CN112866971B - Satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle carries on aerial to ground networking system of 4G communication base station - Google Patents
Satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle carries on aerial to ground networking system of 4G communication base station Download PDFInfo
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- CN112866971B CN112866971B CN202110062417.0A CN202110062417A CN112866971B CN 112866971 B CN112866971 B CN 112866971B CN 202110062417 A CN202110062417 A CN 202110062417A CN 112866971 B CN112866971 B CN 112866971B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18517—Transmission equipment in earth stations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18519—Operations control, administration or maintenance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses an air-to-ground networking system of a 4G communication base station carried by a satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises 4G communication base station equipment, a sight distance link airborne terminal, a Ka satellite airborne terminal, a ground control station and a gateway station, wherein the 4G communication base station equipment, the sight distance link airborne terminal, the Ka satellite airborne terminal, the ground control station and the gateway station are integrated on an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, the Ka satellite airborne terminal and the gateway station form a Ka satellite communication link through a low-orbit broadband communication satellite, and the 4G communication base station equipment and the sight distance link airborne terminal are both connected with the Ka satellite airborne terminal. The system can provide networking services with lower delay and larger bandwidth by utilizing the 4G communication technology and the Ka high-throughput satellite communication system, and supports the access of more ground terminal users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of emergency communication, and particularly relates to an aerial ground networking system of a satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle carrying a 4G communication base station.
Background
At present, the traditional communication emergency networking support mode in China mainly comprises an emergency communication support vehicle, a satellite communication system and a mooring type unmanned aerial vehicle base station, but the emergency communication vehicle is influenced by traffic and roads and cannot reach the emergency communication vehicle in a short time; the satellite communication has the problems of low terminal popularization, poor signal, large time delay, high charge and the like; the low-altitude station of the mooring type unmanned aerial vehicle has the limitations of short flight time, small load, small coverage area, short power supply time and the like. In a large and medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle communication relay system developed in recent years, communication networking is realized by matching a 4G base station with a Ku satellite communication data chain, but the bandwidth of the Ku frequency band satellite communication data chain is limited, the forward transmission rate is not more than 512kbps, the backward transmission rate is not more than 8192kbps, a few transmission bandwidths required by photoelectric loads and other service data of an unmanned aerial vehicle are eliminated in the actual use process, the uploading/downloading bandwidth reserved for the use of the 4G communication base station is lower, the application of the whole system is limited, and the number of supported ground user terminals accessing the network is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the aerial ground networking system of the satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle carrying the 4G communication base station solves the problem of low network access number of the supported ground user terminal.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle carries on aerial to ground networking system of 4G communication base station, including 4G communication base station equipment, stadia distance link airborne terminal and Ka satellite on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform of integration, and ground control station and gateway station, ka satellite on-board terminal forms Ka satellite on-board link through low orbit broadband communication satellite with the gateway station, 4G communication base station equipment and stadia distance link airborne terminal all with Ka satellite on-board terminal connection.
Further: and a task load device is further integrated on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: and the task load equipment is respectively connected with the Ka satellite communication airborne terminal and the line-of-sight link airborne terminal.
Further: the task load equipment can carry a photoelectric reconnaissance load to realize ground search, identification and tracking according to a task scene; carrying an aerial survey camera to realize geographical surveying and mapping, image acquisition and three-dimensional reconstruction; and carrying the synthetic aperture radar to realize image acquisition in all weather.
Further: the photoelectric detection load is integrated with visible light, infrared light and laser.
Further: the 4G communication base station equipment carries out antenna shaping design according to an antenna directional diagram and simulates in combination with the flight attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle to confirm the coverage range of the ground communication networking, the 4G communication base station is accessed to a Ka satellite communication airborne terminal through a network port, and is connected with an operator core network through a Ka satellite communication link by a ground gateway station to realize bidirectional 4G service data exchange and provide 4G service for a ground networking area.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the ground control station includes flight control position, task control position and communication management position, flight control position is used for monitoring the unmanned aerial vehicle platform, task control position is used for monitoring task load equipment and the 4G communication base station equipment that unmanned aerial vehicle carried on, communication management position is used for monitoring unmanned aerial vehicle stadia and beyond the horizon data chain.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: and the line-of-sight link airborne terminal transmits uplink and downlink service data within the line-of-sight range of the unmanned aerial vehicle in real time, and is connected with the Ka satellite communication airborne terminal through a network interface to complete the mutual control and mutual transmission function of the Ka satellite communication link and the line-of-sight link.
