CN112889615A - Construction method and system of stolonia protection feed firewood forest system - Google Patents
Construction method and system of stolonia protection feed firewood forest system Download PDFInfo
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- CN112889615A CN112889615A CN202110230241.5A CN202110230241A CN112889615A CN 112889615 A CN112889615 A CN 112889615A CN 202110230241 A CN202110230241 A CN 202110230241A CN 112889615 A CN112889615 A CN 112889615A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method and a system of a stoke protection feed salary system, relating to the field of land planning and comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: cultivating the forest belt units; step two: constructing a grass coulomb system framework based on forest belt units; step three: and D, arranging a grass coulomb wheel pasturing area, a wind cold prevention and cooling area and a drinking water and rumination area according to the grass coulomb system framework in the step II. The technical scheme can be applied to ecological environment improvement of pasturing areas, improvement of main pastures of national camps and pastures, improvement of single ecological environment of the pasturing areas through biological diversity, reduction of plant diseases and insect pests, increase of grass yield and livestock carrying capacity of unit areas in multiples, improvement of civil salary carbon, reduction of nomadism and times of transition and the like, and substantial improvement of economic, ecological and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of land planning, in particular to a construction method and a system of a stoke protection feed firewood carbon forest system.
Background
Cuyland in the traditional sense is a form of grassland pen. Mongolian, meaning "grass circle". The common stone wall, upturned grass, chaste tree twig, wood bar, earth wall, wire netting and the like enclose a certain range or area of a grassland, and are cultivated in a closed manner, or various comprehensive promoting measures such as reseeding, irrigation, raking, fertilization and the like are taken for the pasture, so that the stable yield and the high yield of the pasture in the pasture are kept, and the pasture is grazed or mowed in a stolon alternately in a planned way. The construction of the grass coulomb can not only give full play to the production potential of the grassland, improve the grass yield, but also prevent the overloading grazing and the degradation of the grassland, so that the grassland resources can be used forever. According to different construction contents and use purposes of grass coulombs, the grass coulombs are divided into grass coulombs, grass forest combined grass coulombs, grass shrubs combined wind prevention and sand fixation grass coulombs and the like. The curvularin in China is used as a disaster-resistant base in winter and spring grass shortage seasons to ensure that livestock, particularly female livestock, young livestock or old, weak, sick and disabled livestock are not or less damaged by drought, wind and snow, live through winter safely and the like.
The method aims at the defects of the traditional grass coulomb that:
firstly, the understanding of the organic group of the trees as the maximum green plant volume and the basic status of the ecological pyramid is not enough. In the process of the chain (net) of green plants, herbivores, carnivores and microbial food and material circulation of the ecological pyramid, as a tree with the largest mass ratio of the green plants, not only the annual yield of branches and leaves per unit area is 3-17 times of the annual yield of herbaceous plants, but also most of the nutritional ingredients and the feed value are more abundant than those of gramineous plants, so that the ecological pyramid is the basis, the ecological pyramid is more abundant than a single grassland in the aspect of attracting biological diversity, and especially ideal conditions are created for attraction, inhabitation and multiplication of birds and mammals. The method has obvious ecological regulation and synergy effects on improving the productivity of the grassland, accelerating the processes of material circulation, energy flow and information transfer, effectively controlling the ecological balance of the grassland, reducing the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests, improving the quality of materials for herdsmen and improving the utilization rate of the calorific value of the materials.
Secondly, the understanding of the function of the ecological generator which improves the grassland environmental elements by taking the trees as the largest organic group of life is not enough. The influence of the whole three-dimensional space of the trees, whether on the ground or underground, on the surrounding physicochemical environment is much more profound than that of herbaceous plants, and the radiation and the attraction to other organisms are much more profound. The arbor and shrub community has obvious ecological effects in the aspects of drought resistance, barren resistance, wind and sand resistance, snow blowing prevention, wind speed reduction, less evaporation, improvement of small climate of a grassland, reduction of cold and heat consumption of cold wind and insolation of livestock, soil improvement, water regulation and nutrient salt circulation compared with those of herbaceous plants.
