CN109456008A - A kind of freeze proof anti-crack concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of freeze proof anti-crack concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109456008A CN109456008A CN201811606766.9A CN201811606766A CN109456008A CN 109456008 A CN109456008 A CN 109456008A CN 201811606766 A CN201811606766 A CN 201811606766A CN 109456008 A CN109456008 A CN 109456008A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/76—Use at unusual temperatures, e.g. sub-zero
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of freeze proof anti-crack concretes and preparation method thereof.Freeze proof anti-crack concrete product contain the following parts by weight: 260-380 parts of cement, sand, 350-470 parts of coarse sands, 800-1000 parts of stones, 70-80 parts of flyash, 10-15 parts of desulfurized gypsums, 150-200 parts of water, 1-5 parts of polypropylene fibres, 0.5-1.0 parts of carbon fibers, 5-10 parts of plant fibers, 2-6 parts of glass beads, 2-7 parts of paraffin, 3.5-5.5 parts of additives, 0.6-1.2 parts of water-reducing agents in 320-460 parts；Additive includes antifreeze, air entraining agent and the early strength agent that mass ratio is 1:1.5-2.5:0.6-0.9；Preparation method are as follows: the first mixture preparation；The preparation of second mixture；Finished product preparation.The advantages of freeze proof anti-crack concrete of the invention has anti-freezing property and anti-cracking performance excellent, and intensity is high, good toughness.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to building material technical fields, more specifically, it relates to a kind of freeze proof anti-crack concrete and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technique
Why concrete mix can gradually condense hardening after pouring, and be due to cement water until obtaining final strength
Change effect as a result, and the speed of cement aquation except having outside the Pass with concrete composition material itself and match ratio, also and outside
Boundary's temperature is closely related.Hydration is accelerated when the temperature increases, and gain in strength is accelerated, but after temperature is reduced to freezing point,
The freeze injury of concrete can generate bad influence to its performance.This is because: the water that (1) is present in concrete starts to tie at this time
Ice gradually becomes solid phase ice from liquid phase water, causes the water for participating in cement aquation to reduce, hydration slows down, gain in strength
Also can be corresponding slack-off, temperature continues to reduce, and when the water being present in concrete becomes ice completely, that is, is become completely by liquid phase
When solid phase, cement aquation stops substantially, and the intensity of concrete is caused not to be further added by；(2) volume is about after becoming ice due to water
Increase 9%, while generating the swelling stress of about 2.5MPa, this stress forms strong if it is greater than inside when concrete initial set
Degree, concrete just will receive different degrees of destruction, i.e. early freezc destroys；(3) after water becomes ice, in aggregate and bar list
Face can generate the biggish sleet of particle, weaken the cohesive force of cement slurry and aggregate and reinforcing bar, reduce the intensity of concrete；(4) when
After temperature increases sleet thawing, also various gaps can be formed in inside concrete, lead to the reduction of concrete durability.
In the prior art, application No. is disclose one kind in the Chinese invention patent application file of CN201310080733.6
Frost-resistant concrete.Use n-tetradecane, paraffin or polyethylene glycol for phase-changing energy storage material, make in advance phase-changing energy storage material adsorb into
In the internal void for entering light weight aggregate, light weight aggregate is replaced into common fine aggregate and coarse aggregate in equal volume, with concrete, water, outer
Frost-resistant concrete is obtained after adding agent mixture, when concrete internal temperature drops to phase transformation conversion temperature (4-6 DEG C), phase-change accumulation energy
Material is undergone phase transition, while releasing a large amount of heat, can be alleviated the continuous decrease of concrete internal temperature, be made concrete
Temperature maintain freeze it is above freezing.
Existing this frost-resistant concrete can be only applied to temperature it is less low when, when construction site temperature is lower, this is anti-
Freezing concrete can not meet construction demand, be easy to produce crack.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, the first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of freeze proof anti-crack concrete,
The advantages of it is excellent with anti-freezing property and anti-cracking performance, and intensity is high, good toughness.
Second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, with technique letter
It is single, the excellent advantage of the concrete antifreezing performance and cracking resistance prepared.
