CN112885203A - Novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia - Google Patents
Novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia Download PDFInfo
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- CN112885203A CN112885203A CN202110223582.XA CN202110223582A CN112885203A CN 112885203 A CN112885203 A CN 112885203A CN 202110223582 A CN202110223582 A CN 202110223582A CN 112885203 A CN112885203 A CN 112885203A
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V7/00—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting
- G01V7/12—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting using pendulums
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Abstract
The invention provides a novel gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia, which comprises a base and a vertical mounting plate, wherein a leveling component is arranged on the base, the vertical mounting plate is clamped on the base, a swinging rod and a photoelectric door are arranged on the front surface of the vertical mounting plate, the swinging rod is rotatably connected with the vertical mounting plate, the photoelectric door is fixedly arranged on the vertical mounting plate and is positioned right below the rotating center of the swinging rod, and a swinging rod pushing component is arranged on the rear surface of the vertical mounting plate. The invention has the following beneficial effects: the device is scientific and reasonable, safe and simple to operate, high in stability and accurate in data; and the operability is strong, the teacher demonstration and the middle school student manual operation are easy, the error is about 1.6% after verification for many times, and the precision of measuring the gravity acceleration is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of physical teaching experimental devices, in particular to a novel gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia.
Background
Gravitational acceleration refers to the acceleration of an object that falls freely under gravity, and is more precisely defined as the acceleration of an object near the ground that falls under the action of the earth's gravity in a vacuum, and is usually expressed by the letter g. The accurate measurement of the g value of the gravitational acceleration has great significance in the fields of metrology, precise physics, gravity mineral exploration, earthquake prediction and the like, so that the measurement of the gravitational acceleration is always a research hotspot which is continuously innovated. The traditional experimental methods include a falling body method for measuring the gravity acceleration, an air cushion guide rail for measuring the gravity acceleration, a pendulum for measuring the gravity acceleration and the like, wherein the pendulum for measuring the gravity acceleration can be divided into a single pendulum method, a compound pendulum method, a Kate pendulum method, a conical pendulum method and the like. In the method, the principle of measuring the acceleration by adopting a free-fall method is simple, but the data processing is complex and the precision is limited; the friction resistance and the air resistance in the method for measuring the gravity acceleration by adopting the air track method have larger influence on the precision of an experimental result; the method for measuring the gravity acceleration has high requirements on experimental operation and environment, high operation difficulty and more sources of experimental data error factors.
In order to overcome the defects of the technology, the invention provides the novel gravitational acceleration measuring device which is simple to operate, scientific in measurement and high in accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a gravity acceleration measuring device is high in operation difficulty, inconvenient to adjust, low in precision and single in measuring method.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
the utility model provides a novel acceleration of gravity measuring device based on inertia, including base and vertical mounting panel, be equipped with the leveling subassembly on the base, vertical mounting panel card is established on the base, vertical mounting panel front surface is equipped with swinging arms and photoelectricity door, the swinging arms rotates with vertical mounting panel to be connected, the photoelectricity door is fixed to be set up on vertical mounting panel and photoelectricity door is located the swinging arms rotation center under, vertical mounting panel rear surface is equipped with swinging arms promotion subassembly, leveling subassembly adjustment base level, swinging arms promotion subassembly promotes the swinging arms and moves to the horizontality from vertical state, the swinging arms rotates along the rotation center, the swinging arms tip passes through photoelectricity door, reach the swinging arms through photoelectricity door time, utilize inertia can reach acceleration of gravity through calculating.
The base includes supporting leg, unable adjustment base and unable adjustment base, supporting leg and unable adjustment base fixed connection, unable adjustment base and unable adjustment base swing joint, vertical mounting panel card are established on the unable adjustment base, and supporting leg and unable adjustment base guarantee measuring device stability, and the unable adjustment base can adjust and make its assurance level, guarantees acceleration of gravity measurement accuracy.
The leveling assembly comprises nine-axis gyroscope sensors and leveling bolts, the nine-axis gyroscope sensors are fixedly arranged on the movable base, the fixed base and the movable base are connected through a plurality of leveling bolts which are uniformly arranged, the nine-axis gyroscope sensors detect coordinate information of the movable base to determine whether the movable base is in a horizontal state or not, and the movable base is leveled through the leveling bolts.
The swinging rod pushing assembly comprises a steering engine and a gear pair, the steering engine is fixed on the rear surface of the vertical mounting plate through a steering engine support, the steering engine is connected with the gear pair, a pushing rod is arranged on the gear pair, the pushing rod penetrates through the vertical mounting plate to extend out of the front surface of the vertical mounting plate, the steering engine is electrified and started to drive the gear pair to rotate, and then the pushing rod pushes the swinging rod to move to a horizontal state.