Thirdly, the understanding of different ecological functions generated by different forest structures is insufficient. Different forest stand structural forms are formed by different tree species, and the ecological functions exerted by the forest stand structural forms are greatly different. For example, the influence on wind, temperature and humidity, the uniform coverage of the snow on the grassland and the attraction degree of birds and beasts are different greatly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art, the disclosed embodiment of the invention provides a construction method of a stoke protection feed salary system. The technical scheme is as follows:
according to a first aspect of the disclosed embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing a stoke protection feed salary system, the method comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: cultivating the forest belt units;
step two: constructing a grass coulomb system framework based on forest belt units;
step three: arranging a grass coulomb wheel pasturing area, a wind cold prevention and cooling area and a drinking water and rumination area according to the grass coulomb system framework in the step two;
in one embodiment, the step of constructing the grass coulomb system framework based on the forest belt unit is specifically,
step 1.1: establishing a grass coulomb system forest network framework;
step 1.2: establishing a grass coulomb system forest island framework;
step 1.3: and establishing a parachuting framework of a Caogulomb system.
In one embodiment, the forest belt unit comprises:
an internal and external concave-convex protective forest belt;
or/and a protective forest belt shaped like a Chinese character 'pin';
the inner and outer concave-convex type protective forest belts and the triangular protective forest belt are arbor and shrub forest belts.
In one embodiment, the grass coulomb system webbing framework comprises:
more than two first forest belt unit groups which are parallel to each other;
more than one second forest belt unit group which is parallel to each other, wherein any second forest belt unit group is vertically intersected with more than two first forest belt unit groups to form a grid-shaped structure;
and a feeding field forest belt unit group is arranged in any grid of the grid-shaped structure.
In one embodiment, the first forest belt unit group comprises a plurality of first forest belt units which are positioned on the same straight line; the second forest belt unit group comprises a plurality of second forest belt units which are positioned on the same straight line;
a first livestock access opening is formed between at least two adjacent first forest belt units positioned on the outermost side of the latticed structure.
In one embodiment, the feeding ground forest belt unit group comprises:
at least one third forest belt unit group;
the at least one group of fourth forest belt units, the at least one group of third forest belt units and the at least one group of fourth forest belt units are arranged at intervals;
the distance between at least two adjacent first forest belt units on any side edge of the grid-shaped structure is larger than the distance between any other adjacent first forest belt units on the same straight line.
In one embodiment, the stolonia-system lin dahlia framework comprises:
a central forest belt unit group;
at least one group of annular forest belt units is concentrically arranged with the central forest belt unit.
In one embodiment, the annular forest belt unit group comprises more than two fifth forest belt unit groups, and a second livestock access port is arranged between any adjacent fifth forest belt unit groups on the same circumference;
the entrances and exits of the second livestock in any adjacent annular forest belt unit groups are not completely overlapped.
In one embodiment, the stolonia-system umbrella frame comprises:
at least a pair of sixth forest belt unit group, at least a pair of sixth forest belt unit group intersect in a point, be equipped with ray formula forest belt unit group between the adjacent sixth forest belt unit group, the extension line of ray formula forest belt unit group and a pair of sixth forest belt unit group intersect in same point.
