CN112885042A

CN112885042A - Water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method

Info

Publication number: CN112885042A
Application number: CN202110103031.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张涛; 邬宾杰; 张登; 倪晓波; 李佳; 金颖
Original assignee: Second Institute of Oceanography MNR
Current assignee: Second Institute of Oceanography MNR
Priority date: 2021-01-26
Filing date: 2021-01-26
Publication date: 2021-06-01
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-26
Also published as: CN112885042B

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring and early warning oil spill on water surface, which comprises a buoy for monitoring whether the oil spill on the water surface exists or not and an unmanned ship for a wider area, wherein the unmanned ship is provided with an exchange component for changing charging, and a frightening component for frightening and avoiding fish schools in time is arranged between the unmanned ships The safety of (2).

Description

Water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of water surface oil spill early warning, in particular to a water surface oil spill monitoring early warning device and a water surface oil spill monitoring early warning method.

Background

With the development of the marine transportation industry, the petroleum industry and the like, the sudden oil spill accidents caused by oil field blowout, ship collision and the like are increased, so that a large amount of oil stains can flow into the ocean, the ecological environment of the ocean is deteriorated, the oil stains drift under the action of wind, waves and currents to further pollute the near-shore area and the fishing area, and the production and the life of the near-shore residents are directly influenced. The country attaches particular importance to marine environmental monitoring and related research work, and researchers are also developing key research, striving to realize: an oil spill pollution source is found in time, an oil spill event is early-warned and early-processed, harm diffusion is controlled, and loss is reduced; for the polluted area, the oil spilling data are accurately and timely extracted, so that the oil spilling is analyzed and researched, and the most important data support is provided for the oil spilling treatment work.

The existing warning treatment for offshore oil spill generally adopts a buoy mode and an infrared oil spill monitor to carry out oil spill monitoring work, an infrared oil spill detector mainly carries out detection and analysis on whether oil spill exists or not by transmitting infrared images, and can not carry out comprehensive monitoring work well only by the infrared images, thereby influencing the accuracy of monitoring and not meeting the use requirements of people well, the buoy mode has wider monitoring range but has certain limitation, in a sea area with larger range, the buoy mode can cause the oil spill to have larger blind areas by using the buoy mode, and can not effectively monitor each space of the sea area in time, thereby causing larger leak to be monitored, the unmanned ship used needs to be charged in the use process, the area can not be monitored normally in the charging process, and when the unmanned ship is used, because the unmanned ship carries out non-fixed-point monitoring in the sea, the fish school is easy to appear in the sea, the fish school is large in number, the fish school is easy to collide with a hull of an unmanned ship, the size of the unmanned ship is small, damage to each module on the unmanned ship is easy to cause, and therefore oil spill cannot be accurately monitored.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and a water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning method, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and the water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning method comprise a buoy used for monitoring whether the water surface oil spill or not and an unmanned ship used for a wider area, wherein the unmanned ship is provided with an exchange assembly used for changing charging, a frightening assembly used for frightening and avoiding fish schools in time is arranged between the unmanned ships, the unmanned ship can be effectively used through the arranged exchange assembly, the problem that the sea surface cannot be monitored in the charging process is solved, the fish schools can be driven by the frightening assembly, and the damage to the unmanned ship is avoided.

Preferably, the exchange subassembly includes unmanned son ship and unmanned mother ship, be provided with the connecting rod between unmanned son ship and the unmanned mother ship, fixedly connected with is used for placing the link of monitoring surface of water oil spilling condition device on the connecting rod, be provided with the moving member that the exchange of being convenient for was charged between connecting rod and unmanned son ship and the unmanned mother ship, be provided with between unmanned son ship and the unmanned mother ship and be used for the guide piece, can realize exchanging unmanned son ship and unmanned mother ship through the exchange subassembly that sets up and charge, do not influence the scope of monitoring, can realize carrying out real-time monitoring with it.