Further: the gateway station is provided with a large-aperture antenna and connected with a ground telecommunication network and a satellite feed beam, the gateway station is communicated with a ground control station through a ground private network/VPN to transmit uplink and downlink service data, and the gateway station is communicated with an operator core network through the ground private network/VPN to transmit 4G uplink and downlink data.
Further: the 4G communication base station equipment is connected with the ground terminal through networking signals, and the ground terminal comprises a 4G mobile phone and other 4G terminals.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with the traditional communication emergency networking support mode in China, the invention has the advantages that the whole set of system has short task preparation time, strong maneuverability, long idle time and large ground networking coverage range, and supports the access of more ground terminal users;
2. compared with other large and medium unmanned aerial vehicle communication relay systems which carry a satellite system of 4G + Ku, the satellite communication relay system has the advantages that the forward data transmission rate of the satellite communication relay system is less than or equal to 512kbps, and the backward data transmission rate is less than or equal to 8Mbps. The invention adopts the scheme based on the Ka high-flux satellite system fusion 4G technology, has small time delay, large bandwidth and low cost, and can obviously improve the access quantity and quality of the ground terminal;
3. other large and medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle communication relay systems mostly adopt point-to-point data transmission modes such as asynchronous serial ports and synchronous serial ports, base station equipment needs corresponding interface protocol conversion equipment matched with the ground on the machine to realize interface conversion and data transmission, the system cross-linking relation is complex, the occupied resources on the machine and the ground are more, the cost is high, and the expansibility is poor. The invention adopts the network design, the compatibility and the expansibility of the system architecture are strong, the scale of the system is greatly reduced, the reliability of the system is increased and the hardware cost is saved.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all changes that can be made by the invention using the inventive concept are intended to be protected.
As shown in fig. 1, the satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted 4G communication base station air-to-ground networking system comprises 4G communication base station equipment, a line-of-sight link airborne terminal, a Ka satellite communication airborne terminal, task load equipment (the task load equipment is optionally installed or not required according to task requirements), a ground control station and a gateway station, wherein the 4G communication base station equipment, the line-of-sight link airborne terminal, the Ka satellite communication airborne terminal and the gateway station form a Ka satellite communication link through a low-orbit broadband communication satellite, and the 4G communication base station equipment and the line-of-sight link airborne terminal are both connected with the Ka satellite communication airborne terminal.
Unmanned aerial vehicle platform: the system is used as an air platform for carrying 4G communication base station equipment, a Ka satellite communication airborne terminal and application field Jing Suoxu task load equipment, and can execute air-to-ground communication networking tasks timely, efficiently and all-weather for a long time;
a BBU (baseband processing unit) in the 4G communication base station equipment is mainly responsible for processing baseband digital signals; the RRU (remote radio unit) is mainly used for completing the amplification and demodulation of uplink radio frequency signals from an antenna, transmitting data to the BBU through an optical fiber, modulating and amplifying downlink data from the BBU, and sending the data through the antenna; carrying out antenna shaping design according to an antenna directional diagram, and simulating by combining with the flight attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle to confirm the coverage range of the ground communication networking; the 4G communication base station is accessed to the Ka satellite communication onboard terminal through the network interface, and is connected with the core of an operator through a Ka satellite communication link by a ground gateway station in a private line or VPN mode, so that bidirectional 4G service data exchange is realized, and 4G service is provided for a ground networking area.
The ground control station mainly completes the operation and state monitoring of the sight distance and the beyond sight distance of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and comprises various operation seats, such as a flight monitoring seat, a task monitoring seat, a communication management seat and the like, wherein the flight monitoring seat is used for monitoring an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, the task monitoring seat is used for monitoring various task load equipment and 4G communication base station equipment carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle, and the communication management seat is responsible for monitoring the sight distance and the beyond sight distance data chain of the unmanned aerial vehicle.
