CN112858018A - Device and method for testing lateral pressure creep of hydrate-containing sediment - Google Patents
Device and method for testing lateral pressure creep of hydrate-containing sediment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112858018A CN112858018A CN202110024824.2A CN202110024824A CN112858018A CN 112858018 A CN112858018 A CN 112858018A CN 202110024824 A CN202110024824 A CN 202110024824A CN 112858018 A CN112858018 A CN 112858018A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of testing of basic physical properties of marine natural gas hydrates, in particular to a natural gas hydrate indoor creep test device and method. The device comprises a hydraulic transmission module, a constant temperature control module, a natural gas hydrate synthesis module, a side pressure creep test module and a top pressure control module, wherein the hydraulic transmission module is respectively connected with the constant temperature control module, the side pressure creep test module and a constant pressure control module, the constant temperature control module is positioned at the outer side of the natural gas hydrate synthesis module, the side pressure creep test module is positioned at the center of the natural gas hydrate synthesis module, and the top pressure control module is positioned at the top of the natural gas hydrate synthesis module. The effect of hydrostatic pressure in the reservoir on the top boundary of the reservoir is considered, the environment conditions for simulating high-pressure and low-temperature reservoir formation of the hydrate are constructed, the test section is sealed, the influence of the hydrostatic pressure on the test result can be eliminated, and the test on the lateral creep mechanical parameters of the reservoir is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of testing of basic physical properties of marine natural gas hydrates, in particular to a natural gas hydrate indoor creep test device and method.
Background
Currently, with the progress of global natural gas hydrate research from single survey and evaluation to laboratory simulation and trial production practice evaluation, the mechanical properties of natural gas hydrate reservoirs become the focus of domestic and foreign research. The mechanical characteristics of a reservoir stratum in the process of exploiting the natural gas hydrate are important for efficient and safe exploitation of the hydrate, and the implementation of an unanevaled large depressurization exploitation scheme, an unreasonable drilling scheme, an unreasonable fracturing production increasing scheme and the like can cause the breaking of the mechanical stable state of the original reservoir stratum, cause the instability of a well wall and even cause the occurrence of landslide and collapse of the seabed. Peristaltic deformation damage, which is a form of long, slowly developing damage to the reservoir, is often not noticeable. The phenomenon that a drilling casing pipe cannot be pulled out in natural gas pilot production in the sea area of the south-sea Gomphrena in China is particularly a guess that the casing pipe is locked due to peristaltic deformation of a reservoir layer. Therefore, the method is very important for creep mechanics research of a natural gas hydrate reservoir, and directly influences the selection of a well forming mode and the selection of a hydrate exploitation mode.
From the current situation of the creep deformation test of the hydrate, in the aspect of a test instrument, the creep mechanical property of the hydrate is mainly tested by using a modified triaxial mechanical experimental instrument at present, and the reflected mechanical property of the hydrate is concentrated in the vertical direction; in the aspect of testing samples, two sample preparation methods mainly exist at present, namely a mixed sample preparation method and an in-situ synthesis method, wherein the mixed sample preparation method is to prepare pure hydrate into powder and then mix the pure hydrate with sediment to prepare the required hydrate test sample, and the in-situ sample preparation method is to arrange the sediment with certain water content into a testing mold, then introduce high-pressure gas, and generate the required hydrate test sample through a high-pressure low-temperature environment provided by an instrument. Generally, the instrument and the sample preparation method have the characteristics of mature technology and simplicity in operation, can well test the vertical creep mechanical parameters of the artificial sample preparation hydrate, but cannot meet the requirement of testing the lateral creep deformation mechanical parameters of the natural gas hydrate reservoir, and the lateral creep deformation is an important component of well wall creep damage.
