CN112889744A - Breeding method and breeding system - Google Patents
Breeding method and breeding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112889744A CN112889744A CN201911229028.1A CN201911229028A CN112889744A CN 112889744 A CN112889744 A CN 112889744A CN 201911229028 A CN201911229028 A CN 201911229028A CN 112889744 A CN112889744 A CN 112889744A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/70—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in livestock or poultry
Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method and a breeding system. The breeding method comprises determining identity information of matched dams; selecting matching semen according to the identity information of the matched female livestock; and selecting the child livestock to obtain the preset identity information according to the selected semen and the selected female livestock. According to the breeding method, the selected semen and the selected female animals are selected to obtain the child animals with the preset identity information, so that frequent diseases of a livestock farm caused by frequent introduction are avoided, and the disease risk caused by introduction is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of animal breeding, in particular to a breeding method and a breeding system.
Background
In the related art, a once-grand-generation (GGP) pig farm, a grand-Generation (GP) pig farm, a Parental (PS) pig farm, and a three-generation commercial pig farm are independent of each other. The ancestral pig farm purchases pure breeding pigs from the great ancestral pig farm for updating, and the parental pig farm purchases binary breeding pigs from the ancestral pig farm for updating. However, the frequent introduction of the pig farm causes frequent diseases in the pig farm, and brings great loss to the production of domestic pigs. Therefore, how to reduce the risk of diseases caused by pig farm introduction becomes a serious problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a breeding method and a breeding system.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a breeding method, including:
determining identity information of the matched female animals;
selecting selective mating semen according to the identity information of the selective mating female livestock;
and selecting the stock according to the matching semen and the matching female stock to obtain the stock with preset identity information.
According to the breeding method provided by the embodiment of the invention, the selected semen and the selected female livestock are selected to obtain the child livestock with the preset identity information, so that frequent diseases of a livestock farm caused by frequent introduction are avoided, and the disease risk caused by introduction is reduced.
In certain embodiments, determining identity information of the matched dam comprises:
determining identity information of the pure breed matched dams;
selecting the matching semen according to the identity information of the matching dams, comprising the following steps:
selecting mating semen of the same kind as the pure breed mating female livestock according to the identity information of the pure breed mating female livestock;
selecting the child animals according to the matching semen and the matching female animals to obtain preset identity information, wherein the child animals comprise:
and carrying out pure breeding and selective breeding according to the pure breeding matched dams and the matched semen of the same species of the pure breeding matched dams so as to obtain pure breeding child livestock.
In certain embodiments, the breeding method comprises:
and selecting backup dams from the pure breeding sub-livestock, wherein the backup dams are used for updating pure breeding matching dams.
In certain embodiments, the breeding method is used in a breeding system including a male stock station for breeding male stocks and providing the mating semen based on the bred male stocks, and a male parent field for breeding the inbred female stocks, the breeding method comprising:
selecting spare male animals from the pure breeding child animals in the male parent field, wherein the spare male animals are used for updating male herds in the male animal station.
In certain embodiments, determining identity information of the matched dam comprises:
determining identity information of the pure breed matched dams;
selecting the matching semen according to the identity information of the matching dams, comprising the following steps:
selecting the mating semen which is different from the pure mating female livestock according to the identity information of the pure mating female livestock;
selecting the child animals according to the matching semen and the matching female animals to obtain preset identity information, wherein the child animals comprise:
and performing propagation and selection according to the pure breed matched dams and the matched semen which is heterogeneous with the pure breed matched dams to obtain propagated dams.
In certain embodiments, determining identity information of the matched dam comprises:
determining identity information of binary matched dams, wherein the binary matched dams are obtained by carrying out propagation expanding and selection on pure-breed matched dams;
selecting the matching semen according to the identity information of the matching dams, comprising the following steps:
selecting mating semen xenogeneic with parent of the binary mating female livestock according to the identity information of the binary mating female livestock;
selecting the stock according to the matching semen and the matching female stock to obtain the stock with preset identity information, including;
and (4) carrying out matching according to the binary matched female livestock and the matched semen which is xenogeneic with the parent of the binary matched female livestock to obtain the commodity child livestock.
In some embodiments, the breeding method is used in a breeding system comprising a data center for selecting a matched semen based on identity information of the matched dams, comprising:
and selecting the matching semen through the data center according to the identity information of the matched female livestock.
The embodiment of the invention provides a breeding system, which comprises a breeding device, a female parent field, a male parent field and a male stock station, wherein the male stock station is used for breeding male stocks and providing mating semen according to the bred male stocks, and the breeding device is used for determining identity information of the mating female stocks from the female parent field and/or the male parent field; and is used for selecting the matching semen from the male stock station according to the identity information of the matched female stock; and a sub-animal for selecting according to the matched semen and the matched female animal to obtain predetermined identity information.