Ka defend the machine carries the terminal station: the method mainly realizes real-time transmission of uplink and downlink service data in the beyond-the-horizon range of the unmanned aerial vehicle, adopts an advanced IP interface design, has network interfaces with 4G communication base station equipment, a line-of-sight link airborne terminal and task load equipment, has service plane and control plane separation, and realizes empty interface fusion transmission of 4G service data;
the line-of-sight link airborne terminal mainly realizes real-time transmission of uplink and downlink service data in the line-of-sight range of the unmanned aerial vehicle, is connected with the Kasatellite communication airborne terminal through a network interface, and completes the mutual control and mutual transmission function of the Kasatellite communication link and the line-of-sight link.
The task load equipment can carry photoelectric reconnaissance loads (integrating visible light, infrared light and laser light) to realize ground searching, identification, tracking and the like according to a task scene; carrying an aerial survey camera to realize geographical surveying and mapping, image acquisition, three-dimensional reconstruction and the like; and carrying out all-weather image acquisition by using the synthetic aperture radar. Besides the above devices, other task scenario applicable loads can be carried. The loads are connected with the line-of-sight link airborne terminal through a network interface and are connected with the Ka satellite communication airborne terminal through a network interface, so that line-of-sight and beyond-line-of-sight transmission of service data is realized and the service data is transmitted back to the ground control station.
The gateway station is provided with a large-caliber antenna which is connected with a ground telecommunication network and a satellite feed beam. The Ka satellite communication airborne terminal realizes two-way communication with the gateway station through a satellite, and the gateway station is communicated with the ground control station through a ground private network/VPN (virtual private network/virtual private network) to transmit uplink and downlink service data; the gateway station is communicated with the operator core network through a ground private network/VPN, and 4G uploading and downloading data (voice, data and the like) are transmitted;
the ground terminal comprises any terminal equipment supporting 4G communication, such as a 4G mobile phone. Belonging to a service object.
The system of the invention has the working mode that:
the 4G communication base station equipment is integrated with the unmanned aerial vehicle platform through a mechanical interface and an electrical interface, the platform provides installation space and power supply for the unmanned aerial vehicle platform, and meanwhile, the antenna is shaped, so that the requirement of continuous ground coverage indexes is met, and independent networking of ground 4G signals is realized; the base station equipment is connected with the Ka satellite communication airborne terminal through a network interface and transmits forward and backward 4G service data; the Ka satellite communication airborne terminal establishes a 4G space-based return channel in the air through a low-orbit broadband communication satellite, and communicates a 4G networking coverage area with an operator core network through the 4G and low-orbit satellite broadband communication fusion; the unmanned aerial vehicle platform carries the system to fly to the task area and carries out 4G communication networking, and then information interconnection between the ground 4G networking coverage area and the outside world is realized.
The performance indexes which can be achieved by the invention are as follows:
a) The coverage area of the ground networking is as follows: not less than 50 square kilometers;
b) The guard-communication forward transmission rate: not less than 20Mbps;
c) The satellite-borne communication return transmission rate is as follows: not less than 20Mbps;
d) And (3) one-way transmission delay of the system: no more than 350ms;
e) Number of accessible user terminals: not less than 1500 (voices).
Compared with the traditional communication emergency networking support mode in China, the invention has the advantages that the whole set of system has short task preparation time, strong maneuverability, long idle time and large ground networking coverage range, and supports the access of more ground terminal users;
compared with other large and medium unmanned aerial vehicle communication relay systems which carry a satellite system of 4G + Ku, the satellite communication relay system has the advantages that the forward data transmission rate of the satellite communication relay system is less than or equal to 512kbps, and the backward data transmission rate is less than or equal to 8Mbps. The system adopts a scheme based on the Ka high-flux satellite system fusion 4G technology, has small time delay, large bandwidth and low cost, and can obviously improve the quantity and quality of ground terminals (see indexes);
other large and medium-sized unmanned aerial vehicle communication relay systems mostly adopt a point-to-point data transmission mode such as an asynchronous serial port and a synchronous serial port, base station equipment needs corresponding interface protocol conversion equipment matched with the ground on the machine to realize interface conversion and data transmission, the system has a complex cross-linking relation, and the machine and the ground occupy more resources, and are high in cost and poor in expansibility. The system adopts a networked design, has strong compatibility and expansibility of system architecture, greatly reduces the scale of the system, increases the reliability of the system and saves the hardware cost.
