CN112858934A - Method for testing a battery sensor, and battery sensor - Google Patents
Method for testing a battery sensor, and battery sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN112858934A CN112858934A CN202011229264.6A CN202011229264A CN112858934A CN 112858934 A CN112858934 A CN 112858934A CN 202011229264 A CN202011229264 A CN 202011229264A CN 112858934 A CN112858934 A CN 112858934A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 29
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K13/00—Thermometers specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0092—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring current only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/26—Testing of individual semiconductor devices
- G01R31/2607—Circuits therefor
- G01R31/2632—Circuits therefor for testing diodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for testing a battery sensor, wherein the battery sensor has a recording device for recording a battery parameter, an evaluation circuit for evaluating the battery parameter, and a current source, wherein the method has the following steps: a) determining a first voltage drop between a first contact point upstream of the diode and a second contact point downstream of the electronic component in a first state in which only the operating current flows through the electronic component, b) then determining a second voltage drop between the first contact point and the second contact point in a second state in which an additional measuring current flows through the electronic component, c) determining the operating current flowing through the electronic component from the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop and the known measuring current, d) determining a sensor parameter from the operating current, e) comparing the sensor parameter with a limit value; f) if the sensor parameter exceeds and/or falls below the limit value, a fault signal is output.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for testing a battery sensor, wherein the battery sensor has at least one recording device for recording a battery parameter, an evaluation circuit for evaluating at least one recorded battery parameter, and a current source of the battery sensor. The invention also relates to such a battery sensor.
Background
Battery sensors are used in vehicles to record battery parameters in order to evaluate the state of the vehicle battery, in particular the state of charge of the vehicle battery. For this purpose, the battery sensor has a recording device for the battery voltage, the battery current or the battery temperature, for example. The battery sensor must be able to determine the battery parameters with very high reliability. For this reason, the battery sensor needs to have a diagnostic function in order to be able to test its own function, in particular at regular time intervals.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for testing a battery sensor and a battery sensor, both of which allow a reliable testing of the battery sensor.
In order to achieve this object, a method for testing a battery sensor is provided, wherein the battery sensor has at least one recording device for recording a battery parameter, an evaluation circuit for evaluating at least one recorded battery parameter, and a current source of the battery sensor, wherein a supply line for an operating current of the current source has an electronic component, the dependency between the voltage, the current and the temperature of which (in particular in the form of a performance map) is stored in a controller of the battery sensor. The method comprises the following steps:
a) determining a first voltage drop between a first contact point upstream of the electronic component and a second contact point downstream of the electronic component in a first state in which only the operating current flows through the electronic component,
b) then, in a second state in which a defined additional measuring current flows through the electronic component, a second voltage drop between a first contact point upstream of the electronic component and a second contact point downstream of the electronic component is determined,
c) determining the operating current flowing through the electronic component from the recorded first voltage drop, the recorded second voltage drop and the known measured current,
d) determining at least one sensor parameter from the determined operating current,
e) comparing the at least one sensor parameter to at least one limit value;
f) if the sensor parameter exceeds and/or falls below at least one limit value, a fault signal is output.
The electronic component is, for example, a diode, and the dependency between voltage, current, and temperature is represented by a diode characteristic diagram.
The advantages of the above-described method are explained below by way of example of a diode as electronic component, but instead of a diode it is also possible to use any other electronic component whose dependence between voltage, current and temperature (in particular in the form of a performance diagram) is known.
The diode is usually connected upstream of the current source of the battery sensor as a polarity reversal protection and is intended to keep the negative supply voltage away from the battery sensor, in particular from the circuit of the battery sensor. The full operating current drawn by the battery sensor flows through this diode.
Such diodes usually have a so-called diode characteristic diagram. In the case of a diode, the voltage drop across the diode varies with temperature, with the rate of temperature change being proportional to the change in voltage drop. The diode characteristic diagram shows the relationship between current and voltage drop at different temperatures. That is, the characteristic curve of the performance map defines the relationship between the current flowing through the diode and the voltage drop across the diode at a particular temperature. The current is usually plotted on a logarithmic scale with respect to the voltage, which means that the characteristic curves are approximately linear and parallel to each other within the relevant operating range.
