CN112881950A - Cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system and method - Google Patents
Cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/66—Testing of connections, e.g. of plugs or non-disconnectable joints
- G01R31/68—Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board
- G01R31/69—Testing of releasable connections, e.g. of terminals mounted on a printed circuit board of terminals at the end of a cable or a wire harness; of plugs; of sockets, e.g. wall sockets or power sockets in appliances
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for monitoring the temperature, voltage and position of a cable joint, wherein the temperature at the cable joint is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor with a high-precision high-temperature domain, and when temperature data, voltage data and attitude displacement data are in a normal range, terminal equipment uploads the temperature data, the voltage data and the attitude displacement data to a platform through a gateway periodically through LoRa; when the temperature data, the voltage data and the posture displacement data are monitored to be higher than normal threshold values, the equipment immediately sends alarm data to the platform through the gateway, and monitoring of cable joint temperature, smooth circuit, moving or theft is achieved. The invention has the advantages of high precision values of temperature measurement, voltage and attitude displacement, low power consumption, strong adaptability by transmitting signals in a wireless communication mode, adaptability to various monitoring environments, reduced labor inspection cost and realization of real-time temperature monitoring, voltage monitoring and attitude displacement monitoring at cable joints.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of electronic technology and cable temperature monitoring, and particularly relates to a system and a method for monitoring the temperature, voltage and position of a cable joint.
Background
In power supply systems of cities and large and medium-sized enterprises, power cables are increasingly used for power transmission and distribution. However, power cables are prone to failure during operation. Analysis of power cable accidents over the years has shown that more than 90% of cable operational failures occur at the location of the cable joint. When the cable joint has quality problems such as increased contact resistance and the like, the running temperature at the cable joint is correspondingly increased, so that the aging of an insulating layer at the cable joint is accelerated, and a cable fire disaster is caused in severe cases; the cable is disconnected or the line is not communicated; the cable is moved, and the situation of being stolen also happens occasionally. In addition, the vibration at the cable joint can cause the cable joint to fall off, which leads to accidents. Therefore, monitoring of temperature and vibration at the cable joint, and whether the line is clear, is particularly important. Currently, many enterprises employ methods of manual periodic measurement to monitor the temperature and vibration of the power cable joint. Because the cables are laid in cable trenches or buried underground, the measurement by workers is not only very inconvenient, but also sometimes very dangerous. Moreover, the worker measures the temperature at the cable joint by using a temperature sensor, and this measurement method is susceptible to the temperature of the surrounding environment, so that it is impossible to accurately determine whether the temperature of the cable joint is abnormal. The problem that whether the operation condition of a cable joint is abnormal or not cannot be accurately judged exists in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the system and the method for monitoring the temperature, the voltage and the position of the cable joint provided by the invention solve the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system comprises a plurality of terminal devices, two gateways and a user side; the terminal equipment is used for monitoring the temperature of the cable joint and monitoring the voltage on the cable line so as to achieve the purposes of monitoring whether the cable is disconnected or not and monitoring the movement condition of the cable to judge whether the cable is moved by a person or not so as to achieve the purpose of preventing burglary; the terminal equipment is in communication connection with the gateway, and the gateway is in communication connection with the user side.
Further, the shell of the terminal equipment is made of a high flame retardant material; the terminal equipment is provided with test interfaces TP2 and 4-15 which comprise a microprocessor circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, a temperature sensing circuit, an attitude displacement monitoring circuit, a LoRa communication circuit, a voltage monitoring circuit and an external power supply circuit; the microprocessor circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the auxiliary power supply circuit, the temperature sensing circuit, the LoRa communication circuit, the attitude displacement monitoring circuit and the voltage monitoring circuit, the auxiliary power supply circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the external power supply circuit and the LoRa communication circuit, and the external power supply circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the attitude displacement monitoring circuit and the power supply battery;
the voltage monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the voltage on the cable to monitor whether the cable is disconnected; the gesture displacement monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the movement condition of the cable and judging whether the cable is moved by a person or not so as to achieve the purpose of theft prevention; the temperature sensing circuit is used for monitoring the temperature at the cable joint.