In one embodiment, the stolonia prevention feed salary system comprises:
a grass coulomb system forest network framework system;
a grass coulomb system forest island framework system;
or/and a parachuting skeleton system of a curvulan system.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method is characterized in that the method implements planning design of grassland grass coulombs according to local conditions, builds functional areas such as grass coulomb wheel pasturing areas, wind cold sheltering and cooling areas, drinking water and rumination areas and the like by using different forest wood configuration modes, and sets structures in a forest belt, a forest net, a forest island and a forest umbrella type mode to improve grassland ecological environment, build a benign ecological environment where livestock and other animals inhabit, maintain grassland ecological balance and ecological regulation, reduce the occurrence probability of plant diseases and insect pests, and achieve the purposes of improving the yield of pasture grass, preventing grassland degradation, enriching the feed structure of livestock, improving the growth conditions of livestock, improving the livestock carrying capacity and promoting the benign cycle and sustainable utilization of pastoral resources. The method mainly comprises the following two aspects:
(1) the grassland rotation grazing grid is constructed by surrounding forest trees, a plurality of grassland space structure infrastructures arranged in the forms of forest belts, forest nets, forest islands, forest umbrellas and the like are constructed, namely, the forest fences and the strong ecological regulation and control action of the forest fences are utilized, functional areas such as grazing areas, areas for keeping away from wind and cold, areas for enjoying cool, drinking water, rumination and the like are arranged, the ecological environment and the microclimate condition that grassland rotation grazing and various organisms depend on to live are constructed, the grass rest and health rest are achieved, animals such as birds and other mammals are induced to breed, the formation of biodiversity is promoted, the ecological balance of grasslands is maintained, the risk of natural disasters on the production of grazing industry is reduced, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests and the damage are reduced, and the foundation is laid for the sustainable utilization.
(2) Through reasonable grass coulomb construction and overall arrangement, except that the single ecological structure of pasture is improved, enrich its food chain (net), improve the nutrition structure that the livestock eats, can also ensure pasture ecological safety and steady high yield, for improving pasture area forage quality and rotation grazing efficiency, richen the diversity and the nutrition structure that the livestock eats, improve livestock fertility condition, increase organic animal product quality and quantity, prevent to overload pasture and grassland degeneration, all have apparent synergism. The forest trees are the plant community with the highest primary productivity of the grassland, the annual yield of branches and leaves per unit area is 3-17 times of the annual yield of herbaceous plants, and most of the nutritional values are much richer than those of gramineous plants, so that the significance of improving the productivity per unit area of the grassland, improving the quality of materials used by herdsmen and improving the utilization rate of the calorific value is remarkable.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grass coulomb system forest network framework of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a feeding field in a forest network framework of the grass coulomb system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a grass coulomb system forest island framework according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the parachuting skeleton of the Cauchun system of the present invention;
FIG. 5(a) is a plan view of the inside and outside concavo-convex type arbor and bush belt of the present invention;
fig. 5(b) is a side view of the inside and outside concavo-convex type arbor and bush belt of the present invention;
FIG. 5(c) is a front view of the inside and outside concavo-convex type arbor and bush forest belt of the present invention;
FIG. 6(a) is a top view of a delta-shaped arbor and bush belt of the present invention;
FIG. 6(b) is a side view of a delta-shaped arbor and bush belt of the present invention;
FIG. 6(c) is a front view of a delta-shaped arbor and bush forest belt of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a stoke protection feed salary system according to the present invention;
reference numerals:
1. first forest belt unit 2, second forest belt unit 3 and third forest belt unit
4. A fourth forest belt unit 5, a fifth forest belt unit 6 and a sixth forest belt unit
7. Seventh forest belt unit 8, eighth forest belt unit 9 and ninth forest belt unit
10. First livestock passageway 11 and second livestock passageway
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, like numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the exemplary embodiments below are not intended to represent all implementations consistent with the present disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present disclosure, as detailed in the appended claims.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention relates to a construction method and a system of a stoke protection feed salary system, in particular to the field of land planning. In the related art, the grass coulombs in the traditional sense are a form of grassland fences, and the grass pens are only used as mechanical barriers, do not have the capacity of life production per se, and have damage to the ecological environment of grasslands, livestock and products; secondly, the ecological structure for improving the ecological environment and the corresponding ecological function are not provided, and the sustainable ecological balance and the synergistic effect on the Uyghur grassland are not obvious. Based on the above, the construction method of the stoke protection feed firewood carbon forest system provided by the technical scheme disclosed by the disclosure comprises the structural design of functional units such as the size of the stoke, the maximum livestock carrying capacity, the trend and width of a shrub forest belt, the planting density and dynamic feed intake, the shape of a forest island, the scale of a forest umbrella, the livestock carrying capacity and the like, and further comprises the configuration modes of selecting a tree species which is suitable for the ground and the grazing, a planting mode and high-yield and multifunctional protection. Relates to the technical fields of land planning, tree cultivation and management, pasture management and livestock-raising technology, ecological management and biodiversity protection. The method can be applied to ecological environment improvement of pasturing areas, improvement of main pastures of national camps and pastures, improvement of single ecological environment of the pasturing areas by biodiversity, reduction of plant diseases and insect pests, doubling of grass yield and livestock carrying capacity of unit areas, reduction of nomadism and field transfer times and the like, design of various grassland and coulomb space structure basic facilities by taking forest belts, forest nets, forest islands, forest umbrellas and other forms as frameworks according to local conditions by improving economic, ecological and social benefits in a range, and formation of targeted standardized design schemes of functional areas such as grazing, wind cold prevention, cool enjoying areas, drinking water, rumination and the like.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for constructing a stoke protection feed salary system according to the technical scheme disclosed by the invention. According to the figure 1, the construction method of the stolonia prevention feed salary system comprises the following steps:
step S01: cultivating the forest belt units;
step S02: constructing a grass coulomb system framework based on forest belt units;
step S03: setting a grass coulomb rotation grazing area according to the grass coulomb system framework in the step S02, wherein the grass coulomb rotation grazing area is mainly provided with a grazing area and a feeding field, considering the function diversification of the grass coulomb rotation grazing area, setting a wind cold preventing and cooling area, considering the construction near the pasture owner residence with water source, and correspondingly setting drinking water and a rumination area.
It should be further noted that the construction of each functional unit of the grass coulomb protection forage forest system means that the functional area planning design of grass coulomb wheel pasturing area, wind cold and cool sheltering area, drinking water and ruminating area, etc. is made according to the function requirements of different grasslands in the jurisdiction, the landform (slope, slope direction and slope position) and the habitat, which can exert the maximum ecological function. The method comprises the structural design of functional units such as the size of the grass coulomb, the maximum livestock carrying capacity, the trend and width of a shrub forest belt, the planting density, the dynamic feed intake, the shape of a forest island, the scale of a forest umbrella, the livestock carrying capacity and the like, and also comprises the configuration modes of selecting tree species which are suitable for the ground and the grazing, planting modes and high-yield and multifunctional protection. Relates to the technical fields of land planning, tree cultivation and management, pasture management and livestock-raising technology, ecological management and biodiversity protection. Can be applied to the ecological environment promotion of pasture, the transformation of national camp and pasture owner's pasture to the single ecological environment of biodiversity improvement pasture reduces the plant diseases and insect pests and takes place, improves the yield and the livestock carrying capacity of unit area by multiples, in order to reduce nomadic and the number of times of shifting to the ground etc. with the range promotion economy, ecology and social.
In one embodiment, the step of constructing the grass coulomb system framework based on the forest belt unit is specifically,
step S01.1: establishing a grass coulomb system forest network skeleton, further pointing out that the grass coulomb system forest network layout for determining the livestock carrying capacity according to the grass production capacity utilizes forest fences and strong ecological regulation and control functions thereof to set functional areas such as a grazing area, an area for keeping away wind cold and enjoying cool, drinking water and rumination and the like, creates ecological environment and microclimate conditions for grassland rotation grazing and various organisms to live on, promotes the formation of biodiversity, maintains the ecological balance of grassland, reduces the risk of natural disasters to the production of the grazing industry, reduces the incidence of plant diseases and insect pests and the pesticide hazard, and lays a foundation for the sustainable utilization of grassland resources.
Step S01.2: the establishment of the grass coulomb system forest island framework needs to be further pointed out that the planting mode of mainly applying trees in a district with rich water and soil resources and establishing the forest island according to local conditions realizes the functional targets of grazing, wind cold prevention, cooling, drinking water, rumination and the like.
Step S01.3: the establishment of the stoloniferous system forest umbrella framework needs to be further pointed out that the planting mode of forest umbrellas is mainly applied to areas where water and soil resources are relatively scarce and local conditions are established according to local conditions so as to realize the functional goals of grazing, wind cold prevention, cool enjoying, drinking water, rumination and the like.