To realize above-mentioned first purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme that a kind of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, special
Sign is, contains the following parts by weight: 260-380 parts of cement, sand, 350-470 parts of coarse sands, 800- in 320-460 parts
1000 parts of stones, 70-80 parts of flyash, 10-15 parts of desulfurized gypsums, 150-200 parts of water, 1-5 parts of polypropylene fibres, 0.5-1.0
Part carbon fiber, 5-10 parts of plant fibers, 2-6 parts of glass beads, 2-7 parts of paraffin, 3.5-5.5 parts of additives, 0.6-1.2 parts of diminishings
Agent；The additive includes antifreeze, air entraining agent and the early strength agent that mass ratio is 1:1.5-2.5:0.6-0.9.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, flyash reduces the dosage of cement, improve concrete mix and easy
Property, the pumpability of concrete is enhanced, hydration heat of concrete, thermal expansivity are significantly reduced, while the temperature difference can be inhibited and generated
Crack improves the frost resistance of concrete with paraffin mating reaction；The coarse sand of addition and middle sand, are used cooperatively with coal ash powder, benefit
With the difference of each component partial size, filling is realized in concrete gel material, reduces the gap between each component particle, to subtract
Small concrete overall porosity improves pore structure, keeps concrete more closely knit, significantly improve the intensity of concrete, while silicate
Cement and desulfurized gypsum cooperate, and have good hydraulic gelling property, can be improved concrete density, flexural strength and resistance to compression
Intensity makes concrete have good crack resistance, improves the endurance qualities such as mechanical property and the frost resistance of concrete；Polypropylene is fine
Dimension, carbon fiber and plant fiber have good toughness and tensile property, can be improved the cracking resistance of concrete, glass bead
The mobility of concrete can be improved and from anti-intensity, reduce shrinking percentage, air entraining agent is added, a large amount of small and independent gas can be generated
Bubble, reduces frictional resistance in concrete, improves workability, the mobility of concrete, and glass bead and desulfurized gypsum cooperate
Effect, effectively cutting capillary passage, reduce capillarity, so that the impermeability of concrete is improved, micro- stomata of generation
The ice crystal bulbs of pressure in capillary can be discharged during frost, to avoid generating breakdown pressure, reduce and prevent freeze thawing
Destruction, improve the frost resistance of concrete；The water-reducing agent of addition has high water reducing rate and good water-soluble, dispersibility,
The reticular structure of formation can penetrate into inside concrete and generate gelinite not soluble in water, fine with polypropylene fibre, plant
Dimension, carbon fiber, air entraining agent, desulfurized gypsum cooperation, reduce inside concrete hole, cut off capillary channel, increase compactness, together
When can inhibit the aquation of cement, keep setting time elongated, improve the processing performance of concrete, and improve the strong of concrete
Degree, stability and long durability, antifreezing agent can reduce the freezing point of free water, reduce inside concrete moisture at ice rate,
Make more liquid water for hydrated cementitious, and change the structure of ice, so that ice crystal is become loose and at space network, therefore
Reduce destruction of the ice crystal to concrete structure；The freeze proof anti-crack concrete component of the present invention is reasonable, function synergic, has good
Frost resistance and splitting resistance, and intensity is high, good toughness.
Further, the antifreeze contains the following parts by weight: 10-15 parts of water, 0.1-0.5 parts of agar, 0.1-
0.3 part of guar gum, 0.1-0.4 parts of gelatin, 0.6-1.4 parts of glass fibres, 5-10 parts of rubber powders, 1-3 parts of sodium sulphate, 2-5 parts of Asias
Sodium nitrate, 1.0-1.5 part triethanolamine.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, since the freezing point of water can be down to -20 DEG C hereinafter, preventing liquid by sodium nitrite
Water freezing influences the aquation of concrete, provides liquid water for the aquation of cement, acts synergistically with triethanolamine and sodium sulphate, energy
The early strength for improving concrete, after preventing liquid water from becoming solid-state, influences the hydration of cement, and triethanolamine and bleed
Agent cooperates, and can be improved the frost resistance of concrete, and glass fibre has stronger toughness and tensile strength, coagulation can be improved
The cracking resistance of soil, rubber powder is macromolecular elastomer, and blending can alleviate hydrostatic pressure in concrete, improves concrete
Frost resistance cooperates with agar, guar gum and gelatin, can cut off capillary passage, reduces capillarity, improves concrete
Anti-permeability performance, micro- stomata of generation can discharge the ice crystal swelling stress in capillary during frost, improve the anti-of concrete
Freeze performance.
