CN112885325A - Underslung active noise reduction back cushion - Google Patents
Underslung active noise reduction back cushion Download PDFInfo
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- CN112885325A CN112885325A CN202110309808.8A CN202110309808A CN112885325A CN 112885325 A CN112885325 A CN 112885325A CN 202110309808 A CN202110309808 A CN 202110309808A CN 112885325 A CN112885325 A CN 112885325A
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 63
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004556 brain Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002216 heart Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D33/00—Seats
- B61D33/0007—Details; Accessories
- B61D33/005—Head, arm or footrests
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
- G10K11/17823—Reference signals, e.g. ambient acoustic environment
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
- G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
- G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
- G10K11/17821—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions characterised by the analysis of the input signals only
- G10K11/17825—Error signals
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicles, and provides an underslung active noise reduction headrest and a railway vehicle cockpit which actively reduces noise by adopting the mode. The invention aims to solve the problem of noise reduction of low-frequency noise in a cab of a subway vehicle. The active noise reduction system comprises the reference sensor, the error sensor, the loudspeaker and a signal processor which is in communication connection with the sensor and the loudspeaker. The signal processor receives the environmental noise signal and the feedback correction signal transmitted by the sensor, and controls the loudspeaker to emit noise sound waves with the same frequency and amplitude but opposite phases, so that the noise transmitted into the ears of the passengers is suppressed. In addition, an electric lifting device is arranged in a control box at the top of the cockpit, and when a noise reduction demand exists, the headrest is controlled to the head position of a driver, and an active noise reduction system is started, so that the noise in the cockpit of the subway vehicle is reduced, and the driving comfort is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway vehicles, and provides an active noise reduction headrest capable of freely hanging or hiding, and a railway vehicle cockpit for actively reducing noise in such a way.
Background
In recent years, the construction of rail vehicles such as subways and the like in China is rapidly developed, and various problems are gradually shown while the number of the rail vehicles is increased, wherein the problem of noise pollution is more prominent, particularly noise inside and outside a high-speed train. The high-speed train has high speed and high noise, and brings serious influence to the riding comfort of a driver and passengers, particularly, when the driver works in a high-noise environment for a long time, the hearing of the driver is damaged by different degrees, and more serious people influence the normal physiological functions of heart, brain, nerves and the like, thereby influencing the driving safety. In addition, noise of rail vehicles such as subways mainly comprises traction noise, wheel-rail noise, aerodynamic noise and the like, the noise frequency is mainly low and medium frequency, and the traditional passive noise reduction cannot meet the noise reduction requirement.
Based on the current situation, how to effectively reduce noise for the cab of the rail vehicle such as the subway becomes an urgent problem to be solved in the field. In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an active noise reduction headrest capable of being freely suspended or hidden and a railway vehicle cab for actively reducing noise by adopting the mode, wherein the active noise reduction headrest capable of being freely suspended or hidden mainly comprises a headrest (1), an active noise reduction system (2), an electric lifting device (3) and a cab top control box (4), the control box (4) is positioned above a driver seat/passenger cabin seat and is installed on the cab/passenger cabin top of the railway vehicle, the headrest (1) is connected with the electric lifting device (3) through two side expansion brackets (3-6) to realize suspension, the electric lifting device (3) is arranged in the control box (4) according to the position of the headrest (1), and the active noise reduction system (2) is symmetrically arranged on the side part of the headrest (1) close to the position beside ears.
The back cushion (1) is characterized in that telescopic frame clamping grooves (1-1) are formed in the left side and the right side of the back cushion (1) and used for installing telescopic frames (3-6) to achieve up-and-down movement of the back cushion (1); two grooves are formed in the positions, close to the ears, of the side wings of the headrest (1) and used for installing an error sensor (2-2) and a loudspeaker (2-3) in the active noise reduction system (2); in addition, the back of the headrest (1) is of an arc-shaped structure, so that the riding comfort of a driver or a passenger is improved.
