CN112877575A - Mg-Al series magnesium alloy and preparation method and application of pipe thereof - Google Patents

Mg-Al series magnesium alloy and preparation method and application of pipe thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112877575A
CN112877575A CN202110040804.4A CN202110040804A CN112877575A CN 112877575 A CN112877575 A CN 112877575A CN 202110040804 A CN202110040804 A CN 202110040804A CN 112877575 A CN112877575 A CN 112877575A
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magnesium alloy
source
series
bar
pipe
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CN112877575B (en
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房大庆
张晓茹
丁向东
杨军
刘鹏
龚保罗
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Dingtai Jiangsu Light Alloy Co ltd
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Dingtai Jiangsu Light Alloy Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110040804.4A priority Critical patent/CN112877575B/en
Publication of CN112877575A publication Critical patent/CN112877575A/en
Priority to AU2022208124A priority patent/AU2022208124A1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/071812 priority patent/WO2022152212A1/en
Priority to CA3205147A priority patent/CA3205147A1/en
Priority to EP22739088.7A priority patent/EP4279622A1/en
Priority to KR1020237027369A priority patent/KR20230131244A/en
Priority to CN202280009957.5A priority patent/CN116761905A/en
Priority to JP2023565644A priority patent/JP2024503546A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C23/00Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/02Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/02Making uncoated products
    • B21C23/20Making uncoated products by backward extrusion
    • B21C23/205Making products of generally elongated shape
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C23/00Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
    • B21C23/002Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of Mg-Al series magnesium alloy and a pipe thereof, belonging to the technical field of alloy materials. The magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7.0-8.6% of Al, 0.8-2.0% of RE, 0.2-0.8% of Mn and the balance of Mg, wherein the elongation of the magnesium alloy is 15-22%. The preparation method of the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipe comprises the following steps: mixing an Al source, an RE source, an Mn source and an Mg source, and then smelting into liquid mixed metal; semi-continuously casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar; carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 360-400 ℃ for 6-10 h; and extruding and forming the heat-treated bar to obtain the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipe. The Mg-Al magnesium alloy has high elongation, the elongation can reach 15-22% after being formed into a pipe, and the pipe can bear large plastic deformation; meanwhile, the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy has excellent welding performance, the welding loss rate is lower than 6%, the loss of the strength of the magnesium alloy section after welding is greatly reduced, and the strength of the magnesium alloy section after welding is ensured. The magnesium alloy can be used in the fields of vehicle equipment and medical appliances.

Description

Mg-Al series magnesium alloy and preparation method and application of pipe thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to an Mg-Al series magnesium alloy, a preparation method of a magnesium alloy pipe and application of the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy, belonging to the technical field of alloy materials.
Background
Magnesium alloys are by far the lightest metallic construction materials, with densities corresponding only to 2/3 for aluminum, 1/4 for steel, and with high specific strength and specific stiffness. In addition, the magnesium alloy has excellent damping property, machinability, thermal conductivity, easy recovery, easy regeneration and other excellent performances, and the application field of the magnesium alloy is gradually expanded.
The magnesium alloy mainly comprises Mg-Al series magnesium alloy and Mg-Zn-Zr series magnesium alloy, and the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is widely applied due to lower preparation cost and simpler preparation method. However, the traditional Mg-Al series alloy has poor elongation and is easy to break when being subjected to external impact deformation or cyclic loading; in addition, magnesium alloys are generally connected with each other by welding during application, and the welding loss rate of the traditional Mg-Al series alloys is high after welding, so that not only is a large amount of resources wasted, but also the welding firmness and the appearance aesthetic feeling are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems of the existing Mg-Al series magnesium alloy, the invention provides the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy with high elongation and low welding loss rate and provides a preparation method of the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipe; in addition, the application of the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy in the fields of vehicle equipment and medical instruments is also provided.
The technical scheme is as follows: the Mg-Al magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7.0-8.6% of Al, 0.8-2.0% of RE, 0.2-0.8% of Mn and the balance of Mg, wherein the elongation of the magnesium alloy is 15-22%.
Optionally, the elongation of the Mg-Al magnesium alloy is 17-21.6%.
Optionally, the welding loss rate of the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is less than 6%.
Optionally, the yield strength of the Mg-Al magnesium alloy is 182-235MPa, and the tensile strength is 306-342 MPa.
Preferably, the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy contains 7.0 to 8.2 weight percent of Al, 1.1 to 2.0 weight percent of RE and 0.4 to 0.8 weight percent of Mn. Magnesium alloys with the above parameters range can achieve lower weld loss (less than 5.5%), higher elongation and higher strength.
More preferably, the weight percentage content of Al in the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is 7.8-8.2%, the weight percentage content of RE in the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is 1.3-1.9%, and the weight percentage content of Mn in the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is 0.5-0.8%; and the weight percentage of Y in RE is 0.8-1.6%, and the weight percentage of Ce is 0-0.8%. At the moment, the elongation of the obtained magnesium alloy is 17.4-21.6%, the welding loss rate is less than 5%, the yield strength reaches 220-235MPa, and the tensile strength reaches 320-342 MPa.
More preferably, the weight percentage content of Al in the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is 7.8-8.2%, the weight percentage content of RE in the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is 1.5-1.9%, and the weight percentage content of Mn in the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is 0.5-0.8%; and the weight percentage of Y in RE is 0.8 percent, and the weight percentage of Ce is 0.5-0.8 percent. In this case, the welding loss of the magnesium alloy is 4.3% or less.
Optionally, in the magnesium alloy, RE includes at least one of La, Ce, Nd, Y, Gd, Ho, Dy, and Er. RE is mainly Y and Ce, and other rare earth elements are trace.
The invention relates to a preparation method of Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipes, which comprises the following steps:
according to the weight percentage of elements of 7.0-8.6% of Al, 0.8-2.0% of RE, 0.2-0.8% of Mn and the balance of Mg, mixing and smelting an Al source, an RE source, a Mn source and a Mg source into liquid mixed metal;
semi-continuously casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar;
carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 360-400 ℃ for 6-10 h;
and carrying out extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe.
The invention relates to an application of an Mg-Al magnesium alloy, which applies the Mg-Al magnesium alloy to the fields of vehicle equipment and medical instruments.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the Mg-Al magnesium alloy has high elongation, and the elongation of a formed pipe can reach 15-22%, so that the magnesium alloy can bear large plastic deformation; meanwhile, the welding loss rate of the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is very low and is lower than 6 percent, so that the loss of the strength of the magnesium alloy section after welding is greatly reduced, and the strength of the magnesium alloy section after welding is ensured; in addition, the Mg-Al magnesium alloy also has higher strength, the yield strength reaches 182-232 MPa, and the tensile strength reaches 306-340 MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation process of the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 7.0 to 8.6 percent of Al, 0.8 to 2.0 percent of RE, 0.2 to 0.8 percent of Mn and the balance of Mg.
Specifically, RE (rare earth element) and Mn are added into Mg-Al series alloy with a certain proportion, so that the plasticity and the strength of the magnesium alloy are improved, and the welding loss rate of the alloy is reduced.
The addition of Mn can remove the impurity element Fe element introduced during the semi-continuous casting, and is beneficial to the welding performance and the mechanical property, thereby reducing the welding loss rate; meanwhile, Mn does not form a compound in magnesium, can be used as heterogeneous nucleation particles to refine crystal grains, promotes dynamic recrystallization when being extruded into a pipe, refines the crystal grains, weakens the texture, and improves the strength and the plasticity.
The addition of RE can refine the grain size of the magnesium alloy, improve the appearance of a beta strengthening phase of the magnesium alloy and improve the strength and plasticity of the magnesium alloy. The strength of the magnesium alloy can be embodied by yield strength and tensile strength, after the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy provided by the invention is formed into a pipe, the yield strength range of the pipe is 182-235MPa, preferably, the yield strength range of the pipe is 220-235 MPa; meanwhile, the tensile strength range of the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipe is 306-342MPa, and preferably 320-340 MPa. The elongation is directly related to the plasticity of the magnesium alloy, after the Mg-Al magnesium alloy provided by the invention is formed into a pipe, the elongation of the pipe can reach 15-22%, and preferably, the elongation of the Mg-Al magnesium alloy pipe is 17-21.6%; the high elongation rate enables the magnesium alloy to bear larger plastic deformation, and the application range of the magnesium alloy is improved.
The welding strength loss rate is the strength loss rate of the welded sample compared with the original sample after the magnesium alloy section is welded. The Mg-Al magnesium alloy provided by the invention has the welding strength loss rate of less than 6%, preferably, the welding strength loss rate of less than 5%, and more preferably, the welding strength loss rate of less than 4.3%. Due to the addition of the RE element, the magnesium alloy provided by the embodiment of the invention forms an Al-RE high-temperature stable phase during high-temperature welding, and the high-temperature stable phase is pinned at a crystal boundary, so that the growth of magnesium alloy grains in the welding process is hindered; and the RE element can greatly refine the size of the beta strengthening phase in the magnesium alloy and simultaneously avoid the growth of the beta strengthening phase in the high-temperature welding process, thereby reducing the loss of the strength of the magnesium alloy section after welding and ensuring the strength of the magnesium alloy section after welding.
Optionally, the weight percentage of Al in the Mg-Al magnesium alloy of the present invention is in a range of 7.0 to 8.6%, and preferably, the weight percentage of Al in the Mg-Al magnesium alloy is in a range of 7.0 to 8.2%; more preferably, the weight percentage of Al ranges from 7.8 to 8.2%.
Specifically, when the weight percentage of Al in the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is controlled in a certain range, the combination of the Al element and the Mg element has a second phase strengthening effect, and a beta strengthening phase in the optimal state (moderate volume fraction, shape and size) can be obtained in the magnesium alloy forming process, so that the strength of the magnesium alloy is improved. Meanwhile, Al element of a solid solution part in the magnesium matrix can play a role in solid solution strengthening and plasticity improvement. When the weight percentage of Al in the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is too high, for example, the weight percentage of Al in the magnesium alloy is more than 8.6 percent, because coarse eutectic beta phase is precipitated, on one hand, after welding, the bonding capability of the precipitated phase and the interface of a matrix is weakened, microscopic holes are easily formed on the interface of the matrix and the beta phase, the welding loss rate is increased, on the other hand, the coarse beta phase can cause stress concentration in the service process, plastic instability occurs in advance, and meanwhile, the elongation is reduced. When the weight percentage of the Al in the magnesium alloy is too low, for example less than 7%, the Al element in the crystal is reduced, so that the plasticity is not favorably improved, meanwhile, the number of precipitated phases is small, the grain refinement degree is reduced, the second-phase strengthening effect is difficult to play, and the strength of the magnesium alloy is not favorably improved; in addition, the grain growth of the alloy containing less precipitated phases is more remarkable after welding, thereby causing an increase in the welding loss rate.
Optionally, the weight percentage of RE in the Mg-Al magnesium alloy of the present invention is in a range of 0.8 to 2.0%, preferably, the weight percentage of RE in the Mg-Al magnesium alloy is in a range of 1.1 to 2.0%, and more preferably, the weight percentage of RE is in a range of 1.3 to 1.9%. Specifically, after RE is added into the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy, the RE element has a unique electronic arrangement structure and chemical characteristics, and the addition of a proper amount of rare earth element into the magnesium alloy can enhance the interatomic bonding force, reduce the diffusion speed of magnesium atoms, improve the recrystallization temperature of the magnesium alloy, slow down the growth speed of recrystallization and obviously improve the formability and corrosion resistance of the magnesium alloy; and RE is generally distributed in a crystal boundary, so that the grain size of the magnesium alloy can be refined, the coordination capability among all grains of the magnesium alloy is improved, and the RE can also form a thermally stable beta strengthening phase in the magnesium alloy forming process, so that the strength and the plasticity of the magnesium alloy are improved.
RE may include at least one of La, Ce, Nd, Y, Gd, Ho, Dy, and Er. Specifically, RE elements in the Mg-Al magnesium alloy mainly comprise Y and Ce, wherein the weight percentage of Y is 0.8-1.6%, and the weight percentage of Ce is 0-0.8%.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a preparation method of a Mg-Al series magnesium alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s101, mixing an Al source, an RE source, an Mn source and an Mg source according to the weight percentage of Al 7.0-8.6%, RE 0.8-2.0%, Mn 0.2-0.8% and Mg balance, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the mixed liquid metal into a cast ingot;
s103, homogenizing and heat-treating the ingot at a first temperature;
s104, extruding and forming the ingot after heat treatment to obtain the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy.
Specifically, the casting process in S102 can be realized by a semi-continuous casting process, and by adopting the semi-continuous process, due to rapid water cooling, the obtained crystal grains have small sizes, and the fine crystal grains can simultaneously improve the strength and the elongation of the alloy. In S103, the first temperature range is 360-400 ℃, the heat treatment time is 6-10h, the content of Al element in the matrix can be increased by adopting the heat treatment process before extrusion, the slip system is increased, and the elongation of the alloy is improved.