Further, the antifreezing agent the preparation method is as follows: (1) heats water to 60-80 DEG C, while stirring
Gelatin and agar is added, is configured to solution A；
(2) it by rubber powder, sodium sulphate and sodium nitrite, is uniformly mixed, places into baking oven, dry 20- at 60-70 DEG C
Mixture A is made in 30min；
(3) mixture A, glass fibre, triethanolamine and guar gum are added into solution A, is stirred at 40-50 DEG C, mixing is equal
After even, it is cooled to room temperature.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, agar and gelatin are dissolved with water first, then by rubber powder, sodium sulphate and nitrous
Sour sodium enters mixing and drying, then solution A and mixture A are mixed, and because sodium nitrite can reduce the freezing point of water, rubber powder is
Macromolecular elastomer can alleviate hydrostatic pressure, improve the frost resistance of concrete, and triethanolamine and sodium sulphate can be improved coagulation
The early strength of soil, and reduce gel rubber material each component particle in the hole of concrete gel material with rubber powder blending
Between gap improve pore structure, keep concrete more closely knit, significantly improve coagulation to reduce concrete overall porosity
The intensity of soil.
Further, the average grain diameter of the rubber powder is 16-20 mesh.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, make the average grain diameter 16-20 mesh of rubber powder, the partial size of rubber powder is smaller, energy
It is enough filled in the hole of gel rubber material, improves the compactness and intensity of concrete.
Further, the water-reducing agent is ligno-sulfate based plasticizer, in naphthalene water reducer, poly carboxylic acid series water reducer
One or more combination object.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, water-reducing agent can reduce the cement consumption in concrete, reduce by hydration heat of cement
Cause the raised peak value of concrete internal temperature and postpone the time for peak value occur, when concrete cooling shrinkage starts, resists
Tensile strength has risen to the degree for being enough to resist concrete shrinkage stress, so as to eliminate the generation in crack.
Further, the air entraining agent is sodium abietate, in sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, gleditsia sinensis powder, fatty acid alcohol sodium sulphate
One or more of compositions.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, sodium abietate, sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, gleditsia sinensis powder, fatty acid alcohol sodium sulphate exist
During the mixing and stirring of concrete, the workability and cohesiveness of concrete mix can be improved, improve the mobility of concrete,
During the mixing and stirring of concrete, introducing is largely uniformly distributed and is closed stable micro-bubble, improves the slump of concrete, mentions
High-homogeneity.
Further, the early strength agent is sodium metasilicate, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, barium sulfate, silica, urea according to weight
Amount is than the mixture for 1-4:0.5-2:1-6:0.5-1.0:0.5-1.0:3-11 composition.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, sodium metasilicate can change the internal pore structure of concrete, promote cement early stage
Entringite is generated, the formation for accelerating early stage to agglomerate network of mutually putting up a bridge, and increase the compactness of concrete, to improve concrete
Intensity, and calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, barium sulfate, silica and urea can be filled in the hole of gel rubber material, be improved
The compactness and intensity of concrete.
Further, the length of the polypropylene fibre is 10-20mm.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, length is the polypropylene fibre of 10-20mm, can be well dispersed in each of concrete
Between aggregate, the polypropylene fibre with superior tensile strength and dispersibility is dispersed in gel rubber material, is played to concrete anti-
It splits and draws attached effect, prevent concrete cracking.
Further, the plant fiber is the combination of one or more of ramee, coir fibre, bamboo fibre
Object.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, ramee is more tough and tensile, and strength is big, and the toughness and cracking resistance of concrete can be improved
Performance, coir fibre and bamboo fibre have excellent mechanical property, and toughness is stronger, and the toughness and intensity of concrete can be improved.
