CN112876155A - Concrete with cracking resistance and freezing resistance - Google Patents

Concrete with cracking resistance and freezing resistance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112876155A
CN112876155A CN202110089861.1A CN202110089861A CN112876155A CN 112876155 A CN112876155 A CN 112876155A CN 202110089861 A CN202110089861 A CN 202110089861A CN 112876155 A CN112876155 A CN 112876155A
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concrete
fiber
prepared
crack
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CN112876155B (en
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钟敏
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Guangzhou Yue Concrete Co ltd
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Guangzhou Yue Concrete Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/0048—Fibrous materials
    • C04B20/0068—Composite fibres, e.g. fibres with a core and sheath of different material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
    • C04B20/1022—Non-macromolecular compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
    • C04B20/10—Coating or impregnating
    • C04B20/1018—Coating or impregnating with organic materials
    • C04B20/1029—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B20/104—Natural resins, e.g. tall oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2103/601—Agents for increasing frost resistance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
    • C04B2111/00293—Materials impermeable to liquids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
    • C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
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Abstract

The application relates to the field of concrete, and specifically discloses concrete with anti-cracking and anti-freezing properties, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement 310-containing materials, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 70-90 parts of mineral powder, 680 parts of river sand-containing materials, 1060 parts of gravels, 1150 parts of water 140-containing materials, 5.2-9.6 parts of water reducing agent, 2.7-3.3 parts of antifreeze agent and 15-22 parts of composite fibers; the composite fiber comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of polylactic acid fiber and 16-28 parts of modified asbestos fiber; when the concrete is matched with a steel bar framework for use, the concrete has the anti-cracking performance and the anti-freezing performance at the same time.

Description

Concrete with cracking resistance and freezing resistance
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of concrete, and more particularly, it relates to a concrete having crack and freeze resistance.
Background
With the development of society, concrete is widely used in the projects of house construction, factory buildings, highways, bridges, harbor wharfs and the like.
When building a house building by using concrete, the concrete is often used in combination with a steel reinforcement framework, so that the stability of the house building is improved; when the concrete is constructed in an environment with large day-night temperature difference, the concrete is required to have a good anti-freezing effect, the existing concrete anti-freezing agent mainly comprises chlorine salt and nitrite, the anti-freezing effect of the chlorine salt is superior to that of the nitrite, but the addition of the chlorine salt can lead the concrete to contain free chloride ions, the free chloride ions are easy to permeate and migrate in a capillary pore structure in the concrete, and when the chloride ions reach the surface of the steel bar, the passive film on the surface of the steel bar is easy to damage, so that the surface of the steel bar is corroded; after the steel bars are corroded, the steel bars can expand in volume, and concrete cracks are caused.
Therefore, the development of concrete which is matched with a steel bar framework and has the anti-cracking performance and the anti-freezing performance is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make the concrete when using with the framework of steel reinforcement cooperation, have simultaneously concurrently and prevent fracture performance and freeze proof ability, this application provides a concrete with prevent the frost resistance of fracture.
The application provides a concrete with prevent ftractureing frost resistance adopts following technical scheme:
the concrete with the crack and frost resistance is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement 310-containing materials, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 70-90 parts of mineral powder, 680 parts of river sand-containing materials, 1060 parts of gravels, 1150 parts of water 140-containing materials, 5.2-9.6 parts of water reducing agent, 2.7-3.3 parts of antifreeze agent and 15-22 parts of composite fibers; the composite fiber comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of polylactic acid fiber and 16-28 parts of modified asbestos fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the composite fiber and the antifreeze agent are matched, so that the concrete has good anti-cracking performance and good antifreeze performance; the composite fiber can provide space storage for iron rust on the surface of the steel bar, can also be connected with a capillary pore channel inside concrete, avoids the generation of cracks in the internal structure of the concrete, and simultaneously is matched with an antifreeze agent to ensure that the concrete has good antifreeze performance.
The polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber are matched, and a space network structure can be formed by utilizing the good bending property and the good elastic modulus of the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber; the passive film on reinforcing bar surface is ferroferric oxide, the hydroxyl in the polylactic acid fibre and the iron ion in the ferroferric oxide produce the attraction, thereby make the space network structure that polylactic acid fibre and modified asbestos fibre formed adhere to on the reinforcing bar surface, the better connection effect of cooperation composite fiber, make the better bonding of substances such as reinforcing bar and cement granule, when the reinforcing bar surface is corroded to produce the iron rust, space network structure can provide the space for the volume expansion of iron rust and store, nevertheless can not extrude concrete inner structure, thereby avoid the volume expansion of iron rust to make the inside crack that appears of concrete, influence the anti-cracking performance of concrete.
Polylactic acid fiber and modified asbestos fiber cooperate, can further maintain the alkaline environment of concrete inner structure, and under the better alkaline environment, the passive film on reinforcing bar surface is more stable to make reinforcing bar surface be difficult to be corroded and generate rust.
Preferably, the composite fiber further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of polyethylene glycol.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyethylene glycol, the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber are matched, and the better bonding effect of the polyethylene glycol is utilized to provide bonding and support for the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber, so that the composite fiber is conveniently attached to the surface of the steel bar; meanwhile, the polyethylene glycol improves the flexibility and plasticity of the composite fiber space network structure, when the space network structure is extruded by the expansion of the rust, the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber can move, but excessive extrusion can not be generated on the internal structure of the concrete, so that the space network structure can better provide a storage space for the volume expansion of the rust, and the volume expansion of the rust is avoided to cause the internal part of the concrete to generate cracks.
Preferably, the modified asbestos fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing 2-6 parts of acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester, placing the acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester in 45-65 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution; weighing 35-55 parts of asbestos fiber, drying, placing in an irradiation container, adding the mixed solution, degassing in vacuum, injecting nitrogen, and irradiating for 25-35min under the condition that the energy of an electron beam is 1.7MeV to obtain the modified asbestos fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the asbestos fiber is subjected to surface grafting modification, acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester is grafted, and the surface area of the grafted asbestos fiber is increased, so that more volume expansion caused by rust on the surface of the coated steel bar can be realized; and acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester grafted on the surface of the asbestos fiber enables the asbestos fiber to be connected with hydroxyl, so that the modified asbestos fiber can also generate an attraction effect with ferroferric oxide, the composite fiber is better attached to the surface of the steel bar, a space network structure formed by the composite fiber is ensured to provide a better storage space for the volume expansion of the rust, the rust generated by the corrosion of the steel bar is avoided, the internal structure of the concrete is prevented from generating cracks, and the concrete has a good anti-cracking effect.
Preferably, the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing polyethylene glycol, spraying the polyethylene glycol on the surface of polylactic acid fiber to obtain mixed fiber, weighing modified asbestos fiber, placing the modified asbestos fiber in the mixed fiber, stirring and mixing for 5-12min at the rotating speed of 650-850r/min, and drying to obtain the composite fiber.
By adopting the technical scheme, the polyethylene glycol is sprayed on the surface of the polylactic acid fiber and then is mixed with the modified asbestos fiber, the composite fiber is promoted to be wound and folded to form a space network structure by utilizing the better bonding effect of the polyethylene glycol, and the mixture is stirred for 5-12min under the condition of 650 plus materials 850r/min, so that the composite fiber has better forming effect, and the winding and folding of the space network structure are not damaged to influence the plasticity of the space network structure.
Preferably, the I is dried to prepare a semi-finished composite fiber, 3-7 parts of rosin ethanol solution is weighed and sprayed on the surface of the semi-finished composite fiber, and the composite fiber is prepared after drying.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, at semi-manufactured goods composite fiber surface spraying rosin ethanol solution, then rosin ethanol solution solidification is the pine fragrant membrane after the stoving, the rosin membrane is attached to semi-manufactured goods composite fiber surface, along with emission of cement hydration heat, make the rosin membrane melt gradually, make semi-manufactured goods composite fiber surface's viscidity improve after the rosin membrane melts, be convenient for the composite fiber better with the cement granule in the concrete, the grit granule bonds mutually, when the inside crack trend that appears of concrete, utilize the better bonding effect of the higher elastic modulus cooperation of composite fiber, can produce relative pulling force to the crack, avoid the slight crack of concrete inner structure to take place to extend, influence the mechanical strength of concrete, impervious effect.