The active noise reduction system (2) is characterized in that the active noise reduction system (2) comprises four reference sensors, a signal processor (2-1), error sensors (2-2) and speakers (2-3), the number of the reference sensors is 1, and the number of the reference sensors is 1, wherein the number of the reference sensors is 1, and the number of the reference sensors are arranged on the left side and the right side of a cockpit (are respectively arranged near a cockpit door window), the error sensors (2-2) and the speakers (2-3) are arranged; the signal processor (2-1) is arranged in the cabin top control box (4). The four reference sensors in the cockpit/passenger cabin are used for acquiring noise in the cockpit/passenger cabin in real time, the signal processor (2-1) receives noise signals acquired by the reference sensors and processes the signals, the signal processor (2-1) generates anti-phase sound waves for offsetting the noise and controls the loudspeaker (2-3) to emit the anti-phase sound waves for offsetting the noise; the error sensor (2-2) collects noise near the human ear and feeds the noise back to the signal processor (2-1) to correct the inverse sound wave signal in real time, so that noise cancellation is realized.
The electric lifting device (3) is characterized in that the electric lifting device (3) comprises a motor (3-1), a steel wire rope reel (3-2), a steel wire rope (3-3), a guide wheel (3-4), a pulley (3-5), an expansion bracket (3-6), a sliding block (3-7), a sliding rail (3-8), a sliding groove (3-9), a motor fixing frame (3-10) and a winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11). The output shaft of the motor (3-1) is connected with the axle of the steel wire rope reel (3-2) through a coupler, and the motor (3-1) drives the steel wire rope reel (3-2) to rotate; two wire grooves are formed in the steel wire rope reel (3-2) and used for winding the two steel wire ropes (3-3). One end of the steel wire rope (3-3) is fixed in a wire casing of the steel wire rope reel (3-2), and the other end of the steel wire rope (3-3) is guided and connected to a clamping groove (1-1) of an expansion bracket of the back cushion (1) through a guide wheel (3-4) and bears main traction force in the movement process of the back cushion (1). In particular, the winding directions of the steel wire ropes (3-3) on two sides in the wire grooves of the steel wire rope winding wheel (3-2) are opposite, so that the headrest (1) connected with the two steel wire ropes (3-3) can move upwards or downwards simultaneously when the steel wire rope winding wheel (3-2) rotates towards one side. In addition, in order to ensure the stability of the headrest (1) when the headrest is in a standing state, a motor with a self-locking device, such as a direct-current permanent magnet band brake motor, is selected. The two guide wheels (3-4) are symmetrically arranged in the control box, and the axle axes of the guide wheels are not superposed with the vertical central line of the sliding grooves (3-9).
The sliding grooves (3-9) are respectively positioned on two sides of the cabin top control box (4), each side comprises two sections of sliding grooves (3-9), and the pulleys (3-5) are loaded from the position with the larger cross section of the sliding grooves (3-9) and can freely roll in the sliding grooves (3-9). In particular, the length of each short runner (3-9) should be greater than the 1/2 maximum stretch distance of one set of telescopic frames (3-6) in view of the sliding range of the chain ends. In addition, in order to improve the stability of the expansion bracket (3-6) in the movement process, two sections of chains are arranged between the chutes on the two sides of the cabin top control box, one end of each chain is fixed at the central axis of the chute (3-9) on the two sides, and the other end of each chain is fixedly connected with the chain on the uppermost side of the expansion bracket (3-6).
The lower end of the telescopic frame (3-6) extends into the headrest clamping groove (1-1) and is installed inside two sides of the headrest (1), two pulleys (3-5) on two sides are close to or far away from the sliding groove (3-9) simultaneously, and the vertical position of the headrest (1) is adjusted through extension or contraction of the telescopic frame (3-6).
The cabin top control box (4) is characterized in that in the cabin top control box (4), a motor (3-1) and a motor fixing frame (3-10) are sleeved by bolts, the motor fixing frame (3-10) is fixed on the upper wall of the cabin top control box (4) by bolts, a steel wire rope reel (3-2) is supported on a winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11) through a bearing, and the winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11) is fixed on the upper wall of the control box by bolts; the guide wheels (3-4) are arranged on the wheel shaft, and the wheel shaft is fixedly arranged on a wheel shaft bracket welded on the side wall of the control box; the pulleys (3-5) are connected with the upper ends of the telescopic frames (3-6) and can freely roll in the chutes (3-9), so that the telescopic frames (3-6) can extend and contract, and the function of bearing the gravity of the telescopic frames (3-6) and part of the headrest (1) is achieved to a certain extent; in addition, the steel wire ropes (3-3) are matched with the telescopic frames (3-6) to realize stable downward suspension and lifting of the back cushion (1).