To realize above-mentioned second purpose, the present invention provides the following technical scheme that a kind of system of freeze proof anti-crack concrete
Preparation Method, which comprises the following steps:
The preparation of first mixture: cement, flyash, middle sand, coarse sand, stone and desulfurized gypsum being stirred, are sufficiently mixed, and made
Obtain the first mixture；
The preparation of second mixture: polypropylene fibre, carbon fiber and plant fiber are uniformly mixed, fibre blend is made, by glass
Change microballon, additive and water-reducing agent to be added to the water, after completely dissolution, is added in fibre blend, the second mixture is made；
Finished product preparation: the second mixture being added in the first mixture, 15-30min is sufficiently stirred, and it is mixed to obtain freeze proof cracking resistance
Solidifying soil.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, cement, flyash, middle sand, coarse sand etc. are subjected to dry mixing first, make solid particle
Object is uniformly mixed, then polypropylene fibre, carbon fiber and plant fiber are mixed, and fiber can be made to be uniformly mixed, then will be dissolved with additional
The water of agent, water-reducing agent and glass bead is added in composite fibre, can be uniformly mixed, and the first mix finally is added in the second mixture
In object, make raw material uniform mixing, it is simple to operate.
In conclusion the invention has the following advantages:
The first, it is cooperated due to the present invention using polypropylene fibre, plant fiber and carbon fiber, and three is mutually coordinated, hair
Rigidity humidification and flexible toughening effect are waved, the intensity and toughness of concrete are improved；Flyash, desulfurized gypsum and glass bead
The dosage of cement can be reduced, while being chemically reacted with the substance in cement, and be filled between cement granules, plays and subtracts
The effect of water speedup increases the mobility of concrete mix, improves the working performance of concrete, and reduces the hole of concrete
Rate improves the intensity of concrete.
The second, antifreeze is made using rubber powder and agar, gelatin and guar gum etc. in the present invention, because rubber powder tool is high score
Elastic body, blending can alleviate hydrostatic pressure in concrete, improve the frost resistance of concrete, with agar, guar gum and bright
Glue cooperation, can cut off capillary passage, reduce capillarity, improve the anti-permeability performance of concrete, micro- stomata of generation exists
The ice crystal swelling stress in capillary can be discharged during frost, improve the anti-freezing property of concrete.
The mixing of sodium metasilicate, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, barium sulfate, silica and urea is preferably used in third, the present invention
Object is mutually cooperateed with as early strength agent, six kinds of substances, and acceleration of hydration effect promotes aquation early stage to generate a large amount of entringite, improves
The compactness of hydrated product improves the early strength of concrete, while cooperating with triethanolamine, reduces the ice of liquid phase object
Point improves cryoprotective effects.
Specific embodiment
Invention is further described in detail with reference to embodiments.
The preparation example 1-3 of antifreezing agent
Agar is selected from the LW-069 type agar powder that Long Wei Biotechnology Co., Ltd in Henan sells, guar gum choosing in preparation example 1-3
No. 010 guar gum sold from the prosperous photoinitiator chemical Products Co., Ltd of Renqiu City, gelatin are selected from Shijiazhuang Ning Nuo commerce and trade Co., Ltd
No. 202 gelatin sold, glass fibre are selected from the 44954 flint glass F fibers that Huimin County Qinghe town will big chemical fibre netting factory sells,
Rubber powder is selected from the rubber powder for the model 06 that Lingshou County Wang Jie mineral products processing factory sells, sodium sulphate, sodium nitrite and three second
Hydramine is that analysis is pure.
Preparation example 1:(1) according to the raw material proportioning in table 1,10kg water is heated to 60 DEG C, is 500r/min's in revolving speed
0.1kg gelatin and 0.1 agar are added in the state of stirring, stirs 5min, is configured to solution A；
(2) it is rubber powder, 1kg sodium sulphate and the 2kg sodium nitrite of 16 mesh by 5kg average grain diameter, is uniformly mixed, places into baking oven
In, 20min is dried at 60 DEG C, mixture A is made；
(3) mixture A, 0.6kg glass fibre, 1.0kg triethanolamine and 0.1kg guar gum are added into solution A, at 40 DEG C
Stirring, after mixing, is cooled to room temperature.