The gear pair comprises a driving gear and a driven gear, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, the driving gear is arranged on an output shaft of the steering engine, the driven gear is arranged on the rear surface of the vertical mounting plate, and the push rod is fixedly arranged on the driven gear.
Be equipped with catch bar motion on the vertical mounting panel and lead to the groove, the catch bar motion leads to the groove and is the arc, and the catch bar passes catch bar motion and leads to the groove, and catch bar motion leads to the groove and reserves the motion position for the catch bar and avoids appearing interfering.
The utility model discloses a swing rod, including vertical mounting panel, swing rod, electromechanical switch head, swing rod, be equipped with electromechanical switch on the vertical mounting panel rear surface, the electromechanical switch head passes vertical mounting panel and stretches out vertical mounting panel front surface, and electromechanical switch head and swing rod rotation center are on same water flat line, and the electromechanical switch head stretches out vertical mounting panel front surface and supports the swing rod after the swing rod moves to horizontal position to guarantee that the swing rod is in the horizontality.
The front surface of the vertical mounting plate is provided with a bearing mounting groove, a bearing seat is fixedly arranged in the bearing mounting groove, a bearing is arranged in the bearing seat, a bearing inner ring is fixedly connected with the oscillating rod, the oscillating rod is rotatably connected with the vertical mounting plate through the bearing, the friction influence of a revolute pair is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved.
Be equipped with the laser sensor mounting panel on the vertical mounting panel, be equipped with laser sensor on the laser sensor mounting panel, laser sensor detects the swinging arms position, and laser sensor transmission signal makes electromechanical switch closed when the swinging arms motion to highest position, and electromechanical switch head stretches out vertical mounting panel front surface promptly and supports the swinging arms.
The utility model discloses a vertical mounting panel, including vertical mounting panel, display screen mounting groove, display screen, the operator of being convenient for carries out the leveling to the movable base to the coordinate information that the display screen can show the movable base to the swinging arms angular acceleration that the display screen can show to measure to reachs and the acceleration of gravity that records, and it is clear to measure the structural display.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the device is scientific and reasonable, safe and simple to operate, high in stability and accurate in data; the method has strong operability, is easy for teachers to demonstrate and middle school students to operate by hands, has an error of about 1.6 percent after being verified for many times, and greatly improves the precision of measuring the gravity acceleration; the base supports the vertical mounting plate to ensure the stability of the device, the leveling component adjusts the level of the base to improve the measurement accuracy, the oscillating rod pushing component pushes the oscillating rod to move from a vertical state to a horizontal state, the oscillating rod rotates along a rotation center, the time of the oscillating rod passing through the photoelectric door is obtained through the photoelectric door, and the rotational inertia is utilized to obtain the gravity acceleration through calculation; after the swing rod moves to the horizontal position, the head of the electromechanical switch extends out of the front surface of the vertical mounting plate to support the swing rod and ensure that the swing rod is in a horizontal state; the swing rod is rotatably connected with the vertical mounting plate through a bearing, so that the influence of the friction force of a rotating pair is reduced, and the measurement precision is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a novel gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a rear view of the gravitational acceleration measuring device.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the gravitational acceleration measuring device.
Fig. 4 is a bottom view of the gravitational acceleration measuring device.
In the figure: 1-vertical mounting plate, 2-laser sensor mounting plate, 3-laser sensor, 4-swinging rod, 5-electromechanical switch, 6-bearing, 7-bearing seat, 8-push rod, 9-photoelectric door, 10-leveling bolt, 11-fixed base, 12-supporting leg, 13-key, 15-nine-axis gyroscope sensor, 16-movable base, 18-power supply, 20-display screen, 21-steering engine bracket, 22-steering engine, 23-circuit board, 24-driven gear, 25-driving gear, 26-bearing mounting groove, 27-display screen mounting groove, 30-push rod moving through groove, 32-circuit board mounting groove, 34-vertical mounting plate clamping groove, 38-horizontal adjustment mounting hole, 39-key installation groove, 40-nine-axis gyroscope sensor installation groove.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, a novel gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia comprises a base and a vertical mounting plate 1, wherein the base is provided with a leveling component, the base comprises supporting legs 12, a fixed base 11 and a movable base 16, the supporting legs 12 are fixedly connected with the fixed base 11 through bolts, in the embodiment, the supporting legs 12 are made of rubber, the number of the supporting legs 12 is 4, the supporting legs 12 are uniformly distributed around the fixed base 11, the fixed base 11 is movably connected with the movable base 16, the movable base 16 is provided with a vertical mounting plate clamping groove 34, the vertical mounting plate 1 is clamped in the vertical mounting plate clamping groove 34, the width of the vertical mounting plate clamping groove 34 is consistent with the thickness of the vertical mounting plate 1, the inner side of the vertical mounting plate clamping groove 34 is completely attached to the front and back of the vertical mounting plate 1, the stability of the vertical mounting plate 1 is ensured, and the vertical mounting plate 1, the front surface of the vertical mounting plate 1 is provided with a swinging rod 4 and a photoelectric door 9, the front surface of the vertical mounting plate 1 is provided with a bearing mounting groove 26, a bearing seat 7 is fixedly arranged in the bearing mounting groove 26, a bearing 6 is arranged in the bearing seat 7, the inner ring of the bearing 6 is fixedly connected with the swinging rod 4, the swinging rod 4 can rotate around the center of the bearing 6, in the embodiment, the swinging rod 4 is made of homogeneous metal material, and swinging arms 4 and bearing 6 inner circle pass through welded connection, and photoelectricity door 9 passes through bolt fastening and sets up on vertical mounting panel 1 and photoelectricity door 9 is located swinging arms 4 rotation center under, and swinging arms 4 passes through photoelectricity door 9 when rotating to vertical state, and 1 rear surface of vertical mounting panel is equipped with the swinging arms and promotes the subassembly, and the swinging arms promotes the subassembly and passes vertical mounting panel 1 and stretch out the front surface of vertical mounting panel 1, and the swinging arms promotes the motion of swinging arms to horizontal position.
