CN112892406A - Ring die production manufacturing process for ring die granulator - Google Patents
Ring die production manufacturing process for ring die granulator Download PDFInfo
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- CN112892406A CN112892406A CN202110076095.5A CN202110076095A CN112892406A CN 112892406 A CN112892406 A CN 112892406A CN 202110076095 A CN202110076095 A CN 202110076095A CN 112892406 A CN112892406 A CN 112892406A
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
- B01J2/22—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by pressing in moulds or between rollers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
- A23N17/005—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs for shaping by moulding, extrusion, pressing, e.g. pellet-mills
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a ring die production and manufacturing process for a ring die granulator, which belongs to the field of feed equipment production processes and comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting a proper ring die blank according to the specification of a required manufactured ring die, and performing preliminary forging molding; roughly turning the outer circle, the inner circle and the end face of the preliminarily forged and formed ring die; drilling the ring die to form densely distributed die holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die; putting the drilled ring die into a heat treatment furnace for quenching treatment; finely turning the excircle, the inner circle and the end face of the ring die after heat treatment; carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the ring die and the inner wall of the die hole after finish machining to manufacture a ring die finished product; performing quality detection on the ring die, and removing the ring die with unqualified quality; and packaging the ring mould with qualified quality and warehousing. The method has the effects of reducing the heat treatment deformation of the ring die and improving the machining precision and the product quality of the ring die.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of production processes of feed equipment, in particular to a production and manufacturing process of a ring die for a ring die granulator.
Background
The working principle of the ring die granulator is that materials are gradually extruded into a die hole of a ring die and formed in the die hole by utilizing the strong extrusion effect of the ring die and a press roll, and the formed materials are continuously discharged in a columnar shape from the die hole due to the continuous extrusion of the materials between the die rolls and then are cut into granules with required lengths by a cutter. The ring die is a key part of the ring die granulator and is also a vulnerable part. The quality of the feed is good and stable, the service life of the ring die and the feed yield and quality of the ring die granulator are directly influenced, and the production cost of feed processing is influenced.
The related Chinese utility model with publication number CN106732180A discloses a biomass granulator circular mold and a manufacturing method thereof, which comprises the following steps: firstly, alloy steel is selected as a blank according to the specification of a required ring die, and preliminary forging forming is carried out; then, carrying out first finish machining on the ring die formed by the primary forging; then placing the ring die subjected to primary finish machining in a tempering furnace for constant-temperature tempering, cooling the tempered ring die, and performing secondary finish machining; then, drilling the ring die to form uniformly distributed die holes; then, according to the required aperture requirement, a hole expanding machine is used for expanding the hole of the die; putting the ring die after hole expansion into a heat treatment furnace for quenching treatment; and polishing the die hole of the quenched ring die.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventor believes that after the above-mentioned related ring mold is subjected to heat treatment, the ring mold is affected by heat treatment stress, and heat treatment deformation is likely to occur, so that the produced ring mold has low quality and low processing precision.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that the ring die after heat treatment is easy to deform during heat treatment and the quality of products is reduced, the application provides a ring die production and manufacturing process for a ring die granulator.
The application provides a ring mould for ring mould granulator manufacturing process adopts following technical scheme:
a ring mould production manufacturing process for a ring mould granulator comprises the following steps:
step 1, material selection and forging: selecting a proper ring die blank according to the specification of the ring die to be manufactured, and performing preliminary forging molding;
step 3, drilling: drilling the ring die to form densely distributed die holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die;
step 4, heat treatment: putting the drilled ring die into a heat treatment furnace for quenching treatment;
step 5, fine machining: finely turning the excircle, the inner circle and the end face of the ring die after heat treatment;
step 6, sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the ring die and the inner wall of the die hole after finish machining to manufacture a ring die finished product;
step 7, finished product inspection: performing quality detection on the ring die, and removing the ring die with unqualified quality;
and 8, packaging: and packaging the ring mould with qualified quality and warehousing.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when carrying out the manufacturing of ring mould, carry out rough machining to the ring mould blank after forging earlier, later, bore hole to the ring mould after the rough machining, put the ring mould after will drilling into heat treatment furnace and carry out heat treatment, the ring mould is because the influence of factors such as thermal stress after heat treatment is accomplished, the ring mould can take place the heat treatment and warp, carry out the finish machining to the ring mould this moment again, carry out the finish turning to the excircle of ring mould, interior circle and terminal surface etc. to make the interior circle and the excircle of ring mould have good concentricity, improve the machining precision and the product quality of ring mould. After finish machining, sand blasting is carried out, burrs on the surface of the ring die are cleaned, the smoothness of the surface of the ring die is improved, the function of beautifying workpieces is achieved, and meanwhile the effects of eliminating the internal stress of the surface of the ring die and improving the mechanical performance of the surface of the ring die are achieved. And finally, carrying out quality detection on the processed and formed ring die, and packaging and warehousing the products with qualified quality.
Optionally, a plurality of the die holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the ring die, and the die holes in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can make full use of the global area of ring mould more for the percent opening of ring mould can be higher, and when using the ring mould, the entering nib that the material can be better, and the ejection of compact of ring mould is more smooth and easy.
Optionally, the drilling comprises the following steps:
a. drilling a straight hole: drilling straight holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die to form a plurality of uniformly distributed extruding holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die;
b. reaming: reaming one end of each extrusion hole far away from the center of the ring die to form a discharge pressure reducing hole;
c. chamfering: and chamfering is carried out at one end of each extrusion hole close to the center of the ring die to form a feeding tapered hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the ring mould was used, the material passed through and was discharged from feeding toper hole, crowded material hole and ejection of compact relief pressure hole in proper order through the extrusion. The arrangement of the feeding tapered hole can effectively reduce the inlet hole resistance of the material, so that the material can enter the die hole more easily; extruding and forming the materials by the extruding holes; the resistance when ejection of compact pressure relief vent can reduce the ejection of compact for the ejection of compact is more smooth and easy, and the nib is difficult for blockking up.
Optionally, a fine chamfer is arranged between the fine machining step and the sand blasting step and used for performing fine machining on the feeding conical hole, so that the roughness of the feeding conical hole is smaller than 1.6 μm, and the included angle of the feeding conical hole is 40-60 degrees.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, reduce the roughness in feeding bell mouth hole for the surface in feeding bell mouth hole is more smooth, reduces the resistance that the material got into in the nib then, makes the material get into the nib more smoothly. The angle of the feeding conical hole is limited to a certain degree, and the good feeding and material guiding effects of the feeding conical hole are guaranteed.
Optionally, the packaging comprises the steps of:
a. coating antirust oil: coating anti-rust oil on the surface of the ring die;
b. film covering: coating a polyethylene film on the surface of the ring mould, and coating nylon woven cloth on the surface of the ring mould;
c. boxing: and (3) placing the coated ring mold in a packaging box, filling buffer sponge around the ring mold, and finally sealing the box and warehousing.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rust preventive oil is coated on the processed and formed ring die, so that the ring die is not easy to rust when being stored. And then, a polyethylene film and nylon woven cloth are coated on the outer surface of the ring mould, and the ring mould is sealed and protected, so that when the ring mould is stored, external air, water and the like are not easy to contact with the ring mould, and the ring mould is not easy to rust. The buffering sponge protects the ring mould, so that the ring mould is not easy to damage due to collision in the transportation process.
Optionally, during the packaging operation, before the anti-rust oil is coated, a filling operation is performed, and sealing materials are filled in each die hole of the ring die.
By adopting the technical scheme, because the rust-proof oil is not easily coated in the die holes, the rust-proof protection of the die holes is difficult to ensure, particularly when the packaged ring die needs to be transported by sea, the humidity in the air is high, the rust phenomenon is easily generated in the die holes of the ring die, and the quality of the ring die is adversely affected. Therefore, before the antirust oil is coated, the sealing materials can be filled in each die hole, so that outside air and water are not easy to enter the die holes, the rust phenomenon is not easy to occur in the die holes, and the good quality of the circular die is guaranteed.
Optionally, a cleaning operation is performed between the drilling step and the heat treatment step to remove oil stains and rust on the ring die and scrap iron in the die hole, and when the cleaned ring die is completely dried, heat treatment is performed.
By adopting the technical scheme, grease, dirt, cutting fluid, metal scraps and the like on the surface of the ring die are removed through cleaning operation before heat treatment, so that heating and cooling of the zero ring die are not easily hindered, the defects that the heat treatment quality is affected by quenching soft spots, uneven hardened layers, uneven tissues and the like are reduced, and the heat treatment quality and the product quality are improved.
Optionally, the heat treatment is vacuum gas quenching heat treatment, and the gas quenching cooling medium of the heat treatment is nitrogen.
By adopting the technical scheme, the ring die adopts vacuum gas quenching heat treatment, so that the heat treatment deformation of the ring die is small, the surface of the ring die after heat treatment is smoother, and the phenomena of oxidation, corrosion, decarburization or recarburization and the like are not easy to occur; particularly, the change range of the roughness of the ring die after vacuum gas quenching is small, and the good quality of the ring die is guaranteed.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the inner circle and the outer circle of the ring die have good concentricity by performing finish machining after the heat treatment of the ring die, so that the machining precision and the product quality of the ring die are improved;
2. the heat treatment of the ring die adopts vacuum gas quenching heat treatment, so that the heat treatment deformation of the ring die is small, the surface of the ring die after heat treatment is smoother, the phenomena of oxidation, corrosion, decarburization or recarburization and the like are not easy to occur, and the quality of the ring die is improved;
3. through the setting to ring mould packing operation for the difficult rust that appears of ring mould when depositing ensures the good quality of ring mould.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a ring die placed on a film covering tool in the embodiment of the present application.
FIG. 2 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a film covering tool in the embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 2.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a first mounting bracket; 11. a first cross member; 12. a first bottom pillar; 13. a first bearing housing; 14. a first support roller; 2. a second mounting bracket; 21. a second cross member; 22. a second bottom pillar; 23. a second bearing housing; 24. a second support roller; 3. a connecting structure; 31. a guide tube; 311. a chute; 32. a guide bar; 33. a screw; 34. rotating the handle; 4. a compression molding structure; 41. a compression roller; 42. a rotating shaft; 43. a connecting ring; 44. a connecting rod; 45. a slider; 46. a locking bolt; 47. and locking the nut.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-3.
The embodiment of the application discloses a ring die production manufacturing process for a ring die granulator.
Example 1
A ring mould production manufacturing process for a ring mould granulator comprises the following steps:
step 1, material selection and forging: and selecting a proper metal round ingot according to the required specification of the manufactured ring die, and cutting the metal round ingot into ring die blanks through a sawing machine. In this embodiment, the sawing machine is a GZ42120 horizontal gantry band sawing machine produced by jinan north jinfeng saw ltd, and the material of the ring die blank is 4Cr 13. Subsequently, the ring die blank is placed in a forging furnace and heated. Preheating a ring die blank at 650 ℃ for 4h, then slowly heating for 3h, heating to 1100 ℃, then preserving heat for 2h, and then discharging the ring die from the furnace and forging. And repeating the steps for 5 times to preliminarily forge and form the ring die blank.
Step 3, drilling: and drilling the ring die by an automatic multi-station drilling machine to form densely distributed die holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die. The densely distributed die holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the ring die, and the adjacent two rows of die holes are staggered, so that the circumferential area of the ring die is more fully utilized, the aperture ratio of the ring die can be higher, and the discharge of the ring die is smoother.
The drilling operation comprises the following steps:
a. drilling a straight hole: drilling straight holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die to form a plurality of uniformly distributed extruding holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die;
b. reaming: reaming one end of each extrusion hole far away from the center of the ring die to form a discharge pressure reducing hole;
c. chamfering: and chamfering is carried out at one end of each extrusion hole close to the center of the ring die to form a feeding tapered hole.
Wherein, the hole depth's of feeding bell mouth, crowded material hole and ejection of compact relief pressure hole proportion is: 1:6:2, and the included angle of the feeding conical holes is 60 degrees.
Step 4, heat treatment: firstly, flatly placing the cleaned and dried ring molds at the center of a hearth of a vacuum heat treatment furnace, vertically stacking a plurality of ring molds, and separating two adjacent ring molds by using cushion blocks. And then, heating the ring die placed in the vacuum heat treatment furnace to 1040 ℃, and preserving the heat for 50min, so that the ring die is austenitized, and the Cr compound is dissolved in the structure. In this embodiment, the vacuum heat treatment furnace is a WARWICK vertical vacuum quenching furnace.
And because the thermal conductivity of 4Cr13 is lower than that of common carbon steel, the temperature difference between the outer surface and the inner center of the ring die is larger, in order to eliminate the thermal stress generated by the temperature difference, the ring die is heated to 1040 ℃ in a gradient heating mode, when the temperature in the furnace rises to 600 ℃, the ring die is preheated and insulated for 1.5h, when the temperature in the furnace rises to 880 ℃, the ring die is preheated and insulated for 1.5h, and when the temperature in the furnace rises to 980 ℃, the ring die is insulated for 1 h.
And then, spraying high-speed and high-pressure nitrogen with the pressure of 2MPa into the vacuum heating furnace, rapidly cooling the ring die to reduce the temperature to 40 ℃, and finishing quenching of the ring die to enable the ring die to obtain a martensite structure. In the process, when the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 250 ℃, the temperature of the ring die is kept uniform for 1h, so that the temperature difference at each part of the ring die is reduced, and the thermal stress is reduced. And simultaneously, a certain amount of bainite is formed, so that the deformation and cracking of the ring die can be effectively reduced.
The ring die needs to be tempered in time after vacuum gas quenching to eliminate residual internal stress generated in the gas quenching process, and the plasticity and toughness of the ring die are improved, so that the ring die has good comprehensive mechanical properties. In order to ensure that the ring die can still keep higher hardness after tempering and avoid a temperature zone where tempering occurs brittleness, the ring die is tempered at a low temperature of 200 ℃ for 2 times during tempering, and the ring die is heated and insulated for 3 hours each time.
Step 5, fine machining: and (4) finely turning the excircle, the inner circle and the end face of the ring die subjected to heat treatment by a numerical control machining center.
Step 6, sand blasting: and (5) carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the ring die and the inner wall of the die hole after finish machining to manufacture a ring die finished product. The 36-mesh fine sand is subjected to high-speed sand blasting on the ring die through compressed air, so that burrs on the surface of the ring die are cleaned, the smoothness of the surface of the ring die is improved, the workpiece is beautified, and meanwhile, the internal stress on the surface of the ring die is eliminated, and the mechanical property of the surface of the ring die is improved.
Step 7, finished product inspection: and (5) carrying out quality detection on the ring die, and removing the ring die with unqualified quality.
And 8, packaging: and packaging the ring mould with qualified quality and warehousing. The packaging comprises the following steps:
a. coating antirust oil: and (3) coating anti-rust oil on the surface of the ring die. In this example, WD-40 rust preventive oil was used;
b. film covering: firstly coating a polyethylene film on the surface of the ring mould, and then coating nylon woven cloth on the surface of the ring mould;
c. boxing: and (3) placing the coated ring mold in a packaging box, filling buffer sponge around the ring mold, and finally sealing the box and warehousing.
Referring to fig. 1, when wrapping a polyethylene film and a nylon woven cloth around a ring mold, it is inconvenient to rotate the ring mold because the ring mold has a heavy weight, and the ring mold is placed on a film covering tool to perform a film covering operation in order to improve convenience of the film covering operation on the ring mold. The film covering tool comprises a first mounting bracket 1 and a second mounting bracket 2 which are arranged in parallel relatively. The top of first installing support 1 rotates and is connected with first backing roll 14, and the top between the second installation rotates and is connected with second backing roll 24, is provided with connection structure 3 between first installing support 1 and the second installing support 2, and first installing support 1 and second installation are passed through connection structure 3 relatively fixed. When the film covering operation is carried out, an operator firstly places the ring die on the first supporting roller 14 and the second supporting roller 24 to enable the outer circle of the ring die to be abutted against the first supporting roller 14 and the second supporting roller 24, when the film covering operation is carried out, the operator stands on one side of the film covering tool and uses polyethylene films or nylon woven cloth to continuously wrap and cover the inner ring and the outer ring of the ring die in a winding mode, after one part of the ring die is wrapped, the ring die is manually rotated, the ring die rotates for a certain angle in the film covering tool, the wrapping operation is repeated until the whole ring die is wrapped.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first mounting bracket 1 includes a first cross member 11 and two first bottom pillars 12 welded and fixed to the bottom of the first cross member 11, and the first bottom pillars 12 are located at both ends of the first cross member 11 in the length direction. Two first bearing seats 13 are bolted on the first cross beam 11, and the first bearing seats 13 are located on the top walls at the two ends of the first cross beam 11 in the length direction. The first support roller 14 is rotatably mounted between the two first bearing blocks 13. The second mounting bracket 2 comprises a second cross beam 21 and two second bottom columns 22 welded and fixed at the bottom of the second cross beam 21, and the two second bottom columns 22 are located at two ends of the second cross beam 21 in the length direction. Two second bearing blocks 23 are bolted to the second cross beam 21, and the second bearing blocks 23 are located on the top walls of the two ends of the second cross beam 21 in the length direction. A second support roller 24 is rotatably mounted between the two second bearing blocks 23.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the connection structure 3 includes a guide tube 31, a guide rod 32, and an adjustment screw 33. Two guide pipes 31 are arranged, and the two guide pipes 31 are welded and fixed on the outer wall of the first cross beam 11 close to the second cross beam 21. And two guide pipes 31 are respectively located at both ends of the first beam 11 in the length direction. Two guide rods 32 are arranged, each guide rod 32 corresponds to each guide tube 31 one by one, each guide rod 32 penetrates through each guide tube 31, and the guide rods 32 are connected with the guide tubes 31 in a sliding mode. One end of each guide rod 32, which is far away from the first cross beam 11, penetrates through the guide pipe 31 and is connected with the side wall of the second cross beam 21, and the guide rods 32 are welded and fixed on the side walls of the two ends of the second cross beam 21 in the length direction. The screw 33 penetrates through the first cross beam 11, the axial direction of the screw 33 is perpendicular to the length direction of the first cross beam 11, the screw 33 is in threaded connection with the first cross beam 11, the second cross beam 21 at one end of the screw 33 is rotatably connected, and a rotating handle 34 is integrally formed at one end, far away from the first cross beam 11, of the screw 33. The worker rotates the rotating handle 34 to rotate the screw 33, so as to adjust the distance between the first beam 11 and the second beam 21, and then the distance between the first supporting roller 14 and the second supporting roller 24, so as to adapt to the ring molds with different diameter sizes.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to effectively reduce the possibility of the ring die falling when the ring die is subjected to film-coated packaging. The film covering tool is also provided with a die structure 4, and the die structure 4 comprises a press roller 41, a rotating shaft 42, a connecting ring 43, a connecting rod 44 and a slide block 45. The outer side walls of the two guide pipes 31 far away from each other are provided with sliding grooves 311, the sliding grooves 311 extend along the length direction of the guide pipes 31, and the cross section of each sliding groove 311 is in a dovetail shape. The sliding blocks 45 are matched with the sliding grooves 311, each sliding block 45 is positioned in each sliding groove 311, and one end, far away from the sliding groove 311, of each sliding block 45 extends out of the sliding groove 311. A locking bolt 46 penetrates through the end face, far away from the sliding groove 311, of the sliding block 45, and the locking bolt 46 is in threaded connection with the sliding block 45. By tightening the lock bolt 46, the slide block 45 and the guide pipe 31 can be relatively fixed by abutting one end of the lock bolt 46 penetrating the slide block 45 against the bottom surface of the slide groove 311. The connecting rod 44 is vertically arranged, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 44 and one end of the sliding block 45 extending out of the sliding groove 311 are welded and fixed. The number of the connecting rings 43 is two, each connecting ring 43 is sleeved on each connecting rod 44, and the connecting rings 43 are connected with the connecting rods 44 in a sliding mode. The rotating shaft 42 is horizontally arranged between the two connecting rings 43, and both axial ends of the rotating shaft 42 are welded and fixed with the connecting rings 43. The pressing roller 41 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 42, and the pressing roller 41 is rotatably connected with the rotating shaft 42.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, when the ring die is placed on the film coating tool, the outer peripheral surface of the ring die abuts against the first support roller 14 and the second support roller 24, the press roller 41 is located within the inner circle of the ring die, and the press roller 41 abuts against the inner peripheral surface of the ring die. In order to prevent the pressing roller 41 from falling off the connecting rod 44, a lock nut 47 is screwed on the connecting rod 44, and the lock nut 47 is located on the top of the connecting ring 43. By screwing the locking nut 47, the locking nut 47 is abutted to the connecting ring 43, so that the compression roller 41 has a limiting effect on the ring die, and the ring die is not prone to toppling. When in use, it should be noted that the force for screwing the locking nut 47 is not too large, otherwise, the ring die is not easy to roll on the film coating tool.
Example 2
A ring mould production manufacturing process for a ring mould granulator comprises the following steps:
step 1, material selection and forging: and selecting a proper metal round ingot according to the required specification of the manufactured ring die, and cutting the metal round ingot into ring die blanks through a sawing machine. The material of the ring die blank is 40 Cr. Subsequently, the ring die blank is placed in a forging furnace and heated. Preheating a ring die blank at 700 ℃ for 3h, then slowly heating for 2h, heating to 1160 ℃, then preserving heat for 2h, then discharging the ring die from a furnace and forging, wherein the initial forging temperature is 1100 ℃, and the terminal temperature is 800 ℃. This was repeated 4 times. And preliminarily forging and forming the ring die blank.
step 3, drilling: and drilling the ring die by an automatic multi-station drilling machine to form densely distributed die holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die. The densely distributed die holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the ring die, and the adjacent two rows of die holes are staggered, so that the circumferential area of the ring die is more fully utilized, the aperture ratio of the ring die can be higher, and the discharge of the ring die is smoother.
The drilling operation comprises the following steps:
a. drilling a straight hole: drilling straight holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die to form a plurality of uniformly distributed extruding holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die;
b. reaming: reaming one end of each extrusion hole far away from the center of the ring die to form a discharge pressure reducing hole;
c. chamfering: and chamfering is carried out at one end of each extrusion hole close to the center of the ring die to form a feeding tapered hole.
Wherein, the hole depth's of feeding bell mouth, crowded material hole and ejection of compact relief pressure hole proportion is: 1:7:2.
And 4, cleaning: cleaning the ring mould in a cleaning machine to remove oil stains and rust on the ring mould and scrap iron in the mould hole; after cleaning, the ring mould is taken out and put into a dryer for drying, and then the drying temperature is 180 ℃, and the drying time is 3 h.
Step 5, heat treatment: firstly, flatly placing the cleaned and dried ring molds at the center of a hearth of a vacuum heat treatment furnace, vertically stacking a plurality of ring molds, and separating two adjacent ring molds by using cushion blocks. Then, the ring mold placed in the vacuum heat treatment furnace is heated to 1060 ℃, the temperature is kept for 40min, the ring mold is austenitized, and Cr compounds are dissolved in the structure. In this embodiment, the vacuum heat treatment furnace is a VFS vertical vacuum quenching furnace.
And because the thermal conductivity of 40Cr is lower than that of common carbon steel, the temperature difference between the outer surface and the inner center of the ring die is larger, in order to eliminate the thermal stress generated by the temperature difference, the ring die is heated to 1040 ℃ in a gradient heating mode, when the temperature in the furnace rises to 700 ℃, the ring die is preheated and insulated for 1h, and when the temperature in the furnace rises to 850 ℃, the ring die is preheated and insulated for 1 h.
And then, spraying nitrogen with the pressure of 1.8MPa and high speed and high pressure into the vacuum heating furnace, rapidly cooling the ring die to reduce the temperature to 40 ℃, and finishing quenching the ring die to ensure that the ring die obtains a martensite structure. In the process, when the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 300 ℃, the temperature of the ring die is kept uniform for 1h, so that the temperature difference at each part of the ring die is reduced, and the thermal stress is reduced. And simultaneously, a certain amount of bainite is formed, so that the deformation and cracking of the ring die can be effectively reduced.
The ring die needs to be tempered in time after vacuum gas quenching to eliminate residual internal stress generated in the gas quenching process, and the plasticity and toughness of the ring die are improved, so that the ring die has good comprehensive mechanical properties. In order to ensure that the ring die can still keep higher hardness after tempering and avoid a temperature zone where tempering occurs brittleness, the ring die is tempered at a low temperature of 180 ℃ for 2 times during tempering, and the ring die is heated and kept warm for 3 hours each time.
Step 6, fine machining: and (4) finely turning the excircle, the inner circle and the end face of the ring die subjected to heat treatment by a numerical control machining center.
Step 7, fine chamfering: and (3) carrying out finish machining on the feeding conical hole to ensure that the roughness of the feeding conical hole is less than 1.6 mu m, and the included angle of the feeding conical hole is 40 degrees, so that the resistance of the material entering the die hole is reduced, and the material entering the die hole is smoother.
Step 8, sand blasting: and (5) carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the ring die and the inner wall of the die hole after finish machining to manufacture a ring die finished product. The 24-mesh fine sand is subjected to high-speed sand blasting on the ring die through compressed air, so that burrs on the surface of the ring die are cleaned, the smoothness of the surface of the ring die is improved, the workpiece is beautified, the internal stress on the surface of the ring die is eliminated, and the mechanical property of the surface of the ring die is improved.
Step 9, finished product inspection: and (5) carrying out quality detection on the ring die, and removing the ring die with unqualified quality.
Step 10, packaging: and packaging the ring mould with qualified quality and warehousing.
The packaging comprises the following steps:
a. filling: the sealing materials are filled in each die hole of the ring die, so that outside air and water are not easy to enter the die holes, the rust phenomenon is not easy to occur in the die holes, and the ring die is particularly suitable for occasions needing marine transportation. Wherein the sealing material can be corn, bean pulp, straw, grass and other crushed mixed feed;
b. coating antirust oil: and (3) coating anti-rust oil on the surface of the ring die. In the embodiment, the oily anti-rust oil produced by Baihui is adopted;
c. film covering: firstly, coating a polyethylene film on the surface of the ring mould, then coating nylon woven cloth on the surface of the ring mould, and sealing and protecting the ring mould so that external air, water and the like are not easy to directly contact with the ring mould;
d. boxing: and (3) placing the coated ring mold in a packaging box, filling buffer sponge around the ring mold, protecting the ring mold, and finally sealing the box and warehousing.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. A ring mould production manufacturing process for a ring mould granulator is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, material selection and forging: selecting a proper ring die blank according to the specification of the ring die to be manufactured, and performing preliminary forging molding;
step 2, rough machining: roughly turning the outer circle, the inner circle and the end face of the preliminarily forged and formed ring die;
step 3, drilling: drilling the ring die to form densely distributed die holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die;
step 4, heat treatment: putting the drilled ring die into a heat treatment furnace for quenching treatment;
step 5, fine machining: finely turning the excircle, the inner circle and the end face of the ring die after heat treatment;
step 6, sand blasting: carrying out sand blasting treatment on the surface of the ring die and the inner wall of the die hole after finish machining to manufacture a ring die finished product;
step 7, finished product inspection: performing quality detection on the ring die, and removing the ring die with unqualified quality;
and 8, packaging: and packaging the ring mould with qualified quality and warehousing.
2. The ring die production and manufacturing process for the ring die granulator according to claim 1, wherein the ring die production and manufacturing process comprises the following steps: and the die holes are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the ring die, and the die holes in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner.
3. The ring die production and manufacturing process for the ring die granulator according to claim 1, wherein the ring die production and manufacturing process comprises the following steps: the drilling comprises the following steps:
a. drilling a straight hole: drilling straight holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die to form a plurality of uniformly distributed extruding holes on the circumferential surface of the ring die;
b. reaming: reaming one end of each extrusion hole far away from the center of the ring die to form a discharge pressure reducing hole;
c. chamfering: and chamfering is carried out at one end of each extrusion hole close to the center of the ring die to form a feeding tapered hole.
4. The ring die production and manufacturing process for the ring die granulator according to claim 1, wherein the ring die production and manufacturing process comprises the following steps: and a fine chamfer is arranged between the fine machining step and the sand blasting step and is used for performing fine machining on the feeding conical hole, so that the roughness of the feeding conical hole is smaller than 1.6 mu m, and the included angle of the feeding conical hole is 40-60 degrees.
5. The ring die production and manufacturing process for the ring die granulator according to claim 1, wherein the ring die production and manufacturing process comprises the following steps: the packaging comprises the following steps:
a. coating antirust oil: coating anti-rust oil on the surface of the ring die;
b. film covering: coating a polyethylene film on the surface of the ring mould, and coating nylon woven cloth on the surface of the ring mould;
c. boxing: and (3) placing the coated ring mold in a packaging box, filling buffer sponge around the ring mold, and finally sealing the box and warehousing.
6. The ring die production and manufacturing process for the ring die granulator according to claim 5, wherein the ring die production and manufacturing process comprises the following steps: during the packaging operation, the filling operation is carried out before the antirust oil is coated, and the sealing materials are filled in each die hole of the ring die.
7. The ring die production and manufacturing process for the ring die granulator according to claim 1, wherein the ring die production and manufacturing process comprises the following steps: and cleaning operation is arranged between the drilling step and the heat treatment step and is used for removing oil stains and rust stains on the ring die and scrap iron in the die hole, and when the cleaned ring die is completely dried, heat treatment is carried out.
8. The ring die production and manufacturing process for the ring die granulator according to claim 7, wherein the ring die production and manufacturing process comprises the following steps: the heat treatment adopts vacuum gas quenching heat treatment, and the gas quenching cooling medium of the heat treatment adopts nitrogen.
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| US20170297080A1 (en) * | 2014-09-01 | 2017-10-19 | Hitachi Metals Mmc Superalloy, Ltd. | Ring molded article manufacturing method |
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Application publication date: 20210604 |