In order to determine the operating current of the battery sensor, the current flowing through the diode can therefore be determined.
For this reason, in the first state where only the unknown operating current I1 flows through the diode, the voltage drop U1 across the diode is first measured by measuring the voltage upstream and downstream of the diode. In a second state, the measurement current Is then additionally conducted through the diode, so that the total current I2 — I1+ Is flows through the diode and the voltage drop U2 Is measured. Two pairs of values (I1, U1) and (I1+ Is; U2) were obtained from the two measurements. Using these two pairs of values, the gradient a of the diode characteristic in the relevant operating range can be calculated in the diode characteristic map. The operating current I1 may then be calculated, for example, using the equation given below.
a*(U2-U1)＝log10(I2)-log10(I1)
The calculated operating current may be used to test various parameters of the battery sensor.
The operating current of the battery sensor can be easily determined using the above-described method, e.g. without knowing the exact resistance of the electronic components. It is only necessary to record the voltage drop across the electronic component and apply a known additional measurement current.
The at least one sensor parameter may be, for example, the current consumption of the battery sensor itself and the first limit value is the maximum current consumption of the current source. Thus, the above method can be used to test whether the current consumption of the battery sensor itself is too high. In this case, it is assumed that the operation of the battery sensor is incorrect or defective, and a failure signal is output.
Since, at different temperatures, corresponding characteristic curves (in particular diode characteristic curves) exist in the stored voltage, current and temperature dependence (in particular in the stored diode characteristic map), the temperature of the electronic component, in particular the diode, can also be determined from the measured values and the determined operating current by determining the corresponding characteristic curve (in particular the diode characteristic curve) in which the two pairs of values lie. Since the electronic components are located on the circuit board of the battery sensor, this temperature substantially corresponds to the battery sensor temperature. Thus, the at least one sensor parameter may be a first battery sensor temperature determined from the determined voltage, the determined current and the dependency between the voltage, the current and the temperature of the electronic component. This temperature can be compared with a limit value.
Alternatively or additionally, the battery sensor may have an internal temperature sensor for determining a second battery sensor temperature that is compared to the battery sensor temperature. In this embodiment, the at least one limit value is defined as the maximum difference between the battery sensor temperature and the second temperature.
One sensor parameter may be the feed line resistance of the current source. In a state where the battery voltage is substantially constant, the voltage upstream of the electronic component in both states can be recorded. The difference between the measured voltages Is proportional to the added measurement current Is and the feed line resistance. Since the measurement current Is known, the feed line resistance can be calculated and compared to a predefined maximum value. If the measured resistance of the feed line is too large, a fault signal is likewise generated.
In order to record the voltage drop across the electronic component, it is necessary to record the voltage upstream and downstream of the electronic component. This recording may be performed in various ways. By way of example, the battery sensor may have a voltage recording device which is alternately connected in each case to the first contact point and the second contact point in order to record the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop. This makes it possible, for example, to compensate for system-induced errors in the measurement, for example offset errors of the voltage recording device, which, because of the same occurrence in both measurements, are cancelled out when the voltage drop is subtracted.
Alternatively, the battery sensor may have a first voltage recording device and a second voltage recording device, wherein the first voltage recording device is connected to the first contact point and the second voltage recording device is connected to the second contact point, wherein the voltages at the first contact point and the second contact point are recorded simultaneously. The advantage of using two voltage recording means is that the voltage can be measured at two contact points simultaneously, so that the measurement of the voltage drop is substantially independent of voltage fluctuations during the measurement.
The first voltage recording means may record the battery voltage, for example. Since the first voltage recording device is arranged upstream of the electronic component and is therefore connected to one of the battery poles, this first voltage recording device can also record the battery voltage. In particular, a corresponding voltage divider is arranged upstream of the first voltage recording device and/or the second voltage recording device in order to reduce the voltage to be measured at the first voltage recording device and/or the second voltage recording device. It is also possible to provide a corresponding filter, in particular a low-pass filter, upstream of the first voltage recording device and/or the second voltage recording device.