Further, the microprocessor circuit comprises a microprocessor U14, a capacitor C5, capacitors C17-18, capacitors C53-55, a capacitor C62, capacitors C68-70, a resistor R4, a resistor R9, a resistor R21, resistors R54-59, a diode D29, a button SW1-2, a crystal oscillator Y2 and a test interface TP7-TP 11;
the 1 st, 13 th, 19 th, 32 th and 64 th pins of the microprocessor U14 are all grounded through capacitors C5, 53-55, 68-69 in parallel and are electrically connected with VCC _ MCU junction, the 12 th, 18 th, 31 th, 47 th and 63 th pins are all grounded, the 14 th and 15 th pins are electrically connected with MCU _ UART _ TX junction and MCU _ UART _ RX junction in turn, the 16 th pin is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R54, the 17 th pin is electrically connected with DQ _ NST1001 junction and the other end of a resistor R54, the 20 th pin is electrically connected with nReset junction, the 22 th pin is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R21 and Reload junction, the 22 th, 23 th, 46 th and 49 th pins are electrically connected with WAKE junction, HOST _ WAKE junction, JTAG _ TMS junction and JTAG _ TCK junction in turn, the 26 th pin is electrically connected with the cathode of a diode D29, the 60 th pin is grounded through a resistor R56, the 7 th pin is electrically connected with the MCU _ NRST contact, the 6 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C17 and electrically connected with the 1 st pin of the crystal oscillator Y2, the 5 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C18 and electrically connected with the 3 rd pin of the crystal oscillator Y2, the 4 th pin is grounded through a resistor R69, the 3 rd pin is grounded through a resistor R68, the 25 th pin is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R55, the 1 st-2 th pin of a button SW2 and one end of a capacitor C65 respectively, the 8 th-11 th pin is electrically connected with the MCU _ I2C2_ SCL contact, the MCU _ I2C2_ SDA contact, the ADC _ CHK contact and the MCU _ I2C2_ INT contact in sequence, the 24 th pin is electrically connected with the Vo contact, and the 48 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C70 and electrically connected with the MCU _ NRST contact;
the other end of the resistor R21 is electrically connected with a VCC _ MCU junction, the anode of the diode D29 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU junction through a resistor R59, pins 2 and 4 of the crystal oscillator Y2 are both grounded, the pins 3-4 of the button SW2 and the other end of the capacitor C65 are both grounded, and the other end of the resistor R55 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU junction; the test interface TP7-10 is electrically connected with a VCC _ MCU contact, a JTAG _ TMS contact, a JTAG _ TCK contact and an MCU _ NRST contact in sequence, and the test interface TP11 is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected with the VCC _ BAT contact, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded through the resistor R9 and is electrically connected with the ADC _ CHK contact; one end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU contact, the other end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected with the MCU _ NRST contact, the 3 rd to 4 th pins of the button SW1 and one end of the capacitor C62 respectively, the other end of the capacitor C62 is grounded, and the 1 st to 2 th pins of the button SW1 are grounded through a resistor R58.
Further, the auxiliary power supply circuit comprises an inductor L1, an inductor L14, a capacitor C1-2, a capacitor C21-22 and a capacitor C56-57; one end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected with the VCC _3V3 contact, and the other end of the inductor L1 is grounded through the parallel capacitor C1-2 and is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU contact; one end of the inductor L14 is electrically connected to the VCC _3V3 contact, and the other end is grounded through the parallel capacitors C56, 57, 21, and 22 and electrically connected to the VCC _ LoRa contact.
Further, the temperature sensing circuit comprises a test interface TP12-13, a temperature sensor U13 and a resistor R65; the 1 st pin of the temperature sensor U13 is electrically connected with a test interface TP12 and a DQ _ NST1001_ S contact respectively, and the 2 nd pin is grounded; the test interface TP13 is grounded, and two ends of the resistor R65 are electrically connected to the DQ _ NST1001_ S contact and the DQ _ NST1001 contact, respectively.
Further, the LoRa communication circuit includes an LoRa chip U11, a resistor R11, resistors R61-64, and a resistor R67; pins 1, 3, 11, 12, 17, 28, 29 and 44 of the LoRa chip U11 are all grounded, pins 19-21 and pins 23-24 thereof are electrically connected with a LoRa _ UART _ TX contact, a LoRa _ UART _ RX contact, a LoRa _ Reload contact, a LoRa _ WAKE contact and a LoRa _ HOST _ WAKE contact in sequence, pins 13-14 thereof are electrically connected with a VCC _ LoRa contact, and pin 4 thereof is electrically connected with a LoRa _ nReset contact;
the two ends of the resistor R67 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ nReset contact and an nReset contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R11 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ UART _ TX contact and an MCU _ UART _ RX contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R61 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ UART _ RX contact and an MCU _ UART _ TX contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R62 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ Reload contact and a Reload contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R63 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ WAKE contact and a WAKE contact respectively, and the two ends of the resistor R64 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ HOST _ WAKE contact and a HOST _ WAKE contact respectively.
Further, the voltage monitoring circuit comprises a precision micro current transformer U12, and the cable is arranged in a threading hole of the precision micro current transformer U12 in a penetrating manner; the 1 st pin of the precision miniature current transformer U12 is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R75 and the Vo contact respectively, and the 2 nd pin thereof is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R75 and grounded.
Furthermore, the external power supply circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing chip U6, capacitors C46-C51, an inductor L13, a resistor R35, a wiring terminal J8 and test interfaces TP2, 4-6 and 14-15; the 1 st pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U6 is grounded through parallel capacitors C47-48 and is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R35, one end of a resistor R37 and one end of an inductor L13 respectively, the 1 st pin is grounded, the 3 rd pin is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R37, the 4 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C51, and the 5 th pin is grounded through parallel capacitors C49-50 and is electrically connected with the other end of a resistor R35, a VCC _3V3 node and a test interface TP2 respectively;
the other end of inductance L13 passes through electric capacity C46 ground connection and with VCC _ BAT contact electric connection, test interface TP14 respectively with VCC _ BAT contact and binding post J8's 1 st pin electric connection, test interface TP15 and binding post J8's 2 nd pin electric connection and ground connection, test interface TP4-6 all grounds, the one end that external power supply circuit was kept away from to binding post J8's 1 st-2 th pin is in proper order with the positive negative pole electric connection of power supply battery.