Preferably, the frightening assembly comprises a fixed plate installed in the unmanned sub-ship and the unmanned mother-ship, one side of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a driving piece, one side of the driving piece is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft, a first connecting rod is fixedly connected on the rotating shaft, one side of the first connecting rod, which is far away from the rotating shaft, is movably connected with a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod, which is far away from the first connecting rod, is fixedly connected with a driving special-shaped gear, one side of the driving special-shaped gear is engaged and connected with a driven special-shaped gear, a driving rod is fixedly connected on the driven special-shaped gear, the driving special-shaped gear and the driven special-shaped gear are both movably connected with a sliding block through a bearing, the sliding block is connected with a fixed groove in a sliding way, the fixed groove is fixedly connected with a fixed plate through a fixed rod, can effectually carry out the frightening with the shoal of fish through the frightening subassembly that sets up to avoid haring the monitoring facilities on the unmanned mother and mother ship of unmanned son ship.

Preferably, the driving piece is including installing the first motor on the fixed plate, the output fixedly connected with driving gear of second motor, the outer wall meshing of driving gear is connected with the gear area, the both sides meshing in gear area is connected with driven gear, the both sides in gear area all are provided with and are used for better driven piece that compresses tightly, can provide power for its use through the driving piece that sets up, make it can the expulsion shoal of fish.

Preferably, the pressing piece comprises a fixed column installed on the fixed plate, a rolling roller is fixedly connected to the fixed column, and the pressing piece can be used for facilitating the gear belt to be in better meshing action with the driving gear and the driven gear, so that the pressing piece can better exert the function.

Preferably, the moving member is including installing the worm wheel in unmanned son ship and unmanned mother's ship, there is the worm one side in unmanned son ship and the unmanned mother's ship through bearing swing joint, the bottom fixedly connected with second motor of worm, the worm wheel is connected with the worm meshing, the worm passes the first gear of outer wall fixedly connected with of unmanned son ship and unmanned mother's ship, one side of connecting rod is provided with and is used for carrying out spacing locating part, the opposite side of connecting rod is provided with the rack groove with first gear engaged with, can make unmanned son ship or unmanned mother's ship carry out the in-process of exchanging and remove connecting rod and link through the moving member that sets up, makes its placing that can be stable continue monitoring work on unmanned son ship or unmanned mother's ship.

Preferably, the locating part is including installing the stopper on unmanned son ship and unmanned mother ship, one side of stopper is provided with leads the spigot surface, just set up the spacing groove in the stopper, correspond fixedly connected with strip-shaped piece on the position on the connecting rod, can make it accurately remove in removing through the locating part that sets up, avoid leading to the monitoring facilities unstability in the removal, influence the result of its monitoring.

Preferably, the guide includes the horizontal pole, the both sides fixed mounting of horizontal pole has the connector, the top fixedly connected with iron plate of connector, the four sides of connector is provided with the elastic pressing plate, fixedly connected with spring between elastic pressing plate and the connector, all seted up rather than the assorted spread groove on unmanned son ship and the unmanned mother ship, fixedly connected with magnetic path in the spread groove can be connected and separate at unmanned son ship and unmanned mother ship through the guide that sets up.

Preferably, the cross bar is arranged to be oblique, the cross bar is internally provided with a hollow-out shape, reinforcing ribs for enhancing strength are arranged in the cross bar, and resistance on the sea surface can be reduced by arranging the cross bar to be oblique and hollow-out shapes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