The second voltage measuring device may be alternately connected to the second contact point and the temperature sensor. The battery sensor usually has a temperature sensor, the value of which is recorded using a recording device. However, since the temperature of the battery sensor changes only slowly, the recording device of the temperature sensor can also be used temporarily for recording other values, in particular the voltage at the second contact point. For this purpose, a changeover switch is preferably provided, which can connect the recording device alternately to the second contact point and to the temperature sensor.
Alternatively, the relative error of the first voltage recording device and the second voltage recording device may be determined from the voltages determined at the first contact point and the second contact point in the second state.
The second state is formed, for example, by making an electrical connection between the energy source and the negative pole of the battery, wherein at least one resistor of known resistance is arranged in series between the energy source and the battery. Thereby, an additional measuring current of known magnitude can easily be led through the diode. A switch is preferably provided to form the electrical connection.
The battery sensor optionally has a current recording device with a measuring resistor and a recording device for recording the voltage drop across the measuring resistor, which recording device is in contact with a first contact upstream of the measuring resistor and a second contact downstream of the measuring resistor, wherein an electrical connection is connected to the first contact and the second contact, and wherein a fault message is output if the voltage drop exceeds a limit value in the second state. The recording means for recording the voltage drop across the measuring resistor record the difference between the voltages between the two contacts of the measuring resistor. If the measurement current is also applied to the contacts, this results in a change in the voltage at both contacts, which in total causes only a small change in the measurement voltage drop across the measurement resistor. On the other hand, if the connection of one of the contacts to the recording device for recording the voltage drop is interrupted, only the measuring current additionally applied at the respective other contact causes a change in the measuring voltage, so that the recorded voltage drop changes as a result of the measuring current being applied. The change in the voltage drop across the measuring resistor in the second state or in the change from the first state to the second state therefore leads to the conclusion that the current recording device has failed and a fault signal can be output.
In order to achieve this object, a battery sensor for recording at least one battery parameter is also provided, the battery sensor has at least one recording device for recording a battery parameter, an evaluation circuit for evaluating at least one recorded battery parameter, and a current source of the battery sensor, wherein the feed line for the operating current of the current source has an electronic component whose dependence between voltage, current and temperature is known (in particular a diode as polarity reversal protection), wherein the battery sensor has means for establishing a second state and at least one recording means, in the second state, an additional measuring current flows through the electronic component, and the at least one recording device is used to record a voltage drop between a first contact point upstream of the electronic component and a second contact point downstream of the electronic component. A controller for performing at least one of the above methods is also provided. The controller preferably stores a dependency between the voltage, the current and the temperature of the electronic component, in particular a diode characteristic diagram of the diode, which has a plurality of diode characteristic curves for different temperatures.
The battery sensor may have an internal temperature sensor by means of which a second battery sensor temperature is determined, wherein the controller is able to compare the second battery sensor temperature with the first battery sensor temperature and to output a fault signal if a limit value defining a maximum difference between the battery sensor temperature and the second temperature is exceeded.
By way of example, the battery sensor has a voltage recording device which can be alternately connected to the first contact point and the second contact point in order to record the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop. In particular, a switch is provided for alternately connecting the voltage recording device to the first contact point and the second contact point.
Alternatively, the battery sensor may have a first voltage recording device and a second voltage recording device, wherein the first voltage recording device is connected to the first contact and the second voltage recording device is connected to the second contact.
The first voltage recording means may also record the battery voltage.
The second voltage measuring device can be connected alternately to the second contact point and to the temperature sensor, in particular to the changeover switch.
In order to conduct the measurement current through the electronic component, an electrical connection can be formed between the energy source and the negative pole of the vehicle battery, wherein at least one resistor having a known resistance is arranged in series between the energy source and the battery. A switch is preferably provided to close or open the electrical connection.
The battery sensor has, for example, a current recording device with a measuring resistor and a recording device for recording the voltage drop across the measuring resistor, which recording device is in contact with a first contact upstream of the measuring resistor and a second contact downstream of the measuring resistor.