The raw material proportioning of antifreezing agent in 1 preparation example 1-3 of table
Preparation example 2:(1) according to the raw material proportioning in table 1,13kg water is heated to 70 DEG C, in the stirring that revolving speed is 550r/min
In the state of 0.3kg gelatin and 0.3 agar is added, stir 8min, be configured to solution A；
(2) it is rubber powder, 2kg sodium sulphate and the 3kg sodium nitrite of 18 mesh by 8kg average grain diameter, is uniformly mixed, places into baking oven
In, 25min is dried at 65 DEG C, mixture A is made；
(3) mixture A, 1.0kg glass fibre, 1.3kg triethanolamine and 0.2kg guar gum are added into solution A, at 45 DEG C
Stirring, after mixing, is cooled to room temperature.
Preparation example 3:(1) according to the raw material proportioning in table 1,15kg water is heated to 80 DEG C, is 600r/min's in revolving speed
0.4kg gelatin and 0.5 agar are added in the state of stirring, stirs 10min, is configured to solution A；
(2) it is rubber powder, 3kg sodium sulphate and the 5kg sodium nitrite of 20 mesh by 10kg average grain diameter, is uniformly mixed, places into baking
In case, 30min is dried at 70 DEG C, mixture A is made；
(3) mixture A, 1.4kg glass fibre, 1.5kg triethanolamine and 0.3kg guar gum are added into solution A, at 50 DEG C
Stirring, after mixing, is cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment
Cement is selected from Xiangshan conch cement Co., Ltd, and flyash is selected from the limited public affairs of Lingshou County beach Mineral Products Trade
Department, stone are selected from Cixi Lei Yuan mining industry Co., Ltd, and desulfurized gypsum is sold selected from Zhuozhou City Xin Xuefeng building materials Science and Technology Ltd.
No. 001 desulfurized gypsum, polypropylene fibre be selected from Jinan Jin Wangtong Chemical Co., Ltd. sell J-1061 type polypropylene fibre,
Carbon fiber is selected from No. 017 carbon fiber that Shanghai Li Shuo composite material Science and Technology Ltd. sells, and it is good that coir fibre is selected from Jiangxi Province
The coir fibre that the article No. that Gao Cheng imports trade Co., Ltd sells is 0, ramee are selected from the limited public affairs of Jingde County swift fiber crops industry
The ramee that the article No. that department sells is 123, bamboo fibre are selected from the article No. that Hangzhou Jie Kang bamboo fiber products Co., Ltd sells and are
002 bamboo fibre, glass bead are selected from the glass bead for the model 60 that Dongguan City Rui Heng mineral products Co., Ltd sells, paraffin
No. 99 paraffin sold selected from Jinan Guo Shi great achievement Chemical Co., Ltd., sodium abietate are selected from the outstanding gloomy limited public affairs of chemical products in Jinan
The S688 type sodium abietate sold is taken charge of, ligno-sulfate based plasticizer and naphthalene water reducer are selected from Shanghai cloud wise man new material science and technology
Co., Ltd, the model MN-1 of ligninsulfonate water-reducing agent, the model FDN-C of naphthalene water reducer, polycarboxylate water-reducer choosing
The GNS-101 type polycarboxylate water-reducer sold from Jiangxi Gress Technology Co., Ltd..