the unmanned ship can be charged alternately and can monitor the oil spill situation on the sea in real time through the arranged exchange assembly, fish schools can be frightened effectively, the problems that the oil spill situation cannot be monitored due to the fact that the charging cannot be carried out on the complete monitoring of the oil spill situation on the sea and monitoring equipment on the unmanned ship is damaged due to the fact that the charging and the fish schools are hidden in the existing using process are solved, and the safety of the monitoring equipment on the unmanned ship can be monitored effectively in real time.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the unmanned ship structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the guide member of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another overall angular configuration of the guide of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the connecting frame of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic side view of the unmanned mother ship according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view of an unmanned mother ship according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the unmanned mother ship according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another angle part of the unmanned mother ship according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of the structure at A in FIG. 7 according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the structure at B in FIG. 8 according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 9 at C according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1-a buoy; 2-unmanned ship; 3-a switching component; 4-a startle assembly; 5-unmanned boat; 6-unmanned mother ship; 7-a connecting rod; 8-a connecting frame; 9-a moving member; 10-a guide; 11-a fixed plate; 12-a drive member; 13-a rotating shaft; 14-a first link; 15-a second link; 16-driving special-shaped gear; 17-driven profile gear; 18-dislodging the rod; 19-a slide block; 20-a fixed groove; 21-a first motor; 22-a drive gear; 23-a gear belt; 24-driven teeth; 25-a compression member; 26-fixed columns; 27-a rolling roller; 28-a worm gear; 29-a worm; 30-a first gear; 31-a stop; 32-rack slot; 33-a limiting block; 34-a slide guide surface; 35-a limiting groove; 36-a bar block; 37-a cross-bar; 38-a connector; 39-iron blocks; 40-an elastic pressure plate; 41-a spring; 42-connecting grooves; 43-magnetic block; 44-reinforcing ribs; 45-second motor.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1-12, the present invention provides a technical solution: the water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and the method comprise a buoy 1 used for monitoring whether oil spills on the water surface and an unmanned ship 2 used for a wider area, wherein the unmanned ship 2 is provided with an exchange assembly 3 used for changing charging, a frightening assembly 4 used for frightening and avoiding fish schools in time is arranged between the unmanned ships 2, the exchange assembly 3 can effectively use the unmanned ship 2, the problem that the sea surface cannot be monitored in the charging process is solved, the frightening assembly 4 can be used for driving the fish schools, and damage to the unmanned ship 2 is avoided.

Exchange assembly 3 includes unmanned son ship 5 and unmanned mother ship 6, be provided with connecting rod 7 between unmanned son ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6, fixedly connected with is used for placing the link 8 of monitoring surface of water oil spilling condition device on the connecting rod 7, be provided with the moving member 9 that is convenient for exchange and charges between connecting rod 7 and unmanned son ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6, be provided with between unmanned son ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6 and be used for guide 10, the exchange assembly 3 of setting can realize exchanging unmanned son ship 5 and unmanned mother ship 6 and charge, does not influence the scope of monitoring, can realize carrying out real-time monitoring with it.

The startle assembly 4 comprises a fixed plate 11 arranged in an unmanned sub-ship 5 and an unmanned mother ship 6, a driving member 12 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed plate 11, a rotating shaft 13 is fixedly connected to one side of the driving member 12, a first connecting rod 14 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 13, a second connecting rod 15 is movably connected to one side, far away from the rotating shaft 13, of the first connecting rod 14, a driving special-shaped gear 16 is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the first connecting rod 14, of the first connecting rod 14, a driven special-shaped gear 17 is connected to one side of the driving special-shaped gear 16 in a meshed mode, a driving rod 18 is fixedly connected to the driven special-shaped gear 17, the driving special-shaped gear 16 and the driven special-shaped gear 17 are both movably connected to a sliding block 19 through bearings, a fixed groove 20 is slidably connected to the fixed groove 20, the fixed groove 20, then the rotating shaft 13 drives the first connecting rod 14 to rotate, the first connecting rod 14 and the second connecting rod 15 are hinged, the first connecting rod 14 can slide forwards in a reciprocating mode, the driving special-shaped gear 16 connected to the second connecting rod 15 can partially deflect, the driven special-shaped gear 17 meshed with the driving special-shaped gear can partially deflect relative to the driving special-shaped gear, the expelling rod 18 can swing left and right, fish groups are frightened through the swinging action, and the unmanned mother ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6 can be sheltered, so that monitoring equipment on the unmanned mother ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6 is prevented from being damaged.

The driving piece 12 is including installing the first motor 21 on fixed plate 11, the output fixedly connected with driving gear 22 of second motor, the outer wall meshing of driving gear 22 is connected with gear belt 23, the both sides meshing of gear belt 23 is connected with driven gear 24, the both sides of gear belt 23 all are provided with and are used for better driven piece 25 that compresses tightly, and first motor 21 rotates, makes driving gear 22 rotate, and driving gear 22 transmission makes gear belt 23 transmit to make gear belt 23 drive driven gear 24 and rotate, make driven gear 24 rotate the back can conveniently drive the shoal of fish.