Further, the attitude displacement monitoring circuit comprises a gyroscope U13, resistors R70-74 and capacitors C71-72; a 23 th pin of the gyroscope U13 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R70 and one end of the resistor R74, a 24 th pin thereof is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R71 and one end of the resistor R73, a 12 th pin thereof is connected to one end of the resistor R72, an 8 th pin thereof is electrically connected to a 13 th pin thereof, a VCC _3V3 contact, the other end of the resistor R73 and the other end of the resistor R74, a 1 st, 9 th, 11 th and 18 th pins thereof are grounded, a 10 th pin thereof is electrically connected to the grounded capacitor C72, and a 20 th pin thereof is electrically connected to the grounded capacitor C71; the other end of the resistor R70, the other end of the resistor R71 and the other end of the resistor R72 are electrically connected with the MCU _ I2C2_ SDA contact, the MCU _ I2C2_ SCL contact and the MCU _ I2C2_ INT contact in sequence.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention has convenient layout, all terminals are powered by batteries, only the gateway needs commercial power supply, and the power supply is convenient; and moreover, the terminal and the gateway as well as the gateway and the platform adopt a wireless communication mode, so that signal lines are not distributed, the manufacturing cost is low, the installation is convenient, and the labor cost is low.
(2) The invention adopts wireless communication, the terminal and the gateway adopt long-distance LoRa communication, the communication distance can reach 10 kilometers, the coverage range is wide, the data transmission is convenient, the data is collected to the gateway for uploading, the load of the terminal is reduced, and the low power consumption of the terminal is favorably realized.
(3) The shell material of the terminal equipment adopts the high flame-retardant fireproof material, so that the equipment can transmit the message out after the cable is on fire.
(4) The terminal equipment has small volume, light weight, low cost and simple coverage; every terminal is because of using few and small of electronic components, can integrate in the less shell of volume, no matter be the cable of monitoring in the cable pit, still monitor cable well, the cable etc. in the switch board all can be attached to the installation, make equipment cover all places that need monitor.
(5) The invention adopts the temperature sensor to monitor the temperature, has high monitoring precision and carries out real-time monitoring.
(6) The invention adopts the attitude sensor to monitor the attitude displacement, has high monitoring precision and carries out real-time monitoring.
(7) The invention adopts the current transformer to monitor the voltage, has high monitoring precision and carries out real-time monitoring.
(6) The invention avoids manual cable inspection, reduces the cost of manual inspection, and is suitable for various monitoring environments.
(7) The invention can simultaneously monitor a plurality of cables, and display data in a cloud, cloud storage and data concentration manner; the system sends data to the cloud end, the cloud end stores messages reported by the lower computer, a worker can inquire historical data of any equipment, and all monitored data have time labels according to the condition of a regional display terminal, so that the uniqueness of the data is ensured; remote maintenance and upgrading are supported; and monitoring the ratio of the grounding current to the load in the statistical period in real time, and alarming.
(8) The invention can monitor whether the cable is disconnected or not by detecting the current condition of the cable.
A method for temperature, voltage and position monitoring using a cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system, comprising the steps of:
s1: a temperature sensor in the terminal equipment is contacted and fixed with a cable joint, and temperature, voltage and attitude displacement data are measured in real time;
s2: transmitting the temperature data to a microprocessor circuit to be converted into temperature data in centigrade;
s3: monitoring whether the temperature data, the voltage data and the attitude displacement data exceed a preset data threshold range in real time, if so, sending a terminal device UID and a corresponding data abnormal signal to an LoRa communication circuit, and entering a step S4, otherwise, repeating the step S3;
the data abnormal signals comprise temperature abnormal signals corresponding to the temperature data, cable disconnection abnormal signals corresponding to the voltage data and cable attitude displacement abnormal signals corresponding to the attitude displacement data;
s4: the UID and the data abnormal signal are transmitted to the gateway through the LoRa communication circuit and are forwarded to the user side by the gateway;
s5: carrying out exception processing according to the terminal equipment UID with the data exception to complete the temperature, voltage and position monitoring of the cable joint;
the gateway comprises a main gateway and a standby gateway, the main gateway and the standby gateway mutually send heartbeat to detect the network state of a counterpart in temperature monitoring, and if the network state of the main gateway is abnormal, the standby gateway is used for transmitting data;
and each terminal device UID is provided with unique corresponding position information, and an ACK confirmation retransmission mechanism and data encryption processing are arranged in the communication process of the LoRa communication circuit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the data transmission of the invention adopts encryption processing, the data can be decrypted only if the opposite side has a correct key, the discretization processing of the encrypted data basically cannot see the association with the original data, has no obvious characteristics, and is not easy to intercept and crack in the air. Because the system adopts a wireless communication mode, in order to ensure the communication success rate, an ACK confirmation retransmission mechanism is arranged in the communication process, and the data safety is further ensured.