In one embodiment, the forest belt unit comprises:
an inside and outside concave-convex type protection forest belt as shown in fig. 5(a), (b) and (c) is used for aiming at the unit design of the inside and outside concave-convex type protection and feeding belt of the arbor and shrub forest belt;
the inner and outer concave-convex type shelter belts are arbor and shrub forest belts 1202, and it is further pointed out that, as shown in fig. 5(a), concave parts of the inner and outer concave-convex type shelter belts are concave rumination areas 1201 for livestock to eat, keep away from wind cold and avoid summer heat; the convex part of the internal and external concave-convex type protective forest belt is a convex rumination area 1202 for livestock to eat, keep away from wind and cold and avoid summer heat; the inner and outer concave-convex type protective forest belt is a concave-convex type shrub feed forest structure unit 1203.
The delta-shaped protection forest belt shown in fig. 6(a), (b) and (c) is used for designing the unit of the delta-shaped protection and feeding belt for the arbor and shrub forest belt;
as shown in fig. 6(a), the delta-shaped shelter belts are arbor and shrub belts, and it should be further pointed out that the concave part of the delta-shaped shelter belt is a ruminant area 1301 with the shape of delta for feeding livestock, avoiding wind cold and summer heat; the protective forest belt shaped like a Chinese character 'pin' is a Chinese character 'pin' shaped shrub feed forest structure unit 1302;
the arbor and shrub forest belt is suitable for protecting feed forest tree species in northern and northwest areas:
and (3) arbor: ulmaceae such as Ulmus davidiana var, black mulberry, narrow leaved oleaster, shiny-leaved yellowhorn, Populus parviflora, Populus deltoides, Populus diversifolia, Ammopipta mongolica, Salix alba, Cera chinensis, etc.
And (3) shrub: caragana microphylla, wool tops, caragana, sea buckthorn, nitraria tangutorum bobr, flowering rods, medlar, haloxylons, amorpha fruticosa, salix psammophila, long and short tamarix chinensis, Calligonum mongolicum and the like.
In an example, the grass coulomb system webbing framework comprises: more than two first forest belt unit groups which are parallel to each other; more than one second forest belt unit group which is parallel to each other, wherein any second forest belt unit group is vertically intersected with more than two first forest belt unit groups to form a grid-shaped structure; and a feeding field forest belt unit group is arranged in any grid of the grid-shaped structure.
In an example, as shown in fig. 2, the first forest belt unit group includes a plurality of first forest belt units 1 located on the same straight line; the second forest belt unit group comprises a plurality of second forest belt units 2 which are positioned on the same straight line; a first livestock passageway 10 is arranged between at least two adjacent first forest belt units 1 positioned on the outermost side of the grid-shaped structure.
In the example, the number of the feeding field forest belt unit groups is 3, any two feeding field forest belt unit groups are parallel to each other, and the feeding field forest belt unit groups comprise: 3-4 groups of third forest belt unit groups; the 3 groups of fourth forest belt unit groups, the 3-4 groups of third forest belt unit groups and the 3 groups of fourth forest belt unit groups are arranged at intervals, and it needs to be further pointed out that the third forest belt unit groups and the fourth forest belt unit groups at the corresponding positions of the adjacent feeding ground forest belt unit groups are arranged in a staggered mode.
In an example, as shown in fig. 2, the third forest belt unit group includes more than two groups of third forest belt units 3 parallel to each other; the number of the third forest belt units 3 is not limited and is set according to the actual situation of the grass coulombs; the fourth forest belt unit group comprises a plurality of fourth forest belt units 4 located on the same straight line, the number of the fourth forest belt units 4 is not limited, the fourth forest belt units are arranged according to the practical situation of the CaoKulun, it needs to be further pointed out that the third forest belt units 3 are shrub forest belts, the shrub forest belts are provided with feeding areas, the fourth forest belt units 4 are shrub forest belts, the shrub forest belts are provided with feeding areas, and it needs to be further pointed out that the third forest belt unit groups and the fourth forest belt unit groups are collectively called as wind-cold-preventing, summer-heat-preventing and rumination-resting areas 16 according to the practical situation.