In general, the natural gas hydrate lateral pressure creep working condition and the conventional soil body lateral pressure creep working condition have certain similarity in certain aspects. The application field of the conventional soil body side pressure creep is mainly a land rock-soil layer, and the test working condition of the conventional soil body side pressure creep has the following characteristics: firstly, a side pressure test probe is directly contacted with air; the depth of the tested stratum or rock stratum is shallow, and the lowering operation of the testing device is simple; the influence of environmental conditions (air pressure, temperature and the like) on the reservoir is small, and even in the frozen soil creep deformation lateral pressure test, the influence of the environmental temperature on the state change of ice in the reservoir can be almost ignored; fourthly, the implementation is convenient, and the investment cost is low. The natural gas hydrate lateral pressure creep test field has the following characteristics: firstly, the hydrate is sensitive to temperature and pressure, and the change of the environmental temperature and the pressure can cause the decomposition of the hydrate; the environment of the seabed natural gas hydrate is greatly different from the environment of a land soil body or rock body, the hydrate is usually buried in loose sediments which are not consolidated into rocks in shallow layers of deep seabed, and the top boundary of a reservoir layer is directly connected with seawater and is acted by hydrostatic pressure of the seawater; the land soil body or rock body top boundary is mainly connected with the atmosphere, and the influence of the atmosphere on the land soil body or rock body top boundary is small; thirdly, the side pressure creep test of the seabed natural gas hydrate reservoir has high investment cost, and the technical difficulties of putting and testing instruments and the like are relatively large; and fourthly, eliminating the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the test probe when the mechanical environment of the land soil body or rock body test section is reached. Based on the comparison, it is obvious that the conventional side-pressure creep testing device cannot meet the requirement of the side-pressure creep testing of the natural gas hydrate reservoir.
Based on the analysis, under the conditions of comprehensive examination rate input cost and instrument putting and testing technical difficulty, an experimental device capable of performing side-pressure creep test on the basis of simulating a reservoir environment containing natural gas hydrate sediment is needed to be designed, the device can be used for constructing high-pressure low-temperature reservoir forming conditions of the natural gas hydrate, solving the problem that hydrostatic pressure influences a test result, and completing determination of lateral creep mechanical parameters of the hydrate on the basis, so that mechanical reference is provided for sustainable development of the natural gas hydrate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a device and a method for testing lateral creep of a hydrate-containing sediment, which consider the action of hydrostatic pressure in a reservoir on the top boundary of the reservoir, construct environmental conditions for simulating high-pressure and low-temperature reservoir formation of the hydrate, perform packing treatment on a test section, eliminate the influence of the hydrostatic pressure on a test result, and realize the test of lateral creep mechanical parameters of the reservoir.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a hydrate-containing sediment side-pressure creep test device comprises a hydraulic transmission module, a constant-temperature control module, a natural gas hydrate synthesis module, a side-pressure creep test module and a top pressure control module, wherein the hydraulic transmission module is respectively connected with the constant-temperature control module, the side-pressure creep test module and the constant-pressure control module;
the natural gas hydrate synthesis module comprises a natural gas hydrate generation cabin, the side-pressure creep test module comprises a side-pressure probe inner tube, a liquid conveying tube, a hydraulic ejector rod and stress sounding sheets, the side-pressure probe inner tube is positioned at the center of the natural gas hydrate generation cabin, the side-pressure probe inner tube is hollow, the upper part of the side-pressure probe inner tube is thick, the lower part of the side-pressure probe inner tube is thin, a plurality of groups of stress sounding sheets are uniformly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the side-pressure probe inner tube, a gap exists between every two adjacent groups of stress sounding sheets, the plurality of stress sounding sheets which are arranged along the vertical direction of the side-pressure probe inner tube and are positioned in the same vertical line are in one group, the stress sounding sheets are connected with the outer wall of the side-pressure probe inner tube through hydraulic ejector rods, stress sensors are;
and a liquid conveying pipe is arranged in the center of the inner pipe of the side pressure probe, the top end of the liquid conveying pipe is connected with the hydraulic transmission module, and the liquid conveying pipe is connected with each hydraulic ejector rod. The liquid with certain pressure is provided for the hydraulic ejector rod through the liquid conveying pipe and is used for pushing the hydraulic ejector rod to push the stress sounding sheet to move radially, so that the stress sounding sheet acts on a hydrate reservoir layer at constant pressure.
In the invention, four groups of stress sounding sheets are arranged at intervals along the annular outer part of the internal tube of the side pressure probe, and each group of stress sounding sheets comprises three stress sounding sheets arranged at intervals along the vertical direction of the internal tube of the side pressure probe.