(2) The dual-gateway 'dual-computer hot standby' ensures that system data is stably transmitted out; two gateways, a main gateway and a standby gateway can be installed in a system, the main gateway and the standby gateway mutually send heartbeat detection state of the other side, the two gateways send heartbeat detection network state to a platform at intervals, and when the main gateway is abnormal, the standby gateway immediately enters a normal operation state to ensure the stability of the system data.
(3) The invention can accurately position the alarm point, all terminals have unique device identification numbers UID, the device is activated during installation, the UID of the device and the installation position of the device are registered to the platform together when the platform is activated and registered, the device data comprises the UID of the device, after the data is sent to the platform, the platform analyzes the data, the UID is checked to accurately determine the position of the alarm point, and the alarm point is convenient for workers to process.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system.
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a microprocessor.
Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the auxiliary power supply.
Fig. 4 is a temperature sensing circuit diagram.
Fig. 5 is a LoRa communication circuit diagram.
Fig. 6 is a voltage monitoring circuit diagram.
Fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of an external power supply.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an attitude displacement monitoring circuit.
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a method of temperature monitoring using a cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Functional details disclosed herein are merely illustrative of example embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments of the invention. When the terms "comprises," "comprising," "includes," and/or "including" are used herein, they specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, numbers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the figures may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
It should be understood that specific details are provided in the following description to facilitate a thorough understanding of example embodiments. However, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the example embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. For example, systems may be shown in block diagrams in order not to obscure the examples in unnecessary detail. In other instances, well-known processes, structures and techniques may be shown without unnecessary detail in order to avoid obscuring example embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a system for monitoring temperature, voltage and position of a cable joint comprises a plurality of terminal devices, two gateways and a user end; the terminal equipment is used for monitoring the temperature of the cable joint and monitoring the voltage on the cable line so as to achieve the purposes of monitoring whether the cable is disconnected or not and monitoring the movement condition of the cable to judge whether the cable is moved by a person or not so as to achieve the purpose of preventing burglary; the terminal equipment is in communication connection with the gateway, and the gateway is in communication connection with the user side.
The shell of the terminal equipment is made of a high flame retardant material; the terminal equipment is provided with test interfaces TP2 and 4-15 which comprise a microprocessor circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, a temperature sensing circuit, an attitude displacement monitoring circuit, a LoRa communication circuit, a voltage monitoring circuit and an external power supply circuit; microprocessor circuit respectively with auxiliary power supply circuit, temperature sensing circuit, loRa communication circuit, gesture displacement monitoring circuit and voltage monitoring circuit electric connection, auxiliary power supply circuit respectively with external power supply circuit and loRa communication circuit electric connection, external power supply circuit respectively with gesture displacement monitoring circuit and power supply battery electric connection.
The voltage monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the voltage on the cable to monitor whether the cable is disconnected; the gesture displacement monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the movement condition of the cable and judging whether the cable is moved by a person or not so as to achieve the purpose of theft prevention; the temperature sensing circuit is used for monitoring the temperature at the cable joint.
In this embodiment, the external power circuit and the auxiliary power circuit supply power to the terminal device, the temperature sensing circuit, the voltage monitoring circuit and the attitude displacement monitoring circuit respectively monitor the temperature, the voltage and the attitude displacement of the cable in real time, the temperature, the voltage and the attitude displacement are input into the microprocessor circuit to perform data anomaly judgment, and a data anomaly signal is sent to the gateway through the LoRa communication circuit according to the obtained anomaly data.
As shown in FIG. 2, the microprocessor circuit comprises a microprocessor U14 of a model STM32L071RBT6, a capacitor C5, capacitors C17-18, capacitors C53-55, a capacitor C62, capacitors C68-70, a resistor R4, a resistor R9, a resistor R21, resistors R54-59, a diode D29, a button SW1-2, a crystal oscillator Y2 and a test interface TP7-TP 11.
