CN112885061B - Method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on electric meter - Google Patents
Method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on electric meter Download PDFInfo
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- CN112885061B CN112885061B CN202110089158.0A CN202110089158A CN112885061B CN 112885061 B CN112885061 B CN 112885061B CN 202110089158 A CN202110089158 A CN 202110089158A CN 112885061 B CN112885061 B CN 112885061B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C15/00—Arrangements characterised by the use of multiplexing for the transmission of a plurality of signals over a common path
- G08C15/06—Arrangements characterised by the use of multiplexing for the transmission of a plurality of signals over a common path successively, i.e. using time division
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C23/00—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems
- G08C23/04—Non-electrical signal transmission systems, e.g. optical systems using light waves, e.g. infrared
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/04—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks
- H04L63/0428—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for providing a confidential data exchange among entities communicating through data packet networks wherein the data content is protected, e.g. by encrypting or encapsulating the payload
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on an electric meter, wherein a plurality of devices are hung below the electric meter, and communication units of the devices adopt a BPL (broadband wireless local area network) carrier module, a 485 communication module, a PLC (programmable logic controller) carrier communication module, a GPRS (general packet radio service) communication module or an RF (radio frequency) communication module; the external infrared communication equipment sends a serial port request frame of the communication module to a communication object through an ammeter; after receiving the pulse signal, the communication object carries out task arrangement according to the current process, and if the communication object is busy at present, the communication object continues to execute the current task until the communication object is idle; and after the communication object processes the data received from the electric meter end, ending the idle state and executing other tasks. According to the electric energy meter multi-device time-sharing communication, the problems of communication conflict between the electric energy meter hanging-down devices and the like are solved, and the efficiency of solving the problems on site and the reliability of communication data are improved; the electronic product with the communication serial ports can be used for all electronic products with the communication serial ports, the product development difficulty is reduced, and the product later maintenance is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent electric meters, in particular to a communication method for a plurality of serial port electric meters, which is suitable for processing emergency situations of an intelligent electric meter installation field, and comprises the steps of upgrading an electric meter, upgrading a module, upgrading a concentrator, reading data of the concentrator and the like.
Background
Electronic electric energy meters are used as meters for charging electricity in most countries all over the world. Various complex abnormal conditions can appear in the field use process of the electric energy meter, and a solution which is simple to operate, low in operation and maintenance cost and capable of being widely applied is urgently needed. It is clearly most appropriate to address the various emergencies with local communications.
At present, the smart meter is generally used in combination with a concentrator, dozens of electric energy meters are hung under one concentrator, and a plurality of devices are hung under one electric meter, so that the maintenance work efficiency and the normal power utilization of a user are influenced in case of a problem caused by the fact that the site needs to be frequently checked back and forth, and the data safety and reliability of the electric energy meters are difficult to guarantee.
The communication frequency of an external carrier module, a lower hanging device and a base meter of the traditional electric energy meter is high, and situations of incapability of communication, communication interruption and the like often occur when infrared communication equipment is used on site to communicate with other serial ports; the field communication device is used for logging other down-hanging devices, and the other devices are in communication or are in a task, so that the communication connection cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-serial-port time-sharing communication method with high transportability applied to an electric energy meter, aiming at the problems of complex field environment and complicated reading and upgrading steps of a carrier module, a concentrator and an off-hook device.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on an ammeter, wherein a plurality of devices are hung below the ammeter, and communication units of the devices adopt a BPL carrier module, a 485 communication module, a PLC carrier communication module, a GPRS communication module or an RF communication module; the communication method comprises the following steps:
s1, external infrared communication equipment sends a serial port request frame of a communication module to an ammeter, the data frame carries a communication object and communication contents, and the communication object is any one of ammeter down-hanging equipment; after receiving the serial port request frame of the communication module, the electric meter MCU sends 5 pulse square waves with the pulse width of 1mS to a communication object through a hardware pin, and after the sending is finished, the external infrared communication equipment closes communication;
s2, after receiving the pulse signal, the communication object carries out task arrangement according to the current process, and if the communication object is busy at present, the communication object continues to execute the current task until the communication object is idle;
if the current communication object is idle, the communication object sends a command to the ammeter to read a communication frame, and the MCU encrypts a data frame received from the external infrared communication equipment and sends the data frame to a corresponding communication object hung below the ammeter;
after the communication object receives the first frame of data, whether the subsequent data frames need to be continuously received or not is analyzed, if not, the data frames are read under the R1 permission, namely, the ammeter end is connected with the serial port at the interface of the communication object during communication; if needed, after receiving a pulse signal of 5mS next time, reading a communication frame with an R3 permission, namely, continuously reading a serial port at an interface between an ammeter end and the communication object, connecting the ammeter end to maintain an output state, maintaining an input state of the serial port of the communication object, and directly encrypting data sent by external infrared communication equipment by the ammeter and then sending the encrypted data to the serial port of the communication object;
s3, the communication object decrypts after receiving the data, compares whether the data is tampered, if the data is abnormal, the communication object is abandoned, and if the data is not abnormal, the communication object continues to use the communication object; abnormal operation on the electric energy meter data or the concentrator data is prevented;
and S5, after the communication object processes the data received from the electric meter end, ending the idle state and executing other tasks.