The natural gas hydrate synthesis module further comprises a methane gas cylinder, a pressure buffer tank and a sensing optical fiber, the methane gas cylinder is connected with the pressure buffer tank, one end of the sensing optical fiber is fixed on the outer wall of the natural gas hydrate generation cabin, the other end of the sensing optical fiber is fixedly connected with the side-pressure creep test module, the sensing optical fiber is a pre-stretched optical fiber, the sensing optical fiber is connected with an optical fiber demodulator, and a temperature sensor is arranged in the natural gas hydrate generation cabin.
The outer side of the upper portion of the inner tube of the side pressure probe is provided with a plurality of superposed rubber blocking rings, the inner diameter of each rubber blocking ring is not larger than the outer diameter of the upper portion of the inner tube of the side pressure probe, and the outer diameter of each rubber blocking ring is not smaller than the inner diameter of the natural gas hydrate generation cabin, so that separation between the top pressure control module and the natural gas hydrate generation module is realized, and liquid in the top pressure control module is prevented from entering the natural gas hydrate generation cabin.
The top pressure control module comprises a top pressure cabin, the top pressure cabin is connected with the hydraulic transmission module, the top pressure cabin is a sealed rubber capsule, and the middle of the rubber capsule is sealed outside the side pressure probe inner tube in a sealing mode.
The hydraulic ejector rod comprises a fixed rod and a piston rod, the piston rod and the fixed rod are sleeved together, the piston rod slides along the fixed rod, the end part of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the other pressure probe inner tube, the end part of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the stress sounding sheet, the piston rod drives the stress sounding sheet to move along the radial direction of the other pressure probe inner tube in the sliding process of the fixed rod, and a displacement sensor is arranged on the piston rod of the hydraulic ejector rod.
The top of the constant temperature control module is fixed with a baffle, a sealing ring is arranged between the baffle and the constant temperature control cabin, a gland is fixed above the baffle, and the constant temperature control module and the natural gas hydrate synthesis module are both arranged on the movable base.
The movable base is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the constant temperature control cabin and the outer wall of the natural gas hydrate generation cabin, a hydrate reservoir stratum forming groove and a side pressure probe inner pipe clamping groove are further formed in the movable base, the side pressure probe inner pipe clamping groove is located inside the hydrate reservoir stratum forming groove, and the bottom of the side pressure probe inner pipe is inserted into the side pressure probe inner pipe clamping groove.
The data receiving and processing module comprises an industrial personal computer, a constant temperature control cabin pressure collector, a sensing optical fiber radial strain collector, a hydraulic ejector rod elongation collector, a top pressure cabin, a hydraulic ejector rod pressure collector and a natural gas hydrate generation cabin temperature collector, wherein the constant temperature control cabin pressure collector, the sensing optical fiber radial strain collector, the hydraulic ejector rod elongation collector, the top pressure cabin, the hydraulic ejector rod pressure collector and the natural gas hydrate generation cabin temperature collector are all connected with the industrial personal computer.
In this application, the thermostatic control cabin outer wall and natural gas hydrate can formula structure as an organic whole between formation cabin outer wall and the portable base.
The invention also comprises a method for testing lateral creep mechanical parameters of the hydrate reservoir by using the natural gas hydrate indoor lateral pressure creep test device, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing procedures including tightness inspection of a top pressure control module, tightness inspection of a hydraulic ejector rod, in-situ sample synthesis of a natural gas hydrate and inspection of a constant temperature control module;
s2, a side pressure creep testing procedure of the natural gas hydrate specifically comprises the following steps:
s2.1, constructing a hydrate reservoir testing environment;
s2.2, testing the lateral pressure creep of the hydrate:
s2.2.1, pressing liquid into the hydraulic ejector rod, and after the hydraulic ejector rod extends, enabling the stress sounding sheet to be in contact with a hydrate reservoir at the well wall, and continuously increasing the internal pressure of the hydraulic ejector rod;
s2.2.2, after the transverse force applied to the hydrate reservoir by the hydraulic ejector rod through the stress sounding sheet reaches a set value, maintaining the transverse force value, and continuously maintaining the pressure action on the hydrate reservoir;
s2.2.3, monitoring the change condition of the hydraulic ejector rod along with the development of hydrate creep, and recording the change curve of the elongation of the hydraulic ejector rod along with time;
s2.2.4, monitoring the change condition of the temperature of the hydrate reservoir along with time, and qualitatively evaluating whether the hydrate is decomposed;
s2.2.5, monitoring the temperature change condition of the constant temperature control cabin and the internal pressure change condition of the top pressure cabin, and qualitatively evaluating the vertical deformation condition of the hydrate reservoir;
s2.2.6, monitoring the lateral strain change condition of the hydrate sample in the whole creep deformation process, and drawing a creep curve.