The 1 st, 13 th, 19 th, 32 th and 64 th pins of the microprocessor U14 are all grounded through capacitors C5, 53-55, 68-69 in parallel and are electrically connected with VCC _ MCU junction, the 12 th, 18 th, 31 th, 47 th and 63 th pins are all grounded, the 14 th and 15 th pins are electrically connected with MCU _ UART _ TX junction and MCU _ UART _ RX junction in turn, the 16 th pin is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R54, the 17 th pin is electrically connected with DQ _ NST1001 junction and the other end of a resistor R54, the 20 th pin is electrically connected with nReset junction, the 22 th pin is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R21 and Reload junction, the 22 th, 23 th, 46 th and 49 th pins are electrically connected with WAKE junction, HOST _ WAKE junction, JTAG _ TMS junction and JTAG _ TCK junction in turn, the 26 th pin is electrically connected with the cathode of a diode D29, the 60 th pin is grounded through a resistor R56, the 7 th pin is electrically connected to the MCU _ NRST node, the 6 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C17 and electrically connected to the 1 st pin of the crystal oscillator Y2, the 5 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C18 and electrically connected to the 3 rd pin of the crystal oscillator Y2, the 4 th pin is grounded through a resistor R69, the 3 rd pin is grounded through a resistor R68, the 25 th pin is electrically connected to one end of a resistor R55, the 1 st-2 th pins of the button SW2 and one end of a capacitor C65, the 8 th-11 th pins are sequentially electrically connected to the MCU _ I2C2_ SCL node, the MCU _ I2C2_ SDA node, the ADC _ CHK node and the MCU _ I2C2_ INT node, the 24 th pin is electrically connected to the Vo node, and the 48 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C70 and electrically connected to the MCU _ NRST node.
The other end of the resistor R21 is electrically connected with a VCC _ MCU junction, the anode of the diode D29 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU junction through a resistor R59, pins 2 and 4 of the crystal oscillator Y2 are both grounded, the pins 3-4 of the button SW2 and the other end of the capacitor C65 are both grounded, and the other end of the resistor R55 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU junction; the test interface TP7-10 is electrically connected with a VCC _ MCU contact, a JTAG _ TMS contact, a JTAG _ TCK contact and an MCU _ NRST contact in sequence, and the test interface TP11 is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected with the VCC _ BAT contact, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded through the resistor R9 and is electrically connected with the ADC _ CHK contact; one end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU contact, the other end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected with the MCU _ NRST contact, the 3 rd to 4 th pins of the button SW1 and one end of the capacitor C62 respectively, the other end of the capacitor C62 is grounded, and the 1 st to 2 th pins of the button SW1 are grounded through a resistor R58.
As shown in fig. 3, the auxiliary power circuit includes an inductor L1, an inductor L14, a capacitor C1-2, a capacitor C21-22, and a capacitor C56-57; one end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected with the VCC _3V3 contact, and the other end of the inductor L1 is grounded through the parallel capacitor C1-2 and is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU contact; one end of the inductor L14 is electrically connected to the VCC _3V3 contact, and the other end is grounded through the parallel capacitors C56, 57, 21, and 22 and electrically connected to the VCC _ LoRa contact.
As shown in fig. 4, the temperature sensing circuit includes a test interface TP12-13, a temperature sensor U13 of model NST1001, and a resistor R65; the 1 st pin of the temperature sensor U13 is electrically connected with a test interface TP12 and a DQ _ NST1001_ S contact respectively, and the 2 nd pin is grounded; the test interface TP13 is grounded, and two ends of the resistor R65 are electrically connected to the DQ _ NST1001_ S contact and the DQ _ NST1001 contact, respectively.
As shown in fig. 5, the LoRa communication circuit includes a LoRa chip U11 with model number WH-L101-L-P-H10, a resistor R11, resistors R61-64, and a resistor R67; pins 1, 3, 11, 12, 17, 28, 29 and 44 of the LoRa chip U11 are all grounded, pins 19-21 and pins 23-24 thereof are electrically connected with the LoRa _ UART _ TX contact, the LoRa _ UART _ RX contact, the LoRa _ Reload contact, the LoRa _ WAKE contact and the LoRa _ HOST _ WAKE contact in sequence, pins 13-14 thereof are electrically connected with the VCC _ LoRa contact, and pin 4 thereof is electrically connected with the LoRa _ nReset contact.
The two ends of the resistor R67 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ nReset contact and an nReset contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R11 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ UART _ TX contact and an MCU _ UART _ RX contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R61 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ UART _ RX contact and an MCU _ UART _ TX contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R62 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ Reload contact and a Reload contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R63 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ WAKE contact and a WAKE contact respectively, and the two ends of the resistor R64 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ HOST _ WAKE contact and a HOST _ WAKE contact respectively.
As shown in fig. 6, the voltage monitoring circuit comprises a precision micro current transformer U12 of the type ZMCT101B, and the cable is inserted through a threading hole of the precision micro current transformer U12; the 1 st pin of the precision miniature current transformer U12 is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R75 and the Vo contact respectively, and the 2 nd pin thereof is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R75 and grounded.
As shown in FIG. 7, the external power circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing chip U6 with the model number SP6205EM5-L-3-3/TR, capacitors C46-C51, an inductor L13, a resistor R35, a connecting terminal J8 and test interfaces TP2, 4-6 and 14-15; the 1 st pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U6 is grounded through parallel capacitors C47-48 and is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R35, one end of a resistor R37 and one end of an inductor L13 respectively, the 1 st pin is grounded, the 3 rd pin is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R37, the 4 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C51, and the 5 th pin is grounded through parallel capacitors C49-50 and is electrically connected with the other end of a resistor R35, a VCC _3V3 node and a test interface TP2 respectively;
the other end of inductance L13 passes through electric capacity C46 ground connection and with VCC _ BAT contact electric connection, test interface TP14 respectively with VCC _ BAT contact and binding post J8's 1 st pin electric connection, test interface TP15 and binding post J8's 2 nd pin electric connection and ground connection, test interface TP4-6 all grounds, the one end that external power supply circuit was kept away from to binding post J8's 1 st-2 th pin is in proper order with the positive negative pole electric connection of power supply battery.
