole device is ensured to be kept in a preset pressure state, and the inactive gas is also kept in a balanced state.

(13) The main functions of the inactive gas in the invention are that the pressure in the centrifuge and at the opening of the centrifuge can be enhanced, the oxygen content in the centrifuge can be reduced, and the inactive gas can not react with the materials in the centrifuge. Generally, inert gases and nitrogen are preferred as the inert gas in the present invention.

In addition, it should be noted that as long as the air pressure in the centrifuge is increased, the oxygen content is decreased, and the safety of the centrifuge in operation is improved. Of course, the safety performance of the centrifuge is optimized when the amount of inert gas charged reduces the oxygen concentration in the centrifuge below the explosion limit.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the fixed guide mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydraulic drive mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the uniformly-fed micro positive pressure gas sealed type bag-turning automatic centrifuge applied to a filter for discharging.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a centrifuge with a first pressure increasing section and a second pressure increasing section.

Fig. 6 is a side view of fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the centrifuge in a discharge state.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged schematic view at C in fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged schematic view at B in fig. 5.

The reference symbols in the drawings have the following meanings:

1-a box body; 2-a filter; 3-pump inlet; 4-liquid; 5-a pump; 6-pump outlet; 7-a one-way valve; 8-relief valves; 9-a pressure gauge; 10-a three-position four-way reversing valve; 11-a first throttle valve; 12-a second hydraulic chamber; 13-a first hydraulic chamber; 14-a hose; 15-feed pipe; 16-a first gland; 17-an O-ring inside the first gland; 18-a first gland dust ring; 19-an outer O-ring of the first gland; 20-a first guide sleeve; 21-a piston; 22-piston sealing ring; 23-piston guide ring; 24-piston seal ring; 25-a collar; 26-material; 27-a first static seal; 28-rotating the drum; 29-a filter; 110-a second throttle valve; 120-a second liquid inlet/outlet; 130-a third liquid inlet and outlet;

a1-discharge valve; a2-cake outlet; a3-filter cake collecting chamber; a4-forward push plate;

a8-shell; a81-rear cover plate; a9-recovery port; a10-gas recovery tube; a11-air inlet; a12 — second static seal; a 13-cone seal; A15-Filter cloth; a16-water retaining ring; a17-labyrinth seal; a171-first radial labyrinth seal; a172-second axial straight-through labyrinth seal; a173-third radial labyrinth seal; a18-packing; a181-left packing; a182-right packing; a 19-support bearing; a20-bearing cavity air inlet; a21-bearing seat; a22-double layer oil seal; a23-filter cake; a24-mother liquor collection chamber; a25 — airways; a 26-plain bearing; a 27-cannula; a 28-separation chamber; a29-pressure ring; a30 — total air intake; a 31-pressure sensor; a32-gas-liquid separator; a321-barrel body; a3211-a conical liquid outlet; a3212-liquid outlet valve; a322-gas liquid inlet; a323-gas outlet; a33-gas-liquid outlet; a34-purge port; a35 — drive shaft; a36-pusher shaft; a37-rear pushing plate; A38-Link.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a uniform-feeding micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning automatic centrifuge comprises a feeding pipe 15 and a sealed centrifuge, and further comprises the following components:

the fixed guide mechanism is fixed on the centrifuge and is used for supporting the feeding pipe 15 and guiding the feeding pipe 15, the feeding pipe 15 passes through the fixed guide mechanism to enter the interior of the centrifuge, and the discharge port of the feeding pipe 15 is inserted into a centrifugal cavity of the centrifuge;

the driving mechanism is used for driving the feeding pipe 15 to move back and forth along the limited direction of the fixed guide mechanism, so that the discharge port of the feeding pipe 15 reciprocates in the centrifugal cavity to realize uniform distribution;

the hose 14 is connected with the feeding hole of the feeding pipe 15 and is used for absorbing the telescopic stroke of the feeding pipe 15;

a centrifugal assembly is arranged in the centrifugal machine, and the driving shaft part penetrates through the shell of the centrifugal machine and drives the centrifugal assembly to rotate so as to realize centrifugal treatment on materials in the centrifugal cavity; the centrifugal machine is internally provided with a first pressurizing part for pressurizing the inside of the centrifugal machine, the centrifugal machine is also provided with a second pressurizing part for pressurizing a gap between the driving shaft part and the contact surface of the shell of the centrifugal machine, the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part are filled with inactive gas for pressurizing, and the pressure intensity in the gap between the driving shaft part and the contact surface of the shell of the centrifugal machine is greater than the pressure intensity in the centrifugal machine.

Therefore, the uniformly-fed micro-positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning type automatic centrifuge mainly comprises a two-part structure, wherein one part is a telescopic uniform feeding device consisting of a fixed guide mechanism, a driving mechanism and a hose 14, and the other part is a centrifuge main body part with a pressurizing part.