Drawings
Further advantages and features will become apparent from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a battery sensor according to the invention;
FIG. 2 shows an exemplary illustration of a diode characteristic diagram of a diode;
fig. 3 shows a diagram of a method for testing a battery sensor according to the invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a battery sensor 10 for recording battery parameters of a vehicle battery 12. The battery sensor 10 is fastened by way of a terminal at a first battery pole 14 of the vehicle battery 12 and is in electrical contact therewith. The battery sensor 10 is also electrically connected to the second battery pole 18 via the vehicle's electric-dissipative device 16 or the generator 22, so that a load current from the vehicle battery 12 flows through the battery sensor 10.
The battery sensor 10 has a current source 20 for the operating current I1 of the battery sensor 10, which is in contact with the second battery pole 18 via the feed line 24. The current source 20 supplies the entire battery sensor 10, in particular the control unit or evaluation unit of the battery sensor 10, with an operating current I1. A feed line resistor 26 and an electronic component 28 in the form of a diode are arranged in the feed line 24. The diode has a polarity inversion protection function which is intended to protect the circuitry of the battery sensor 10 against negative voltages.
In this embodiment, the battery parameters to be monitored by the battery sensor 10 are battery current 25 (i.e., load current), battery voltage, and battery temperature.
The battery voltage is recorded by a first voltage recording device 30 which is connected to a first contact point 32 upstream of the electronic component 28. The first voltage recording device 30 has a changeover switch 34 and a recording unit 36 with an analog-to-digital converter. A voltage divider 38, which is composed of two resistors 40, 42, is arranged between the first contact point 32 and the first voltage recording means 30.
A second voltage registering means 44 is also provided which may be connected to a second contact point 46 downstream of the electronic component 28. The second voltage recording means 44 has a changeover switch 48 and a recording unit 50 with an analog-to-digital converter. The temperature sensor 52 is also connected to the changeover switch 48. The contact point 46 or temperature sensor 52 may thus be selectively connected to the recording unit and analog-to-digital converter 50 via the changeover switch 48. In the same way as for the first voltage recording means 30, a voltage divider consisting of two resistors 54, 56 is arranged between the second contact point 46 and the changeover switch 48.
A corresponding filter, in particular a low-pass filter, which is formed, for example, by a resistor and a capacitor, may additionally be provided between the contact point 32 and the first voltage recording means 30 and between the second contact point 46 and the second voltage recording means 44.
The current recording device 58 has a measuring resistor 60 arranged on the current path and a recording device 62 which is connected via a differential amplifier 64 to two contacts 66, 68 upstream and downstream of the measuring resistor 60 and is capable of recording the voltage drop between the two contacts 66, 68. Between the recording means 62 and the contacts 66, 68, respective resistors 70, 72 are provided, wherein the resistors 70, 72 in particular have the same resistance.
The resistance of the measurement resistor 60 is known, which means that the current flowing through the measurement resistor 60, i.e. the battery current 25, can be calculated from the recorded voltage drop across the measurement resistor 60 and the resistance of the measurement resistor 60 using ohm's law.
The battery sensor also has an electrical connection 74 between the current source 20 and the first battery pole 14, which can be opened or closed via a switch 76.
Similarly, a second branch is provided, which has a voltage divider formed by resistors 86, 88, wherein a connection to the second contact 68 is formed via the resistors 86, 88 and a connection to the second contact 68 (i.e. the second input of the differential amplifier 64) is formed via a further resistor 90.
The battery sensor 10 also has a microcontroller 92 which comprises a controller for the battery sensor 10 and an evaluation circuit for evaluating the values of the recording device, and a terminal 94 of the vehicle electronics.