Preferably, the rosin ethanol solution is prepared by the following method:
grinding rosin to powder with the particle size of 5-50mm, then weighing 35-50 parts of rosin powder, adding into 50-60 parts of absolute ethanol, then adding 3-5 parts of turpentine, and stirring at the rotating speed of 800-.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rosin is ground into powder with the particle size of 5-50mm, so that the rosin can be dissolved conveniently, the turpentine is added, the dissolving efficiency of the rosin is improved, and the rosin ethanol solution is stirred at the rotating speed of 800-1200r/min to improve the processing efficiency of the rosin ethanol solution.
Preferably, the concrete further comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of silicon micro powder and 2-5 parts of shell powder.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silica powder, the shell powder and the composite fibers are matched, and the fine cracks of the internal structure of the concrete are filled by utilizing the connection effect of the composite fibers and the filling effect of the silica powder and the shell powder, so that the concrete has a good anti-cracking effect.
Shell powder, silica flour cooperate, can fill in the slight crack of concrete inner structure, when chloride ion migration in the inside capillary pore passageway of concrete, the porous structure of shell powder and silica flour inside can be collected chloride ion, and chloride ion stops in the pore structure of shell powder and silica flour, avoids chloride ion migration and reinforcing bar contact in the concrete is inside to avoid the reinforcing bar to be corroded, make the concrete have better anti-cracking effect.
Preferably, the antifreeze agent consists of ammonium chloride, calcium nitrite and butyl acetate in the weight ratio of 1 (0.2-0.7) to (0.1-0.4).
By adopting the technical scheme, the ammonium chloride, the calcium nitrite, the polyethylene glycol and the butyl acetate are matched, so that the concrete has a good anti-freezing effect.
Preferably, the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, polycarboxylate water reducing agent can reduce the mix water quantity, is showing the compressive strength who improves the concrete.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. the composite fiber and the antifreeze agent are matched, so that the concrete has good anti-cracking performance and good antifreeze performance; the composite fiber can provide space storage for iron rust on the surface of the steel bar, can also be connected with a capillary pore channel inside concrete, avoids the generation of cracks in the internal structure of the concrete, and simultaneously is matched with an antifreeze agent to ensure that the concrete has good antifreeze performance.
2. Polylactic acid fibre and modified asbestos fibre cooperate for composite fiber can become the bridge of connecting reinforcing bar and cement granule, composite fiber can be with the firm connection of reinforcing bar in concrete inner structure, after the iron rust on reinforcing bar surface produced the volume expansion, the space network structure that iron rust extrusion composite fiber formed, but can not extrude concrete inner structure, the stronger binding effect of cooperation composite fiber, make composite fiber can avoid the inside crack that produces of concrete, thereby make the concrete have higher anti-cracking performance.
3. The polyethylene glycol is matched with the rosin ethanol solution, so that the weight of the composite fiber is improved, and the condition that the composite fiber floats on the upper surface of a concrete mixture after concrete is poured to influence the contact effect of the composite fiber and the surface of a reinforcing steel bar is avoided.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Examples of preparation of modified asbestos fibers
The asbestos fiber in the following raw materials is purchased from Senxin chemical mining company of Dunhuang city, and the length of the fiber is 1.4-5 mm; the absolute ethyl alcohol is purchased from Qili chemical industry Co., Ltd, Dongguan city, and the content is 95%; 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate is purchased from the Zhuang Shang Yuan chemical Co., Ltd, and has the purity of 98%; other raw materials and equipment are all sold in the market.
Preparation example 1: the modified asbestos fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing 4.5kg of acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester, placing the acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester in 55kg of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring for 3min at the rotating speed of 550r/min to prepare a mixed solution;
weighing 45kg of asbestos fiber, drying for 20min at 55 ℃, placing the dried asbestos fiber in an irradiation container, adding the prepared mixed solution, capping by using a film with small holes, vacuumizing, degassing in vacuum, injecting nitrogen, sealing, placing on an oscillator, and irradiating by using a JJ-2 type electron electrostatic accelerator with the electron beam energy of 1.7MeV for 30min to obtain the modified asbestos fiber.