The following describes the components of the centrifuge of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

One, telescopic even feed arrangement

1. Fixed guide mechanism

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the fixed guide mechanism includes a cylindrical guide part, two ends of the guide part are closed, and one end of the guide part is fixedly connected with the centrifuge housing;

a guide piston 21 is arranged in the guide part, a first hydraulic cavity 13 is formed between the guide piston 21 and one end of the guide part, a second hydraulic cavity 12 is formed between the guide piston 21 and the other end of the guide part, and the feed pipe 15 is inserted into the guide part and sequentially passes through the first hydraulic cavity 13, the guide piston 21 and the second hydraulic cavity 12 to enter the centrifuge; the guide piston 21 is fixedly connected with the feeding pipe 15;

as shown in fig. 2, the guiding portion includes a guiding cylinder, a first gland 16 and a second gland 160, the first gland 16 and the second gland 160 are respectively fixed to two ends of the guiding cylinder in a sealing manner, and the second gland 160 is fixedly connected with the centrifuge shell;

the guide piston 21 is arranged in the guide cylinder, a first hydraulic chamber 13 is formed between the guide piston 21 and the first gland 16, a second hydraulic chamber 12 is formed between the guide piston 21 and the second gland 160, the feed pipe 15 sequentially passes through the first gland 16, the first hydraulic chamber 13, the guide piston 21, the second hydraulic chamber 12 and the second gland 160 to enter the centrifuge, and specifically, a discharge port of the feed pipe 15 extends into a centrifugal chamber surrounded by centrifugal components of the centrifuge.

As shown in FIG. 2, the feed pipe 15 is provided with a shoulder at a proper position according to the size of the telescopic stroke S, the piston 21 is coaxially arranged on the feed pipe 15, and the side of the piston 21, which is far away from the shoulder, can be fixed by the collar 25 for the shaft, so that the axial position of the piston 21 can be fixed.

Further, as shown in fig. 2, a piston seal ring 24 is provided between the inner cylindrical surface of the piston 21 and the outer cylindrical surface of the feed pipe 15, and the piston seal ring 24 may be provided in a single passage or in a plurality of passages, depending on the size of the piston 21 and the magnitude of the hydraulic force. When the piston 21 is small in size and small in hydraulic force (approximately equal to below 0.5 MPa), the single piston sealing ring 24 can be adopted.

In order to ensure smooth axial sliding of the piston 21 and avoid hard-to-hard friction, a piston guide ring 23 is coaxially arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the piston 21, and the piston guide ring 23 is generally made of copper or polytetrafluoroethylene. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 2, piston seal rings 22 are coaxially provided on both sides of a piston guide ring 23 on the outer cylindrical surface of the piston 21. Through the internal and external sealing of the piston sealing ring 22 and the piston sealing ring 24, the first hydraulic cavity 13 and the second hydraulic cavity 12 are completely isolated, so that the axial telescopic action of the driving mechanism automatic driving piston 21 is realized by controlling the hydraulic pressure difference of the first hydraulic cavity 13 and the second hydraulic cavity 12, and the feeding pipe 15 axially and fixedly arranged on the piston 21 is driven to do telescopic motion.

As shown in fig. 2, a first gland 16 is disposed on the first hydraulic chamber 13 side, a first guide sleeve 20 is coaxially disposed on the inner cylindrical surface of the first gland 16, and the first guide sleeve 20 is generally made of copper or polytetrafluoroethylene; the first guide sleeve 20 is concentrically matched with the outer cylindrical surface of the feeding pipe 15, so that the feeding pipe 15 can stretch and retract smoothly. In order to prevent foreign matters such as external dust from being brought into the first hydraulic cavity 13 through the telescopic action of the feeding pipe 15, the inner cylindrical surface of the first gland 16 is provided with a first gland inner side O-shaped ring 17 which is combined and sealed with the first gland dust blocking ring 18, and the opening of the first gland dust blocking ring 18 faces the side of the first hydraulic cavity 13, so that the structural design can effectively ensure the hydraulic pressure of the side of the first hydraulic cavity 13 and can also effectively ensure that the external foreign matters cannot invade the first hydraulic cavity 13. The outer cylindrical surface of the first gland 16 is provided with a first gland outer side O-shaped ring 19, so that the sealing performance of the first hydraulic cavity 13 is ensured. The present invention also provides a first fluid inlet and outlet 130 on the wall of the first hydraulic chamber 13 adjacent the first gland 16.