According to the breeding system provided by the embodiment of the invention, the sub-livestock with the preset identity information is obtained by selecting the matched semen and the matched female livestock, so that frequent diseases of a livestock farm caused by frequent introduction are avoided, and the disease risk caused by introduction is reduced.
In certain embodiments, identity information of a matched dam is determined, the breeding apparatus for determining identity information of an inbred dam from the maternal farm and/or the paternal farm; and is used for selecting the matching semen of the same species as the pure breed matched female livestock from the male livestock station according to the identity information of the pure breed matched female livestock; and the breeding device is used for carrying out pure breeding and matching according to the pure breeding matched dams and the matched semen of the same species of the pure breeding matched dams so as to obtain pure breeding animals.
In certain embodiments, the breeding apparatus is configured to select a backup dam from the true breeding offspring, the backup dam configured to renew a true breeding matched dam.
In certain embodiments, the breeding apparatus is for selecting spare sires from the pure breeding sub-herds of the paternal farm, the spare sires for renewing a herd of sires station.
In certain embodiments, the breeding device is configured to determine identity information of inbred dams from the maternal field; and is used for selecting the matching semen which is different from the pure breed matching female livestock from the male livestock station according to the identity information of the pure breed matching female livestock; and the breeding selection and matching are carried out according to the pure breed selection and matching female animals and the selection and matching semen which is different from the pure breed selection and matching female animals so as to obtain the breeding expansion child animals.
In certain embodiments, the breeding device is configured to determine identity information of binary matched dams from the maternal field, the binary matched dams resulting from extensive breeding matches of true breeding matched dams; and is used for selecting mating semen which is xenogeneic with the parent of the binary mating female livestock from the male livestock station according to the identity information of the binary mating female livestock; and for mating based on said binary matched dams and said mating semen xenogeneic to parents of said binary matched dams to obtain commercial animals.
In certain embodiments, the breeding system is for a breeding system that includes a data center, the breeding device for selecting, via the data center, a matched semen based on identity information of the matched dams.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a breeding method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block schematic of a breeding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is another schematic block diagram of a breeding system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic flow diagram of a breeding method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow diagram of a breeding method according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic flow diagram of a breeding method according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow diagram of a breeding method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic flow diagram of a breeding method according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic flow chart of a breeding method according to still another embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the main element symbols:
the breeding system 100, the breeding device 10, the female parent farm 20, the male parent farm 30, the male stock station 40 and the data center 50.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a breeding method. The breeding method comprises the following steps:
step S12: determining identity information of the matched female animals;
step S14: selecting matching semen according to the identity information of the matched female livestock;
step S16: and selecting the child livestock to obtain the preset identity information according to the selected semen and the selected female livestock.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a breeding system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a breeding device 10, a female parent farm 20, a male parent farm 30, and a male stock station 40.
The male stock station 40 is used for breeding male stocks and providing mating semen according to the bred male stocks, and the breeding device 10 is used for determining identity information of the mating female stocks from the female parent field 20 and/or the male parent field 30; and for selecting the mating semen from the male stock station 40 based on the identity information of the mating female stock; and a child animal for selecting from the matched semen and the matched female animal to obtain predetermined identity information.
That is, the breeding method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be realized by the breeding apparatus 10 of the breeding system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
According to the breeding method and the breeding system 100, the selected animals are selected according to the matched semen and the matched female animals to obtain the child animals with the preset identity information, so that frequent diseases of livestock farms caused by frequent introduction are avoided, and the disease risk caused by introduction is reduced.
In particular, the breeding device 10 can be applied to electronic devices with data processing and transmission functions, including but not limited to mobile phones, tablets, personal computers, servers, laptops, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted terminals, specially-made control terminals, and the like. The breeding device 10 can be arranged in a breeding house for breeding animals, can be arranged in a monitoring center or a feed research and development center which is communicated with the breeding house, and can also be carried by staff. Here, the specific form and the specific position of the setting of the breeding apparatus 10 are not limited.
The animals bred by the breeding system 100 may be pigs, cattle, sheep, rabbits, and the like suitable for mass cultivation. The breeding system 100 is, for example, a pig farm, a cattle farm, a sheep farm, or a rabbit farm.
For convenience of explanation and explanation, the breeding method and breeding system of the present embodiment will be explained and explained below by taking the example in which the animal bred by the breeding system 100 is a pig.
At present, domestic live pigs are kept in stalls and consumed globally first, but the production level of domestic live pigs in China has a large gap compared with that in foreign developed countries, and one of the main reasons is that the domestic pig diseases are very complex, and diseases such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome, pseudorabies, epidemic diarrhea, circus and the like are prevalent in a large area.