Further, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the leveling assembly includes nine-axis gyro sensors 15 and leveling bolts 10, nine-axis gyro sensor mounting grooves 40 are formed in the movable base 16, the nine-axis gyro sensors 15 are fixedly disposed in the nine-axis gyro sensor mounting grooves 40, the nine-axis gyro sensors 15 can sense x, y, and z coordinate axis information of the movable base 16 and transmit the information to the display screen 20, the fixed base 11 and the movable base 16 are connected by a plurality of leveling bolts 10 uniformly arranged, in this embodiment, the number of the leveling bolts 10 is 4, and the leveling bolts are uniformly arranged around the movable base 16, horizontal adjustment mounting holes 38 are formed in the movable base 16, the leveling bolts 10 pass through the horizontal adjustment mounting holes 38, and the levelness of the movable base 16 can be adjusted by the leveling bolts 10, so that the gravity acceleration measurement accuracy is improved.
Further, be equipped with electromechanical switch 5 on the vertical mounting panel 1 rear surface, when electromechanical switch 5 closed, 5 heads of electromechanical switch pass vertical mounting panel 1 and stretch out 1 front surfaces of vertical mounting panel, and 5 heads of electromechanical switch and 4 rotation centers of swinging arms are on same water flat line, be equipped with laser sensor mounting panel 2 on the vertical mounting panel 1, be equipped with laser sensor 3 on the laser sensor mounting panel 2, detect 4 motion positions of swinging arms when laser sensor 3, when 4 motion to the horizontality of swinging arms, laser sensor 3 transmission signal and control electromechanical switch 5 closed, 5 heads of electromechanical switch stretch out the front surface of vertical mounting panel 1 and support swinging arms 4.
Further, a display screen mounting groove 27 is formed in the front surface of the vertical mounting plate 1, a display screen 20 is fixedly arranged in the display screen mounting groove 27, the display screen 20 can display coordinate information of the movable base 16, an operator can conveniently level the movable base 16, and the display screen 20 can display the measured angular acceleration and the measured gravitational acceleration of the swing rod 4; be equipped with button mounting groove 39 on unable adjustment base 11, be equipped with button 13 in the button mounting groove 39, be equipped with the key that rises on the button 13, switch the key, decline key and reset key, button 13 controls measuring device, vertical mounting panel 1 rear surface is equipped with circuit board mounting groove 32, circuit board mounting groove 32 internal fixation is equipped with circuit board 23, circuit board 23 handles measured data and transmits to display screen 20 and shows, be equipped with power 18 on the movable base 16, power 18 supplies power to measuring device. The other structure is the same as embodiment 1.