As shown in fig. 2, like the first hydraulic chamber 13, the second hydraulic chamber 12 is provided with a second gland 160, an inner cylindrical surface of the second gland 160 is coaxially provided with a second guide sleeve 200, the second guide sleeve 200 is generally made of copper or polytetrafluoroethylene, and the second guide sleeve 200 is concentrically engaged with an outer cylindrical surface of the feed pipe 15, so as to ensure smooth extension and retraction of the feed pipe 15. In order to prevent foreign matters such as external dust and materials 26 from being brought into the second hydraulic chamber 12 through the telescopic action of the feeding pipe 15, the inner cylindrical surface of the second gland 160 is provided with the second gland inner side O-shaped ring 170 which is combined and sealed with the second gland dust-blocking ring 180, and the opening of the second gland dust-blocking ring 180 faces the second hydraulic chamber 12 side, so that the hydraulic pressure of the second hydraulic chamber 12 side can be effectively ensured, and the external foreign matters and the materials 26 can not invade the second hydraulic chamber 12. The outer cylindrical surface of the second gland 160 is provided with a second gland outer side O-ring 190, so that the sealing performance of the second hydraulic cavity 12 is effectively ensured. Similarly, the present invention also provides a second fluid inlet/outlet port 120 on the wall of the second hydraulic chamber 12 near the second gland 160.

2. Driving mechanism

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the driving mechanism in this embodiment is a hydraulic driving mechanism, and the hydraulic driving mechanism is provided with two driving ends, one of the driving ends is communicated with the first hydraulic cavity 13, and the other driving end is communicated with the second hydraulic cavity 12; the hydraulic driving mechanism supplies pressure to the first hydraulic cavity 13 and the second hydraulic cavity 12 alternately through two driving ends to drive the guide piston 21 and drive the feeding pipe 15 to reciprocate.

The telescopic speed, the cycle number adjustment and the hydraulic implementation of the feeding pipe 15 are realized through the following working principles: as shown in FIG. 3, the tank 1 contains the liquid 4, and in order to prevent the material 26 and the field environment from being polluted by leakage, overflow and dripping, the liquid 4 is generally tap water without hydraulic oil because the hydraulic power for driving the feeding pipe 15 does not need to be too large (approximately equal to less than 0.5 MPa) and the expansion and contraction frequency is low. The liquid 4 is driven by the pump 5 and enters the pump head from the pump inlet 3, and in order to prevent foreign matters from being entrained in the liquid 4, the security filter 2 can be arranged at the pump inlet 3. The liquid 4 is pressurized by the pump 5 and is output by the pump outlet 6 into the hydraulic circuit.

As shown in fig. 3, the pump outlet 6 is firstly provided with a check valve 7 to prevent the liquid 4 from flowing back; an overflow valve 8 is arranged, and the overflow valve 8 is used for adjusting the pump outlet pressure, namely the hydraulic pressure; the liquid 4 overflowing the overflow valve 8 flows into the tank 1 through the return line 80. And a pipeline at the synchronous position of the pump outlet 6 and the overflow valve 8 is also provided with a pressure monitor for monitoring the hydraulic pressure, and the pressure monitor is a pressure gauge 9. The liquid 4 enters the three-position four-way reversing valve 10 after being monitored by the pressure gauge 9, and the flow direction of the liquid 4 is automatically controlled by the three-position four-way reversing valve 10, so that the extending or retracting action is realized; one path of the outlet of the three-position four-way reversing valve 10 is connected to the first liquid inlet and outlet 130, and the other path is connected to the second liquid inlet and outlet 120.

The three-position four-way reversing valve 10 is a reversing part.

Through the pipeline arrangement, the liquid 4 has certain pressure and automatically enters the first hydraulic cavity 13 or the second hydraulic cavity 12, the piston 21 is driven to stretch, namely, the feeding pipe 15 is driven to stretch synchronously, and the hydraulic force can be adjusted by adjusting the overflow valve 8.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, a first throttle valve 11 is further disposed between the three-position four-way directional valve 10 and the first liquid inlet/outlet 130, a second throttle valve 110 is further disposed between the three-position four-way directional valve 10 and the second liquid inlet/outlet 120, and the flow entering the first hydraulic chamber 13 or the second hydraulic chamber 12 can be adjusted through the first throttle valve 11 and the second throttle valve 110, so that the purpose of adjusting the telescopic speed is achieved, and the matching with the filtering performance of the material 26, the technical parameters of the rotary drum 28 and the operation parameters is better achieved.

The first throttle valve 11 and the second throttle valve 110 constitute the adjusting portion.

The return line 80 is connected to the return end of the three-position, four-way reversing valve 10.

3. Flexible pipe

As shown in fig. 1, the feed end of the feed pipe 15 is connected to the hose 14, and the expansion stroke S of the feed pipe 15 is absorbed by the elasticity of the hose 14. The material 26 passes through the hose 14, feed tube 15 and into the interior of the bowl 28 of the centrifuge.