Specifically, the rate of positive sites of the blue-ear disease in China is up to 90%, the blue-ear positive results in that the number of Weaned Pigs (Pigs fed per Sow per Year, PSY) provided by each Sow is reduced by about 2, and the marketing delay of live Pigs is about 1 week.
In addition, the African swine fever outbreaks in 2018, the loss of the swine raising industry in China is up to trillion yuan, the risk of raising pigs is high under the condition of complex diseases, so that a plurality of farmers dare not to raise pigs, and the situation of pork supply tension in China is caused.
In related art pig farms, a once-grand-generation (GGP) pig farm, a grand-Generation (GP) pig farm, a Parental (PS) pig farm, and a three-market pig farm are independent of each other. The ancestral pig farm purchases pure pig from the ancestral pig farm for updating, and the parental pig farm purchases binary pig from the ancestral pig farm for updating. The frequent introduction is an important reason for frequent diseases in pig farms, and brings great loss to the production of domestic pigs.
The breeding method and the breeding system 100 of the embodiment of the invention can obtain the stock with the preset identity information by matching according to the matching semen obtained from the male stock station and the matching stock determined from the father stock and/or the mother stock, thereby avoiding frequent disease occurrence in the stock farm caused by frequent introduction and reducing the disease risk caused by introduction.
In the present embodiment, the maternal plant 20 is used to feed sows and perform pure reproduction, propagation and commercial pig production. Specifically, the sows fed in the maternal farm 20 were subjected to self-circulation production. The boars are not raised in the female parent farm 20, and all the boar essences required for the production in the female parent farm 20 are provided by the boar stock station 40.
In other words, the sows required for renewal of the sows in the maternal field 20 are all produced by the pigs in the maternal field 20, all pigs are left out and not entered. Additionally, phenotypic and genotypic measurements can be made on sows raised at the maternal farm 20 for production and breeding.
In the embodiment, the male parent field 30 raises pure breeding pigs for pure breeding. Self-circulation production of pure sows in the paternal farm 30. In other words, the sows required for the renewal of the sows in the paternal farm 30 are all produced purely in the paternal farm 30, and all the pigs are only born but not entered. Similarly, the phenotype and genotype of the pig raised in the paternal farm 30 can be determined on a large scale, high-intensity genome selection can be performed, and high-quality pure boars and sows can be bred. The selected sows may be used for sow renewal in the paternal farm 30 and the selected boars may enter the boar station 40. And selling unselected boars and sows completely.
In this embodiment, the male stock station 40 is used to breed male stock and provide mating semen based on the bred male stock. In particular, the sire station 40 is used to produce commercial swine essence. The male stock station 40 breeds the pure male pigs bred from the male parent farm 30, produces commercial semen, and provides the commercial semen to the female parent farm 20 and the female parent farm 30.
In this way, joint breeding can be achieved by the sire station 40, the female parent farm 20 and the male parent farm 30. Further, when the number of the female parent farms 20 is plural, the joint breeding of the female parent farm 20 and the male parent farm 30 refers to the joint breeding of the male parent farm 30 and all the female parent farms 20.
Thus, disease transmission can be minimized by self-circulation production by sows in the maternal and paternal farms 20, 30. Through the stock station 40, realize the joint breeding in female parent field 20 and male parent field 30, can improve the breeding pig speed, promote breeding pig quality.
In step S12, the identity information includes, but is not limited to, item, ear number information.
Referring to fig. 4, in certain embodiments, the breeding method is used in a breeding system 100, the breeding system 100 includes a data center 50, and step S14 includes:
step S141: the selective mating semen is selected by the data center 50 based on the identity information of the selective mating dams.
In some embodiments, the breeding system 100 is for a breeding system 100, the breeding system 100 includes a data center, and the breeding device 10 is configured to select the matched semen based on the identity information of the matched dams via the data center 50.
Therefore, the selective mating semen is selected through the data center according to the identity information of the selective mating female livestock, and the selective mating semen can be accurately determined according to the selective mating female livestock, so that the heterosis is utilized to the maximum extent, the excellent gene effect is exerted, and the efficient breeding production is realized.
In particular, the data center 50 may include a database and a data analysis system. The database is used for collecting and managing at least one of phenotype data, genotype data, pedigree data, and various environmental factor data from the paternal farm 30, the sire station 40, and the maternal farm 20. The data analysis system is used for calculating various character breeding values, comprehensive selection indexes and various matching indexes according to data in the database.
In other words, the data center 50 collects all data of the paternal farm 30, the sire station 40 and the maternal farm 20. The data center 50 directs the paternal farm 30 to develop co-breeding with all maternal farms 20. Specifically, the data center 50 performs genome selective breeding of a true breeding boar and a sow in the paternal farm 30 and a true breeding sow in the maternal farm 20. Further, the data center 50 is configured to perform genome matching analysis on the boars and sows in the breeding system 100 by using genome information of the boars in the boar station 40, the paternal farm 30 and the sow in the maternal farm 20, and perform breeding on best-matching boars and sows.