As shown in fig. 8, the attitude displacement monitoring circuit includes a gyroscope U13 with model number MPU _6050, resistors R70-74 and capacitors C71-72; a 23 th pin of the gyroscope U13 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R70 and one end of the resistor R74, a 24 th pin thereof is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R71 and one end of the resistor R73, a 12 th pin thereof is connected to one end of the resistor R72, an 8 th pin thereof is electrically connected to a 13 th pin thereof, a VCC _3V3 contact, the other end of the resistor R73 and the other end of the resistor R74, a 1 st, 9 th, 11 th and 18 th pins thereof are grounded, a 10 th pin thereof is electrically connected to the grounded capacitor C72, and a 20 th pin thereof is electrically connected to the grounded capacitor C71; the other end of the resistor R70, the other end of the resistor R71 and the other end of the resistor R72 are electrically connected with the MCU _ I2C2_ SDA contact, the MCU _ I2C2_ SCL contact and the MCU _ I2C2_ INT contact in sequence.
As shown in fig. 9, a method for temperature, voltage and position monitoring using a cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system, comprising the steps of:
s1: a temperature sensor in the terminal equipment is contacted and fixed with a cable joint, and temperature, voltage and attitude displacement data are measured in real time;
s2: transmitting the temperature data to a microprocessor circuit to be converted into temperature data in centigrade;
s3: monitoring whether the temperature data, the voltage data and the attitude displacement data exceed a preset data threshold range in real time, if so, sending a terminal device UID and a corresponding data abnormal signal to an LoRa communication circuit, and entering a step S4, otherwise, repeating the step S3;
the data abnormal signals comprise temperature abnormal signals corresponding to the temperature data, cable disconnection abnormal signals corresponding to the voltage data and cable attitude displacement abnormal signals corresponding to the attitude displacement data;
s4: the UID and the data abnormal signal are transmitted to the gateway through the LoRa communication circuit and are forwarded to the user side by the gateway;
s5: and carrying out exception processing according to the terminal equipment UID with the abnormal data to complete the temperature, voltage and position monitoring of the cable joint.
The gateway comprises a main gateway and a standby gateway, the main gateway and the standby gateway mutually send heartbeat to detect the network state of a counterpart in temperature monitoring, and if the network state of the main gateway is abnormal, the standby gateway is used for transmitting data;
and each terminal device UID is provided with unique corresponding position information, and an ACK confirmation retransmission mechanism and data encryption processing are arranged in the communication process of the LoRa communication circuit.
Preferably, the gateway and the user side adopt a 4G wireless communication mode, and data interaction can be normally carried out with the user side within a 4G coverage range.
When an alarm message is triggered, the device puts the state data of the device into a data packet and sends the data packet to the platform, when the device does not trigger the alarm message within a period of time, the device can actively send the state of the device to the platform to tell the platform that the device is still on line and receive an instruction sent by the platform, so that the platform can manage all terminal devices and gateway devices, and the state data comprises the electric quantity of the device and other running state data.
The embodiments described above are merely illustrative, and may or may not be physically separate, if referring to units illustrated as separate components; if reference is made to a component displayed as a unit, it may or may not be a physical unit, and may be located in one place or distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications of the technical solutions described in the embodiments or equivalent replacements of some technical features may still be made. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described alternative embodiments, and various other forms of products can be obtained by anyone in light of the present invention. The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined in the claims, and which the description is intended to be interpreted accordingly.
Claims (10)
1. A cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system characterized in that: the system comprises a plurality of terminal devices, two gateways and a user side; the terminal equipment is used for monitoring the temperature of the cable joint and monitoring the voltage on the cable line so as to achieve the purposes of monitoring whether the cable is disconnected or not and monitoring the movement condition of the cable to judge whether the cable is moved by a person or not so as to achieve the purpose of preventing burglary; the terminal equipment is in communication connection with the gateway, and the gateway is in communication connection with the user side.
2. The cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the shell of the terminal equipment is made of a high flame retardant material; the terminal equipment is provided with test interfaces TP2 and 4-15 which comprise a microprocessor circuit, an auxiliary power supply circuit, a temperature sensing circuit, an attitude displacement monitoring circuit, a LoRa communication circuit, a voltage monitoring circuit and an external power supply circuit; the microprocessor circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the auxiliary power supply circuit, the temperature sensing circuit, the LoRa communication circuit, the attitude displacement monitoring circuit and the voltage monitoring circuit, the auxiliary power supply circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the external power supply circuit and the LoRa communication circuit, and the external power supply circuit is respectively and electrically connected with the attitude displacement monitoring circuit and the power supply battery;
the voltage monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the voltage on the cable to monitor whether the cable is disconnected; the gesture displacement monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the movement condition of the cable and judging whether the cable is moved by a person or not so as to achieve the purpose of theft prevention; the temperature sensing circuit is used for monitoring the temperature at the cable joint.