4. Feed pipe and rotary drum matching part

To ensure that the material 26 cannot flow out of the drum 28 along the feed tube 15, a first static seal 27 is provided between the feed tube 15 and the front cover of the drum 28. As shown in FIG. 1, under the action of hydraulic force, the axial movement stroke of the feeding pipe 15 is the stroke S of the piston 21, and during the axial movement of the feeding pipe 15, the material is uniformly and linearly distributed (or washed) along the axial direction of the rotary drum 28, when the feeding pipe 15 inputs washing liquid, the washing process is completed. Because the material outlet has a certain pressure, the length L of the rotary drum 28 is generally larger than the stroke S, and effective material distribution can be ensured along the length L direction of the rotary drum 28. According to the filtering performance of the material 26, the technical parameters and the operation parameters of the rotary drum 28 and the like, the expansion speed, the cycle times and the like of the feeding pipe 15 can be adjusted, so that the technical parameters and the operation parameters of the rotary drum 28 are synchronously coordinated, and the feeding and washing effects are optimized.

5. Filter with the device

The telescopic uniform feeding device of the invention can be vertically arranged on the filter 29 to suck the supernatant fluid 260.

Of course, it should be noted that when the device is applied to the filtering machine 29 for extracting the supernatant 260, the micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning automatic centrifuge with uniform feeding should be modified to be more suitable for the telescopic uniform drainage device.

As shown in fig. 4, the drain pipe in the telescopic uniform drain device (i.e. the feeding pipe in the uniform feeding micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning type automatic centrifuge) is also connected with the flexible pipe, and the drain pipe passes through the filter 29 and extends into the filter 29.

At the beginning, the liquid inlet of the liquid discharge pipe is near the liquid level of the supernatant 260 in the filter 29 and is far away from the interface of the supernatant 260 and the concentrated liquid 261, so that the concentrated liquid 261 is not disturbed. The liquid inlet of the liquid discharge pipe is driven by hydraulic power to synchronously descend along with the descending of the liquid level of the supernatant liquid 260, the supernatant liquid 260 is sucked clean, and the descending speed of the liquid discharge pipe can be adjusted through the first throttling valve 11 and the right throttling valve 110. The descending stroke S of the drain pipe can be automatically changed through the three-position four-way reversing valve 10, the application range is wide, and the liquid discharging device can be well suitable for different interfaces of the supernatant fluid 260 and the concentrated solution 261.

Secondly, centrifuge body with pressure boosting part

Referring to fig. 5 to 9, in the embodiment of the present invention, the centrifuge includes a housing A8 disposed in a sealing manner, an opening is disposed on a rear side of the housing A8 away from the feeding pipe 15, and the opening is covered and sealed by a rear cover plate a 81. A centrifugal assembly is arranged in the shell A8 and close to the side of the rear side opening, the centrifugal assembly comprises a push disc part and a rotary drum 28 which is matched with the push disc part to rotate, and the push disc part and the rotary drum 28 are coaxially arranged and enclose to form a centrifugal cavity; the disc pushing part comprises a front pushing disc A4, a rear pushing disc A37 and a connecting rod A38 for connecting the front pushing disc and the rear pushing disc, the front pushing disc A4 and the front end of the rotary drum 28 form clearance fit, the contact surface of the front pushing disc A4 and the front end of the rotary drum 28 are arranged in a sealing mode, a reversible filter cloth A15 for connecting the front pushing disc A4 and the rotary drum 28 is arranged between the rear pushing disc A37 and the rotary drum 28, and the filter cloth A15 is used for intercepting solid residues during centrifugal operation.

As shown in fig. 5, the contact surface of the forward disk a4 and the rotary drum 28 is provided with a second static seal a12 to achieve a sealing effect. The second static seal A12 is made of various rubbers such as fluororubber or polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, and is selected according to material characteristics, and the shape is preferably annular.

As shown in fig. 5, the rotary drum 28 encloses a mother liquor collecting chamber a24 with a casing A8 and a rear cover plate a 81. The mother liquor obtained after filtration of the material 26 in suspension form entering the centrifugation chamber passes through the opening in the rotating drum 28 into the mother liquor collection chamber a 24.

As shown in fig. 5, the radially inwardly extending annular extension of the housing A8 is in clearance fit with the front end of the drum 28, and the contact surfaces are in sealing arrangement. As shown in fig. 9, it is preferable to provide tapered seals a13 on both sides of the contact surface between the drum 28 and the casing A8 to achieve a sealing function, and the tips of the two tapered seals a13 closely adhere to the connecting surface between the casing A8 and the drum 28, i.e., the sealing surface. And meanwhile, the shell A8 is provided with a purging port A34 for purging the materials bonded at the two conical seals A13.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, one end edge of the filter cloth a15 is fixed at the front end of the rotary drum 28, and the rear push disc a37 is fixedly connected with the other end edge of the filter cloth a 15. The push disc part is matched with the filter cloth A15 to realize the following two working processes:

during centrifugal operation, the rear push disc A37 pushes the filter cloth A15 into a centrifugal cavity under the action of a push disc shaft A36, the rotary drum 28 rotates synchronously with the push disc part, meanwhile, the suspension-shaped material 26 is centrifuged among the inner filtering surface of the filter cloth A15, the front push disc A4 and the disc surface of the rear push disc A37, the filter cloth A15 intercepts solid residues to form a filter cake A23, and mother liquor in the suspension-shaped material 26 permeates through the filter cloth A15, passes through holes in the rotary drum 28 and enters a mother liquor collecting cavity A24;

after the centrifugation is finished, the rear push disc A37 drives the filter cloth A15 to exit from the centrifugation cavity under the action of the push disc shaft A36, so that the inner filtering surface of the filter cloth A15 is driven to turn over and be exposed in the filter cake collecting cavity A3, and the filter cake A23 falls into the filter cake collecting cavity A3 under the action of gravity.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the areas of the housing A8 except the centrifuge are both a filter cake collecting chamber A3, the housing A8 is provided with two air inlets a11 which are respectively communicated with the filter cake collecting chamber A3 and the mother liquor collecting chamber a24, and inert gas or nitrogen is filled into the two chambers, and the pressure of the filled gas is kept at 3-4 KPa. The two air inlets A11 can be communicated through the total air inlet A30, so that air is inflated simultaneously and the pressure is kept consistent; of course, the two air inlets A11 can be inflated separately.

The inlet a11 is the first boost portion.

The driving shaft part comprises a driving shaft A35 fixedly connected with the rotary drum 28 and also comprises a push disc shaft A36 fixedly connected with the rear push disc A37; the rotary drum 28 is driven to rotate by a drive shaft a35, and the pusher section is driven to rotate by a pusher shaft a 36. The driving shaft A35 and the pushing disc shaft A36 are coaxially arranged, the driving shaft A35 is hollow inside to form a shaft cavity for the pushing disc shaft A36 to be installed in, and one end of the pushing disc shaft A36 penetrates through the shaft cavity to be connected with the corresponding driving end; the push disc shaft A36 can also move axially along the driving shaft A35 under the action of the corresponding driving end, so that the filter cloth A15 is overturned to be taken out of or back to the rotary drum 28;

as shown in fig. 5, the rear cover plate a81 extends axially along the driving shaft a35 to form a bearing seat a21, and a supporting bearing a19 is installed in the bearing seat a21 to support and fix the driving shaft a 35. The two support bearings a19 are preferably arranged on the left and right sides in the bearing seat a21 to form a double-point support, and the two support bearings a19 and the bearing seat a21 enclose to form a bearing cavity a 200. In actual operation, the number of the supporting bearings a19 is determined according to actual conditions.

The two supporting bearings A19 are fixed with a double-layer oil seal A22 on the side far away from the bearing cavity A200, and the double-layer oil seal A22 comprises a left oil seal and a right oil seal, and the lips of the left oil seal and the right oil seal face away from each other.

As shown in fig. 5, in order to prevent the material in the centrifuge from entering the bearing cavity a200, it is preferable that a bearing cavity inlet a20 is provided on the bearing seat a21, so as to introduce inert gas or nitrogen into the bearing cavity a200, and the pressure of the introduced gas is maintained at 3 to 4KPa +0.2 to 0.5 KPa; the same sealing effect can be achieved by introducing an inert gas or nitrogen directly into the gap between the contact surfaces of the drive shaft a35 and the housing A8 in other ways.

The bearing cavity air inlet A20 is the second pressure increasing part.

Further, as shown in fig. 5, in order to improve the sealing effect, a labyrinth seal a17 arranged in a stepped manner along the axial direction of the driving shaft a35 is arranged at the opening of the bearing seat a21 communicated with the inner cavity of the centrifuge, and the labyrinth seal a17 is positioned between the supporting bearing a19 and the centrifuge. As shown in fig. 8, in a preferred embodiment, labyrinth seal a17 includes a first radial labyrinth seal a171, a second axial straight-through labyrinth seal a172, and a third radial labyrinth seal a173, which are connected in series in a direction away from the centrifuge. In practice, the number of labyrinth seals 17 depends on the operating conditions.

As shown in fig. 8, a sliding bearing a26 is arranged between the push disc shaft a36 and the driving shaft a35 to support and position the push disc shaft a 35; a packing A18 is fixed in a gap between the push disk shaft A36 and the side, adjacent to the drive shaft A35, of the centrifuge to realize a sealing effect.

