CN111739389A - Multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device - Google Patents
Multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111739389A CN111739389A CN202010673872.XA CN202010673872A CN111739389A CN 111739389 A CN111739389 A CN 111739389A CN 202010673872 A CN202010673872 A CN 202010673872A CN 111739389 A CN111739389 A CN 111739389A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- swing
- pendulum
- ball
- ruler
- scale
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
- Mathematical Analysis (AREA)
- Mathematical Optimization (AREA)
- Algebra (AREA)
- Pure & Applied Mathematics (AREA)
- Educational Administration (AREA)
- Computational Mathematics (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Educational Technology (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device. The existing equipment has single experiment project and poor experiment effect. The earth rotation measuring device comprises a support mechanism, a gravity acceleration measuring mechanism, an earth rotation measuring mechanism and a timer, wherein a support rod comprises a fixed rod and a telescopic rod, the gravity acceleration measuring mechanism is connected with the fixed rod, and the earth rotation measuring mechanism is connected with the telescopic rod. The gravity acceleration measuring mechanism comprises a straight scale, a swing ball assembly, a swing ball control assembly and a counting assembly, wherein the swing ball control assembly can move along the straight scale, accurately position a swing ball and read the swing length and the swing amplitude. The counting assembly comprises a photoelectric sensor and a counter. The earth rotation measuring mechanism comprises a swinging rope control frame, a pendulum bob, a swinging rope, a laser and sensitive paper. The invention increases experimental items, simplifies the measurement operation, saves the measurement time and improves the measurement precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of experimental equipment, and relates to a multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device which can realize measurement of gravitational acceleration, research of the relationship between pendulum length and period, verification of the relationship between period and pendulum ball mass and measurement of earth autobiography.
Background
The experiment for measuring the gravity acceleration by using the simple pendulum is one of the classic experiments in the college physical experiment, and the experiment utilizes the formula by measuring the vibration period T and the pendulum length l
The gravitational acceleration is measured. The traditional experimental device for measuring the gravity acceleration by using the simple pendulum is not provided with a pendulum length measuring component, the measurement of the pendulum length needs two steps, firstly, a centimeter ruler is used for measuring the rope length, and a vernier caliper is used for measuring the radius of a pendulum ball. Because the other end of the cycloid is provided with the fixed frame and is connected with the small ball, certain difficulty is brought to accurate measurement of pendulum length, the measurement accuracy is insufficient, and the operation error is large. One of the key links of the experiment is to control the swing angle to be less than 5 degrees, and the existing experimental device is to straighten the cycloid and compare the swing angle. Due to the limitation of size, the curvature radius of the swing scale of the existing experimental device is usually 50cm, so if a user wants to observe the simple pendulum motion with the pendulum length less than 50cm, the swing angle cannot be accurately controlled. In the experiment, various pendulum lengths need to be measured, and the current equipment is difficult to realize accurate measurement of the pendulum length smaller than 50 cm. In addition, the existing experimental device manually releases the small ball, so that a conical pendulum is very easy to generate in the experimental process, and the operation error is brought to the measurement result. On the other hand, the verification of the earth rotation and the measurement of the earth rotation speed by using the simple pendulum experiment are one of ten classic experiments in physics, but the conventional simple pendulum experiment device cannot reproduce the classic contents.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device aiming at the defects of the prior art.
The invention comprises a bracket mechanism, a gravity acceleration measuring mechanism, an earth rotation measuring mechanism and a timer.
The support mechanism comprises a base and a support rod vertically arranged on the base. The supporting rod comprises a fixing rod and a telescopic rod, one end of the fixing rod is fixedly installed on the base, and the telescopic rod part is arranged in the fixing rod, the length of the supporting rod is changed through up-down stretching, and the supporting rod is locked through a telescopic locking screw.
The gravity acceleration measuring mechanism comprises a straight scale, a swing ball component, a swing ball control component and a counting component.
One end of the straight ruler is arranged at a position above the middle part of the fixed rod, and the straight ruler can deflect on a plane vertical to the top surface of the base by taking the mounting point as a circle center; the circular-arc-shaped swing scale is arranged below the middle part of the fixed rod; the plane of the straight scale is parallel to the plane of the swing scale.