When preparing Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipes, in step S102, the ingot is a bar, namely, the liquid mixed metal is cast into the bar; and step S104, performing reverse extrusion forming on the bar after the heat treatment to obtain the Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipe. The technological parameters of the backward extrusion forming comprise extrusion temperature, extrusion ratio and extrusion speed, wherein the extrusion temperature range is 280-330 ℃, the extrusion ratio is 49:1, and the extrusion speed range is 8-15 mm/s.
The following takes the preparation of Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipe as an example, and the magnesium alloy provided by the present invention is described in detail through specific examples and comparative examples. The magnesium alloy pipe obtained by the preparation method provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher elongation and can bear larger plastic deformation, and the magnesium alloy pipe has lower welding loss rate, so that the application range of the magnesium alloy is improved; meanwhile, the magnesium alloy has higher yield strength and tensile strength.
Example 1
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 91.7g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 2
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.4g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 91.3g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at 360 ℃ for 10 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 8mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 280 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 3
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 91.9g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 4
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 8.2g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 90.5g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at 380 ℃ for 6 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 10mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 330 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 5
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 8.6g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 90.1g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 6
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 1.2g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 90.5g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 7
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 1.6g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 90.1g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 8
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.3g of Ce (1.1 percent of RE), 0.5g of Mn and 90.6g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 9
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 1.2g of Y, 0.3g of Ce (1.5 percent of RE), 0.5g of Mn and 90.2g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 10
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce (1.3 percent of RE), 0.5g of Mn and 90.4g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 11
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.8g of Ce (1.6 percent of RE), 0.5g of Mn and 90.1g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 12
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce, 0.1g of La (RE 1.4%), 0.5g of Mn and 90.3g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 13
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce, 0.1g of La, 0.1g of Nd (RE 1.5%), 0.5g of Mn and 90.2g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 14
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce, 0.1g of La, 0.1g of Nd, 0.1g of Gd (RE 1.6%), 0.5g of Mn and 90.1g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 15
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce, 0.1g of La, 0.1g of Nd, 0.1g of Gd, 0.1g of Ho (RE 1.7%), 0.5g of Mn and 90.1g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 16
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce, 0.1g of La, 0.1g of Nd, 0.1g of Gd, 0.1g of Ho, 0.1g of Dy (RE 1.8%), 0.5g of Mn and 90.0g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 17
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce, 0.1g of La, 0.1g of Nd, 0.1g of Gd, 0.1g of Ho, 0.1g of Dy, 0.1g of Er (1.9 percent of RE), 0.5g of Mn and 89.9g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 18
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 8.0g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce (1.3 percent of RE), 0.5g of Mn and 90.4g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 19
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 8.0g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce, 0.1g of La, 0.1g of Nd, 0.1g of Gd, 0.1g of Ho, 0.1g of Dy, 0.1g of Er (1.9 percent of RE), 0.5g of Mn and 89.6g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 20
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 8.2g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce, 0.1g of La, 0.1g of Nd, 0.1g of Gd (RE 1.6%), 0.5g of Mn and 89.7g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 21
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce (1.3 percent of RE), 0.2g of Mn and 90.7g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 22
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce (1.3 percent of RE), 0.4g of Mn and 90.5g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Example 23
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7.8g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Ce (1.3 percent of RE), 0.8g of Mn and 90.1g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Comparative example 1
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 6.5g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 92.2g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Comparative example 2
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 9.6g of Al, 0.8g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 89.1g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Comparative example 3
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7g of Al, 0.5g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 92.0g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Comparative example 4
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7g of Al, 2.3g of Y, 0.5g of Mn and 90.2g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
Comparative example 5
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy comprises: 7g of Al, 0.8g of Y and 92.2g of Mg.
The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is obtained by the following preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s101, uniformly mixing an Al source, a Y source, a Mn source and a Mg source, and smelting the mixed raw materials into liquid mixed metal;
s102, casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar through a semi-continuous casting process;
s103, carrying out heat treatment on the bar material at the temperature of 400 ℃ for 8 h;
s104, carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar at the speed of 12mm/S to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe, wherein the extrusion temperature is 300 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is 49:1.