In addition, the invention also provides a railway vehicle cockpit, which is the railway vehicle cockpit in any one of the above technical schemes, and the railway vehicle cockpit comprises the active noise reduction system in any one of the above technical schemes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the active noise reduction system adopted by the lower suspension or hidden active noise reduction back cushion has better medium and low frequency characteristics, and can effectively solve the noise reduction problem of the cockpit of a railway vehicle such as a subway and the like; the active noise reduction back cushion has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient and reliable use, no change of the structure of the cockpit and no occupation of driving space; in addition, the active noise reduction headrest can be automatically suspended or retracted according to the noise reduction requirement of a driver/passenger, so that the working and riding environment with subjective needs can be provided for the driver/passenger, and the riding comfort of a train is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of an underslung active noise reduction headrest of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a headrest and a portion of an active noise reduction system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure within the control box of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a connection structure of an electric lifting device of an underslung active noise reduction headrest according to the present invention;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural view of the guide wheel according to the invention.
Wherein the reference numerals include: 1. the safety protection system comprises a headrest, 1-1 parts of a telescopic frame clamping groove, 1-2 parts of a protection cover, 1-3 parts of a protection cover, 2 parts of an active noise reduction system, 2-1 parts of a signal processor, 2-2 parts of an error sensor, 2-3 parts of a loudspeaker, 3 parts of an electric lifting device, 3-1 parts of a motor, 3-2 parts of a steel wire rope reel, 3-3 parts of a steel wire rope, 3-4 parts of a guide wheel, 3-5 parts of a pulley, 3-6 parts of a telescopic frame, 3-7 parts of a sliding block, 3-8 parts of a sliding rail, 3-9 parts of a sliding groove, 3-10 parts of a motor fixing frame, 3-11 parts of a winding wheel shaft bearing seat and 4 parts.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following detailed description is only used for explaining the basic technical principle of the present invention, and does not limit the protection scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make corresponding modifications according to the actual situation.
Further, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms indicating relative positional relationships such as "inside", "upper", "lower", and the like are based on the relative positional relationships in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description.
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1 to 2, in order to solve the noise reduction problem of the railway vehicle cockpit such as a subway proposed in the background art, the invention provides a down-hanging or hidden active noise reduction headrest and a railway vehicle cockpit which actively reduces noise by adopting the same. The active noise reduction headrest of underslung mainly include headrest (1), active noise reduction system (2), electric lifting device (3), cabin roof control box (4), control box (4) be located driver's seat/main cabin seat top and install at rail vehicle driver's cabin/main cabin roof, headrest (1) is connected through both sides expansion bracket (3-6) electric lifting device (3) are realized hanging, electric lifting device (3) set up in control box (4) according to headrest (1) position, active noise reduction system (2) symmetrical arrangement is in headrest (1) lateral part is close to the other position of ear.
Referring to fig. 2, the left side and the right side of the back cushion (1) are provided with telescopic frame clamping grooves (1-1) for mounting telescopic frames (3-6) to realize the up-and-down movement of the back cushion (1); two grooves are formed in the positions, close to the ears, of the side wings of the headrest (1) and used for installing an error sensor (2-2) and a loudspeaker (2-3) in the active noise reduction system (2); in addition, the back of the headrest (1) is of an arc-shaped structure, so that the riding comfort of a driver or a passenger is improved.