3. The cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system of claim 2, wherein: the microprocessor circuit comprises a microprocessor U14, a capacitor C5, capacitors C17-18, capacitors C53-55, a capacitor C62, capacitors C68-70, a resistor R4, a resistor R9, a resistor R21, resistors R54-59, a diode D29, a button SW1-2, a crystal oscillator Y2 and a test interface TP7-TP 11;
the 1 st, 13 th, 19 th, 32 th and 64 th pins of the microprocessor U14 are all grounded through capacitors C5, 53-55, 68-69 in parallel and are electrically connected with VCC _ MCU junction, the 12 th, 18 th, 31 th, 47 th and 63 th pins are all grounded, the 14 th and 15 th pins are electrically connected with MCU _ UART _ TX junction and MCU _ UART _ RX junction in turn, the 16 th pin is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R54, the 17 th pin is electrically connected with DQ _ NST1001 junction and the other end of a resistor R54, the 20 th pin is electrically connected with nReset junction, the 22 th pin is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R21 and Reload junction, the 22 th, 23 th, 46 th and 49 th pins are electrically connected with WAKE junction, HOST _ WAKE junction, JTAG _ TMS junction and JTAG _ TCK junction in turn, the 26 th pin is electrically connected with the cathode of a diode D29, the 60 th pin is grounded through a resistor R56, the 7 th pin is electrically connected with the MCU _ NRST contact, the 6 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C17 and electrically connected with the 1 st pin of the crystal oscillator Y2, the 5 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C18 and electrically connected with the 3 rd pin of the crystal oscillator Y2, the 4 th pin is grounded through a resistor R69, the 3 rd pin is grounded through a resistor R68, the 25 th pin is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R55, the 1 st-2 th pin of a button SW2 and one end of a capacitor C65 respectively, the 8 th-11 th pin is electrically connected with the MCU _ I2C2_ SCL contact, the MCU _ I2C2_ SDA contact, the ADC _ CHK contact and the MCU _ I2C2_ INT contact in sequence, the 24 th pin is electrically connected with the Vo contact, and the 48 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C70 and electrically connected with the MCU _ NRST contact;
the other end of the resistor R21 is electrically connected with a VCC _ MCU junction, the anode of the diode D29 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU junction through a resistor R59, pins 2 and 4 of the crystal oscillator Y2 are both grounded, the pins 3-4 of the button SW2 and the other end of the capacitor C65 are both grounded, and the other end of the resistor R55 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU junction; the test interface TP7-10 is electrically connected with a VCC _ MCU contact, a JTAG _ TMS contact, a JTAG _ TCK contact and an MCU _ NRST contact in sequence, and the test interface TP11 is grounded; one end of the resistor R4 is electrically connected with the VCC _ BAT contact, and the other end of the resistor R4 is grounded through the resistor R9 and is electrically connected with the ADC _ CHK contact; one end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU contact, the other end of the resistor R57 is electrically connected with the MCU _ NRST contact, the 3 rd to 4 th pins of the button SW1 and one end of the capacitor C62 respectively, the other end of the capacitor C62 is grounded, and the 1 st to 2 th pins of the button SW1 are grounded through a resistor R58.
4. A cable splice temperature, voltage and position monitoring system according to claim 3, wherein: the auxiliary power supply circuit comprises an inductor L1, an inductor L14, a capacitor C1-2, a capacitor C21-22 and a capacitor C56-57; one end of the inductor L1 is electrically connected with the VCC _3V3 contact, and the other end of the inductor L1 is grounded through the parallel capacitor C1-2 and is electrically connected with the VCC _ MCU contact; one end of the inductor L14 is electrically connected to the VCC _3V3 contact, and the other end is grounded through the parallel capacitors C56, 57, 21, and 22 and electrically connected to the VCC _ LoRa contact.
5. The cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system of claim 4, wherein: the temperature sensing circuit comprises a test interface TP12-13, a temperature sensor U13 and a resistor R65; the 1 st pin of the temperature sensor U13 is electrically connected with a test interface TP12 and a DQ _ NST1001_ S contact respectively, and the 2 nd pin is grounded; the test interface TP13 is grounded, and two ends of the resistor R65 are electrically connected to the DQ _ NST1001_ S contact and the DQ _ NST1001 contact, respectively.