A kind of embodiment 1: preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, comprising the following steps:
First mixture preparation: according to the raw material proportioning in table 2, by sand, 350kg in 260kg cement, 70kg flyash, 320kg
Coarse sand, 800kg stone and 10kg desulfurized gypsum are stirred, and are sufficiently mixed, and the first mixture is made；
Wherein cement is that P.042.5 portland cement, flyash are I grades of flyash, and the average grain diameter of middle sand is 0.3mm, accumulation
Density is 1300kg/m3, apparent density 2000kg/m3, the clay content of coarse sand is 3.5wt%, and stone is using partial size 5mm
Stone, clay content is less than 0.5, apparent density 2600kg/m3；
The preparation of second mixture: 1kg polypropylene fibre, 0.5kg carbon fiber and 5kg plant fiber are uniformly mixed, fiber is made
2kg glass bead, 2kg paraffin, 3.5kg additive and 0.6kg water-reducing agent are added in 150kg water mixture, sufficiently dissolve
Afterwards, it is added in fibre blend, the second mixture is made；
Wherein the length of polypropylene fibre is 10mm, and the length of carbon fiber is 5mm, and plant fiber is ramee, ramee
Length be 3mm, additive by mass ratio be 1:1.5:0.6 antifreeze, air entraining agent and early strength agent mix, antifreeze by
Preparation example 1 is made, and air entraining agent is sodium abietate, and early strength agent is by the sodium metasilicate that mass ratio is 1:0.5:1:0.5:0.5:3, oxidation
Calcium, aluminium oxide, barium sulfate, silica and urea mix, and water-reducing agent is ligno-sulfate based plasticizer；
Finished product preparation: the second mixture is added in the first mixture, 15min is sufficiently stirred, obtains freeze proof cracking resistance coagulation
Soil.
The raw material proportioning of freeze proof anti-crack concrete in 2 embodiment 1-5 of table
Embodiment 2-5: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, raw material is as shown in table 2, preparation method and 1 phase of embodiment
Together.
Embodiment 6: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, the difference from embodiment 1 is that,
The preparation of first mixture: the average grain diameter of middle sand is 0.4mm, bulk density 1400kg/m3, apparent density is
2250kg/m3, the clay content of coarse sand is 4.5wt%, stone of the stone using partial size 10mm, apparent density 2700kg/
m3；
The preparation of second mixture: the length of polypropylene fibre is 15mm, and the length of carbon fiber is 8mm, and plant fiber is coconut husk
Fiber, the length of coir fibre are 5mm, and additive is mixed by the antifreeze, air entraining agent and early strength agent that mass ratio is 1:2.0:0.7
It forms, antifreeze is made of preparation example 2, and air entraining agent is sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, and early strength agent is 2.5:1.2:4:0.8 by mass ratio:
Sodium metasilicate, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, barium sulfate, silica and the urea of 0.8:7 mixes, and water-reducing agent is naphthalene water reducer.
Embodiment 7: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, the difference from embodiment 1 is that,
The preparation of first mixture: the average grain diameter of middle sand is 0.5mm, bulk density 1500kg/m3, apparent density is
2500kg/m3, the clay content of coarse sand is 5.5wt%, stone of the stone using partial size 15mm, apparent density 2800kg/
m3；
The preparation of second mixture: the length of polypropylene fibre is 20mm, and the length of carbon fiber is 10mm, and plant fiber is that bamboo is fine
Dimension, the length of bamboo fibre are 8mm, additive by antifreeze, air entraining agent and the early strength agent mixing that mass ratio is 1:2.5:0.9 and
At antifreeze is made of preparation example 3, and air entraining agent is sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate, and early strength agent is 4:2:6:1.0:1.0:11 by mass ratio
Sodium metasilicate, calcium oxide, aluminium oxide, barium sulfate, silica and urea mix, water-reducing agent is polycarboxylate water-reducer.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, freeze proof anti-crack concrete
Plant fiber is not added in raw material.
Comparative example 2: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, freeze proof cracking resistance coagulation
Glass bead is not added in the raw material of soil.
Comparative example 3: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, do not add in antifreeze
Add agar.
Comparative example 4: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, do not add in antifreeze
Add guar gum.
Comparative example 5: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, do not add in antifreeze
Add gelatin.
Comparative example 6: a kind of preparation method of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, do not add in antifreeze
Add glass fibre.