The pendulum ball assembly comprises a pendulum control frame, a pendulum ball and a cycloid. The cycloid control frame is arranged above the middle of the fixed rod, one end of a cycloid is fixedly connected with the cycloid ball, the other end of the cycloid is arranged on the cycloid control frame, and the length of the cycloid is adjusted through the knob. When the pendulum ball swings, a connecting line of the fixed point of the cycloid and the mounting point of the ruler is vertical to the plane of the ruler and parallel to the plane of the top surface of the base.
The swing ball control assembly comprises a moving seat, an adjusting seat and a swing ball control piece. The movable seat is movably arranged on the ruler, can move linearly along the ruler and is locked by screws. The adjusting seat is arranged on the moving seat, the swing ball control piece is arranged on the adjusting seat, and the moving directions of the moving seat, the adjusting seat and the swing ball control piece are mutually vertical; the head of the swing ball control piece is provided with an electromagnet.
The counting assembly comprises a photoelectric sensor and a counter.
The earth rotation measuring mechanism comprises a swinging rope control frame, a pendulum bob, a swinging rope, a laser and sensitive paper. The rope swinging control frame is arranged above the middle part of the telescopic rod, one end of the swinging rope is arranged on the rope swinging control frame, and the length of the swinging rope is adjusted through the knob. The pendulum bob is conical, a laser is arranged in the pendulum bob, emitted light of the laser is emitted out from an opening at the top of the pendulum bob cone, and the bottom of the pendulum bob cone is connected with the other end of the swinging rope. The photosensitive paper is laid on the base.
Further, the movable seat be the vernier, the movable seat lower part is equipped with the vernier scale, the movable seat forms the slide caliper structure with the ruler, through the vernier scale measurement pendulum length, can more accurate measurement pendulum length.
Further, the base is horizontally arranged, and the upper surface of the base is adjusted to be horizontal through a horizontal adjusting screw below the base.
Furthermore, the scale of the ruler is more than or equal to 50 cm.
Furthermore, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the swing scale; the arc-shaped groove is provided with a locking block, and the middle or lower end scale of the straight scale corresponds to the arc-shaped groove of the swing scale.
Furthermore, a central line is carved on the pendulum ball, so that the pendulum length is convenient to position and visually observe.
In the power-on state, the metal pendulum ball is adsorbed on the head of the pendulum ball control piece, and the movable seat is adjusted to straighten the cycloid curve; adjusting the adjusting seat to enable the cycloid to be parallel to the plane of the ruler; adjusting the swing ball control piece to enable the center of the swing ball to be aligned to the edge of the ruler, and reading out the swing length through the center line of the swing ball; after the power is cut off, the pendulum ball naturally begins to swing.
The electromagnet is adopted to control the pendulum ball to release, and the pendulum ball is ensured to swing along the same plane through the pendulum ball control assembly, so that the phenomenon of conical swing is avoided; meanwhile, the pendulum length and the swing amplitude can be conveniently read, the pendulum length can be adjusted at will, and the experimental effect is enhanced. The invention can also complete the experiment of the earth rotation measurement, and increases the experimental items. The invention simplifies the measurement operation, saves the measurement time and improves the measurement precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The multifunctional simple pendulum experiment device comprises a support mechanism, a gravity acceleration measuring mechanism, an earth rotation measuring mechanism and a timer.
As shown in fig. 1, the support mechanism includes a base 1 and a support rod 2 vertically disposed on the base. The base 1 is horizontally arranged, and the upper surface of the base is adjusted to be horizontal through a horizontal adjusting screw 1-1 below. The supporting rod 2 is of a two-section telescopic structure and comprises a fixed rod 2-1 and a telescopic rod 2-2, one end of the fixed rod 2-1 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, and the telescopic rod 2-2 is partially arranged in the fixed rod 2-1, the length of the supporting rod 2 is changed through up-down telescopic movement, and the supporting rod is locked through a telescopic locking screw 2-3.
The gravity acceleration measuring mechanism comprises a straight scale 3, a swing scale 4, a swing ball component, a swing ball control component and a counting component.