The working principle is as follows: when the device is used, the measuring device is placed on a horizontal desktop, the circuit board 23 is connected with the power supply 18, the display screen 20 is used for observing x, y and z axis coordinate information of the movable base 16, which is acquired by the nine-axis gyroscope sensor 15 of the base, so as to determine whether the movable base 16 is in a horizontal state, and if the movable base 16 is not in the horizontal state, the movable base 16 is adjusted to the horizontal state by adjusting the screwing degree of the leveling bolt 10. The experiment is started, the ascending key of the key 13 is pressed, the steering engine 22 controls the driving gear 25 to rotate so as to drive the driven gear 24 to rotate so as to further realize that the push rod 8 pushes the oscillating rod 4 to be in a horizontal state from a vertical state, when the laser sensor 3 on the front surface of the vertical mounting plate 1 detects that the oscillating rod 4 is horizontal, the laser sensor 3 sends a signal to the circuit board 23, the circuit board 23 processes the signal and closes the electromechanical switch 5 to enable the head of the electromechanical switch 5 to extend out of the front surface of the vertical mounting plate 1 to support the oscillating rod 4, the oscillating rod 4 is in the horizontal state, and the steering engine 22 is controlled to swing back to reset the push rod 8. Pressing the switch key of the switch key 13 switches the x, y, z information of the display screen 20 to the measurement state. The descending key of the key 13 is pressed, the electromechanical switch 5 is opened, the head of the electromechanical switch 5 is retracted, the long end of the oscillating rod 4 freely swings, the light shading time of the oscillating rod 4 when the oscillating rod 4 passes through the photoelectric door 9 for the first time is recorded by the photoelectric door 9, and the angular acceleration and the measured gravitational acceleration of the long end of the oscillating rod 4 in the vertical direction are displayed on the display screen 20 after being processed by the circuit board 23. The data measured in the experiment is recorded, then the reset key of the key 13 is pressed, the measured data is cleared, and the experiment steps are repeated.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on inertia, a serial communication port, including base and vertical mounting panel (1), be equipped with the leveling subassembly on the base, vertical mounting panel (1) card is established on the base, vertical mounting panel (1) front surface is equipped with swinging arms (4) and photoelectric door (9), swinging arms (4) are rotated with vertical mounting panel (1) and are connected, photoelectric door (9) are fixed to be set up on vertical mounting panel (1) and photoelectric door (9) are located swinging arms (4) rotation center under, vertical mounting panel (1) rear surface is equipped with the swinging arms and promotes the subassembly.
2. The novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia of claim 1, wherein the base comprises support legs (12), a fixed base (11) and a movable base (16), the support legs (12) are fixedly connected with the fixed base (11), the fixed base (11) is movably connected with the movable base (16), and the vertical mounting plate (1) is clamped on the movable base (16).
3. The novel gravitational acceleration measurement device based on rotational inertia of claim 2, wherein the leveling component comprises nine-axis gyroscope sensors (15) and leveling bolts (10), the nine-axis gyroscope sensors (15) are fixedly arranged on the movable base (16), and the fixed base (11) and the movable base (16) are connected through a plurality of leveling bolts (10) which are uniformly arranged.
4. The novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia of claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the oscillating rod pushing assembly comprises a steering engine (22) and a gear pair, the steering engine (22) is fixed on the rear surface of the vertical mounting plate (1) through a steering engine support (21), the steering engine (22) is connected with the gear pair, a push rod (8) is arranged on the gear pair, and the push rod (8) penetrates through the vertical mounting plate (1) and extends out of the front surface of the vertical mounting plate (1).
5. The novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on rotary inertia of claim 4, wherein the gear pair comprises a driving gear (25) and a driven gear (24), the driving gear (25) is engaged with the driven gear (24), the driving gear (25) is arranged on an output shaft of the steering engine (22), the driven gear (24) is arranged on the rear surface of the vertical mounting plate (1), and the push rod (8) is fixedly arranged on the driven gear (24).
6. The novel gravitational acceleration measurement device based on rotational inertia of claim 4, wherein the vertical mounting plate (1) is provided with a push rod movement through groove (30), the push rod movement through groove (30) is arc-shaped, and the push rod (8) passes through the push rod movement through groove (30).
7. The novel gravitational acceleration measurement device based on rotational inertia of claim 1, 5 or 6, wherein the vertical mounting plate (1) is provided with an electromechanical switch (5) on the rear surface, the head of the electromechanical switch (5) passes through the vertical mounting plate (1) and extends out of the front surface of the vertical mounting plate (1), and the head of the electromechanical switch (5) and the rotation center of the swinging rod (4) are on the same horizontal line.
8. The novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia of claim 7, wherein the vertical mounting plate (1) is provided with a bearing mounting groove (26) on the front surface, a bearing seat (7) is fixedly arranged in the bearing mounting groove (26), a bearing (6) is arranged in the bearing seat (7), and the inner ring of the bearing (6) is fixedly connected with the oscillating rod (4).
9. The novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on moment of inertia of claim 8, characterized in that laser sensor mounting plate (2) is provided on vertical mounting plate (1), and laser sensor (3) is provided on laser sensor mounting plate (2).
10. The novel gravitational acceleration measurement device based on rotational inertia of claim 8 or 9, wherein the vertical mounting plate (1) is provided with a display screen mounting groove (27) on the front surface, and the display screen (20) is fixedly arranged in the display screen mounting groove (27).
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| CN202110223582.XA CN112885203B (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-01 | Gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia |
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| CN202110223582.XA CN112885203B (en) | 2021-03-01 | 2021-03-01 | Gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia |
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| CN112885203B CN112885203B (en) | 2022-04-22 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113739681A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-03 | 广州华磊建筑基础工程有限公司 | Deformation detection device for soil slope |
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