In an example, as shown in fig. 3, the grasscoulomb system forest island framework includes: the central forest belt unit group needs to be further pointed out, the central forest belt unit group comprises a sixth forest belt unit 6 and at least four seventh forest belt units 7 which surround the sixth forest belt unit 6 at equal angles, at least one group of annular forest belt unit groups are concentrically arranged with the central forest belt unit group, the sixth forest belt unit 6 is a flagpole type big tree in the center of the forest island, and the seventh forest belt unit 7 is a tree cluster in the center of the forest island.
In the example, the endless forest belt unit group includes more than two fifth forest belt unit groups, a second livestock gateway 11 is provided between any adjacent fifth forest belt unit groups on the same circumference, it should be further noted that the fifth forest belt unit group includes a plurality of arc-shaped fifth forest belt unit groups 503, the arc-shaped fifth forest belt unit groups overlap with an arc having a radius equal to a distance between the fifth forest belt unit 5 and the sixth forest belt unit 6, and it should be further noted that the fifth forest belt unit 5 is a tree forest belt unit.
In the example, areas between the sixth forest belt unit 6 and the seventh forest belt unit 7, between the seventh forest belt units 7 arranged concentrically, and between the seventh forest belt unit 7 and the fifth forest belt unit are collectively referred to as wind-cold-avoiding, summer-heat-avoiding, and rumination rest areas 15 according to actual conditions.
In the example, the second animal entrances and exits 11 of any adjacent concentric endless forest belt unit groups do not completely coincide.
In an example, as shown in fig. 4, the stolonia-system umbrella frame includes: the at least one pair of eighth forest belt unit groups are intersected at one point, a ray type forest belt unit group is arranged between every two adjacent eighth forest belt unit groups, and extension lines of the ray type forest belt unit groups and the pair of eighth forest belt unit groups are intersected at the same point; it needs further to point out that eighth forest zone unit group has included a plurality of eighth forest zone units 8 that the equidistance set up, and ray formula forest zone unit group includes a plurality of ninth forest zone units 9 that the equidistance set up, and eighth forest zone unit 8 is 4 main forest zone units of arbor forest umbrella, and ninth forest zone unit 9 is vice forest zone unit of arbor forest umbrella.
In the example, the eighth forest belt unit 8 and the ninth forest belt unit 9 which are adjacent are arranged as a multidirectional wind-cold-proof, summer-heat-proof and rumination rest area 14 according to actual needs.
Example two:
a Caucasian protective feed forest system constructed by utilizing the construction method of the Caucasian protective feed salary system in the first embodiment comprises the following steps: a grass coulomb system forest network framework system; a grass coulomb system forest island framework system; or/and a parachuting skeleton system of a curvulan system.
(1) The grassland rotation grazing grid is constructed by surrounding forest trees, a plurality of grassland space structure infrastructures arranged in the forms of forest belts, forest nets, forest islands, forest umbrellas and the like are constructed, namely, the forest fences and the strong ecological regulation and control action of the forest fences are utilized, functional areas such as grazing areas, areas for keeping away from wind and cold, areas for enjoying cool, drinking water, rumination and the like are arranged, the ecological environment and the microclimate condition that grassland rotation grazing and various organisms depend on to live are constructed, the grass rest and health rest are achieved, animals such as birds and other mammals are induced to breed, the formation of biodiversity is promoted, the ecological balance of grasslands is maintained, the risk of natural disasters on the production of grazing industry is reduced, the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests and the damage are reduced, and the foundation is laid for the sustainable utilization.