One end of the straight scale 3 is arranged at a position above the middle part of the fixed rod 2-1, and the straight scale 3 can deflect on a plane vertical to the top surface of the base 1 by taking the mounting point as a circle center and is locked by a screw; the scale of the straight ruler 3 is more than or equal to 50 cm.
The circular arc-shaped swing scale 4 is arranged at the position below the middle part, an arc-shaped groove 4-1 is formed in the swing scale 4, and a locking block 4-2 is arranged on the arc-shaped groove 4-1.
The plane of the straight ruler 3 is parallel to the plane of the swing scale 4, and the scales at the lower end of the straight ruler 3 correspond to the positions of the arc grooves 4-1 of the swing scale.
The pendulum ball assembly comprises a pendulum control frame 5, a pendulum ball 6 and a pendulum 7. The cycloid control frame 5 is arranged above the middle of the fixed rod 2-1, one end of the cycloid 7 is fixedly connected with the cycloid ball 6, the other end of the cycloid 7 is arranged on the cycloid control frame 5, and the length of the cycloid 7 is adjusted through a knob. The pendulum ball 6 is carved with a central line. When the pendulum ball swings, the connecting line of the fixed point of the cycloid 7 and the mounting point of the straight ruler 3 is vertical to the plane of the straight ruler 3 and parallel to the plane of the top surface of the base 1.
The swing ball control assembly comprises a moving seat 8, an adjusting seat 9 and a swing ball control member 10. The movable seat 8 is movably arranged on the ruler 3, can move linearly along the ruler, is parallel to the plane of the ruler in the moving direction and is locked by screws. The adjusting seat 9 is arranged on the movable seat 8, can move along the direction vertical to the plane of the ruler and is locked by screws. The pendulum ball control member 10 is arranged on the adjusting seat 9, and the linear moving direction of the pendulum ball control member is vertical to the moving direction of the moving seat 8 and the moving direction of the adjusting seat 9. The head of the swing ball control piece 10 is provided with an electromagnet: in the power-on state, the metal pendulum ball is adsorbed on the head of the pendulum ball control element 10, and the movable seat 8 is adjusted to straighten the cycloid curve; adjusting the adjusting seat 9 to enable the cycloid to be parallel to the plane of the ruler; adjusting the swing ball control part 10 to enable the center of the swing ball to be aligned with the edge of the ruler, and reading the swing length through the center line of the swing ball; after the power is cut off, the pendulum ball naturally begins to swing. The movable seat can also be designed into a vernier, a vernier scale is arranged on the lower portion of the movable seat, the movable seat and the ruler form a vernier caliper structure, and the pendulum length can be measured more accurately by measuring the pendulum length through the vernier scale.
The counting assembly (not shown) includes a photosensor and a counter. The photoelectric sensor is arranged at the center of the swing, and can sense each time the swing ball or the cycloid passes through, and send a signal to the counter for counting, belonging to the mature prior art.
In the experiment, the ruler 3 deflects by less than 5 degrees, the adjusting seat 9 and the pendulum ball control part 10 are adjusted to enable the cycloid to be straightened and to be parallel to the plane of the ruler, and after the electromagnet is powered off, the pendulum ball naturally begins to swing and starts to time. When the pendulum length needs to be changed and the pendulum length needs to be measured again, the movable seat 8 is firstly adjusted to the designated position, and the operation is repeated. The length of the pendulum can be adjusted freely within the range of the ruler.
As shown in fig. 2, the mechanism for measuring the autorotation of the earth comprises a swinging rope control frame 11, a pendulum bob 12, a swinging rope 13, a laser 14 and photosensitive paper 15.
The swing rope control frame 11 is arranged above the middle part of the telescopic rod 2-2, and one end of the swing rope 13 is arranged on the swing rope control frame 11. Pendulum 12 is the toper, embeds laser 14, and laser 14 transmission light is penetrated through the opening at pendulum 12 conical top, and pendulum 12 conical bottom is connected with the other end of balance rope 13. The photosensitive paper 15 is laid flat on the base 1.