Referring to fig. 2 to 3, the active noise reduction system (2) includes four reference sensors, a signal processor (2-1), error sensors (2-2) and speakers (2-3), the reference sensors are arranged at 1 ceiling of the cockpit/cabin, 1 floor of the cockpit/cabin, and 1 on each of the left and right sides of the cockpit (all installed near the cockpit door window), the error sensors (2-2) and the speakers (2-3) are both disposed in the grooves of the side wings of the headrest (1) near the ear side, and the surface of the grooves is provided with a protective cover (1-2) to prevent the error sensors (2-2) and the speakers (2-3) from being damaged; the signal processor (2-1) is arranged in the cabin top control box (4). The four reference sensors in the cockpit/passenger cabin are used for acquiring noise in the cockpit/passenger cabin in real time, the signal processor (2-1) receives noise signals acquired by the reference sensors and processes the signals, the signal processor (2-1) generates anti-phase sound waves for offsetting the noise and controls the loudspeaker (2-3) to emit the anti-phase sound waves for offsetting the noise; the error sensor (2-2) collects noise near the human ear and feeds the noise back to the signal processor (2-1) to correct the inverse sound wave signal in real time, so that noise cancellation is realized.
Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the electric lifting device (3) comprises a motor (3-1), a steel wire reel (3-2), a steel wire (3-3), a guide wheel (3-4), a pulley (3-5), an expansion bracket (3-6), a slide block (3-7), a slide rail (3-8), a slide groove (3-9), a motor fixing frame (3-10) and a winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11). The output shaft of the motor (3-1) is connected with the axle of the steel wire rope reel (3-2) through a coupler, and the motor (3-1) drives the steel wire rope reel (3-2) to rotate; two wire grooves are formed in the steel wire rope reel (3-2) and used for winding the two steel wire ropes (3-3). One end of the steel wire rope (3-3) is fixed in a wire casing of the steel wire rope reel (3-2), and the other end of the steel wire rope (3-3) is guided and connected to a clamping groove (1-1) of an expansion bracket of the back cushion (1) through a guide wheel (3-4) and bears main traction force in the movement process of the back cushion (1). In particular, the winding directions of the steel wire ropes (3-3) on two sides in the wire grooves of the steel wire rope winding wheel (3-2) are opposite, so that the headrest (1) connected with the two steel wire ropes (3-3) can move upwards or downwards simultaneously when the steel wire rope winding wheel (3-2) rotates towards one side. In addition, in order to ensure the stability of the headrest (1) when the headrest is in a standing state, a motor with a self-locking device, such as a direct-current permanent magnet band brake motor, is selected. The two guide wheels (3-4) are symmetrically arranged in the control box, and the axle axes of the guide wheels are not superposed with the vertical central line of the sliding grooves (3-9).
The sliding grooves (3-9) are respectively positioned on two sides of the cabin top control box (4), each side comprises two sections of sliding grooves (3-9), and the pulleys (3-5) are loaded from the position with the larger cross section of the sliding grooves (3-9) and can freely roll in the sliding grooves (3-9). In particular, the length of each short runner (3-9) should be greater than the 1/2 maximum stretch distance of one set of telescopic frames (3-6) in view of the sliding range of the chain ends. In addition, in order to improve the stability of the expansion bracket (3-6) in the movement process, two sections of chains are arranged between the chutes on the two sides of the cabin top control box, one end of each chain is fixed at the central axis of the chute (3-9) on the two sides, and the other end of each chain is fixedly connected with the chain on the uppermost side of the expansion bracket (3-6).
The lower end of the telescopic frame (3-6) extends into the headrest clamping groove (1-1) and is installed inside two sides of the headrest (1), two pulleys (3-5) on two sides are close to or far away from the sliding groove (3-9) simultaneously, and the vertical position of the headrest (1) is adjusted through extension or contraction of the telescopic frame (3-6).