The packing A18 comprises a left packing A181 and a right packing A182, a sleeve A27 surrounding a push disc shaft A36 is clamped and fixed between the left packing A181 and the right packing A182, and the left packing A181, the right packing A182 and the sleeve A27 enclose to form an isolation cavity A28; one end of the right packing A182, which is far away from the isolation cavity A28, is abutted against the sliding bearing A26, and one end of the left packing A181, which is far away from the isolation cavity A28, is pressed and fixed through the pressing ring A29. An air channel A25 is formed in the driving shaft A35 to communicate the isolation cavity A28 with the bearing cavity A200, and high-pressure inert gas or nitrogen is introduced into a gap between the thrust disc shaft A36 and the driving shaft A35.

In the practical use process, the packing A18 can be replaced by any seal, so that an isolation cavity A28 is enclosed between any seal and the sliding bearing A26, and the isolation cavity A28 and the bearing cavity A200 are communicated in the same way; or it is equally feasible to place the isolation chamber a28 in communication with an external source of high pressure inert gas.

The feeding pipe 15 coaxial with the driving shaft A35 passes through the shell A8 and the front push disc A4 from the front end of the centrifuge in sequence to be communicated with the centrifugal cavity, so that the material 26 in suspension is introduced into the centrifugal cavity, and the contact surface of the feeding pipe 15 and the front push disc A4 is sealed, and is usually sealed by a first static seal A5. The first static seal A5 is made of various rubbers such as fluororubber or polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, and is selected according to material characteristics, and the shape is preferably annular.

As shown in fig. 5, a water retaining ring a16 coaxial with the driving shaft a35 is disposed on the housing wall of the housing A8 on the side of the bearing seat a21, and blocks mother liquor from flowing onto the rear cover plate a81 to affect the sealing structure.

As shown in fig. 5 and 7, a filter cake outlet a2 is arranged at the bottom of a filter cake collecting cavity A3 in a housing A8, the opening and closing of the filter cake outlet a2 is controlled by a discharge valve a1, and a discharge valve a1 is in a closed state in the centrifugal process; after the centrifugation is completed, the filter cake in the centrifuge is discharged into the filter cake collecting chamber a 3.

As shown in fig. 5, a recovery port a9 is provided in the casing A8, the recovery port a9 is connected to one end of a gas recovery pipe a10, and the other end of the gas recovery pipe a10 is connected to the gas outlet a323 of the gas-liquid separator a32 to recover inert gas; a pressure sensor A31 is arranged on the gas recovery pipe A10 to monitor the pressure in real time, and when the pressure in the shell A8 is lower than a set value, the gas is automatically supplied through the gas inlet A11; when the pressure sensor A31 senses that the pressure value reaches the set value, the air inlet A11 stops air inlet.

As shown in fig. 6, the gas-liquid separator a32 includes a cylinder a321 communicated with a mother liquid collecting cavity a24 in the centrifuge, the cylinder a321 is a vertical cylinder, the bottom of the cylinder a321 is a conical liquid outlet a3211 opened and closed by a liquid outlet valve a3212, and the top of the cylinder a321 is provided with a gas outlet a323 for discharging and recycling the inert gas; a gas-liquid inlet A322 is tangentially arranged on the cylinder A321, a gas-liquid outlet A33 communicated with the mother liquid collecting cavity A24 is tangentially arranged on the shell A8, a pipe orifice of the gas-liquid outlet A33 is gradually narrowed along the direction far away from the centrifugal machine, and the gas-liquid outlet A33 is communicated with the gas-liquid inlet A322.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an automatic centrifuge of sealed formula of turning over of gentle positive pressure gas seal of even feeding, includes inlet pipe (15) and including sealed centrifuge, its characterized in that still includes following component parts:

the fixed guide mechanism is fixed on the centrifuge and is used for supporting the feeding pipe (15) and guiding the feeding pipe (15), the feeding pipe (15) penetrates through the fixed guide mechanism to enter the interior of the centrifuge, and a discharge port of the feeding pipe (15) is inserted into a centrifugal cavity of the centrifuge;

the driving mechanism is used for driving the feeding pipe (15) to move back and forth along the limited direction of the fixed guide mechanism, so that the discharge port of the feeding pipe (15) reciprocates in the centrifugal cavity to realize uniform distribution;

the hose (14) is connected with the feeding port of the feeding pipe (15) and is used for absorbing the telescopic stroke of the feeding pipe (15);

a centrifugal assembly is arranged in the centrifugal machine, and the driving shaft part penetrates through the shell of the centrifugal machine and drives the centrifugal assembly to rotate so as to realize centrifugal treatment on materials in the centrifugal cavity; the centrifugal machine is internally provided with a first pressurizing part for pressurizing the inside of the centrifugal machine, the centrifugal machine is also provided with a second pressurizing part for pressurizing a gap between the driving shaft part and the contact surface of the shell of the centrifugal machine, the first pressurizing part and the second pressurizing part are filled with inactive gas for pressurizing, and the pressure intensity in the gap between the driving shaft part and the contact surface of the shell of the centrifugal machine is greater than the pressure intensity in the centrifugal machine.