6. The cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system of claim 5, wherein: the LoRa communication circuit comprises a LoRa chip U11, a resistor R11, resistors R61-64 and a resistor R67; pins 1, 3, 11, 12, 17, 28, 29 and 44 of the LoRa chip U11 are all grounded, pins 19-21 and pins 23-24 thereof are electrically connected with a LoRa _ UART _ TX contact, a LoRa _ UART _ RX contact, a LoRa _ Reload contact, a LoRa _ WAKE contact and a LoRa _ HOST _ WAKE contact in sequence, pins 13-14 thereof are electrically connected with a VCC _ LoRa contact, and pin 4 thereof is electrically connected with a LoRa _ nReset contact;
the two ends of the resistor R67 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ nReset contact and an nReset contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R11 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ UART _ TX contact and an MCU _ UART _ RX contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R61 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ UART _ RX contact and an MCU _ UART _ TX contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R62 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ Reload contact and a Reload contact respectively, the two ends of the resistor R63 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ WAKE contact and a WAKE contact respectively, and the two ends of the resistor R64 are electrically connected with a LoRa _ HOST _ WAKE contact and a HOST _ WAKE contact respectively.
7. The cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system of claim 6, wherein: the voltage monitoring circuit comprises a precision micro current transformer U12, and the cable is arranged in a threading hole of the precision micro current transformer U12 in a penetrating manner; the 1 st pin of the precision miniature current transformer U12 is electrically connected with one end of the resistor R75 and the Vo contact respectively, and the 2 nd pin thereof is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R75 and grounded.
8. The cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system of claim 7, wherein: the external power supply circuit comprises a voltage stabilizing chip U6, capacitors C46-C51, an inductor L13, a resistor R35, a wiring terminal J8 and test interfaces TP2, 4-6 and 14-15; the 1 st pin of the voltage stabilizing chip U6 is grounded through parallel capacitors C47-48 and is electrically connected with one end of a resistor R35, one end of a resistor R37 and one end of an inductor L13 respectively, the 1 st pin is grounded, the 3 rd pin is electrically connected with the other end of the resistor R37, the 4 th pin is grounded through a capacitor C51, and the 5 th pin is grounded through parallel capacitors C49-50 and is electrically connected with the other end of a resistor R35, a VCC _3V3 node and a test interface TP2 respectively;
the other end of inductance L13 passes through electric capacity C46 ground connection and with VCC _ BAT contact electric connection, test interface TP14 respectively with VCC _ BAT contact and binding post J8's 1 st pin electric connection, test interface TP15 and binding post J8's 2 nd pin electric connection and ground connection, test interface TP4-6 all grounds, the one end that external power supply circuit was kept away from to binding post J8's 1 st-2 th pin is in proper order with the positive negative pole electric connection of power supply battery.
9. The cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system of claim 8, wherein: the attitude displacement monitoring circuit comprises a gyroscope U13, resistors R70-74 and capacitors C71-72; a 23 th pin of the gyroscope U13 is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R70 and one end of the resistor R74, a 24 th pin thereof is electrically connected to one end of the resistor R71 and one end of the resistor R73, a 12 th pin thereof is connected to one end of the resistor R72, an 8 th pin thereof is electrically connected to a 13 th pin thereof, a VCC _3V3 contact, the other end of the resistor R73 and the other end of the resistor R74, a 1 st, 9 th, 11 th and 18 th pins thereof are grounded, a 10 th pin thereof is electrically connected to the grounded capacitor C72, and a 20 th pin thereof is electrically connected to the grounded capacitor C71; the other end of the resistor R70, the other end of the resistor R71 and the other end of the resistor R72 are electrically connected with the MCU _ I2C2_ SDA contact, the MCU _ I2C2_ SCL contact and the MCU _ I2C2_ INT contact in sequence.
10. A method of temperature, voltage and position monitoring using the cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system of any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: a temperature sensor in the terminal equipment is contacted and fixed with a cable joint, and temperature, voltage and attitude displacement data are measured in real time;
s2: transmitting the temperature data to a microprocessor circuit to be converted into temperature data in centigrade;
s3: monitoring whether the temperature data, the voltage data and the attitude displacement data exceed a preset data threshold range in real time, if so, sending a terminal device UID and a corresponding data abnormal signal to an LoRa communication circuit, and entering a step S4, otherwise, repeating the step S3;
the data abnormal signals comprise temperature abnormal signals corresponding to the temperature data, cable disconnection abnormal signals corresponding to the voltage data and cable attitude displacement abnormal signals corresponding to the attitude displacement data;
s4: the UID and the data abnormal signal are transmitted to the gateway through the LoRa communication circuit and are forwarded to the user side by the gateway;
s5: carrying out exception processing according to the terminal equipment UID with the data exception to complete the temperature, voltage and position monitoring of the cable joint;
the gateway comprises a main gateway and a standby gateway, the main gateway and the standby gateway mutually send heartbeat to detect the network state of a counterpart in temperature monitoring, and if the network state of the main gateway is abnormal, the standby gateway is used for transmitting data;
and each terminal device UID is provided with unique corresponding position information, and an ACK confirmation retransmission mechanism and data encryption processing are arranged in the communication process of the LoRa communication circuit.
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| CN202110048567.6A CN112881950A (en) | 2021-01-14 | 2021-01-14 | Cable joint temperature, voltage and position monitoring system and method |
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