The microcontroller 92 also stores the dependency between the voltage, current and temperature of the electronic components, in particular in the form of a performance map. This dependency is stored in the form of a diode characteristic map of the diode 28. In the case of a diode, the voltage drop across the diode varies with temperature, with the rate of temperature change being proportional to the change in voltage drop. The diode characteristic diagram shows the relationship between current and voltage drop at different temperatures. That is, the characteristic curve of the performance map defines the relationship between the current flowing through the diode and the voltage drop across the diode at a particular temperature. Such a dependency relationship or such a performance map where the dependency relationship between voltage, current and temperature is known may also be formed for any other electronic component 28 and stored in the controller.
The current is usually plotted on a logarithmic scale with respect to the voltage, which means that the characteristic curves are approximately linear and parallel to each other in the relevant operating range (see fig. 2).
If the switch 76 is open, no current flows through the connection 74, so that only the operating current 22 flows through the feed line 24. If the switch 76 Is closed, an additional measuring current Is, which depends on the resistance of the resistors 60, 70, 72, 78, 80, 84, 86, 88, 90, flows through this connection and thus also through the feed line 24. The resistance of the resistors 60, 70, 72, 78, 80, 84, 86, 88, 90 is known, which means that the measurement current is known.
The above-described structure of the battery sensor 10 makes it possible to test various functions of the battery sensor or various sensor parameters.
The first sensor parameter may be, for example, the operating current I1 flowing through the diode 28.
To this end, in the first state in which the switch 76 is open (that is to say the connection 74 is interrupted), the voltage drop between the contact points 32, 46, i.e. the voltage drop U1 across the electronic component 28, is measured by measuring the voltage at the first contact point 32 with the first voltage recording device 30 and the voltage at the second contact point 46 with the second voltage recording device 44.
The second state Is then established by the additional measuring current Is flowing through the electronic component 28 by the switch 76 being closed. The current I2 flowing through the electronic component 28 in the second state therefore consists of the operating current I1 and the measurement current Is (I2 ═ I1+ Is). In this second state, a second voltage drop U2 between the contact points 32, 46 is measured.
Two pairs of values (I1, U1) and (I1+ Is; U2) were obtained from the two measurements. Using these two pairs of values, the gradient a of the diode characteristic curve in the relevant operating range can be calculated in the diode characteristic map (see fig. 2). Since the magnitude of the measured current Is and the voltage drops U1 and U2 are known, the operating current I1 can be calculated, for example, using the equation given below:
a*(U2-U1)＝log10(I2)-log10(I1)
the controller stores a limit value of the operating current I1 corresponding to the normal current draw of the battery sensor. If the battery current I1 exceeds or falls below the stored battery current limit, the current source or battery sensor is assumed to be operating incorrectly and a fault signal is output.
Another sensor parameter may be a first battery sensor temperature of the battery sensor 10. The temperature of the electronic components 28 substantially corresponds to the temperature of the battery sensor 10. As explained above, at a defined current, the resistance of the electronic component or the voltage drop of the electronic component 28 depends on the temperature of the electronic component 28.
If the operating current I1 and the voltage drop U1 are known, a corresponding characteristic curve can be recognized in the diode characteristic diagram and the temperature of the electronic component, i.e. the diode 28, can be determined therefrom, which temperature corresponds to the first battery sensor temperature.
The determined battery sensor temperature can likewise be compared with a limit value, wherein the limit value can be a defined temperature or a difference from the determined second battery sensor temperature. By way of example, the temperature sensor 52 is used to determine a second battery sensor temperature that is compared to the determined first battery sensor temperature.
If the limit value is exceeded, a fault signal is output.
The third sensor parameter may be the feed line resistance 26 of the battery sensor. In a state where the battery voltage is substantially constant, the voltage at the first contact 32 upstream of the electronic component 28 may be recorded in two states, i.e. when the switch is open and closed. The difference between the measured voltages Is proportional to the added measurement current Is and the feed line resistance. Since the measurement current Is known, the feed line resistance can be calculated and compared to a predefined maximum value. If the measured resistance of the feed line is too large, a fault signal is likewise generated.