Comparative example 7: application No. is the Chinese invention patent application files of CN201610890336.9, disclose a kind of freeze proof
The preparation method of type concrete as a comparison with embodiment 1 successively weighs 200g waste-tyre rubber-powder, 20g hypochlorous acid first
Calcium, 10g sodium hypochlorite are added in the flask for filling 1L deionized water, then place the beaker on water-bath magnetic stirring apparatus, Yu Wendu
Be 65 DEG C, revolving speed be 400r/min under the conditions of, constant temperature is stirred to react 15min, then under stirring, by dropping funel to
It is 20% hydrogen peroxide that 200mL mass fraction is added dropwise in flask, and control drips off in 30min, wait be added dropwise, continues constant temperature stirring
React 45min；To the end of reacting, filter while hot, remove filtrate, be washed with deionized filter cake until cleaning solution be in neutrality, then
Filter cake is transferred to vacuum oven, under the conditions of temperature is 75 DEG C, dry 4h obtains activated rubber powder, spare；According to parts by weight,
Sequentially add 100 parts of deionized waters in batch mixer, 60 parts of styrene, 30 parts of butadiene, 1 part of acrylic acid, 6 parts of Tea Saponins, 0.2
Part neopelex, 0.2 part of ammonium persulfate are 45 DEG C in temperature, and under the conditions of revolving speed is 1200r/min, constant temperature is stirred
20min is mixed, discharging obtains mixed emulsion；According to parts by weight, 160 parts of deionized waters are sequentially added in concrete mixer,
4 parts of sodium lignin sulfonate water reducers, 250 parts of portland cements, 600 parts of yellow ground, 800 parts of stones, 60 parts of spare activated rubber powders, 40
The above-mentioned gained mixed emulsion of part is stirred 30min under the conditions of revolving speed is 60r/min to get anti-freezing type concrete.
Performance detection test
Freeze proof anti-crack concrete is prepared according to the method in embodiment 1-7 and comparative example 1-7, and by embodiment 1-7 and comparative example
Concrete made from 1-7 such as is divided at two parts of quality, and the molding respectively, and a part is detected for every before freeze, another portion
Divide after the 300 fast freeze-thaw cycle-indexes of progress in the 28th day and carry out every detection, detection method is as follows:
1, compression strength and flexural strength: according to GB/T50081-2002 " standard for test methods of mechanical properties of ordinary concrete " into
Row detection；
2, go out machine performance and viscosity: after concrete goes out machine from blender, observing machine performance and viscosity；
3, it the slump and fluidity: is carried out according to GB/T50080-2016 " normal concrete mixture performance test methods standard "
Test；
4, air content: concrete 's air-containing is newly mixed and stirred using optical fiber gas measuring method rapid survey；
5, mass loss rate: according to fast in GB/T50082-2009 " Standard for test methods of longterm performance and durability of ordinary concrete "
Jelly method measures concrete standard test block, in -15 DEG C~-20 DEG C fast cycle-index test concrete quality damages for reading freeze thawing 300 times
Mistake rate.
Every testing result before freezing is as shown in table 3, the detection knot after carrying out 300 freezing-thawing cycles at the 28th day
Fruit is as shown in table 4,
The performance test results before the freezing of concrete made from table 3 embodiment 1-7 and comparative example 1-7
It can be seen from the data in table 3 according to concrete made from method in embodiment 1-7 have stronger compression strength and
Flexural strength, and good fluidity, the slump is low, and the high feature of air content has the advantages that freeze proof cracking resistance.
Comparative example 1 because adding plant fiber in non-concrete material, the compression strength of concrete compared with Example 1 without compared with
Big variation, but flexural strength is poor, it is easy to crack, illustrate that plant fiber can be improved the cracking resistance of concrete；
Comparative example 2 is not much different because being not added with glass bead, flexural strength in concrete material with embodiment 1, compression strength with
Embodiment 1 is compared to poor, and air content is smaller, illustrates that glass bead can be improved the air content of concrete, and then improve mixed
Coagulate the anti-freezing property of soil.
Comparative example 3 is not added with guar gum, comparative example 5 is bright because being not added with because being not added with agar in antifreeze in comparative example 4
Glue, the compression strength of concrete compared with Example 1, are not much different, but flexural strength difference is poor, and machine performance and viscous out
Spend poor, the slump and fluidity are excessive.
Comparative example 6 is because being not added with glass fibre, the compression strength and flexural strength and 1 phase of embodiment of concrete in antifreeze
It is poor, illustrate that glass fibre can be improved the cracking resistance of concrete.
Testing result after concrete freeze thawing made from table 4 embodiment 1-7 and comparative example 1-7
Found out by data resistance to compression in table 4, carried out 300 Frozen-thawed cycleds at the 28th day according to concrete made from embodiment 1-7
After number, compression strength is all larger than 37.7MPa, and air content loss is few, and compression strength loss rate is respectively less than 20%, mass loss rate
It is small, there is good anti-freezing property.
The loss of strength rate of concrete made from comparative example 1-7 is all larger than 20%, and mass loss rate is big, illustrates comparative example
The anti-freezing property of concrete made from 1-7 is poor.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but as long as at this
All by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of freeze proof anti-crack concrete, which is characterized in that contain the following parts by weight: 260-380 parts of cement, 320-
Sand, 350-470 part coarse sand, 800-1000 parts of stones, 70-80 parts of flyash, 10-15 parts of desulfurized gypsums, 150-200 in 460 parts
Part water, 1-5 parts of polypropylene fibres, 0.5-1.0 parts of carbon fibers, 5-10 parts of plant fibers, 2-6 parts of glass beads, 2-7 parts of paraffin,
3.5-5.5 parts of additives, 0.6-1.2 parts of water-reducing agents；
The additive includes antifreeze, air entraining agent and the early strength agent that mass ratio is 1:1.5-2.5:0.6-0.9.
2. freeze proof anti-crack concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the antifreeze includes following parts by weight
Component: 10-15 parts of water, 0.1-0.5 parts of agar, 0.1-0.3 parts of guar gums, 0.1-0.4 parts of gelatin, 0.6-1.4 parts of glass fibres,
5-10 parts of rubber powders, 1-3 parts of sodium sulphate, 2-5 parts of sodium nitrites, 1.0-1.5 parts of triethanolamines.
3. freeze proof anti-crack concrete according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the antifreezing agent the preparation method is as follows:
(1) 60-80 DEG C is heated water to, gelatin and agar are added while stirring, is configured to solution A；
(2) it by rubber powder, sodium sulphate and sodium nitrite, is uniformly mixed, places into baking oven, dry 20- at 60-70 DEG C
Mixture A is made in 30min；
(3) mixture A, glass fibre, triethanolamine and guar gum are added into solution A, is stirred at 40-50 DEG C, mixing is equal
After even, it is cooled to room temperature.
4. freeze proof anti-crack concrete according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the average grain diameter of the rubber powder is 16-
20 mesh.
5. freeze proof anti-crack concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the water-reducing agent subtracts for lignosulfonates
One or more of aqua, naphthalene water reducer, poly carboxylic acid series water reducer composition.
6. freeze proof anti-crack concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the air entraining agent is sodium abietate, alkyl
The composition of one or more of benzene sulfonic acid sodium salt, gleditsia sinensis powder, fatty acid alcohol sodium sulphate.
7. freeze proof anti-crack concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the early strength agent be sodium metasilicate, calcium oxide,
Aluminium oxide, barium sulfate, silica, urea are 1-4:0.5-2:1-6:0.5-1.0:0.5-1.0:3-11 composition according to weight ratio
Mixture.
8. freeze proof anti-crack concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the polypropylene fibre is 10-
20mm。
9. freeze proof anti-crack concrete according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant fiber is ramee, coconut palm
The composition of one or more of case fibre, bamboo fibre.
10. a kind of preparation method of -9 any freeze proof anti-crack concretes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including
Following steps:
The preparation of first mixture: cement, flyash, middle sand, coarse sand, stone and desulfurized gypsum being stirred, are sufficiently mixed, and made
Obtain the first mixture；
The preparation of second mixture: polypropylene fibre, carbon fiber and plant fiber are uniformly mixed, fibre blend is made, by glass
Change microballon, paraffin, additive and water-reducing agent to be added to the water, after completely dissolution, is added in fibre blend, the second mix is made
Object；
Finished product preparation: the second mixture being added in the first mixture, 15-30min is sufficiently stirred, and it is mixed to obtain freeze proof cracking resistance
Solidifying soil.
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