Preparation example 2: the modified asbestos fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing 2kg of acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester, placing the 2kg of acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester in 45kg of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring for 3min at the rotating speed of 550r/min to prepare a mixed solution;
weighing 35kg of asbestos fiber, drying for 20min at 55 ℃, placing the dried asbestos fiber in an irradiation container, adding the prepared mixed solution, capping by using a film with small holes, vacuumizing, degassing in vacuum, injecting nitrogen, sealing, placing on an oscillator, and irradiating by using a JJ-2 type electron electrostatic accelerator with the electron beam energy of 1.7MeV for 25min to obtain the modified asbestos fiber.
Preparation example 3: the modified asbestos fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing 6kg of acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester, placing the acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester in 65kg of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring for 3min at the rotating speed of 550r/min to prepare a mixed solution;
weighing 55kg of asbestos fiber, drying for 20min at 55 ℃, placing the dried asbestos fiber in an irradiation container, adding the prepared mixed solution, capping by using a film with small holes, vacuumizing, degassing in vacuum, injecting nitrogen, sealing, placing on an oscillator, and irradiating by using a JJ-2 type electron electrostatic accelerator with the electron beam energy of 1.7MeV for 35min to obtain the modified asbestos fiber.
Preparation example of composite fiber
The polylactic acid fiber in the following raw materials is purchased from polylactic acid short fiber produced by Shaoxing favorite textile science and technology limited, and the length of the polylactic acid short fiber is 6 mm; polyethylene glycol is purchased from Haian petrochemical plants of Jiangsu province, and the specification of the polyethylene glycol is PEG 800; rosin is purchased from Hengshuihuaze rubber chemical Co., Ltd; the absolute ethyl alcohol is purchased from Xianhao Lin chemical raw materials, Inc., and the content is 99.5 percent; turpentine oil is purchased from Shandong Liang New Material science and technology Limited with a content of 99%; other raw materials and equipment are all sold in the market.
Preparation example 4: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
20kg of polylactic acid fiber and 22kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in preparation example 1 were weighed, mixed and stirred at a rotation speed of 550r/min for 8min to prepare a composite fiber.
Preparation example 5: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
15kg of polylactic acid fiber and 16kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in preparation example 2 were weighed, mixed and stirred at a rotation speed of 550r/min for 5min to prepare a composite fiber.
Preparation example 6: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
25kg of polylactic acid fiber and 28kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in preparation example 3 were weighed, mixed and stirred at a rotation speed of 550r/min for 12min to prepare a composite fiber.
Preparation example 7: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing 3.5kg of polyethylene glycol, spraying the polyethylene glycol on the surface of 20kg of polylactic acid fiber to obtain mixed fiber, weighing 22kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in the preparation example 1, placing the modified asbestos fiber in the mixed fiber, stirring and mixing the mixture for 8min at the rotating speed of 780r/min, and drying the mixture at room temperature to obtain the composite fiber.
Preparation example 8: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing 2kg of polyethylene glycol, spraying the polyethylene glycol on the surface of 15kg of polylactic acid fiber to obtain mixed fiber, weighing 16kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in the preparation example 2, placing the modified asbestos fiber in the mixed fiber, stirring and mixing the mixture for 5min at the rotating speed of 650r/min, and drying the mixture at room temperature to obtain the composite fiber.
Preparation example 9: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing 5kg of polyethylene glycol, spraying the polyethylene glycol on the surface of 55kg of polylactic acid fiber to obtain mixed fiber, weighing 28kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in the preparation example 3, placing the modified asbestos fiber in the mixed fiber, stirring and mixing the mixture for 12min at the rotating speed of 850r/min, and drying the mixture at room temperature to obtain the composite fiber.
Preparation example 10: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
i, grinding rosin to powder with the particle size of 5-50mm, then weighing 44kg of rosin powder, adding the rosin powder into 55kg of absolute ethyl alcohol, then adding 4kg of turpentine, and stirring for 40min at the rotating speed of 1000r/min to prepare a rosin ethyl alcohol solution;
II, weighing 3.5kg of polyethylene glycol, spraying the polyethylene glycol on the surface of 20kg of polylactic acid fiber to prepare mixed fiber, weighing 22kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in the preparation example 1, placing the modified asbestos fiber in the mixed fiber, stirring and mixing the mixture for 8min at the rotating speed of 780r/min, and drying the mixture at room temperature to prepare semi-finished composite fiber;
III, weighing 5kg of rosin ethanol solution prepared from the I, spraying the rosin ethanol solution on the surface of the semi-finished product composite fiber prepared from the II, and drying at room temperature to prepare the composite fiber.
Preparation example 11: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
i, grinding rosin to powder with the particle size of 5-50mm, then weighing 35kg of rosin powder, adding the rosin powder into 50kg of absolute ethanol, then adding 3kg of turpentine, and stirring for 30min at the rotating speed of 800r/min to prepare a rosin ethanol solution;
II, weighing 2kg of polyethylene glycol, spraying the polyethylene glycol on the surface of 15kg of polylactic acid fiber to prepare mixed fiber, weighing 16kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in the preparation example 2, placing the modified asbestos fiber in the mixed fiber, stirring and mixing the mixture for 5min at the rotating speed of 650r/min, and drying the mixture at room temperature to prepare semi-finished composite fiber;
and III, weighing 3kg of rosin ethanol solution prepared from the I, spraying the rosin ethanol solution on the surface of the semi-finished product composite fiber prepared from the II, and drying at room temperature to obtain the composite fiber.
Preparation example 12: the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
i, grinding rosin to powder with the particle size of 5-50mm, then weighing 50kg of rosin powder, adding the rosin powder into 60kg of absolute ethyl alcohol, then adding 5kg of turpentine, and stirring for 50min at the rotating speed of 1200r/min to prepare a rosin ethyl alcohol solution;
II, weighing 5kg of polyethylene glycol, spraying the polyethylene glycol on the surface of 55kg of polylactic acid fiber to prepare mixed fiber, weighing 28kg of the modified asbestos fiber prepared in the preparation example 3, placing the modified asbestos fiber in the mixed fiber, stirring and mixing the mixture for 12min at the rotating speed of 850r/min, and drying the mixture at room temperature to prepare semi-finished composite fiber;
III, weighing 7kg of rosin ethanol solution prepared from the I, spraying the rosin ethanol solution on the surface of the semi-finished product composite fiber prepared from the II, and drying at room temperature to obtain the composite fiber.
Examples
The cement in the following raw materials is purchased from P.O42.5 Portland cement produced by Qingdao mountain and river Innovative Cement Co Ltd; the slag powder is purchased from S95 level mineral powder produced by Qingdao Mitsu-Mitsui Kongmai Kogyo; the fly ash is purchased from Xingyuan mineral powder processing factories in Lingshou county; river sand is purchased from Yitian mineral products Co., Ltd, Shijiazhuang; the broken stones are purchased in Guangxi Shunxing stone farm; the polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent is purchased from Panjin Fulong chemical company, Inc.; ammonium chloride was purchased from Sanwich chemical Co., Ltd, east Shandong Jining; calcium nitrite was purchased from department of biochemistry, ltd, in new county; butyl acetate was purchased from Huaxin chemical technology Co., Ltd, Dongguan city, with a content of 99.9%; the naphthalene series high-efficiency water reducing agent is purchased from Daqing Dechang Wei chemical industry Co Ltd; other raw materials and equipment are all sold in the market.
Example 1: a concrete with crack and frost resistance:
the raw materials are as follows: 380kg of cement, 60kg of fly ash, 80kg of mineral powder, 620kg of river sand, 1100kg of crushed stone, 145kg of water, 5.46kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 3.12kg of antifreeze agent and 18kg of composite fiber prepared in preparation example 4; the antifreeze agent consists of ammonium chloride, calcium nitrite and butyl acetate in a weight ratio of 1:0.5: 0.3.
Example 2: a concrete with crack and frost resistance:
the raw materials are as follows: 310kg of cement, 70kg of fly ash, 90kg of mineral powder, 680kg of river sand, 1060kg of broken stone, 160kg of water, 9.6kg of naphthalene-based superplasticizer, 2.7kg of antifreeze and 15kg of composite fiber prepared in preparation example 5; the antifreeze agent consists of ammonium chloride, calcium nitrite and butyl acetate in the weight ratio of 1:0.2: 0.3.