In the embodiment of the battery sensor 10 shown here, the measuring current Is applied to both sides of the measuring resistor 60 via the electrical connection 74 and the resistors 78, 80, 84, 86, 88, 90 and the contacts 66, 68. Since the measuring current is thus applied to both sides of the measuring resistor 60, the measuring current only causes a voltage change, but this voltage change generally causes only a small change in the measuring voltage drop between the contacts 66, 68 (i.e. across the measuring resistor 60).
If the connection of one of the contacts 66, 68 to the recording device for recording the voltage drop, i.e. to the differential amplifier 64, is interrupted, only the measuring current additionally applied at the respective other contact 66, 68 causes a change in the measuring voltage. In this case, the application of the measurement current Is causes the voltage drop between the contacts 66, 68 measured by the differential amplifier to vary significantly. Thus, when the measurement current Is applied, a change in the voltage drop between the contacts 66, 68 may identify improper operation of the current recording device. Therefore, the change in the voltage drop across the measuring resistor 60 in the second state or in the change from the first state to the second state leads to the conclusion that the current recording device has failed, and a fault signal can be output.
Therefore, the above-described battery sensor 10 can be used to check a plurality of functions of the battery sensor 10, and as a result, the reliability of the battery sensor 10 and its measurement is improved.
The structure of the battery sensor 10 may also be varied if it is intended to check only certain functions or battery parameters listed above.
In the embodiment shown here, the measurement current Is generated by closing the switch 76 and thus forming the electrical connection 74 via the resistors 60, 70, 72, 78, 80, 84, 86, 88, 90. However, only a measurement current Is of known magnitude needs to be applied to the electronic component 28. This can also be generated in any other way and applied to the electronic component 28.
By way of example, at least some of the resistors 78, 80, 84, 86, 88, 90 may be omitted if the current recording device 64 does not need to be checked. It Is merely necessary to provide an electrical connection 74 via which a measuring current Is can flow.
As an alternative to the two voltage recording devices 44, 30, the battery sensor 10 may also have only one voltage recording device, which is alternately connected in each case to the first contact point and the second contact point in order to record the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop. This makes it possible, for example, to compensate for system-induced errors in the measurement, for example offset errors of the voltage recording device, which, because of the same occurrence in both measurements, are cancelled out when the voltage drop is subtracted.
Claims (21)
1. A method for testing a battery sensor (10), wherein the battery sensor (10) has at least one recording device (50, 30, 62) for recording a battery parameter, an evaluation circuit (92) for evaluating the at least one recorded battery parameter, and a current source (20) for the battery sensor (10), wherein a feed line for an operating current (I1) of the current source (20) has an electronic component (28), the voltage and the dependency between current and temperature of which are stored in a controller of the battery sensor, the method having the following steps:
a) determining a first voltage drop (U1) between a first contact point (32) upstream of the electronic component (28) and a second contact point (46) downstream of the electronic component (28) in a first state in which only the operating current (I1) flows through the electronic component (28),
b) then, in a second state in which a defined additional measuring current (Is) flows through the electronic component (28), a second voltage drop (U2) between the first contact point (32) upstream of the electronic component (28) and the second contact point (46) downstream of the electronic component (28) Is determined,
c) determining an operating current (I1) flowing through the electronic component (28) from the recorded first voltage drop (U1), the recorded second voltage drop (U2) and the known measured current (Is),
d) determining at least one sensor parameter from the determined operating current,
e) comparing the at least one sensor parameter to at least one limit value;
f) if the sensor parameter exceeds and/or falls below at least one limit value, a fault signal is output.
2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one sensor parameter is the current consumption of the battery sensor (10) itself and the at least one limit value is the maximum current consumption of the current source (20).
3. Method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the at least one sensor parameter is a first battery sensor temperature determined from the determined voltage, the determined current and the dependency between voltage and current and temperature of the electronic component (28).
4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the battery sensor (10) has an internal temperature sensor (52), by means of which a second battery sensor temperature is determined, which is compared with the first battery sensor temperature, wherein the at least one limit value defines a maximum difference between the first battery sensor temperature and the second battery sensor temperature.
5. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that one sensor parameter is the feed line resistance (26) of the current source (20).
6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the battery sensor (10) has a voltage recording device which is alternately connected to the first contact point (32) and the second contact point (46) in order to record the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop.
7. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the battery sensor (10) has a first voltage recording device (30) and a second voltage recording device (44), wherein the first voltage recording device (30) is connected to the first contact point (32) and the second voltage recording device (44) is connected to the second contact point (46), wherein the voltages at the first contact point (32) and at the second contact point (46) are recorded simultaneously.
8. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the first voltage recording means (30) record the battery voltage.
9. Method according to any one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that the second voltage measuring device (44) is alternately connected to the second contact point (46) and to a temperature sensor (52).
10. Method according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a relative error of the first voltage recording device (30) and the second voltage recording device (44) is determined on the basis of the first voltage and the second voltage determined in the second state.
11. The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second state is formed by forming an electrical connection (74) between the current source (20) and the vehicle battery (12), wherein at least one resistor (78, 80, 84, 86, 88, 90) of known resistance is arranged in series between the current source (20) and the vehicle battery (12).
12. Method according to claim 11, characterized in that the battery sensor (10) has a current recording device (62) with a measuring resistor (60) and a recording device (64) for recording the voltage drop across the measuring resistor (60), which recording device is in contact with a first contact (66) upstream of the measuring resistor (60) and a second contact (68) downstream of the measuring resistor (60), wherein a fault message is output if the voltage drop exceeds a limit value in the second state.
13. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electronic component (28) is a diode and the dependency between the voltage and the current of the electronic component (28) on the temperature is a diode characteristic map.
14. A battery sensor for recording at least one battery parameter, having at least one recording device for recording battery parameters, an evaluation circuit for evaluating the at least one recorded battery parameter, and a current source for the battery sensor, wherein the supply line for the operating current of the current source has a diode, wherein the battery sensor has a device for establishing the second state, at least one recording device (30, 44) and a controller (92), in the second state, an additional measuring current (Is) flows through the diode, and the at least one recording device Is used to record a voltage drop between a first contact point (32) upstream of the diode (28) and a second contact point (46) downstream of the diode (28), the controller being used to carry out the method according to one of the preceding claims.
15. The battery sensor according to claim 14, characterized in that the battery sensor has an internal temperature sensor (52) by means of which a second battery sensor temperature is determined, wherein the controller (92) is able to compare the second battery sensor temperature with the first battery sensor temperature and to output a fault signal if a maximum difference between the first battery sensor temperature and the second battery sensor temperature is exceeded.
16. Battery sensor according to one of claims 14 and 15, characterized in that the battery sensor (10) has a voltage recording device which can be connected alternately to the first contact point (32) and to the second contact point (46) in order to record the first voltage drop and the second voltage drop.
17. Battery sensor according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the battery sensor (10) has a first voltage registering means (30) and a second voltage registering means (44), wherein the first voltage registering means (30) is connected to the first contact point (32) and the second voltage registering means (44) is connected to the second contact point (46).
18. Battery sensor according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the first voltage recording means (30) record the battery voltage.
19. Battery sensor according to one of claims 14 to 18, characterized in that the second voltage recording means (44) can be alternately connected to the second contact point (46) and to a temperature sensor (52), in particular to a changeover switch (48).
20. Battery sensor according to one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that an electrical connection (74) can be formed between the current source (20) and the vehicle battery (12), wherein at least one resistor (78, 80, 84, 86, 88, 90) of known resistance is arranged in series between the current source (20) and the vehicle battery (12).
21. Battery sensor according to one of claims 14 to 20, characterized in that the battery sensor (10) has a current recording device (62) with a measuring resistor (60) and a recording device (64) for recording the voltage drop across the measuring resistor (60), which recording device is in contact with a first contact (66) upstream of the measuring resistor (60) and a second contact (68) downstream of the measuring resistor (60).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| DE102019217376.4 | 2019-11-11 | ||
| DE102019217376.4A DE102019217376A1 (en) | 2019-11-11 | 2019-11-11 | Procedure for testing a battery sensor and battery sensor |
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| CN112858934A true CN112858934A (en) | 2021-05-28 |
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