The pressing piece 25 comprises a fixing column 26 installed on the fixing plate 11, a rolling roller 27 is fixedly connected to the fixing column 26, and when the pressing piece is used, the pressing roller can press the gear belt 23 tightly, so that the gear belt 23 is attached to the driving gear 22 and the driven gear 24 forcibly, the driving effect of the driving gear is better, the driving gear 22 and the driven gear 24 can drive fish schools better, and the unmanned child ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6 are prevented from being damaged.

The moving member 9 comprises worm gears 28 installed in the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6, one side of the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6 is movably connected with a worm 29 through a bearing, the bottom of the worm 29 is fixedly connected with a second motor 45, the worm gears 28 are meshed with the worm 29, the worm 29 penetrates through the outer walls of the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6 and is fixedly connected with a first gear 30, one side of the connecting rod 7 is provided with a limiting part 31 used for limiting, the other side of the connecting rod 7 is provided with a rack groove 32 meshed with the first gear 30, the worm 29 can drive the worm gears 28 to rotate, the worm gears 28 and the worm 29 have a self-locking effect, the worm gears have a fixing effect in the operation process and ensure the stability, the worm 29 drives the first gear 30 on the upper part to rotate so that the first gear 30 rotates to enter the gear groove, thereby driving the rack slot 32 to move forwards or backwards, and the connecting rod 7 and the connecting frame 8 move, so that the monitoring equipment is transferred to the unmanned sub-ship 5 or the unmanned mother-ship 6, and can be stably placed on the unmanned sub-ship 5 or the unmanned mother-ship 6 to continue monitoring work.

The limiting part 31 comprises limiting blocks 33 installed on the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother ship 6, a guide sliding surface 34 is arranged on one side of each limiting block 33, a limiting groove 35 is formed in each limiting block 33, strip blocks 36 are fixedly connected to corresponding positions on the connecting rods 7 and are enabled to move to the positions of the limiting grooves 35 of the limiting blocks 33 conveniently through the action of the guide sliding surfaces 34, a part of limiting effect is achieved, the limiting blocks can be moved accurately in the moving process, and the situation that monitoring equipment is unstable and monitoring results are affected during the moving process is avoided.

The guide piece 10 comprises a cross rod 37, connectors 38 are fixedly mounted on two sides of the cross rod 37, iron blocks 39 are fixedly connected to the tops of the connectors 38, elastic pressing plates 40 are arranged on four sides of each connector 38, springs 41 are fixedly connected between the elastic pressing plates 40 and the connectors 38, connecting grooves 42 matched with the connectors are formed in the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother-ship 6, magnetic blocks 43 are fixedly connected in the connecting grooves 42, the magnetic blocks 43 can be connected and powered on through the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother-ship 6, the power on of the electromagnetic blocks 43 can be controlled in the process of alternately charging the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother-ship 6, the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother-ship 6 can be conveniently separated, it needs to be noted that GPS modules are respectively arranged on the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother-ship 6, and the positions can be accurately found in the process of alternately charging the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother, the used elastic pressing plate 40 can be connected with the connecting groove 42 by the extrusion action of the elastic action of the spring 41, and the used iron block 39 and the magnetic block 43 are mutually attracted and connected to be more tightly connected.

The cross rod 37 is arranged to be oblique, the cross rod 37 is arranged to be hollow, reinforcing ribs 44 used for enhancing strength are arranged in the cross rod 37, the diagonal reinforcing ribs and the hollow reinforcing ribs can reduce running resistance in seawater, the unmanned sub-ship 5 and the unmanned mother-ship 6 can run in the water conveniently, and the strength of the cross rod 37 can be guaranteed by the aid of the reinforcing ribs 44, and the strength is high.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and the method comprise a buoy (1) used for monitoring whether oil spills on the water surface and an unmanned ship (2) used for a wider area, and are characterized in that: the unmanned ships (2) are provided with exchange assemblies (3) for changing charging, and frightening assemblies (4) for frightening and sheltering fish schools in time are arranged between the unmanned ships (2).

2. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method according to claim 1, wherein: exchange subassembly (3) are including unmanned son ship (5) and unmanned mother ship (6), be provided with connecting rod (7) between unmanned son ship (5) and unmanned mother ship (6), fixedly connected with is used for placing link (8) of monitoring surface of water oil spilling condition device on connecting rod (7), be provided with between connecting rod (7) and unmanned son ship (5) and unmanned mother ship (6) and be convenient for exchange moving member (9) that charge, be provided with between unmanned son ship (5) and unmanned mother ship (6) and be used for guide (10).

3. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method according to claim 1, wherein: the startle assembly (4) comprises a fixing plate (11) installed in an unmanned sub-ship (5) and an unmanned mother ship (6), a driving piece (12) is fixedly connected to one side of the fixing plate (11), a rotating shaft (13) is fixedly connected to one side of the driving piece (12), a first connecting rod (14) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (13), a second connecting rod (15) is movably connected to one side, far away from the rotating shaft (13), of the first connecting rod (14), a driving special-shaped gear (16) is fixedly connected to one end, far away from the first connecting rod (14), of the first connecting rod (14), a driven special-shaped gear (17) is meshed and connected to one side of the driving special-shaped gear (16), a driven special-shaped gear (18) is fixedly connected to the driven special-shaped gear (17), and the driving special-shaped gear (16) and the driven special-shaped gear (17) are both movably connected to, the sliding block (19) is connected with a fixing groove (20) in a sliding mode, and the fixing groove (20) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (11) through a fixing rod.

4. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method according to claim 1, wherein: the driving piece (12) comprises a first motor (21) installed on a fixing plate (11), the output end of a second motor is fixedly connected with a driving gear (22), the outer wall of the driving gear (22) is meshed with a gear belt (23), two sides of the gear belt (23) are meshed with driven gears (24), and two sides of the gear belt (23) are provided with pressing pieces (25) used for better transmission.

5. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method according to claim 1, wherein: the pressing piece (25) comprises a fixing column (26) installed on the fixing plate (11), and a rolling roller (27) is fixedly connected to the fixing column (26).

6. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method according to claim 1, wherein: moving member (9) are including installing worm wheel (28) in unmanned son ship (5) and unmanned mother ship (6), there is worm (29) one side in unmanned son ship (5) and unmanned mother ship (6) through bearing swing joint, the bottom fixedly connected with second motor (45) of worm (29), worm wheel (28) are connected with worm (29) meshing, first gear (30) of outer wall fixedly connected with that unmanned son ship (5) and unmanned mother ship (6) are passed in worm (29), one side of connecting rod (7) is provided with and is used for carrying out spacing locating part (31), the opposite side of connecting rod (7) is provided with rack groove (32) with first gear (30) engaged with.

7. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting part (31) comprises limiting blocks (33) installed on the unmanned sub-ship (5) and the unmanned mother ship (6), a guide sliding surface (34) is arranged on one side of each limiting block (33), limiting grooves (35) are formed in the limiting blocks (33), and strip-shaped blocks (36) are fixedly connected to corresponding positions on the connecting rods (7).

8. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method according to claim 1, wherein: guide (10) include horizontal pole (37), the both sides fixed mounting of horizontal pole (37) has connector (38), the top fixedly connected with iron plate (39) of connector (38), the four sides of connector (38) are provided with elasticity clamp plate (40), fixedly connected with spring (41) between elasticity clamp plate (40) and connector (38), all seted up rather than assorted spread groove (42) on unmanned son ship (5) and unmanned mother ship (6), fixedly connected with magnetic path (43) in spread groove (42).

9. The water surface oil spill monitoring and early warning device and method according to claim 1, wherein: the cross rod (37) is obliquely arranged, the cross rod (37) is hollowed out, and reinforcing ribs (44) used for enhancing strength are arranged in the cross rod (37).