The measurement of the earth rotation has no strict requirements on the pendulum length and the swing amplitude, and the height of the supporting rod 2 is properly increased to prolong the pendulum length and increase the swing amplitude in consideration of air resistance and power loss. The earth rotates one circle for 24 hours, that is, the 24-hour laser 14 draws a circular swing path on the photosensitive paper 15. Usually, a timer is used for recording for 15-60 minutes, two fan-shaped patterns with the angle of 3.75-15 degrees, namely the swinging path of the pendulum bob, are formed on the photosensitive paper 15, and the earth rotation time can be measured and calculated clearly.
Claims (7)
1. The multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device comprises a bracket mechanism, a gravity acceleration measuring mechanism, an earth rotation measuring mechanism and a timer; the method is characterized in that:
the support mechanism comprises a base (1) and a support rod (2) vertically arranged on the base; the supporting rod (2) comprises a fixed rod (2-1) and a telescopic rod (2-2), one end of the fixed rod (2-1) is fixedly arranged on the base (1), the telescopic rod (2-2) is partially arranged in the fixed rod (2-1), the length of the supporting rod (2) is changed through up-down extension, and the supporting rod is locked through an extension locking screw (2-3);
the gravity acceleration measuring mechanism comprises a straight ruler (3), a swing scale (4), a swing ball component, a swing ball control component and a counting component;
one end of the straight ruler (3) is arranged above the middle part of the fixed rod (2-1), and the straight ruler (3) can deflect on a plane vertical to the top surface of the base (1) by taking the mounting point as a circle center; the arc-shaped swing scale (4) is arranged below the middle part of the fixed rod (2-1); the plane of the straight ruler (3) is parallel to the plane of the swing scale (4);
the pendulum ball component comprises a pendulum ball control frame (5), a pendulum ball (6) and a pendulum line (7); the cycloid control frame (5) is arranged above the middle part of the fixed rod (2-1), one end of a cycloid (7) is fixedly connected with the pendulum ball (6), the other end of the cycloid is arranged on the cycloid control frame (5), and the length of the cycloid (7) is adjusted through a knob; when the pendulum ball swings, a connecting line of the fixed point of the cycloid (7) and the mounting point of the ruler (3) is vertical to the plane of the ruler (3) and parallel to the plane of the top surface of the base (1);
the swing ball control assembly comprises a moving seat (8), an adjusting seat (9) and a swing ball control piece (10); the movable seat (8) is movably arranged on the ruler (3), can linearly move along the ruler and is locked by screws; the adjusting seat (9) is arranged on the moving seat (8), the swing ball control piece (10) is arranged on the adjusting seat (9), and the moving directions of the moving seat (8), the adjusting seat (9) and the swing ball control piece (10) are mutually vertical; the head of the swing ball control piece (10) is provided with an electromagnet;
the counting assembly comprises a photoelectric sensor and a counter;
the earth rotation measuring mechanism comprises a swinging rope control frame (11), a pendulum bob (12), a swinging rope (13), a laser (14) and sensitive paper (15); the swing rope control frame (11) is arranged above the middle part of the telescopic rod (2-2), one end of the swing rope (13) is arranged on the swing rope control frame (11), and the length of the swing rope (13) is adjusted through a knob; the pendulum bob (12) is conical, a laser (14) is arranged in the pendulum bob, the light emitted by the laser (14) is emitted from an opening at the conical top of the pendulum bob (12), and the conical bottom of the pendulum bob (12) is connected with the other end of the swinging rope (13); the photosensitive paper (15) is flatly laid on the base (1).
2. The multifunctional simple pendulum experimental facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the movable seat (8) is a vernier, a vernier scale is arranged on the lower portion of the movable seat (8), and the length of the pendulum is measured through the vernier scale.
3. The multifunctional simple pendulum experimental facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the base (1) is horizontally arranged, and the upper surface of the base is adjusted to be horizontal through a horizontal adjusting screw (1-1) below.
4. The multifunctional simple pendulum experimental facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the scale of the ruler (3) is more than or equal to 50 cm.
5. The multifunctional simple pendulum experimental facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: an arc-shaped groove (4-1) is formed on the swing scale (4); the arc-shaped groove (4-1) is provided with a locking block (4-2), and the scale at the middle part or the lower end of the straight scale (3) corresponds to the arc-shaped groove (4-1) of the swing scale.