In the present embodiment, the breeding of the paternal farm 30 includes pure breeding selection. The breeding of the female parent field 20 comprises pure breeding selection, expanding breeding selection and commercial pig production selection.
Pure breeding matching refers to genome matching implemented in the pure breeding process, and two factors of inbreeding and genetic progress are considered to ensure that the genetic progress is maximized under a certain inbreeding increment.
The expanding propagation and selective breeding refers to that the first male parent and the first female parent are hybridized to carry out genome selective breeding when the binary mixed sow is produced, and the best reproductive performance of the produced binary mixed sow is ensured. Wherein the first male parent and the first female parent are pure varieties.
The commercial pig production matching refers to the process of carrying out genome matching on terminal boars and binary miscellaneous sows when producing the ternary commercial pigs, so that the best production performance of the produced ternary pigs is ensured. Such as meat production, meat quality, etc. Wherein the terminal boar is a boar of a breed completely different from that of the ancestor of the binary hetero sow. In other words, the triple commercial pig is a cross of three breeds of pig.
Referring to fig. 5, in some embodiments, step S12 includes:
step S122: determining identity information of the pure breed matched dams;
step S14 includes:
step S142: selecting mating semen of the same kind as the pure breed mating female livestock according to the identity information of the pure breed mating female livestock;
step S16 includes:
step S162: and (4) carrying out pure breeding and selective breeding according to the pure breeding matched female livestock and the matched semen of the same species of the pure breeding matched female livestock to obtain the pure breeding male livestock.
In certain embodiments, identity information of the matched dams is determined, the breeding apparatus 10 being configured to determine identity information of the inbred dams from the maternal and/or paternal farms 20, 30; and for selecting mating semen of the same species as the breed-purified dams from the male stock station 40 based on the identity information of the breed-purified dams; and the breeding method is used for carrying out pure breeding and selective breeding according to the pure breeding matched female livestock and the matched semen of the same species of the pure breeding matched female livestock to obtain the pure breeding male livestock.
Therefore, the pure breeding selection is realized to obtain the pure breeding child animals according to the pure breeding selection female animals and the selection semen of the same kind of the pure breeding selection female animals from the male animal station 40, so that the frequent disease of the livestock farm caused by frequent introduction is avoided, and the disease risk caused by introduction is reduced.
Specifically, the breeding device 10 is used to determine identity information of the inbred dams from the maternal farm 20; or, the breeding device 10 is used for determining the identity information of the bred female animals from the male parent field 30; alternatively, the breeding apparatus 10 is used to determine identity information of the inbred dams from the maternal and paternal farms 20, 30.
In other words, the breeding apparatus 10 can determine the identity information of the breeding stock from the breeding stock fed in the stock farm 20, and perform pure breeding matching on the breeding stock fed in the stock farm 20. Or, the breeding device 10 may determine the identity information of the bred and bred pure female animals from the bred and bred pure female animals raised in the male parent field 30, and perform pure breeding and breeding of the bred and bred female animals raised in the male parent field 30. Alternatively, the breeding apparatus 10 may determine the identity information of the bred pure female stock from the pure female stock raised in the female parent field 20 and the pure female stock raised in the male parent field 30, and perform pure breeding matching on the pure bred matched female stock raised in the female parent field 20 and the pure bred matched female stock raised in the male parent field 30.
For convenience of explanation and explanation, the identification information of the inbred dams determined from the inbred dams raised in the maternal farm 20 is explained and explained next.
In step S122, heat detection may be performed on the dams to be bred in the pure breed dam group of the maternal farm 20, the heat-generated dams to be bred are used as pure breed matched dams, and the identity information of the pure breed matched dams is submitted to the data center 50. Specifically, the dams to be nurtured may include weaned virgin dams and back-up virgin dams. Identity information includes, but is not limited to, breed, ear number information.
In step S142, the data center 50 may determine, according to the information of breed, bloodline, breeding value, genome, etc. of the breed-stock dams, and according to the usage of the male livestock in the male livestock station 40, the male livestock that is most matched with the breed-stock dams and is the same as the breed-stock dams, so as to obtain the breeding information. The male stock station 40 uses the semen of the selected male stock as the matched semen according to the matching information of the data center 50, provides the matched semen to the female stock station 20, and completes pure breeding selection in the female stock station 20 to obtain pure breeding male stocks of the female stock station 20.
Referring to fig. 6, in certain embodiments, a breeding method comprises:
step S17: and (4) selecting backup dams from the pure breeding sub-livestock, wherein the backup dams are used for updating the pure breeding matched dams.
In certain embodiments, the breeding apparatus 10 is used to select backup dams from the pure breeding of offspring, the backup dams being used to renew the pure breed matched dams.
Therefore, the backup dams for updating the pure breed matching mother herd are selected from the pure breed child animals without obtaining the backup dams for updating the pure breed matching mother herd from the outside, the self-circulation production of the pure breed matching mother herd is realized, the frequent disease caused by introducing the backup dams for updating the pure breed matching mother herd from the outside is avoided, and the disease risk caused by introduction is reduced.
Specifically, the pure breeding child stock can be subjected to primary selection, weaning selection, conservation selection, performance measurement and final measurement selection to realize the updating of the pure breeding matched parent stock.
The ear number of the female livestock in the pure breeding child livestock can be marked when the pure breeding child livestock is born. Within one week of birth of a dam of the pure breeding stock, the pure breeding stock can be primarily selected according to at least one of the blood line number, the selection strength, the litter index, the growth state, the body appearance, the blood margin, the selection retention rate and the index information to select a part of the dam, and all information in the primary selection process is registered to the data center 50.
It is noted that in the maternal plant 20, the sires of the pure breeding animals are castrated without earmarking, and the sires of all the pure breeding animals are regarded as meat animals.
When the primarily selected dams are weaned, the individuals growing out of the primarily selected dams can be removed according to the growth conditions, the remaining dams are sorted and all information during weaning sorting is registered in the data center 50.
The female animals selected after weaning can be fed into a nursing house after weaning, individuals with abnormal growth in the female animals after weaning can be removed, and female animals with normal growth can be selected and retained, so that nursing and selection are realized. In addition, all information in the care election process may be registered to the data center 50.
The female animals selected by conservation and selection can enter a measuring house after the conservation is finished. The performance of female animals in the fattening period can be measured in a measuring house. During the determination period, abnormal growth individuals can be eliminated, and the female animals can be tested when the determination is finished. Specifically, the measurement may be started when the weight of the dam is 30kg, and the measurement may be ended when the weight is 115 kg. The performance measurement includes at least one of body weight measurement, feed intake measurement, backfat measurement, eye muscle area measurement, body size property measurement, semen property measurement, meat quality property measurement, and disease resistance property measurement. In addition, information in the performance measurement process may be registered to the data center 50.
Finally, a final test sorting can be performed. Specifically, the data center 50 may be used to calculate the comprehensive selection index information according to the collected data, and combine with the shape score to select excellent individuals as backup dams from among the selected dams in the nursing selection, and the unselected individuals will be sold. Replacement dams are entered into a core dam herd, such as the pure breed dam herd in fig. 3, to replace high gestational age, poor performance dams, completing the renewal of the pure breed dam herd.
Please note that, the selection of the backup dam from the pure breeding child dam, the backup dam being used for renewing the pure breeding matched mother herd, may refer to: backup dams are selected from the pure breeding dams in the maternal farm 20 to renew the pure breeding herds in the maternal farm 20. Since the inbred dams of the maternal farm 20 can be determined from the inbred herds of the maternal farm 20 by oestrus detection, the inbred herds of the renewed maternal farm 20 are also the inbred herds of the renewed maternal farm 20.
Selecting backup dams from the pure breeding sub-livestock, wherein the backup dams are used for updating pure breeding matching dams, and can also be used as follows: the back-up dams are selected from the pure breeding dams in the paternal farm 30 to renew the pure breeding dam herd in the paternal farm 30. Since the pure breed matched dams in the paternal farm 30 can be determined from the pure breed dam of the paternal farm 30 by oestrus detection, the pure breed dam of the renewed paternal farm 30 is also the pure breed matched dam with the renewed paternal farm 30.
Referring to fig. 7, in some embodiments, a breeding method is used in a breeding system 100, the breeding system 100 including a male stock station 40 and a male parent farm 30, the male stock station 40 for breeding male animals and providing mating semen based on the bred male animals, the male parent farm 30 for breeding purebred mating female animals, the breeding method comprising:
step S18: spare sires are selected from the pure breeding animals in the paternal farm 30 and used to renew the herds of the sire station 40.
In certain embodiments, the breeding apparatus 10 is used to select spare sires from the pure breeding of the male parent farm 30, the spare sires being used to renew the herd of the sire station 40.
In this way, the renewal of the male herd of the male stock station 40 is realized, so that the male stock station 40 can continuously provide the male parent farm 30 and/or the female parent farm 20 with semen of better quality. Specifically, the spare sires that enter the sire station 40 can be collected and educated, and the successfully educated spare sires can be selected into the sire group of the sire station 40. In the sire station 40, the sires in the sire station 40 may be semen collected according to a preset rhythm. And testing the collected fresh semen, diluting the semen with qualified quality into commercial semen, and storing for later use.
In addition, in the male stock station 40, old male stocks can be eliminated according to the supplement condition of the spare male stocks and the indexes of the male stocks in the male stock station 40, such as the sperm production performance, the genetic performance and the like.
Please note that, as for the selection of the spare male livestock from the pure breeding male livestock in the male parent farm 30, the selection of the spare female livestock can be referred to as the above-mentioned selection. To avoid redundancy, it is not described herein.
Referring to fig. 8, in some embodiments, step S12 includes:
step S124: determining identity information of the pure breed matched dams;
step S14 includes:
step S144: selecting mating semen which is different from the pure mating female livestock according to the identity information of the pure mating female livestock;
step S16 includes:
step S164: and performing propagation and selection according to the selected female livestock of the pure breed and the selected semen which is different from the selected female livestock of the pure breed to obtain the propagated child livestock.
In certain embodiments, the breeding device 10 is used to determine identity information of inbred dams from the maternal farm 20; and is used for selecting mating semen which is different from the pure mating female livestock from the male livestock station 40 according to the identity information of the pure mating female livestock; and the breeding method is used for carrying out propagation and selection according to the pure breed selected female livestock and the matched semen which is different from the pure breed selected female livestock to obtain the propagated male livestock.
Therefore, according to the pure breed matched female livestock and the matched semen which is different from the pure breed matched female livestock and is selected from the male livestock station 40, the propagation expanding selection is realized to obtain the propagation expanding child livestock, the frequent disease occurrence of the livestock farm caused by frequent introduction is avoided, and the disease risk caused by introduction is reduced.
Note that in this embodiment, the breeding apparatus 10 is used to determine identity information of inbred dams from the maternal farm 20. In other words, in the present embodiment, the breeding apparatus 10 is used only for the expanded breeding and matching in the female parent field 20, and is not used for the expanded breeding and matching in the male parent field 30. It is understood that in other embodiments, the breeding apparatus 10 may be used only for the expanded breeding matches in the male parent field 30, and not in the female parent field 20; or, the expanding propagation and selection matching are carried out in the female parent field 20 and the male parent field 30. The specific form of the propagation selection is not limited herein.
In step S124, heat detection may be performed on the dams to be bred among the pure-breed dams raised in the maternal farm 20, the heat detected dams to be bred are used as pure-breed matched dams, and the identity information of the pure-breed matched dams is submitted to the data center 50. Specifically, the inbred stock to be bred may include weaned inbred stock and back-up inbred stock. Identity information includes, but is not limited to, breed, ear number information.
In step S144, the data center 50 may determine, according to the information of breed, bloodline, breeding value, genome, etc. of the breed stock female animals, and the usage of male animals in the male animal station 40, male animals that are the best matches and are xenogeneic to the breed stock female animals as the breed stock male animals, so as to obtain the breeding information. The male stock station 40 uses the semen of the selected male stock as the matched semen according to the matching information of the data center 50, provides the matched semen to the female stock field 20, and completes the expanding propagation and selection in the female stock field 20 to obtain the expanded breeding stock of the female stock field 20.
It is understood that the propagation stock is a binary stock because the parents of the propagation stock are heterogeneous.
In addition, the female animals in the expanded breeding male animals can be used as binary female animals, and can be selected as binary matched female animals after oestrus detection. The herd of binary dams is the binary dam herd in fig. 3. The male livestock in the expanded breeding child livestock can be sold as commodity livestock.
Referring to fig. 9, in some embodiments, step S12 includes:
step S126: determining the identity information of binary matched dams, wherein the binary matched dams are obtained by carrying out propagation and selection on pure-breed matched dams;
step S14 includes:
step S146: selecting mating semen which is heterogenous with parent of the binary mating female livestock according to the identity information of the binary mating female livestock;
step S16 includes;
step S166: and (4) carrying out matching according to the binary matched female livestock and the matched semen which is heterogenous with the parent of the binary matched female livestock to obtain the commercial child livestock.
In some embodiments, the breeding apparatus 10 is configured to determine identity information of binary matched dams from the maternal field 20, the binary matched dams resulting from extensive breeding matches of true breeding matched dams; and for selecting mating semen xenogeneic with the parent of the binary matched dams from the stock station 40 based on the identity information of the binary matched dams; and for mating based on the binary mating of the dams and mating semen xenogeneic with the parents of the binary mating dams to obtain commercial animals.
Therefore, the commodity animals are obtained by matching according to the binary matching female animals and the matching semen which is different from the parent of the binary matching female animals and is selected from the male animal station 40, so that the frequent diseases of the livestock farm caused by frequent introduction are avoided, and the disease risk caused by introduction is reduced.
Note that in the present embodiment, since the breeding apparatus 10 is used only for the expanded breeding and selective mating of the elite female animals in the female parent farm 20, there are binary female animals in the female parent farm 20, no binary female animals in the male parent farm 30, and only elite female animals in the male parent farm 30.
In this regard, the breeding device 10 is configured to determine identity information of binary matched dams from the maternal field 20. In other words, in the present embodiment, the breeding apparatus 10 is used only for the binary mating of dams at the maternal farm 20, and not for the binary mating of dams at the paternal farm 30.
It is to be understood that in other embodiments, the breeding apparatus 10 may be used only for the binary matched dams in the male parent field 30, and not in the female parent field 20; or, the binary mating of dams is performed in both the maternal and paternal farms 20, 30.
In step S124, heat detection may be performed on the dams to be bred among the binary dams raised in the female parent farm 20, the dams to be bred that have heat may be used as the binary matched dams, and the identity information of the binary matched dams may be submitted to the data center 50. In particular, the binary foster dams may include weaned binary dams and backup binary dams. Identity information includes, but is not limited to, breed, ear number information.
In step S144, the data center 50 may determine the male stock that is most matched with the binary matched female stock and has a different parent from the parent stock as the matched male stock according to the information of the breed, the blood relationship, the breeding value, the genome, and the like of the binary matched female stock in combination with the use condition of the male stock in the male stock station 40, so as to obtain matching information. The male stock station 40 uses the semen of the matched male stock as matched semen according to the matching information of the data center 50, provides the matched semen to the female stock farm 20, and completes matching in the female stock farm 20 to obtain the commercial male stock of the female stock farm 20.
It will be appreciated that the commercial animals are tertiary animals, since the commercial animals are produced from the binary dams and semen xenogeneic to the parents of the binary dams. The herd formed by the commodity sub-herds is the triple commodity herd in fig. 3. Please note that the commodity animals, both male and female, were sold as commodity animals.
In summary, referring to fig. 3, the maternal farm 20 of the present embodiment includes a pure breed stock herd, a binary stock herd, and a ternary commodity herd. Pure breeding, expanded breeding and commodity matching can be carried out in the maternal plant 20.
In the pure breeding selection, pure breeding stock animals can be determined from the pure breeding stock herd in the stock farm 20, and the pure breeding stock animals are subjected to pure breeding selection by obtaining the matching semen of the same kind as the pure breeding stock animals from the stock station 40 according to the pure breeding stock animals, so that pure breeding stock animals are obtained. The replacement dams can be selected from the pure breeding dams, and the replacement dams are also pure breed, so that the pure breed dam group of the mother farm 20, namely the pure breed dam group in fig. 3, can be updated. Other pure breeding animals can be sold as commodity animals.
In the case of propagation selection, a pure breed matched stock animal can be determined from a pure breed stock herd, and a breeding semen which is different from the pure breed matched stock animal is obtained from the stock station 40 according to the pure breed matched stock animal to perform propagation selection, thereby obtaining a propagation stock. The sire in the breeding child livestock can be sold as commodity livestock.
In the commodity matching, a binary matched stock can be determined from the stock in the expanded breeding stock, and matching semen heterogeneous to the parent of the binary matched stock is obtained from the male stock station 40 according to the binary matched stock to perform commodity matching, thereby obtaining the commodity stock. The commodity sub-animals are ternary animals, and the herd composed of the commodity sub-animals is the ternary herd of fig. 3.
The paternal farm 30 of the present embodiment includes a pure female herd and a pure male herd. Pure breeding and matching can be carried out in the paternal field 30.
In the pure breeding selection, pure breed matched dams can be determined from pure breed female livestock groups in the male parent field 30, and the matched semen of the same species as the pure breed matched dams is obtained from the male livestock station 40 according to the pure breed matched dams so as to carry out the pure breeding selection, thereby obtaining the pure breed child livestock. The replacement dams can be selected from the pure breeding dams, and the replacement dams are pure breeds, so that the pure breed dams in the male parent field 30 can be regenerated. Alternatively, spare sires may be selected from the pure breeding stock and used to renew the herd of sires station 40.
In this way, the male parent farm 30 and the female parent farm 20 respectively realize self-circulation production by using the semen of the male stock station 40, and the risk of introduction can be minimized. The male parent field 30 establishes close genetic connection with all the female parent fields 20 through the male livestock station 40, the male parent field 30 and the female parent fields 20 are simultaneously measured, and a data center 50 is established together, so that big data combined breeding is realized, the breeding efficiency is greatly improved, and the breeding speed is improved. In addition, by implementing accurate genome matching, heterosis can be utilized to the maximum extent, excellent gene effect is exerted, and safe and efficient breeding production of live pigs under complex disease conditions is finally realized, namely, the preferential breeding is realized.
In the description herein, references to the terms "one embodiment," "certain embodiments," "an illustrative embodiment," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (14)
1. A method of breeding, comprising:
determining identity information of the matched female animals;
selecting selective mating semen according to the identity information of the selective mating female livestock;
and selecting the stock according to the matching semen and the matching female stock to obtain the stock with preset identity information.