Continuing to refer to fig. 1, in the cabin roof control box (4), a motor (3-1) and a motor fixing frame (3-10) are sleeved by bolts, the motor fixing frame (3-10) is fixed on the upper wall of the cabin roof control box (4) by bolts, a steel wire rope reel (3-2) and a winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11) are installed by bolts, and the winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11) is fixed on the upper wall of the control box by bolts; the guide wheels (3-4) are welded on the side wall of the control box; the pulleys (3-5) are connected with the upper ends of the telescopic frames (3-6) and can freely roll in the chutes (3-9), so that the telescopic frames (3-6) can extend and contract, and the function of bearing the gravity of the telescopic frames (3-6) and part of the headrest (1) is achieved to a certain extent; in addition, the steel wire ropes (3-3) and the telescopic frames (3-6) are matched with each other, so that the headrest (1) can stably and rapidly vertically move
The active noise reduction headrest of underslung type is hidden at the top of a metro cockpit when the noise reduction requirement does not exist, and an electric lifting device (3) is controlled to lower the headrest (1) to the head position of a driver and start an active noise reduction system (2) when the noise reduction requirement exists, so that the noise in the metro vehicle cockpit is reduced, the driving comfort is improved, and the method mainly comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the cabin top control box (4) is arranged on the cab top of the rail vehicle, and an electric lifting device (3) and an active noise reduction signal processor (2-1) are arranged in the cabin top control box (4); the electric lifting device (3) controls the lifting of the headrest (1), the signal processor (2-1) receives noise signals collected by the reference sensor, sound wave signals of noise are offset in an opposite phase mode are generated, the loudspeaker is controlled to reflect reverse sound waves, the error sensor (2-2) collects noise near the ears of a person and feeds the noise back to the signal processor (2-1) to correct the reverse sound wave signals in real time, and the loudspeaker (2-3) receives the sound wave signals transmitted by the signal processor (2-1) and outputs the sound waves of the offset noise, so that noise offset is achieved.
Step two: when a driver/passenger needs to reduce noise, the electric lifting device (3) starts a control button, the motor (3-1) drives the steel wire rope reel (3-2) to rotate in the forward direction, the upper end of the steel wire rope (3-3) is wound on the steel wire rope reel (3-2), the lower end of the steel wire rope (3-3) pulls the headrest (1), the steel wire rope (3-3) is discharged from the reel (3-2) under the forward rotation effect of the reel (3-2), the steel wire rope (3-3) is guided by the guide wheels (3-4) to drive the headrest (1) to descend, meanwhile, due to the traction of the steel wire rope (3-3) on the headrest (1), the two pulleys (3-5) at the upper ends of the telescopic frames (3-6) on two sides are close to each other and slide in the sliding grooves (3-9) at the same time, and the sliding blocks (3-7) at the lower ends of the ) And meanwhile, the two parts are close to each other and slide in the sliding rails (3-8), and the expansion bracket (3-6) is extended and drives the back cushion (1) to stably descend until the back cushion descends to the head position of a driver.
At the moment, a reference sensor in the cabin collects noise signals in the cabin, a signal processor (2-1) in a cabin top control box receives the collected noise signals and processes the signals to generate inverted sound waves for canceling the noise and control loudspeakers at two sides close to the occipital ears to emit the noise, an error sensor (2-2) collects the noise signals near the two ears of the driver and transmits the noise signals to the signal processor (2-1), the signal processor (2-1) receives the noise signals transmitted by the error sensor and updates the inverted sound waves for canceling the noise in real time according to the noise signals, the loudspeakers (2-3) receive the inverted sound waves again and output the sound waves for canceling the noise signals, the noise is circularly repeated, the noise at the ears of the driver/passengers is continuously reduced, and the driving/riding comfort of the driver/passengers is improved.
Step three: when a driver/passenger does not need to reduce noise, the electric lifting device (3) starts a control button, the motor (3-1) drives the steel wire rope reel (3-2) to rotate reversely, the upper end of the steel wire rope (3-3) is wound on the steel wire rope reel (3-2), the lower end of the steel wire rope (3-3) pulls the headrest (1), the steel wire rope (3-3) is wound on the steel wire rope reel (3-2) under the reverse rotation effect of the steel wire rope reel (3-2), the steel wire rope (3-3) is guided by the guide wheels (3-4) to drive the headrest (1) to ascend, meanwhile, due to the traction of the steel wire rope (3-3) on the headrest (1), the two pulleys (3-5) at the upper ends of the two telescopic frames (3-6) deviate from each other to slide in the sliding grooves (3-9), and the sliding blocks (3-6) at the lower ends of -7) also slide away from each other in the sliding tracks (3-8) at the same time, the telescopic frames (3-6) contract and drive the headrest (1) to stably rise until the whole mechanism is hidden to the cockpit/cabin roof.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only used for illustrating the principle of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can modify the above-mentioned structure so that the present invention can be applied to more specific application scenarios without departing from the principle of the present invention.