6. The multifunctional simple pendulum experimental facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the pendulum ball (6) is carved with a central line.
7. The multifunctional simple pendulum experimental facility as claimed in claim 6, wherein: in the power-on state, the metal pendulum ball is adsorbed on the head of the pendulum ball control piece (10), and the movable seat (8) is adjusted to straighten the cycloid curve; adjusting the adjusting seat (9) to enable the cycloid to be parallel to the plane of the ruler; adjusting a swing ball control piece (10) to enable the center of the swing ball to be aligned to the edge of the ruler, and reading out the swing length through the center line of the swing ball; after the power is cut off, the pendulum ball naturally begins to swing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010673872.XA CN111739389A (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010673872.XA CN111739389A (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111739389A true CN111739389A (en) | 2020-10-02 |
Family
ID=72654513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010673872.XA Pending CN111739389A (en) | 2020-07-14 | 2020-07-14 | Multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111739389A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112885203A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-01 | 河南大学 | Novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia |
| CN113240980A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-08-10 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Gravity acceleration measuring device and measuring method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-07-14 CN CN202010673872.XA patent/CN111739389A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112885203A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-06-01 | 河南大学 | Novel gravitational acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia |
| CN112885203B (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-04-22 | 河南大学 | Gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia |
| CN113240980A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-08-10 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Gravity acceleration measuring device and measuring method thereof |
| CN113240980B (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2023-05-30 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Gravity acceleration measuring device and measuring method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111739389A (en) | Multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device | |
| CN201126660Y (en) | Experimental device for researching lange-angle, non-linear motion characteristics of simple pendulum/physical pendulum | |
| CN212256674U (en) | Multifunctional simple pendulum experimental device | |
| CN103400522B (en) | Quiet dynamic and right cylinder rolling friction force coefficient experiment instrument is measured on high precision fine tuning inclined-plane | |
| CN209541856U (en) | A kind of hydraulic engineering level measurement device | |
| CN114183661A (en) | Horizontal adjusting mechanism for surveying and mapping visual angle for land surveying and mapping | |
| CN208398772U (en) | A kind of diamond saw blade measurer for thickness | |
| CN209102066U (en) | A kind of Building decorating and repairs engineering wall level measurement device | |
| CN112885203B (en) | Gravity acceleration measuring device based on rotational inertia | |
| CN207752673U (en) | The improvement of pendulum experimental instrument | |
| CN108088415B (en) | Holding-free leveling rod | |
| CN114076249B (en) | Multi-pose all-terrain geographic information mapping instrument | |
| CN204963730U (en) | Section of track discrepancy in elevation measuring device | |
| CN202994148U (en) | Desk type horizontal pendulum clinometer device | |
| CN113064200A (en) | Single-pendulum electromagnetic attraction seismic source firing device for indoor test and using method | |
| CN113701708A (en) | Building is managed and is used auxiliary device | |
| CN111609843B (en) | Geomantic omen compass extension frame | |
| CN203203753U (en) | Rotation inertia determinator | |
| CN203480733U (en) | Horizontal modulus measurement demonstration instrument | |
| CN105135982A (en) | Track panel height difference measuring device | |
| CN203376907U (en) | High-precision fine-tuning inclined plane experimental instrument for measuring static, dynamic and cylinder rolling friction coefficients | |
| CN220121364U (en) | Variable gravity acceleration pendulum experiment instrument | |
| CN211479452U (en) | Multifunctional energy conservation comprehensive experiment instrument | |
| CN205228314U (en) | A percentage table for improving measurement accuracy | |
| CN207663629U (en) | A kind of centripetal force demonstrator |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20220119 Address after: 310000 buildings 1 and 2, No. 3, No. 11, Dongzhou industrial functional zone, Dongzhou street, Fuyang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: HANGZHOU DAHUA APPARATUS MANUFACTURE CO.,LTD. Address before: 2318 yuhangtang Road, Cangqian street, Yuhang District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province Applicant before: Hangzhou Normal University |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |