CN112875851B - Method for promoting aerobic sludge granulation to treat organic wastewater by using carbon nanotubes - Google Patents

Method for promoting aerobic sludge granulation to treat organic wastewater by using carbon nanotubes Download PDF

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CN112875851B
CN112875851B CN202110146795.7A CN202110146795A CN112875851B CN 112875851 B CN112875851 B CN 112875851B CN 202110146795 A CN202110146795 A CN 202110146795A CN 112875851 B CN112875851 B CN 112875851B
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董怡华
陈�峰
尹志文
李亮
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Abstract

A method for promoting aerobic sludge granulation to treat organic wastewater by carbon nanotubes relates to a method for treating organic wastewater, and the method comprises the steps of preparing chloroaniline simulated wastewater, adding carbon nanotubes into an SBAR reactor, starting the reactor and culturing aerobic granular sludge; the method uses the carbon nano tube as an induced condensation nucleus, and utilizes the special structure to adsorb and fix microorganisms in the aerobic activated sludge on the surface of the carbon nano tube, thereby greatly shortening the time for granulating the aerobic sludge and achieving the purpose of strengthening the granule performance of the aerobic sludge. The formed sludge particles have regular appearance, clear edges, compact structure and good sedimentation performance, can stably operate for a long time under the optimal operation parameters after optimization and regulation, and improve the treatment efficiency of organic wastewater, thereby solving the problems of long time for culturing aerobic granular sludge, unstable granular sludge performance and easy disintegration.

Description

Method for promoting aerobic sludge granulation to treat organic wastewater by using carbon nanotubes
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for treating organic wastewater, in particular to a method for treating organic wastewater by promoting aerobic sludge granulation through carbon nanotubes.
Background
Aerobic granular sludge (Aerobic granular sludge, AGS) is a compact biological polymer formed by activated sludge microorganisms in an aerobic environment through a self-fixing process and has a regular shape, and is a novel ideal biological wastewater treatment technology developed in recent years. Compared with the traditional flocculent activated sludge, the aerobic granular sludge has the following characteristics: (1) regular appearance, clear outline and compact structure; (2) good sedimentation performance and remarkable solid-liquid separation effect; (3) The high sludge concentration and volume load in the reactor can be maintained, and the impact load resistance is high; (4) The various microorganism populations are mutually in intergrowth, which is beneficial to simultaneously removing organic matters and nitrogen and phosphorus; (5) The occupied area of the water treatment structure can be reduced, and the capital investment is reduced. Since the Japanese scholars Mishima and Nakamura in 1991 culture aerobic granular sludge for the first time by using a continuous flow aerobic upflow sludge bed, the technology has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of wastewater treatment and is considered as a wastewater biological treatment process with great development prospect in the 21 st century.
However, in the current process of treating urban sewage and industrial wastewater, the structure of aerobic granular sludge and some problems existing in the forming process still become technical bottlenecks for restricting the popularization and application of the process. These problems are mainly manifested in: (1) the particle formation rate is slow. In most of the current researches, the formation of aerobic granular sludge usually needs more than 1-2 months, the starting time of the reactor in the early stage is long, and the problems of sludge expansion and the like easily occur in the starting process; (2) The culture condition of the aerobic granular sludge is harsh, the operation is complex, the disassembly is easy, further exploration is still needed for long-term stable operation, engineering application lacks technical support of design parameters, and a process strategy which is favorable for the stable operation of the aerobic granular sludge reactor is needed to be established. Therefore, in order to realize the real large-scale application of the aerobic granular sludge technology to the actual wastewater treatment, a practical and rapid granular sludge culture method is sought, and the running parameters of the method are regulated to maintain the long-term stable running of the granular sludge.
The external addition of inert carrier particles as an induced condensation nucleus to accelerate aerobic granulation is a common method at present. The theoretical basis of the method is from the 'condensation nucleus hypothesis', namely, the initial addition of some inert carrier particles in the formation of the granular sludge can play a role in inducing the condensation nucleus, microorganisms are attached and fixed on the inert carrier through the adsorption effect, the microorganisms are continuously propagated, grown and aggregated on the inert carrier, and finally, the aerobic granular sludge with compact structure and good sedimentation performance is formed. The method omits the time of collision and aggregation of microbial cells into small particles, thereby accelerating the granulation process of the aerobic sludge. Common inert carriers include powdered activated carbon, fine soil, lime, crystal micropowder and other inorganic particles. However, related researches for promoting the granulation of the aerobic sludge by using the carbon nano tube as the condensation nucleus have not been reported at home and abroad at present, and related technological strategies for the stable operation of the aerobic granular sludge reactor have not been proposed.
Carbon nanotubes (Carbon nanotubes) are one-dimensional tubular nanomaterial formed by coaxially winding a single layer or multiple layers of graphite atoms. Carbon atoms of carbon nanotubes through sp 2 Hybridization to form a hexagonal network, i.e. perThe structure of each carbon atom is shown in FIG. 1, and the adjacent 3 carbon atoms are connected.
The number of layers of graphene atoms can be divided into single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotubes, the tube diameter of which is generally 1-100 nanometers, the length of which is between hundreds of nanometers and tens of micrometers, and the longest of which can reach millimeter level. The specific surface area of the carbon nano tube prepared at present is generally 100-400 square meters per gram. Multiwall carbon nanotubes are bundles of monomeric carbon nanotubes formed by van der Waals forces, and are structured such that they have two types of pores: the hollow lumens of the monomeric carbon nanotubes (typically a few nanometers) and the gaps between the carbon nanotubes (typically tens of nanometers) that are created when bundles of carbon nanotubes are formed. Compared with the single micropore structure of the traditional activated carbon, the carbon nano tube has micropores and mesoporous structures at the same time, which is the basis of the adsorption performance of the carbon nano tube. In addition, the carbon nano tube has good chemical inertia, smaller density, flexible and changeable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, so that the carbon nano tube becomes a very good adsorption material. Besides the adsorption effect on inorganic ions, metal ions and organic matters, the carbon nano tube also has good biological adsorption capacity, which has important significance for promoting the research of the granulation of the aerobic sludge. Carbon nanotubes exhibit three basic properties for adsorption of microorganisms: firstly, compared with other traditional adsorbents, the carbon nano tube has the highest bacterial adsorption capacity; secondly, the carbon nano tube has selective adsorption property to microorganisms; finally, the adsorption of microorganisms by carbon nanotubes occurs very rapidly, almost instantaneously. These characteristics lay a good theoretical foundation for the carbon nanotubes to promote the granulation of the aerobic sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for promoting the granulation of aerobic sludge to treat organic wastewater by using carbon nanotubes.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a method for treating organic wastewater by promoting aerobic sludge granulation through carbon nanotubes, which comprises the following steps:
1) Preparation of chloroaniline simulated wastewater
The simulated wastewater containing parachloroaniline is prepared by tap water, and the components comprise: 0.5 to 4.0 g/L sodium propionate (or glucose), 0.1 to 1.0 g/L (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 (or NH) 4 Cl), 0.05-0.5 g/L MgSO 4 ·7H 2 0.05-2.0 g/L KH of O 2 PO 4 0.05 to 2.0 g/L K 2 HPO 4 0.01 to 0.05 g/L CaSO 4 20-150 mg/L p-chloroaniline, and adopting 10% HCl and NaOH to adjust the pH value of the simulated wastewater to 7.0; the chemical oxygen demand concentration in the prepared simulated wastewater is 500-3000 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 25-500 mg/L;
2) Addition of carbon nanotubes in SBAR reactor
The test adopts a sequencing batch up-flow activated sludge reactor process; taking aerobic activated sludge with the sludge concentration (MLSS) of 1000-8000 mg/L, adding the aerobic activated sludge into an SBAR reactor, continuously aerating for 24 hours, standing for 30 minutes, and pouring out supernatant; adding 0.5-3 g of carbon nano tube into an SBAR reactor, and injecting parachloroaniline simulated wastewater into the reactor after starting continuous operation;
3) Reactor start-up and aerobic granular sludge culture
Forming an operation period from the first water inflow to the second water inflow, wherein the operation period is 2-8 per day, and the time of each operation period is 3-12 hours; wherein, in each period, the water inlet time is set to be 2-20 minutes, the aeration time is 100-600 minutes, the sedimentation time is 2-20 minutes, the drainage time is 2-30 minutes, the aeration amount is 0.5-3.0 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen in water is 2-10 mg/l, the hydraulic retention time is 2-12 hours, and the hydraulic shear force is 0.5-3.0 cm/s; the volume exchange rate is 30-80%.
In the method for promoting the granulation of the aerobic sludge to treat the organic wastewater by the carbon nano tube, the properties such as the particle size, appearance form, sludge concentration, sedimentation performance, density and integrity coefficient of the aerobic granular sludge are observed regularly in the starting operation process of the reactor, the effluent quality is measured regularly in each period, and the sludge granulation degree, the stability of the granular sludge in long-term operation and the removal effect of the parachloroaniline simulated wastewater are analyzed and judged.
The invention has the advantages and effects that:
1. the carbon nano tube is used as a novel carbon material, and has good performance on microorganisms due to the characteristic of large specific surface area, including higher adsorption capacity, higher adsorption rate and the like on bacteria, so that the carbon nano tube is used as an induced condensation nucleus, and the microorganisms in the aerobic granular sludge are adsorbed and fixed on the surface of the carbon nano tube by utilizing a special structure of the carbon nano tube, thereby achieving the purpose of promoting the granulation of the aerobic sludge. The formed sludge has regular particle characteristics, compact structure and good sedimentation performance, and has stronger impact resistance and compounding capability, so that the problems of long time for culturing the aerobic particle sludge, unstable particle sludge performance, easy disintegration and the like in the traditional method are solved, a novel method is provided for developing and promoting the aerobic particle sludge technology, and theoretical support is provided for solving the practical engineering application of the aerobic particle sludge technology.
2. According to the method, the carbon nano tube is used as an induced coagulation core, so that the time for granulating the aerobic sludge is shortened, the granule performance of the aerobic sludge is enhanced, the formed sludge granule has regular appearance, clear edge, compact structure and good sedimentation performance, can stably operate for a long time under the optimal operation parameters after optimization and regulation, and the treatment efficiency of organic wastewater is improved, so that the problems of long time for culturing the aerobic granule sludge, unstable granule sludge performance, easiness in disintegration and the like in the traditional method are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a carbon nanotube structure in the background art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a sequencing batch up-flow activated sludge reactor of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a microscopic electron micrograph (5000X) of a carbon nanotube according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph (400X) of the appearance of an aerobic granular sludge induced by a carbon nanotube according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a sand core aeration head; 2. a glass rotameter; 3. an oxygenation pump; 4. a time controller; 5. submersible pump; 6. a water inlet tank; 7. an electromagnetic valve; 8. a water inlet; 9. a water outlet; 10. a water outlet tank; 11. a rising pipe; 12. a down pipe; 13. portable dissolved oxygen meter.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.
Example 1:
1. preparation of p-chloroaniline simulated wastewater
The simulated wastewater containing parachloroaniline is prepared by tap water, and the components comprise: 0.65 g/l sodium propionate, 0.09 g/l (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 0.03 g/L MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O,0.05 g/L KH 2 PO 4 0.05 g/l K 2 HPO 4 0.03 g/l CaSO 4 50 mg/L p-chloroaniline, the pH of the simulated wastewater was adjusted to about 7.0 using 10% HCl and NaOH. The COD concentration in the prepared simulated wastewater is 500 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 25 mg/L.
2. Adding carbon nano tube into SBAR reactor
The test adopts an SBAR activated sludge reactor which is self-designed and assembled. The reactor body is a double-wall cylindrical organic glass container, the total volume is 7.85 liters, and the effective volume is 7 liters. The height of the downcomer 12 is 100 cm, the inner diameter is 10 cm, and the ratio of height to diameter is 10:1; the riser 11 has a height of 70 cm, an inner diameter of 5 cm and a clearance of 1.5 cm from the bottom. 4 water draining/feeding valves are respectively arranged at 5 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm and 80 cm positions along the side wall from bottom to top. After the reactor starts to run continuously, p-chloroaniline simulation wastewater in a water inlet tank 6 is injected into the reactor through a water inlet 8 at the lowest end by a micro submersible pump 5 ZL25-02G1, water inlet and flow rate are controlled by a ZCT electromagnetic valve 7, water outlet is discharged into a water discharge tank 10 through a water outlet 9 which is 50 cm away from the bottom of the reactor, and water discharge is controlled by the ZCT electromagnetic valve 7. Oxygen required by sludge in the reactor is provided by an ACO-004 miniature oxygenation pump 3, aeration is carried out through a porous sand core aeration head 1 at the bottom of the reactor, and the oxygenation pump is connected with a KG30S-15 glass rotameter 2 to adjust the aeration amount. The DO value of the dissolved oxygen concentration was measured on line by using the JPB-607A portable dissolved oxygen meter 13. The whole operation system adopts a time controller 4 to control the time of each stage of reactor water inlet, aeration, sedimentation, idling and water discharge.
The activated sludge used in the experiment is secondary sedimentation tank activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant, and has a blackish brown color, the sludge concentration MLSS is 7240 mg/L, and the sludge sedimentation index SVI is 124 ml/g. The activated sludge is continuously aerated for 24 hours and then is kept stand for 30 minutes without adding any nutrient substances, and the supernatant is poured out in order to remove organic matters carried in the sludge and activate microorganisms in a dormant state. Activated sludge is injected into an SBAR reactor, and the sewage is simulated by using p-chloroaniline to adjust the sludge concentration MLSS to about 4000 mg/L. 1.5 g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes were added to an SBAR reactor, and after starting continuous operation, p-chloroaniline was injected to a constant volume of 7 liters.
3. Reactor start-up and aerobic granular sludge culture
An operation period is formed from the first water inflow to the second water inflow, and the optimal operation parameters of the reactor after experimental optimization regulation are as follows: the daily run time was 4 and each run time was 6 hours. The operating parameters for each cycle are shown in table 1. Wherein the aeration amount is 1.5 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen in water is 9 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is 8 hours, and the hydraulic shearing force is 1.5 cm/s. The volume exchange rate was 50%.
TABLE 1 operating parameters of SBAR reactor
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Under the starting condition, the carbon nano tube is added to serve as an SBAR reactor for inducing coagulation, and the complete granulation of the activated sludge is realized after the SBAR reactor is operated for 20 days, so that the cultivation time is shortened by 25 days compared with the aerobic granular sludge prepared conventionally under the same operation parameters. The granular sludge induced by the carbon nano tube is light yellow, has uniform size distribution, regular shape, compact structure, particle size distribution of 1-2 mm, porosity of 0.32-0.56, density of 1.824-1.905 g/L, sludge concentration MLSS of 5140 mg/L, sludge sedimentation velocity of 27.67 m/h and SVI of 44.84 ml/g. The granular sludge can stably run for 140 days in the reactor for a long time, and the integrity coefficient of the granular sludge is always more than 90% in 40 days longer than that of the conventionally prepared aerobic granular sludge. The removal rate of the parachloroaniline in the simulated wastewater in each period is always more than 65%, the removal rate of COD is more than 90%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is more than 85%, and the method is obviously better than the treatment effect of an aerobic granular sludge reactor conventionally prepared under the same operation condition (the removal rate of parachloroaniline is about 50%, the removal rate of COD is about 85% and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is about 75%).
Example 2:
1. preparation of p-chloroaniline simulated wastewater
The simulated wastewater containing parachloroaniline is prepared by tap water, and the components comprise: 0.9 g/l glucose, 0.15 g/l NH 4 Cl,0.05 g/L MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O,0.05 g/L KH 2 PO 4 0.05 g/l K 2 HPO 4 0.02 g/l CaSO 4 The pH of the simulated wastewater was adjusted to about 7.0 with 10% HCl and NaOH at 30 mg/L p-chloroaniline. The COD concentration in the prepared simulated wastewater is 1000 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 50 mg/L.
3. Adding carbon nano tube into SBAR reactor
The test adopts an SBAR activated sludge reactor which is self-designed and assembled. The reactor body is a double-wall cylindrical organic glass container, the total volume is 7.85 liters, and the effective volume is 7 liters. The height of the downcomer 12 is 100 cm, the inner diameter is 10 cm, and the ratio of height to diameter is 10:1; the riser 11 has a height of 70 cm, an inner diameter of 5 cm and a clearance of 1.5 cm from the bottom. 4 water draining/feeding valves are respectively arranged at 5 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm and 80 cm positions along the side wall from bottom to top. After the reactor starts to run continuously, p-chloroaniline simulation wastewater in a water inlet tank 6 is injected into the reactor through a water inlet 8 at the lowest end by a micro submersible pump 5 ZL25-02G1, water inlet and flow rate are controlled by a ZCT electromagnetic valve 7, water outlet is discharged into a water discharge tank 10 through a water outlet 9 which is 50 cm away from the bottom of the reactor, and water discharge is controlled by the ZCT electromagnetic valve 7. Oxygen required by sludge in the reactor is provided by an ACO-004 miniature oxygenation pump 3, aeration is carried out through a porous sand core aeration head 1 at the bottom of the reactor, and the oxygenation pump is connected with a KG30S-15 glass rotameter 2 to adjust the aeration amount. The dissolved oxygen concentration DO value was measured on line by using a JPB-607A portable dissolved oxygen analyzer 13. The whole operation system adopts a time controller 4 to control the time of each stage of reactor water inlet, aeration, sedimentation, idling and water discharge.
The activated sludge used in the experiment is secondary sedimentation tank activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant, the activated sludge is brown, the sludge concentration MLSS is 5430 mg/L, and the sludge sedimentation index SVI is 106 ml/g. The activated sludge is continuously aerated for 24 hours and then is kept stand for 30 minutes without adding any nutrient substances, and the supernatant is poured out in order to remove organic matters carried in the sludge and activate microorganisms in a dormant state. Activated sludge was injected into the SBAR reactor and the sludge concentration was adjusted to 4000 mg/l using p-chloroaniline to simulate wastewater. 2.0 g of single-walled carbon nanotubes are added into an SBAR reactor, and after continuous operation is started, parachloroaniline is injected to simulate the wastewater to a constant volume of 7 liters.
3. Reactor start-up and aerobic granular sludge culture
An operation period is formed from the first water inlet to the second water inlet, the daily operation period is 5, and each operation period time is 4.8 hours. The operating parameters for each cycle are shown in table 1. Wherein the aeration amount is 1.2 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen in water is 8 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is 6 hours, and the hydraulic shearing force is 1.2 cm/s. The volume exchange rate was 50%.
TABLE 1 operating parameters of SBAR reactor
Figure 190853DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Under the starting condition, the carbon nano tube is added to be used as an SBAR reactor for inducing coagulation, and the complete granulation of the activated sludge is realized after the SBAR reactor is operated for 30 days, and compared with the aerobic granular sludge conventionally prepared under the same operation parameters, the cultivation time is shortened by 21 days. The granular sludge induced by the carbon nano tube is light yellow, has uniform size distribution, regular shape, compact structure, particle size distribution of 2-3 mm, porosity of 0.53-0.78, density of 1.601-1.683 g/L, sludge concentration MLSS of 4670 mg/L, sludge sedimentation rate of 22.08 m/h and SVI of 48.31 ml/g. The granular sludge can stably run for 110 days in the reactor for a long time, and the integrity coefficient of the granular sludge is always more than 90% in the period of 25 days longer than that of the conventionally prepared aerobic granular sludge. The removal rate of the parachloroaniline in the simulated wastewater in each period is always above 60%, the removal rate of COD is above 85%, the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is above 80%, and the method is obviously better than the treatment effect of an aerobic granular sludge reactor conventionally prepared under the same operation condition (the removal rate of parachloroaniline is about 50%, the removal rate of COD is about 80% and the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen is about 60%).

Claims (2)

1. A method for treating organic wastewater by promoting aerobic sludge granulation through carbon nanotubes, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Preparation of p-chloroaniline simulated wastewater
The simulated wastewater containing parachloroaniline is prepared by tap water, and the components comprise: 0.65 g/l sodium propionate, 0.09 g/l (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 0.03 g/L MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O,0.05 g/L KH 2 PO 4 0.05 g/l K 2 HPO 4 0.03 g/L Ca S O 4 50 mg/L p-chloroaniline, the pH of the simulated wastewater was adjusted to 7.0 using 10% HCl and NaOH; the COD concentration in the prepared simulated wastewater is 500 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 25 mg/L;
2) Addition of carbon nanotubes in SBAR reactor
The test adopts an SBAR activated sludge reactor which is self-designed and assembled; the main body of the reactor is a double-wall cylindrical organic glass container, the total volume is 7.85 liters, and the effective volume is 7 liters; the height of the downcomer 12 is 100 cm, the inner diameter is 10 cm, and the ratio of height to diameter is 10:1; the height of the rising pipe 11 is 70 cm, the inner diameter is 5 cm, and the gap between the rising pipe and the bottom is 1.5 cm; 4 water draining/feeding valves are respectively arranged at 5 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm and 80 cm along the side wall from bottom to top;
the activated sludge used in the experiment is secondary sedimentation tank activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant, the activated sludge is black brown, the sludge concentration MLSS is 7240 mg/L, the sludge sedimentation index SVI is 124 ml/g, no nutrient substances are added, the activated sludge is continuously aerated for 24 hours and then is kept stand for 30 minutes, the supernatant is poured out, the purpose is to remove organic matters carried in the sludge and activate microorganisms in a dormant state, the activated sludge is taken and injected into an SBAR reactor, the sludge concentration MLSS is regulated to 4000 mg/L by using p-chloroaniline, 1.5 g of multi-walled carbon nanotubes are added into the SBAR reactor, and the p-chloroaniline is injected into the SBAR reactor to fix the volume to 7L after the continuous operation is started; injecting parachloroaniline simulated wastewater in a water inlet tank into a reactor through a water inlet at the lowest end by a ZLT 25-02G1 miniature submersible pump, controlling water inlet and flow rate by adopting a ZCT type electromagnetic valve, discharging water into a water discharge tank through a water outlet 50 cm away from the bottom of the reactor, and controlling water discharge by using the ZCT type electromagnetic valve; oxygen required by sludge in the reactor is provided by an ACO-004 miniature oxygenation pump, aeration is carried out through a porous sand core aeration head at the bottom of the reactor, and the oxygenation pump is connected with a KG30S-15 glass rotameter to adjust the aeration amount; the dissolved oxygen concentration DO value is measured on line by utilizing a JPB-607A portable dissolved oxygen meter 13; the whole operation system adopts a time controller 4 to control the time of each stage of water inlet, aeration, precipitation, idling and water discharge of the reactor;
3) Reactor start-up and aerobic granular sludge culture
An operation period is formed from the first water inflow to the second water inflow, and the optimal operation parameters of the reactor after experimental optimization regulation are as follows: the operation period is 4 per day, and the time of each operation period is 6 hours; the operating parameters within each cycle are: the time is 1 day, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 329 minutes, the sedimentation time is 25 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; the time is 2-4 days, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 334 minutes, the sedimentation time is 20 minutes, and the water drainage time is 3 minutes; the time is 5-7 days, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 339 minutes, the sedimentation time is 15 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; the time is 8-10 days, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 342 minutes, the sedimentation time is 12 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; the time is 11-days, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 349 minutes, the sedimentation time is 5 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; wherein the aeration amount is 1.5 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen in water is 9 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is 8 hours, the hydraulic shear force is 1.5 cm/s, and the volume exchange rate is 50%.
2. A method for treating organic wastewater by promoting aerobic sludge granulation through carbon nanotubes, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Preparation of p-chloroaniline simulated wastewater
The simulated wastewater containing parachloroaniline is prepared by tap water, and the components comprise: 0.9 g/l glucose, 0.15 g/l NH 4 Cl,0.05 g/L MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O,0.05 g/L KH 2 PO 4 0.05 g/l K 2 HPO 4 0.02 g/l CaSO 4 30 mg/L p-chloroaniline, the pH of the simulated wastewater was adjusted to 7.0 using 10% HCl and NaOH; the COD concentration in the prepared simulated wastewater is 1000 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen concentration is 50 mg/L;
2) Addition of carbon nanotubes in SBAR reactor
The test adopts an SBAR activated sludge reactor which is self-designed and assembled; the main body of the reactor is a double-wall cylindrical organic glass container, the total volume is 7.85 liters, and the effective volume is 7 liters; the height of the downcomer 12 is 100 cm, the inner diameter is 10 cm, and the ratio of height to diameter is 10:1; the height of the rising pipe 11 is 70 cm, the inner diameter is 5 cm, the gap between the rising pipe and the bottom is 1.5 cm, and 4 water draining/feeding valves are respectively arranged at the positions of 5 cm, 30 cm, 50 cm and 80 cm from bottom to top along the side wall; the activated sludge used in the experiment is secondary sedimentation tank activated sludge of a sewage treatment plant, the activated sludge is brown, the sludge concentration MLSS is 5430 mg/L, the sludge sedimentation index SVI is 106 ml/g, no nutrient substances are added, the activated sludge is continuously aerated for 24 hours and then is kept stand for 30 minutes, and the supernatant is poured out, so as to remove organic matters carried in the sludge and activate microorganisms in a dormant state; the activated sludge is injected into an SBAR reactor, the concentration of the sludge is regulated to 4000 mg/L by using p-chloroaniline simulated wastewater, 2.0 g of single-walled carbon nanotubes are added into the SBAR reactor, and after continuous operation is started, the p-chloroaniline simulated wastewater is injected to a constant volume of 7L; injecting parachloroaniline simulated wastewater in a water inlet tank into a reactor through a water inlet at the lowest end by a ZLT 25-02G1 miniature submersible pump, controlling water inlet and flow rate by adopting a ZCT type electromagnetic valve, discharging water into a water discharge tank through a water outlet 50 cm away from the bottom of the reactor, and controlling water discharge by using the ZCT type electromagnetic valve; oxygen required by sludge in the reactor is provided by an ACO-004 miniature oxygenation pump, aeration is carried out through a porous sand core aeration head at the bottom of the reactor, and the oxygenation pump is connected with a KG30S-15 glass rotameter to adjust the aeration amount; utilizing a JPB-607A portable dissolved oxygen analyzer to measure the DO value of the dissolved oxygen concentration on line; the whole operation system adopts a time controller to control the time of each stage of water inlet, aeration, precipitation, idling and water discharge of the reactor;
3) Reactor start-up and aerobic granular sludge culture
Forming an operation period from the first water inflow to the second water inflow, wherein the daily operation period is 5, and the time of each operation period is 4.8 hours; the operating parameters within each cycle are: the time is 1 day, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 262 minutes, the sedimentation time is 20 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; the time is 2-4 days, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 267 minutes, the sedimentation time is 15 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; the time is 5-7 days, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 270 minutes, the sedimentation time is 12 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; the time is 8-10 days, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 274 minutes, the sedimentation time is 8 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; the time is 11-days, the water inlet time is 3 minutes, the aeration time is 277 minutes, the sedimentation time is 5 minutes, and the water discharge time is 3 minutes; wherein the aeration amount is 1.2 cm/s, the dissolved oxygen in water is 8 mg/l, the hydraulic retention time is 6 hours, the hydraulic shear force is 1.2 cm/s, and the volume exchange rate is 50%.
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