Further, the communication data in the steps S1 and S2 are encrypted by BCC in the encryption algorithm ISO/IEC 1745 standard, the electric energy meter sends the encrypted data to the corresponding communication object after receiving the request sent by the external infrared communication device, and the communication object decrypts the data according to the BCC algorithm to determine whether the data communication process is tampered.
Further, in step S3, after receiving the data sent by the external infrared communication device, the communication object can select single-frame data reception or multi-frame data continuous reception, where:
the method comprises the following steps that single-frame data receiving, namely R1 permission, is carried out, an ammeter is required to send a pulse signal to a communication object after receiving data sent by external infrared communication equipment every time, and the communication object can process communication tasks with the ammeter or other equipment during the period when the communication object obtains the data;
the multi-frame data continuous receiving is R3 permission, the communication object can be in an idle waiting state, and the electric meter encrypts data acquired from the data sent by the external infrared communication equipment and then continuously sends the encrypted data to the communication object.
Furthermore, the standard IEC62056-21 mode C is adopted for communication in the steps, the infrared communication equipment, the electric meter and the carrier module judge whether the data are tampered according to the BCC encryption algorithm in the communication process, and the communicated serial port communicates with the electric meter to receive the data again.
Further, in the step S1, communication among a plurality of devices hung under the electricity meter, that is, among the BPL carrier module, the 485 communication module, the PLC carrier communication module, the GPRS communication module, and the RF communication module, is performed according to the method of one of claims 1 to 4 between the added communication devices hung under the electricity meter.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the electric energy meter multi-device time-sharing communication, the problems of communication conflict between the electric energy meter hanging-down devices and the like are solved, and the efficiency of solving the problems on site and the reliability of communication data are improved; the electronic product with the communication serial ports can be used for all electronic products with the communication serial ports, the product development difficulty is reduced, and the product later maintenance is facilitated.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts throughout.
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a communication timing diagram of the present invention (taking an infrared serial port and a BPL module of a typical device as an example).
Fig. 3 is an encryption diagram of the communication initiating terminal of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of encryption of a communication receiving end of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of a serial communication scheme of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
A method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on an electric meter comprises the following steps: taking communication modules of the lower hanging equipment of the typical electric energy meter as a BPL carrier module and 485 equipment as examples:
s1, external infrared communication equipment sends a serial port request frame of a communication module to an ammeter, the data frame carries a communication object and communication content, if the communication object is a BPL carrier module, an MCU sends 5 pulse square waves with the pulse width of 1mS to the module through a hardware pin after detecting a communication request, and the external infrared communication equipment closes communication after the sending is finished;
| SOH | W1 | STX | 96.71.00 | ( | DATA | ) | ETX | BCC |
infrared communication equipment sends communication data frame to module
And S2, after receiving the pulse signal, the BPL carrier module carries out task arrangement according to the current process, and if the current process is busy, the BPL carrier module continues to execute the current task until the current task is idle. After idling, the carrier module sends a command to the ammeter to read the communication frame with the R1 permission, and the MCU encrypts the data frame received from the infrared communication equipment and sends the data frame to the carrier module;
| SOH | R1 | STX | 96.71.00 | ( | ) | ETX | BCC |
carrier module acquiring data frame
And S3, after the BPL carrier module receives the first frame of data, whether a subsequent data frame needs to be continuously received or not is analyzed, if necessary, after a pulse signal of 5mS is received next time, the communication frame is read under the R3 authority, the serial port at the interface between the meter end and the module maintains the output state, the serial port at the module end maintains the input state, the module maintains the idle state, and the ammeter directly encrypts the data sent by the infrared communication equipment and then sends the encrypted data to the serial port of the module.
| STX | 96.71.00 | ( | DATA | ) | EOT | BCC |
The ammeter sends a data frame to the BPL module
And S4, the BPL carrier module receives the data and then decrypts the data, compares whether the data is tampered or not, and if the data is abnormal, abandons the data, and prevents abnormal operation on the data of the electric energy meter or the data of the concentrator.
And S5, after the BPL module finishes processing the received data, ending the idle state and executing other processes.