TABLE 1 Mg-Al series magnesium alloys of examples 1 to 20 and magnesium alloy performance parameters of comparative examples 1 to 5
Figure BDA0002895264860000131
Figure BDA0002895264860000141
As can be seen from Table 1, the yield strengths of the magnesium alloy pipes of examples 1 to 23 can reach more than 182MPa, and the yield strength of the magnesium alloy pipe of example 19 reaches 235 MPa; the tensile strength can reach more than 306MPa, and the tensile strength of the magnesium alloy pipe in the embodiment 19 reaches 342 MPa; the elongation is more than 15 percent, and the elongation of the magnesium alloy pipe in the embodiment 17 reaches 21.6 percent; the welding loss rates of the magnesium alloy pipes of examples 1 to 23 were less than 6%, and the welding loss rates of the magnesium alloy pipes of examples 15 to 17, examples 19 to 20 and example 23 were 4% or less, and were as low as 3.5%.
Comparing the embodiment 1 with the comparative examples 1-2, in the comparative example 1, the yield strength and the tensile strength of the magnesium alloy are lower due to the lower content of the added Al, the yield strength and the tensile strength are respectively as low as 165Mpa and 287Mpa, and the welding loss rate is increased; in comparative example 2, since the content of Al added was too high, the magnesium alloy was deteriorated in plasticity, and the elongation was reduced to 12.7%, and at the same time, the welding loss rate was remarkably increased to 7.3%.
Comparing the embodiment 1 with the comparative examples 3-4, in the comparative example 3, because the content of the added RE is too low, the yield strength and the tensile strength of the magnesium alloy are low, the plasticity is poor, the elongation is only 13.9%, and meanwhile, the welding loss rate is increased; in comparative example 4, the RE content was too high, and although the yield strength and tensile strength of the magnesium alloy were improved, the formability was significantly deteriorated, the elongation was only 12.8%, and the weld loss rate was also increased.
Comparing example 1 with comparative example 5, in comparative example 5, since Mn is not added, the overall performance of the magnesium alloy is reduced, wherein the elongation is remarkably reduced, and the welding loss rate is remarkably increased to exceed 6%.
The Mg-Al magnesium alloy can be applied to the fields of vehicle equipment and medical appliances, for example, the Mg-Al magnesium alloy is formed into bars, and a plurality of magnesium alloy bars can be used as bearing members and supporting members of equipment such as wheelchairs, stretchers, bicycles, mountain bikes and the like after being welded, so that the weight of the equipment is reduced, and the strength and the stability of the equipment are ensured.

Claims (9)

1. The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 7.0-8.6% of Al, 0.8-2.0% of RE, 0.2-0.8% of Mn and the balance of Mg, wherein the elongation of the magnesium alloy is 15-22%.
2. The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the weight percentage of Al in the magnesium alloy is 7.0 to 8.2%, the weight percentage of RE is 1.1 to 2.0%, and the weight percentage of Mn in the magnesium alloy is 0.4 to 0.8%.
3. The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy according to claim 2, wherein the weight percentage of Al in the magnesium alloy is 7.8-8.2%, the weight percentage of RE is 1.3-1.9%, and the weight percentage of Mn is 0.5-0.8%; the weight percentage of Y in RE is 0.8-1.6%, and the weight percentage of Ce is 0-0.8%.
4. The Mg-Al magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein an elongation of the magnesium alloy is 17 to 21.6%.
5. The Mg-Al based magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein a welding loss rate of the magnesium alloy is less than 6%.
6. The Mg-Al series magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the yield strength of the magnesium alloy is 182 to 235MPa, and the tensile strength is 306 to 342 MPa.
7. The Mg-Al based magnesium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the RE includes at least one of La, Ce, Nd, Y, Gd, Ho, Dy, and Er.
8. A preparation method of Mg-Al series magnesium alloy pipes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the weight percentage of elements, Al is 7.0-8.6%, RE is 0.8-2.0%, Mn is 0.2-0.8%, and Mg is the rest, Al source, RE source, Mn source and Mg source are mixed and smelted into liquid mixed metal;
semi-continuously casting the liquid mixed metal into a bar;
carrying out homogenization heat treatment on the bar at the temperature of 360-400 ℃ for 6-10 h;
and carrying out reverse extrusion forming on the heat-treated bar to obtain the magnesium alloy pipe.
9. Use of the Mg-Al based magnesium alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the fields of vehicle equipment and medical instruments.
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