(2) Through reasonable grass coulomb construction and overall arrangement, except that the single ecological structure of pasture is improved, enrich its food chain (net), improve the nutrition structure that the livestock eats, can also ensure pasture ecological safety and steady high yield, for improving pasture area forage quality and rotation grazing efficiency, richen the diversity and the nutrition structure that the livestock eats, improve livestock fertility condition, increase organic animal product quality and quantity, prevent to overload pasture and grassland degeneration, all have apparent synergism. The forest trees are the plant community with the highest primary productivity of the grassland, the annual yield of branches and leaves per unit area is 3-17 times of that of herbaceous plants, most of the nutritional values are much richer than those of gramineous plants, and the method is of great significance for improving the productivity per unit area of the grassland.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to design a grass coulomb protection feed forest system taking forest belts, forest nets, forest islands, forest umbrellas and other forms as frameworks, so as to create stable environment conditions for feeding, breeding, perching and refuge of livestock and grassland biological communities (animals and microorganisms), and lay a foundation for the sustainable development of the ecological balance of the Uyghur grassland and the animal husbandry.
The invention is creatively applied according to the research and practice of ecological benefits and economic benefits of wind prevention, heating power, hydrology, soil improvement, sand fixation and the like of the protection forest.
Firstly, aiming at the application of the windproof benefits of a protection feed forest:
1. the flow field structure near the forest belt is changed, and the airflow does not move along the straight direction any more. When the airflow meets the forest belt, the airflow is extruded in front of the forest belt to form an air pillow area, and the airflow is forced to rise to cross the forest wall to form an accelerating area above the forest wall.
2. The wind speed before and after the forest belt is weakened, the airflow condition is changed, and the turbulence condition is also influenced. The distance between the air pillow area 3 times the height of the trees in front of the forest belt and the distance between the air pillow area 10 times the height of the trees behind the forest belt belongs to the effective protection range of the forest belt, namely the effective value can be reduced by 70-80% of strong wind, for example, the windproof efficiency of the three-year-old Xinjiang poplar forest belt and the Calligonum mongolicum forest belt 1 time the height of the trees behind the forest is shown in the following table.
Secondly, aiming at the application of the thermal benefits of the protection feed forest:
mainly on the influence of surface temperature, air temperature, humidity and radiation:
7-month-noon (14: 00) change rule of temperature, humidity and radiation of different underlying surfaces
Thirdly, aiming at the application of hydrologic benefits of the protected feed forest:
according to the weakening of the wind speed, the influence degree on the surface temperature, the air temperature, the humidity and the radiation is obvious, and the influence on soil evaporation, plant transpiration, air humidity and soil humidity and chain reaction on precipitation, accumulated snow distribution and underground water can be obviously generated.
Fourthly: aiming at the application of soil improvement benefits:
due to the deep and luxuriant roots of trees, the activity of the roots and the accumulation of the overground part organisms, the decomposition of the litter inevitably has positive influence on the composition and the activity of the soil microorganism, and leads to positive succession of soil characteristics, fertility and structure.
Fifth, the method comprises the following steps: aiming at the application of sand fixation benefits:
observed by three sand-accumulating devices with different underlying surfaces: the total sand conveying amount of the flowing sand land is 906g/cm2, the total sand conveying amount of Xinjiang Yangling land is 150g/cm2, the sand flux of the Calligonum mongolicum Linn land is 118g/cm2, the sand flux of the Calligonum mongolicum Linn is reduced by 83% compared with the flowing sand land, and the sand flux of the Calligonum mongolicum Linn land is reduced by 87% compared with the.
Sixth: aiming at the application of economic benefits of the protection feed forest:
1. wood and energy production base: according to 350m in Shanxi Xia countyx400m forest net, 3 rows of trees in forest belt, 2m spacing between plants and rowsx2m, can provide 165m3 timber after 10 years of afforestation, and 27000kg firewood carbon.
2. Providing a feed: the tender branches and leaves of the trees and shrubs are high-protein feed, 35kg of leaves can be picked from a small leaf poplar of 10-15 years old, 5-6% of crude protein and 4.5-9.6% of crude fiber are contained in the leaves picked in 7-10 months, and the small leaf poplar is soft in texture and fragrant in smell after dry storage or ensiling and is high-quality silage for cattle and sheep.