Further, in the step S1, the communication may also be from the infrared communication device to the local RS485 terminal, and from the BPL carrier module to the local RS485 terminal. Whether the RS485 is occupied by communication needs to be judged from the object infrared communication equipment to the RS485 end, if the RS485 is occupied by the BPL carrier module by communication, the infrared communication equipment needs to wait for the completion of the task, and if the communication is initiated from the object BPL carrier module, the judgment also needs to be made, as shown in FIG. 5;
the communication data in the steps S1 and S2 are encrypted by adopting BCC in an encryption algorithm ISO/IEC 1745 standard, the electric energy meter sends the encrypted data to the modules after receiving the request of the external infrared communication equipment, and the carrier module judges whether the data is tampered in the data communication process according to the decryption of the BCC algorithm, which is shown in figures 3 and 4;
further, in step S3, after receiving the data sent by the infrared communication device, the BPL carrier module may select single frame data reception and multi-frame data continuous reception. The single-frame data receiving requires that the electric meter sends a pulse signal to the module after receiving the infrared communication equipment data each time, the module acquires the data by itself, and the module can process tasks with the electric meter or other communication equipment in the period; when multi-frame data are continuously received, the module is in an idle waiting state, and the ammeter encrypts the data acquired from the infrared communication equipment and then continuously transmits the encrypted data to the module, as shown in fig. 2;
further, the communication in the step adopts standard IEC62056-21 mode C, the infrared communication equipment, the electric meter and the carrier module judge whether the data is falsified according to an encryption algorithm BCC in the communication process, and the communicated serial port communicates with the electric meter to receive the data again;
in the specific implementation:
data transferred in the communication process are placed in an RAM of the MCU, CRC16 check is carried out, and the data are discarded once the check fails or the data are lost;
and the BPL module executes the current task after monitoring the pulse signal, switches the current state to be idle and informs the electric energy meter to send data.
After the signal is sent, the MCU end BPL module serial port is not immediately switched to receiving or sending, but is normally communicated with the BPL carrier module; and after the BPL module is disconnected from the table, the BPL module initiates communication.
While embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (5)
1. A method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on an ammeter is characterized in that a plurality of devices are hung below the ammeter, and communication units of the devices adopt a BPL carrier module, a 485 communication module, a PLC carrier communication module, a GPRS communication module or an RF communication module; the communication method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, external infrared communication equipment sends a communication module serial port request frame to an ammeter, wherein the request frame carries a communication object and communication contents, and the communication object is any one of ammeter down-hanging equipment; after receiving a serial port request frame of a communication module, an electric meter MCU sends 5 pulse square waves with the pulse width of 1mS to a communication object through a hardware pin, and after the sending is finished, external infrared communication equipment closes communication;
s2, after receiving the pulse signal, the communication object carries out task arrangement according to the current process, and if the communication object is busy at present, the communication object continues to execute the current task until the communication object is idle;
if the current communication object is idle, the communication object sends a command to the ammeter to read a communication frame, and the MCU encrypts a data frame received from the external infrared communication equipment and sends the data frame to a corresponding communication object hung below the ammeter;
after the communication object receives the first frame of data, whether the subsequent data frames need to be continuously received or not is analyzed, if not, the data frames are read under the R1 authority, and the R1 authority is that the ammeter end is connected with the serial port at the interface of the communication object when in communication; if needed, after receiving a pulse signal of 5mS next time, reading a communication frame with an R3 authority, wherein the R3 authority is that an ammeter end is continuously connected with a serial port at an interface of the communication object, the ammeter end maintains an output state, the serial port of the communication object maintains an input state, and the ammeter directly encrypts data sent by external infrared communication equipment and sends the encrypted data to the serial port of the communication object;
s3, the communication object receives the data and then decrypts the data, compares whether the data is tampered, if the data is abnormal, the communication object is abandoned, and if the data is not abnormal, the communication object continues to use the communication object;
and S5, after the communication object processes the data received from the electric meter end, ending the idle state and executing other tasks.
2. The method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on the electric meter according to claim 1, wherein the communication data in the steps S1 and S2 is encrypted by using BCC in the ISO/IEC 1745 standard, the electric meter sends the encrypted data to the corresponding communication object after receiving the request sent by the external infrared communication device, and the communication object decrypts the data according to the BCC algorithm to determine whether the data is tampered during the communication process.
3. The method for realizing multi-device time sharing communication based on the electric meter according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the communication object can select single frame data receiving or multi-frame data continuous receiving after receiving the data sent by the external infrared communication device, wherein:
receiving single-frame data, namely, transmitting a pulse signal to a communication object after an ammeter receives data transmitted by external infrared communication equipment every time, and enabling the communication object to acquire the data, wherein the communication object can process communication tasks with the ammeter or other equipment;
and after the electric meter encrypts data acquired from the data sent by the external infrared communication equipment, the data are continuously sent to the communication object.
4. The method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on the electric meters according to claim 1, wherein the standard IEC62056-21 mode C is adopted for communication in the step, whether the data is falsified is judged by the infrared communication device, the electric meters and the carrier module according to an encryption algorithm BCC in the communication process, and the communication serial port communicates with the electric meters to receive the data again.
5. The method for realizing multi-device time-sharing communication based on the electric meter according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, communication among a plurality of devices hung under the electric meter, namely, communication among the BPL carrier module, the 485 communication module, the PLC carrier communication module, the GPRS communication module and the RF communication module, is performed according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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| CN117956006B (en) * | 2024-03-27 | 2024-06-07 | 广东南海电力设计院工程有限公司 | Non-invasive anti-countercurrent acquisition terminal |
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