2. A breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that determining identity information of the matched dams comprises:
determining identity information of the pure breed matched dams;
selecting the matching semen according to the identity information of the matching dams, comprising the following steps:
selecting mating semen of the same kind as the pure breed mating female livestock according to the identity information of the pure breed mating female livestock;
selecting the child animals according to the matching semen and the matching female animals to obtain preset identity information, wherein the child animals comprise:
and carrying out pure breeding and selective breeding according to the pure breeding matched dams and the matched semen of the same species of the pure breeding matched dams so as to obtain pure breeding child livestock.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the method comprises:
and selecting backup dams from the pure breeding sub-livestock, wherein the backup dams are used for updating pure breeding matching dams.
4. A breeding method according to claim 2, characterized in that the breeding method is used in a breeding system comprising a male stock station for breeding male animals and providing the mating semen according to the bred male animals and a male parent field for breeding the elite mating female animals, the breeding method comprising:
selecting spare male animals from the pure breeding child animals in the male parent field, wherein the spare male animals are used for updating male herds in the male animal station.
5. A breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that determining identity information of the matched dams comprises:
determining identity information of the pure breed matched dams;
selecting the matching semen according to the identity information of the matching dams, comprising the following steps:
selecting the mating semen which is different from the pure mating female livestock according to the identity information of the pure mating female livestock;
selecting the child animals according to the matching semen and the matching female animals to obtain preset identity information, wherein the child animals comprise:
and performing propagation and selection according to the pure breed matched dams and the matched semen which is heterogeneous with the pure breed matched dams to obtain propagated dams.
6. A breeding method according to claim 1, characterized in that determining identity information of the matched dams comprises:
determining identity information of binary matched dams, wherein the binary matched dams are obtained by carrying out propagation expanding and selection on pure-breed matched dams;
selecting the matching semen according to the identity information of the matching dams, comprising the following steps:
selecting mating semen xenogeneic with parent of the binary mating female livestock according to the identity information of the binary mating female livestock;
selecting the stock according to the matching semen and the matching female stock to obtain the stock with preset identity information, including;
and (4) carrying out matching according to the binary matched female livestock and the matched semen which is xenogeneic with the parent of the binary matched female livestock to obtain the commodity child livestock.
7. A breeding method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the breeding method is used in a breeding system comprising a data centre, selecting mate semen based on identity information of the mate dams, comprising:
and selecting the matching semen through the data center according to the identity information of the matched female livestock.
8. A breeding system is characterized by comprising a breeding device, a female parent field, a male parent field and a male parent station, wherein the male parent station is used for breeding male animals and providing mating semen according to the bred male animals, and the breeding device is used for determining identity information of the mating female animals from the female parent field and/or the male parent field; and is used for selecting the matching semen from the male stock station according to the identity information of the matched female stock; and a sub-animal for selecting according to the matched semen and the matched female animal to obtain predetermined identity information.
9. A breeding system according to claim 8, characterized in that identity information of mating dams is determined, the breeding apparatus being adapted to determine identity information of inbred mating dams from the maternal and/or paternal fields; and is used for selecting the matching semen of the same species as the pure breed matched female livestock from the male livestock station according to the identity information of the pure breed matched female livestock; and the breeding device is used for carrying out pure breeding and matching according to the pure breeding matched dams and the matched semen of the same species of the pure breeding matched dams so as to obtain pure breeding animals.
10. A breeding system as claimed in claim 9, wherein the breeding means is arranged to select a backup dam from the true breeding sub-dams, the backup dam being arranged to renew a true breeding matched dam.
11. A breeding system according to claim 9, characterized in that the breeding means are adapted to select spare sires from the pure breeding animals of the male parent field, which spare sires are adapted to update the sire herd of the sire station.
12. A breeding system as recited in claim 8, wherein the breeding device is configured to determine identity information of inbred dams from the maternal field; and is used for selecting the matching semen which is different from the pure breed matching female livestock from the male livestock station according to the identity information of the pure breed matching female livestock; and the breeding selection and matching are carried out according to the pure breed selection and matching female animals and the selection and matching semen which is different from the pure breed selection and matching female animals so as to obtain the breeding expansion child animals.
13. A breeding system according to claim 8, characterised in that the breeding means is arranged to determine identity information of binary matched dams from the maternal field, the binary matched dams being derived from breeding of pure breed matched dams by extensive breeding; and is used for selecting mating semen which is xenogeneic with the parent of the binary mating female livestock from the male livestock station according to the identity information of the binary mating female livestock; and for mating based on said binary matched dams and said mating semen xenogeneic to parents of said binary matched dams to obtain commercial animals.
14. A breeding system according to claim 8, characterized in that the breeding system is used in a breeding system comprising a data center, the breeding apparatus being adapted to select the matched semen according to the identity information of the matched dams via the data center.
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