2. The automatic bag-type centrifuge of the uniform feeding micro positive pressure gas sealing type according to claim 1, wherein the fixed guide mechanism comprises a cylindrical guide part, the guide part comprises a guide cylinder, a first gland (16) and a second gland (160), the first gland (16) and the second gland (160) are respectively fixed on two ends of the guide cylinder in a sealing manner, and the second gland (160) is fixedly connected with the centrifuge;

a guide piston (21) is arranged in the guide part, the guide piston (21) is arranged in the guide cylinder, a first hydraulic cavity (13) is formed between the guide piston (21) and the first gland (16), a second hydraulic cavity (12) is formed between the guide piston (21) and the second gland (160), and the feed pipe (15) sequentially penetrates through the first gland (16), the first hydraulic cavity (13), the guide piston (21), the second hydraulic cavity (12) and the second gland (160) to enter the centrifuge; the guide piston (21) is fixedly connected with the feeding pipe (15);

the driving mechanism is a hydraulic driving mechanism, and the hydraulic driving mechanism is provided with two driving ends, wherein one driving end is communicated with the first hydraulic cavity (13), and the other driving end is communicated with the second hydraulic cavity (12); the hydraulic driving mechanism supplies pressure to the first hydraulic cavity (13) and the second hydraulic cavity (12) alternately through two driving ends to drive the guide piston (21) and drive the feeding pipe (15) to reciprocate.

3. The micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning type automatic centrifuge of the uniform feeding claim 2, characterized in that at least one piston sealing ring (24) is arranged between the inner wall of the piston (21) and the outer wall of the feeding pipe (15);

the outer wall of the piston (21) is coaxially provided with a piston sealing ring (22) and a piston guide ring (23); the outer wall of the piston guide ring (23) is attached to the inner wall of the guide cylinder, the piston guide ring (23) and the guide cylinder form sliding fit, and the piston sealing rings (22) are respectively arranged on two sides of the piston guide ring (23);

the piston sealing ring (22) and the piston sealing ring (24) are matched with each other to realize the isolation and sealing between the first hydraulic cavity (13) and the second hydraulic cavity (12).

4. The uniform-feeding micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning automatic centrifuge as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that a first guide sleeve (20) is coaxially arranged on the inner wall of the first gland (16) which is attached to the feeding pipe (15), and the first guide sleeve (20) is in sliding fit with the feeding pipe (15); the inner wall of the first gland (16) is also provided with a first gland inner side O-shaped ring (17) and a first gland dust ring (18) which form combined seal, and the opening of the first gland dust ring (18) faces to the side of the first hydraulic cavity (13); the outer wall of the left gland (16) which is attached to the guide cylinder is coaxially provided with a first gland outer side O-shaped ring (19);

a second guide sleeve (200) is coaxially arranged on the inner wall, attached to the feeding pipe (15), of the second gland (160), and the second guide sleeve (200) is in sliding fit with the feeding pipe (15);

the inner wall of the second gland (160) is also provided with a second gland inner side O-shaped ring (170) and a second gland dust ring (180) which form combined sealing, and the opening of the second gland dust ring (180) faces to the side of the second hydraulic cavity (12); the outer wall of the second gland (160) attached to the guide cylinder is coaxially provided with a second gland outer side O-shaped ring (190);

the guide cylinder is provided with a first hydraulic cavity liquid inlet and outlet port (130) at the position of the first hydraulic cavity (13) close to the first gland (16), and a second hydraulic cavity liquid inlet and outlet port (120) at the position of the second hydraulic cavity (112) close to the second gland (160).

5. The uniform-feed micro-positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning automatic centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydraulic drive mechanism comprises a pump (5), a pressure monitor, an overflow valve (8) and a regulating part;

the pump (5) is provided with a filter (2) at the pump inlet (3) and a one-way valve (7) at the pump outlet (6); an outlet of the one-way valve (7) is connected with an inlet pipeline of the reversing part, the reversing part is provided with two output pipelines which are respectively communicated with the first hydraulic cavity (13) and the second hydraulic cavity (12), and the reversing part is also provided with a return pipeline (80) which is used for recovering the pressure relief water in the first hydraulic cavity (13) and/or the second hydraulic cavity (12);

the pressure monitor is arranged at the outlet end of the one-way valve (7);

the reversing part is a three-position four-way reversing valve (10), the three-position four-way reversing valve (10) is provided with an inlet end, two outlet ends and a backflow end,

the outlet of the one-way valve (7) is communicated with a return pipeline (80) through an overflow valve (8) on one hand, and is connected with the inlet end of a three-position four-way reversing valve (10) on the other hand;

the adjusting portion includes a first throttle valve (11) and a second throttle valve (110);

two outlet ends of the three-position four-way reversing valve (10) are respectively connected with a first throttling valve (11) and a second throttling valve (110), the first throttling valve (11) is communicated with a first hydraulic cavity (13), and the second throttling valve (110) is communicated with a second hydraulic cavity (12);

and the return pipeline (80) is connected with the return end of the three-position four-way reversing valve (10).