Claims (9)
1. A satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle carries on aerial to ground networking system of 4G communication base station, characterized by, including 4G communication base station apparatus, line-of-sight link airborne terminal and Ka defend's communication airborne terminal, and ground control station and gateway station integrated on unmanned aerial vehicle platform, the said Ka defend's communication airborne terminal forms Ka defend's communication link with the gateway station through the low-orbit broadband communication satellite, the said 4G communication base station apparatus and line-of-sight link airborne terminal are connected with Ka defend's communication airborne terminal;
the 4G communication base station equipment carries out antenna shaping design according to an antenna directional diagram and simulates in combination with the flight attitude of the unmanned aerial vehicle to confirm the coverage range of the ground communication networking, the 4G communication base station is accessed to a Ka satellite communication airborne terminal through a network port, and is connected with an operator core network through a Ka satellite communication link by a ground gateway station to realize bidirectional 4G service data exchange and provide 4G service for a ground networking area.
2. The satellite converged unmanned aerial vehicle-mounted 4G communication base station air-to-ground networking system according to claim 1, wherein a mission load device is further integrated on the unmanned aerial vehicle platform.
3. The air-to-ground networking system of the 4G communication base station carried by the satellite converged unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the task load device is respectively connected with a Ka satellite communication airborne terminal and a line-of-sight link airborne terminal.
4. The satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle carrying 4G communication base station air-to-ground networking system according to claim 2, wherein the task load equipment can carry photoelectric reconnaissance loads to search, identify and track the ground according to a task scene; carrying an aerial survey camera to realize geographical surveying and mapping, image acquisition and three-dimensional reconstruction; and carrying the synthetic aperture radar to realize image acquisition in all weather.
5. The air-to-ground networking system of the 4G communication base station carried by the satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the photoelectric detection load is integrated with visible light, infrared light and laser.
6. The air-to-ground networking system for 4G communication base stations carried by satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the ground control station comprises a flight monitoring seat, a task monitoring seat and a communication management seat, the flight monitoring seat is used for monitoring an unmanned aerial vehicle platform, the task monitoring seat is used for monitoring task load equipment and 4G communication base station equipment carried by the unmanned aerial vehicles, and the communication management seat is used for monitoring an unmanned aerial vehicle visual range and an beyond visual range data chain.
7. The air-to-ground networking system of the 4G communication base station carried by the satellite converged unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the line-of-sight link airborne terminal realizes real-time transmission of uplink and downlink service data within the range of line of sight of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and is connected with the Ka satellite communication airborne terminal through a network interface to complete the inter-control and inter-transmission function of the Ka satellite communication link and the line-of-sight link.
8. The air-to-ground networking system of the 4G communication base station carried by the satellite fusion unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the gateway station is provided with a large-caliber antenna and connected with a ground telecommunication network and a satellite feed beam, the gateway station is communicated with the ground control station through a ground private network/VPN to transmit uplink and downlink service data, and the gateway station is communicated with an operator core network through the ground private network/VPN to transmit 4G uplink and downlink data.
9. The air-to-ground networking system of the 4G communication base station carried by the satellite converged unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the 4G communication base station equipment is connected with ground terminals through networking signals, and the ground terminals comprise 4G mobile phones and other 4G terminals.
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| CN113448352B (en) * | 2021-09-01 | 2021-12-03 | 四川腾盾科技有限公司 | Double-machine control system of large unmanned aerial vehicle command control station |
| CN113726417B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2024-04-12 | 张浩洋 | Emergency communication system and communication method based on unmanned aerial vehicle bee colony dynamic deployment |
| CN114173305A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-11 | 中航(成都)无人机系统股份有限公司 | Emergency communication system based on unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN115189755B (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2023-11-21 | 联通航美网络有限公司 | VSAT and all-network communication 4G &5G base station integrated machine and operation method thereof |
| CN115776324B (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-07-25 | 中国人民解放军63921部队 | Aircraft measurement and control system based on low orbit satellite network |
| CN115603798A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-01-13 | 四川腾盾科技有限公司（Cn） | Satellite communication system of whole-network emergency communication unmanned aerial vehicle |
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