For example, in an alternative embodiment, the number of reference sensors need not be four, and may be more or less, so long as the noise signature within the cockpit/cabin environment can be reliably tested, without departing from the principles of the present invention, and thus, are within the scope of the present invention.
For example, in another alternative embodiment, the reference sensor does not need to be disposed on the top of the cockpit/cabin, the floor of the cockpit/cabin, and the left and right side walls of the cockpit (both installed near the side wall doors and windows), as long as the noise signal in the cockpit/cabin environment can be reliably tested, without departing from the principle of the present invention, and therefore, the reference sensor will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For example, in an alternative embodiment, the connection between the upper end of the telescopic frame and the cabin roof control box may be a hinged connection instead of one pulley, and the other pulley still moves freely in the sliding groove, as long as the connection can stabilize the telescopic motion of the telescopic frame, without departing from the principle of the present invention, and therefore, the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For example, in another alternative embodiment, the motor may be selected from a common motor and a worm gear reducer, as long as the motor has driving and self-locking functions, without departing from the principle of the present invention, and therefore, the motor is within the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the invention also provides a railway vehicle cockpit, which is the railway vehicle cockpit of any one of the above embodiments and is provided with the active noise reduction system in any one of the above embodiments.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. An underslung active noise reduction headrest for a rail vehicle cockpit/passenger cabin; the lower suspension type active noise reduction back cushion mainly comprises a back cushion (1), an active noise reduction system (2), an electric lifting device (3) and a cabin top control box (4), wherein the control box (4) is positioned above a driver seat/cabin seat and is installed on the cabin top of a cab/cabin of a rail vehicle, the back cushion (1) is connected with the electric lifting device (3) through two side expansion brackets (3-6) to realize suspension, the electric lifting device (3) is arranged in the control box (4) according to the position of the back cushion (1), and the active noise reduction system (2) is symmetrically arranged on the side part of the back cushion (1) close to the position beside an ear;
the left side and the right side of the back cushion (1) are provided with telescopic frame clamping grooves (1-1) for installing telescopic frames (3-6) to realize the up-and-down movement of the back cushion (1); two grooves are formed in the positions, close to the ears, of the side wings of the headrest (1) and used for installing an error sensor (2-2) and a loudspeaker (2-3) in the active noise reduction system (2); in addition, the back of the back cushion (1) is of an arc-shaped structure, so that the riding comfort of a driver or a passenger is improved;
the active noise reduction system (2) comprises four reference sensors, a signal processor (2-1), error sensors (2-2) and speakers (2-3), wherein the four reference sensors are arranged on 1 cockpit/cabin roof, 1 cockpit/cabin floor and 1 of each of the left side and the right side of the cockpit (all installed near a cockpit door window), the error sensors (2-2) and the speakers (2-3) are both arranged in grooves of the side wings of the headrest (1) close to the positions beside ears, and protective covers (1-2) are arranged on the surfaces of the grooves to prevent the error sensors (2-2) and the speakers (2-3) from being damaged; the signal processor (2-1) is arranged in the cabin top control box (4); the four reference sensors in the cockpit/passenger cabin are used for acquiring noise in the cockpit/passenger cabin in real time, the signal processor (2-1) receives noise signals acquired by the reference sensors and processes the signals, the signal processor (2-1) generates anti-phase sound waves for offsetting the noise and controls the loudspeaker (2-3) to emit the anti-phase sound waves for offsetting the noise; the error sensor (2-2) collects noise near the human ear and feeds the noise back to the signal processor (2-1) to correct the inverse sound wave signal in real time, so that noise cancellation is realized.