Example 3: a concrete with crack and frost resistance:
the raw materials are as follows: 400kg of cement, 50kg of fly ash, 70kg of mineral powder, 600kg of river sand, 1150kg of broken stone, 140kg of water, 5.2kg of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, 3.3kg of antifreeze agent and 22kg of composite fiber prepared in preparation example 6; the antifreeze agent consists of ammonium chloride, calcium nitrite and butyl acetate in a weight ratio of 1:0.7: 0.4.
Example 4: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the composite fiber prepared in example 7 was selected as the composite fiber, and the antifreeze agent consisted of ammonium chloride, calcium nitrite and butyl acetate in a weight ratio of 1:0.4: 0.2.
Example 5: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the composite fiber prepared in the embodiment 8 is selected as the composite fiber, and the antifreeze agent is composed of ammonium chloride, calcium nitrite and butyl acetate in a weight ratio of 1:0.7: 0.1.
Example 6: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the composite fiber prepared in the embodiment 9 is selected as the composite fiber, and the antifreeze agent is composed of ammonium chloride, calcium nitrite and butyl acetate in a weight ratio of 1:0.2: 0.4.
Example 7: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the composite fiber prepared in example 10 was used.
Example 8: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the composite fiber prepared in example 11 was used.
Example 9: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the composite fiber prepared in example 12 was used.
Example 10: this embodiment is different from embodiment 7 in that:
the raw materials also comprise 5kg of silica micropowder and 3kg of shell powder.
Example 11: this embodiment is different from embodiment 7 in that:
the raw materials also comprise 3kg of silica micropowder and 2kg of shell powder.
Example 12: this embodiment is different from embodiment 7 in that:
the raw materials also comprise 8kg of silica micropowder and 5kg of shell powder.
The slag powder in the raw materials is S95 grade slag powder with the density of 2.8g/cm3Specific surface area of 400m2The activity index (7d) is more than or equal to 85 percent, the activity index (28d) is more than or equal to 96 percent, the fluidity ratio is more than or equal to 94 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 0.2 percent; the fly ash is F class II fly ash, the fineness of the fly ash (45 mu m square hole sieve residue)<10% water demand ratio<100% loss on ignition<6% water content<0.2 percent; river sand with fineness modulus of 2.4 and apparent density of 2650kg/m3(ii) a The particle size of the crushed stone is 5-25 mm.
Note: the water reducing agent in the above raw materials includes, but is not limited to, naphthalene-based superplasticizer and polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Application example: a preparation method of concrete with crack and freeze resistance comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, river sand, broken stone and water, and mixing to obtain a mixture;
s2, weighing the composite fibers, the water reducing agent, the antifreeze agent, the silicon micro powder and the shell powder, adding the mixture prepared in the S1, mixing and stirring, pouring the mixture into a mold, and curing to obtain the finished concrete.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1: this comparative example is identical to example 1 in that: the raw materials are not added with composite fibers.
Comparative example 2: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the polylactic acid fiber with the same quality is used for replacing the modified asbestos fiber in the raw materials.
Comparative example 3: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the modified asbestos fiber is replaced by asbestos fiber with the same quality in the raw materials.
Comparative example 4: the present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: in the process of preparing the modified asbestos fiber, the raw material is replaced by 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate with the same mass of styrene n-heptane solution.
Comparative example 5: this comparative example differs from example 10 in that: the shell powder is replaced by the silica powder with the same mass in the raw materials.
Comparative example 6: this comparative example differs from example 1 in that the butyl acetate was replaced by the same mass of ammonium chloride in the feed.
Performance test
Concrete was prepared by the preparation methods of examples 1 to 12 and comparative examples 1 to 6, respectively, and then the concrete was poured on the surface of the steel bar network structure to prepare a concrete sample.
1. Detection of compressive strength properties
And (3) manufacturing a standard test block according to GB/T50081-2019 standard of mechanical property test method of common concrete, and measuring the compressive strength of the standard test block maintained for 28 days.
2. Flexural strength Property measurement
And (3) manufacturing a standard test block according to GB/T50081-2019 standard of mechanical property test method of common concrete, and measuring the flexural strength of the standard test block for 28d of maintenance.
3. Detection of chloride ion permeation resistance
And testing the chloride ion penetration depth of the standard test block according to a rapid chloride ion migration coefficient method in GB/T50082-2019 test method standard for long-term performance and durability of common concrete.