3. Can provide nitrogenous fertilizer raw materials: it was investigated that 500kg of amorpha corresponds to 33kg of ammonium sulphate, 7.5kg of calcium phosphate, 7.5kg of potassium sulphate.
4. A variety of forest by-products can be produced: can be used for providing dried fruits, medicinal materials, bee keeping, paper pulp, textile materials, and forest products such as vegetable oil and wax.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a Caucasian protective feed salary system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: cultivating the forest belt units;
step two: constructing a grass coulomb system framework based on forest belt units;
step three: and arranging a grass coulomb wheel pasturing area, a wind cold prevention and cooling area and a drinking water and rumination area according to the grass coulomb system framework in the step two.
2. The method for constructing the stolonia protection feed salary system according to claim 1, wherein the step of constructing the stolonia system skeleton based on forest belt units is specifically,
step 1.1: establishing a grass coulomb system forest network framework;
step 1.2: establishing a grass coulomb system forest island framework;
step 1.3: and establishing a parachuting framework of a Caogulomb system.
3. The method of constructing a stoke protection feed salary system according to claim 1, wherein the forest belt unit comprises:
an internal and external concave-convex protective forest belt;
or/and a protective forest belt shaped like a Chinese character 'pin';
the inner and outer concave-convex type protective forest belts and the triangular protective forest belt are arbor and shrub forest belts.
4. The method for constructing a grass coulomb protection feed salary system according to claim 2, wherein the grass coulomb system mesh belt framework comprises:
more than two first forest belt unit groups which are parallel to each other;
more than one second forest belt unit group which is parallel to each other, wherein any second forest belt unit group is vertically intersected with more than two first forest belt unit groups to form a grid-shaped structure;
and a feeding field forest belt unit group is arranged in any grid of the grid-shaped structure.
5. The method for constructing a stoke protection feed salary system according to claim 4, wherein the first forest belt unit group comprises a plurality of first forest belt units which are positioned on the same straight line; the second forest belt unit group comprises a plurality of second forest belt units which are positioned on the same straight line;
a first livestock access opening is formed between at least two adjacent first forest belt units positioned on the outermost side of the latticed structure.
6. The method for constructing a stoke protection feed salary system according to claim 2, wherein the feeding ground forest belt unit group comprises:
at least one third forest belt unit group;
the at least one group of fourth forest belt units, the at least one group of third forest belt units and the at least one group of fourth forest belt units are arranged at intervals;
the distance between at least two adjacent first forest belt units on any side edge of the grid-shaped structure is larger than the distance between any other adjacent first forest belt units on the same straight line.
7. The method for constructing the stoke protection feed salary system according to claim 1, wherein the stoke system forest island framework comprises:
a central forest belt unit group;
at least one group of annular forest belt units is concentrically arranged with the central forest belt unit.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said endless forest belt units comprise two or more fifth forest belt units, and a second livestock gateway is provided between any adjacent fifth forest belt units on the same circumference;
the entrances and exits of the second livestock in any adjacent annular forest belt unit groups are not completely overlapped.
9. The method for constructing the stoke protection feed salary system according to claim 2, wherein the stoke system umbrella frame comprises:
at least a pair of sixth forest belt unit group, at least a pair of sixth forest belt unit group intersect in a point, be equipped with ray formula forest belt unit group between the adjacent sixth forest belt unit group, the extension line of ray formula forest belt unit group and a pair of sixth forest belt unit group intersect in same point.
10. The Caucasian protective feed salary system constructed by the construction method of the Caucasian protective feed salary system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the Caucasian protective feed salary system comprises:
a grass coulomb system forest network framework system;
a grass coulomb system forest island framework system;
or/and a parachuting skeleton system of a curvulan system.
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| CN103563629A (en) * | 2013-10-29 | 2014-02-12 | 陈立新 | Method for comprehensive matching in degenerated grassland protection forest construction |
| CN104285534A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-01-21 | 赵伟森 | Soil improvement and water and soil conservation method for black soil area |
| CN107211814A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-09-29 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of dust storm forward position Oasis economy shelter-forest implantation methods |
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