2. The active noise reduction headrest of claim 1, wherein the electric lifting device (3) comprises a motor (3-1), a steel wire reel (3-2), a steel wire (3-3), a guide wheel (3-4), a pulley (3-5), an expansion bracket (3-6), a slide block (3-7), a slide rail (3-8), a chute (3-9), a motor fixing frame (3-10) and a winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11); the output shaft of the motor (3-1) is connected with the axle of the steel wire rope reel (3-2) through a coupler, and the motor (3-1) drives the steel wire rope reel (3-2) to rotate; two wire grooves are formed in the steel wire rope reel (3-2) and are used for winding the two steel wire ropes (3-3); one end of the steel wire rope (3-3) is fixed in a wire casing of the steel wire rope reel (3-2), and the other end of the steel wire rope (3-3) is guided and connected to a telescopic frame clamping groove (1-1) of the back cushion (1) through a guide wheel (3-4) and bears main traction force in the movement process of the back cushion (1); particularly, the winding directions of the steel wire ropes (3-3) at two sides in the wire grooves of the steel wire rope reel (3-2) are opposite, so that the back cushion (1) connected with the two steel wire ropes (3-3) can move upwards or downwards simultaneously when the steel wire rope reel (3-2) rotates towards one side; in addition, in order to ensure the stability of the headrest (1) when in standing, a motor with a self-locking device is selected, such as a direct current permanent magnetic tape brake motor; the two guide wheels (3-4) are symmetrically arranged in the control box, and the axle axes of the wheel shafts are not superposed with the vertical central line of the sliding grooves (3-9); the sliding chutes (3-9) are respectively positioned at two sides of the cabin top control box (4), each side comprises two sliding chutes (3-9), and the pulleys (3-5) are loaded from the position with the larger cross section of the sliding chutes (3-9) and can freely roll in the sliding chutes (3-9); in particular, the length of each short runner (3-9) should be greater than the 1/2 maximum stretch distance of one set of telescopic frames (3-6) in view of the sliding range of the chain end; in addition, in order to improve the stability of the telescopic frame (3-6) in the movement process, two sections of chains are arranged between the chutes on the two sides of the cabin top control box, one end of each chain is fixed at the central axis of the chute (3-9) on the two sides, and the other end of each chain is fixedly connected with the chain on the uppermost side of the telescopic frame (3-6); the lower ends of the telescopic frames (3-6) extend into the headrest clamping grooves (1-1) and are arranged inside two sides of the headrest (1), two pulleys (3-5) on the two sides are close to or far away from the sliding grooves (3-9) simultaneously, and the vertical position of the headrest (1) is adjusted through the extension or contraction of the telescopic frames (3-6);
in the cabin top control box (4), a motor (3-1) and a motor fixing frame (3-10) are sleeved by bolts, the motor fixing frame (3-10) is fixed on the upper wall of the cabin top control box (4) by bolts, the steel wire rope reel (3-2) is supported on a winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11) through a bearing, and the winding wheel shaft bearing seat (3-11) is fixed on the upper wall of the control box by bolts; the guide wheels (3-4) are arranged on the wheel shaft, and the wheel shaft is fixedly arranged on a wheel shaft bracket welded on the side wall of the control box; the pulleys (3-5) are connected with the upper ends of the telescopic frames (3-6) and can freely roll in the chutes (3-9), so that the telescopic frames (3-6) can extend and contract, and the function of bearing the gravity of the telescopic frames (3-6) and part of the headrest (1) is achieved to a certain extent; in addition, the steel wire ropes (3-3) are matched with the telescopic frames (3-6) to realize stable downward suspension and lifting of the back cushion (1).
3. A rail vehicle cockpit, characterized in that said rail vehicle cockpit comprises a rail vehicle cockpit according to any one of claims 1 and 2 and that said rail vehicle cockpit comprises an active noise reduction system for a rail vehicle cockpit according to any one of claims 1 and 2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110309808.8A CN112885325A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Underslung active noise reduction back cushion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110309808.8A CN112885325A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Underslung active noise reduction back cushion |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN112885325A true CN112885325A (en) | 2021-06-01 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110309808.8A Pending CN112885325A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Underslung active noise reduction back cushion |
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| CN (1) | CN112885325A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113246996A (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2021-08-13 | 中南大学 | Train driver occupational health online monitoring system and method |
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