4. Detection of water permeation resistance
The anti-freezing performance of the concrete is measured according to GB/T50082-2019 'test method standard of long-term performance and durability of common concrete', and the frost-freezing method test is adopted to evaluate the anti-freezing performance by the maximum number of freeze-thaw cycles.
5. Crack resistance test
And (3) making a standard test block according to GB/T50081-2019 standard of mechanical property test method for common concrete, and calculating the number of cracks in unit area by measuring after concrete is poured for 24 hours.
TABLE 1 concrete Property testing Table
Figure BDA0002912034710000091
Figure BDA0002912034710000101
By combining examples 1-3 and examples 4-6 and table 1, it can be seen that the compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, freezing resistance and crack resistance of the concrete prepared in examples 4-6 are better than those of examples 1-3 compared with examples 1-3 when polyethylene glycol is added to the composite fiber raw material in examples 4-6; the cooperation of the polyethylene glycol, the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber is illustrated, the space network structure formed by the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber has good toughness and plasticity by utilizing the good bonding effect of the polyethylene glycol, space storage is provided for iron rust on the surface of a steel bar, and cracks are prevented from being generated in the concrete due to the expansion of the iron rust volume, so that the concrete has good compressive strength, breaking strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, freezing resistance and crack resistance.
By combining examples 1-3 and examples 7-9 with Table 1, it can be seen that, when examples 7-9 are used to prepare composite fibers, the compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, freezing resistance and crack resistance of the concrete prepared in examples 7-9 are better than those of examples 1-3 compared with examples 1-3 when the ethanol solution of rosin is added to the raw materials; the rosin film attached to the surfaces of the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber is explained, heat is released along with the hydration of cement, the rosin film is melted, the bonding effect between the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber and cement particles is improved, when the crack trend appears in the concrete, the bonding effect is better by utilizing the higher elastic modulus of the composite fiber to match, the relative tension can be generated on the crack, the extension of the fine crack of the internal structure of the concrete is avoided, and the concrete has good compressive strength, breaking strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, freezing resistance and crack resistance.
By combining examples 1-3 and examples 10-12 and table 1, it can be seen that the concrete prepared in examples 10-12 has better compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, freezing resistance and crack resistance than those of examples 1-3 by adding the shell powder and the silica powder into the raw materials of examples 10-12 compared with examples 1-3; the matching of the silicon micro powder, the shell powder and the composite fiber is illustrated, and the fine cracks of the internal structure of the concrete are filled by utilizing the connecting effect of the composite fiber and the filling effect of the silicon micro powder and the shell powder, so that the concrete has good compressive strength, breaking strength, chloride ion penetration resistance, freezing resistance and crack resistance.
By combining examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-6 and combining table 1, it can be seen that the raw material of comparative example 1 is not added with composite fibers, and compared with example 1, the concrete prepared in comparative example 1 has lower compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion penetration resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance than those of example 1; the matching of the composite fiber and the antifreeze agent is proved to ensure that the concrete has good compressive strength, breaking strength, chloride ion penetration resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance.
Compared with the concrete prepared in the example 1, the concrete prepared in the comparative example 2 has lower compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance than those of the concrete prepared in the example 1 by replacing modified asbestos fibers with polylactic acid fibers with the same mass; the polylactic acid fiber and the modified asbestos fiber are matched to form a space network structure, and the formed space network structure can provide space position storage for rust generated on the surface of the steel bar, so that the phenomenon that the rust on the surface of the steel bar causes gaps to appear in the internal structure of the concrete is avoided, and the concrete has good compressive strength, breaking strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance.
Compared with the concrete prepared in the example 1, the concrete prepared in the comparative example 3 has lower compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance than those of the concrete prepared in the example 1 by replacing the modified asbestos fibers with the same quality; the surface area of the asbestos fiber can be enlarged after the asbestos fiber is subjected to grafting modification, so that the modified asbestos fiber and the polylactic acid fiber are better matched to coat rust on the surface of the steel bar, the phenomenon that the rust on the surface of the steel bar causes gaps in the internal structure of the concrete is avoided, and the concrete has good compressive strength, breaking strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance.