6. The uniform-feeding micro positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning type automatic centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, wherein a bearing seat (A21) is arranged on the centrifuge housing, and a support bearing (A19) is arranged in the bearing seat (A21) to support and fix the driving shaft part; the bearing seat (A21) is provided with a bearing cavity air inlet (A20) to introduce inactive gas into the bearing cavity (A200) to realize pressurization, a gap between the contact surface of the driving shaft part and the centrifugal machine shell is communicated with the bearing cavity (A200), and the bearing cavity air inlet (A20) is a second pressurization part.

7. The uniformly-fed micro-positive pressure gas sealing type bag-turning automatic centrifuge as claimed in claim 6, wherein the centrifugal assembly comprises a pushing disc part and a rotating drum (28) which is matched with the pushing disc part to rotate, and the pushing disc part and the rotating drum (28) are coaxially arranged and enclose to form a centrifugal cavity; the push disc part comprises a front push disc (A4), a rear push disc (A37) and a connecting rod (A38) for connecting the front push disc and the rear push disc, the front push disc (A4) is in clearance fit with the rotary drum (28), the contact surfaces of the front push disc and the rotary drum are arranged in a sealing mode, and reversible filter cloth (A15) for connecting the rear push disc (A37) and the rotary drum (28) is arranged between the rear push disc (A37) and the rotary drum (28);

the driving shaft part comprises a driving shaft (A35) fixedly connected with the rotary drum (28) and a push disc shaft (A36) fixedly connected with the rear push disc (A37); the driving shaft (A35) is a hollow sleeve, the push disc shaft (A36) is sleeved in the driving shaft (A35), the driving shaft (A35) and the push disc shaft (A36) synchronously rotate under the action of respective power mechanisms, and the push disc shaft (A36) can also axially move along the driving shaft (A35) under the action of the corresponding power mechanisms, so that the filter cloth (A15) is overturned and taken out or taken back to the rotary drum (28);

the gap between the driving shaft (A35) and the push disc shaft (A36) is communicated with the bearing cavity (A200) or an external high-pressure inactive gas source, and the pressure in the gap between the driving shaft (A35) and the push disc shaft (A36) is greater than the pressure in the centrifuge.

8. The automatic bag-type centrifuge of the even-feeding micro positive pressure gas sealing type according to claim 7, wherein the push disk shaft (A36) is connected with the driving shaft (A35) through a sliding bearing (A26), a push disk shaft sealing part is arranged on the push disk shaft (A36) to prevent the materials in the centrifuge from entering the gap between the push disk shaft (36) and the driving shaft (35), an isolation cavity (A28) is formed by enclosing between the push disk shaft sealing part and the sliding bearing (A26), and an air channel (A25) is arranged on the driving shaft (A35) to communicate the isolation cavity (A28) with the bearing cavity (A200).

9. A uniform-feed micro-positive pressure gas seal type bag-turning automatic centrifuge as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the centrifuge comprises a sealed casing (A8), one side of the casing (A8) is a centrifugal chamber formed by centrifugal components, and the other side is a filter cake collecting chamber (A3); the shell (A8) is provided with a gas inlet (A11) for introducing high-pressure inactive gas into the interior of the centrifuge including the filter cake collecting cavity (A3), and the gas inlet (A11) is a first pressurization part.

10. The automatic bag-type centrifuge of micro positive pressure gas sealing type with uniform feeding according to claim 9, wherein the casing (A8) is provided with a recovery port (a9), the recovery port (a9) is connected with one end of a gas recovery pipe (a10), and the other end of the gas recovery pipe (a10) is communicated with a gas phase outlet of a gas-liquid separator (a32) to recover inactive gas in the centrifuge; a pressure sensor (A31) is arranged on the gas recovery pipe (A10);

the gas-liquid separator (A32) comprises a cylinder body (A321) communicated with a mother liquid collecting cavity (A24) in the centrifuge, the bottom of the cylinder body (A321) is a conical liquid outlet (A3211) controlled to be opened and closed by a liquid outlet valve (A3212), and the top of the cylinder body (A321) is provided with a gas outlet (A323) for discharging and recycling inactive gas; the barrel (A321) is provided with a gas-liquid inlet (A322), the centrifuge is provided with a gas-liquid outlet (A33) communicated with the mother liquid collecting cavity (A24), the gas-liquid outlet (A33) is gradually narrowed along the direction away from the centrifuge, and the gas-liquid outlet (A33) is communicated with the gas-liquid inlet (A322).

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