Comparative example 4 in the process of preparing modified asbestos fiber, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate was replaced with a styrene n-heptane solution of the same mass as the raw material; compared with the concrete prepared in the example 1, the concrete prepared in the comparative example 4 has lower compressive strength, rupture strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance than those of the concrete prepared in the example 1; the description shows that the modified asbestos fiber prepared by using the acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester can graft more hydroxyl groups on the surface of the asbestos fiber, so that the modified asbestos fiber is matched with the polylactic acid fiber and can be better adsorbed on the surface of a passivation film on the surface of a reinforcing steel bar, and the concrete has good compressive strength, breaking strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance.
Comparative example 5 when preparing concrete, the shell powder is replaced by the silica micropowder with the same mass in the raw materials, compared with example 10, the concrete prepared in comparative example 5 has lower compressive strength, flexural strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance than those of example 10; the silicon micro powder and the shell powder are matched with each other, free chloride ions in the internal structure of the concrete can be adsorbed, so that the chloride ions are prevented from moving in the concrete, the reinforcing steel bar is prevented from being corroded, and the concrete has good compressive strength, breaking strength, chloride ion permeation resistance, frost resistance and crack resistance.
Comparative example 6 when preparing concrete, the butyl acetate is replaced by ammonium chloride with the same mass in the raw materials, compared with example 1, the frost resistance of the concrete prepared in the comparative example 6 is obviously lower than that of the concrete prepared in the example 1; the ammonium chloride, the calcium nitrite, the polyethylene glycol and the butyl acetate are matched, so that the concrete has a good anti-freezing effect.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. The concrete with the crack and frost resistance is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 400 parts of cement 310-containing materials, 50-70 parts of fly ash, 70-90 parts of mineral powder, 680 parts of river sand-containing materials, 1060 parts of gravels, 1150 parts of water 140-containing materials, 5.2-9.6 parts of water reducing agent, 2.7-3.3 parts of antifreeze agent and 15-22 parts of composite fibers; the composite fiber comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of polylactic acid fiber and 16-28 parts of modified asbestos fiber.
2. The concrete with crack and freeze resistance according to claim 1, wherein: the composite fiber also comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-5 parts of polyethylene glycol.
3. The concrete with crack and freeze resistance of claim 2, wherein the modified asbestos fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing 2-6 parts of acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester, placing the acrylic acid-2-hydroxyethyl ester in 45-65 parts of absolute ethyl alcohol, and stirring to obtain a mixed solution; weighing 35-55 parts of asbestos fiber, drying, placing in an irradiation container, adding the mixed solution, degassing in vacuum, injecting nitrogen, and irradiating for 25-35min under the condition that the energy of an electron beam is 1.7MeV to obtain the modified asbestos fiber.
4. The concrete with crack and freeze resistance of claim 3, wherein the composite fiber is prepared by the following method:
weighing polyethylene glycol, spraying the polyethylene glycol on the surface of polylactic acid fiber to obtain mixed fiber, weighing modified asbestos fiber, placing the modified asbestos fiber in the mixed fiber, stirring and mixing for 5-12min at the rotating speed of 650-850r/min, and drying to obtain the composite fiber.
5. The concrete with the crack and freeze resistance as claimed in claim 4, wherein the semi-finished composite fiber is prepared by drying the material I, 3-7 parts of rosin ethanol solution is weighed and sprayed on the surface of the semi-finished composite fiber, and the composite fiber is prepared by drying the material.
6. The concrete with cracking and freezing resistance of claim 5, wherein the rosin ethanol solution is prepared by the following method:
grinding rosin to powder with the particle size of 5-50mm, then weighing 35-50 parts of rosin powder, adding into 50-60 parts of absolute ethanol, then adding 3-5 parts of turpentine, and stirring at the rotating speed of 800-.
7. The concrete with the crack and freeze resistance of claim 1, further comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of silicon micro powder and 2-5 parts of shell powder.
8. The concrete with crack and freeze resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anti-freezing agent is composed of ammonium chloride, calcium nitrite and butyl acetate in the weight ratio of 1 (0.2-0.7) (0.1-0.4).
9. The concrete with crack and freeze resistance of claim 1, wherein the water reducing agent is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
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