In the above S2, the construction of the hydrate reservoir test environment includes the following steps:
s2.1.1, constructing a set top pressure environment, injecting liquid into the top pressure chamber, stopping injecting after a set pressure value is reached, and keeping the pressure value of the liquid unchanged in the whole side pressure creep test process;
s2.1.2, establishing a set reservoir temperature condition, injecting liquid into the constant-temperature control cabin, starting a temperature control program, and ensuring that the temperature value is kept unchanged in the whole lateral pressure creep test stage.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the integration level is high: the natural gas hydrate synthesis module and the side pressure creep test module are integrated in a reaction kettle, so that in-situ sample preparation and in-situ side pressure creep test can be realized, and complicated operations of sample synthesis and transfer are avoided;
(2) by adopting the design of the double-layer rubber blocking ring, the overlying liquid pressure can be smoothly transmitted to the top boundary of the hydrate sample, the influence of hydrostatic pressure on a test section can be avoided, and the accuracy of a test result is ensured;
(3) the hydrate sample is laterally loaded by adopting a hydraulic transmission mode: the stress sounding sheet is rigidly connected with the inner tube of the side pressure probe by adopting the hydraulic ejector rod, so that the direct test of the elongation of the hydraulic ejector rod can be realized to replace the direct test of the deformation of the soil body of the well wall, the principle is simple, and the operation is convenient;
(4) compared with the submarine in-situ test, the method has the characteristics of low investment cost, easy achievement of technology and high efficiency and quickness in test.
In conclusion, the device can test the lateral creep mechanical parameters of the reservoir under the working condition closer to the hydrate reservoir forming condition by performing the lateral pressure creep test on the hydrate reservoir, and can provide effective risk estimation for the design of a drilling well forming scheme and a depressurization exploitation scheme in the natural gas hydrate exploitation process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a bypass creep test module;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the base;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of the gland;
fig. 6 is a schematic top view of the baffle.
In the figure: 1, an industrial personal computer; 2, a pressure buffer tank; 3 a methane cylinder; 4, a water tank; 5, controlling the cabin pressure collector at constant temperature; 6, a sensing optical fiber radial strain collector; 7 a pressure pump; 8, an optical fiber demodulator; 9 a base; 10 a movable base; 11 a temperature sensor; 12, fixing a screw rod; 13 clamping screws; 14 a sensing fiber; 15 hydraulic ejector rod elongation collector; 16 top pressure chamber and hydraulic push rod pressure collector; 17, a natural gas hydrate generation cabin temperature collector; 18 lateral pressing the inner tube of the probe; 19 infusion tubes; 20 hydraulic ejector rods; 21 a stress sensor; 22 stress sounding sheet; 23 displacement sensors; 24 thermostatically controlled outer walls of the compartments; 25 natural gas hydrate formation chamber outer walls; 26 hydrate reservoir pore forming grooves; 27 pressing the neck of the inner tube of the probe; 28 fixing the screw rod and connecting the bolt hole; 29, pressing a cover; 30 baffle plates; 31 a natural gas hydrate generation cabin connecting bolt hole; 32 constant temperature control cabin connecting bolt holes; 33 a thermostatic control chamber; 34 a natural gas hydrate formation compartment; 35 top pressure chamber.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. The invention can be implemented in a number of ways different from those described herein and similar generalizations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a natural gas hydrate indoor side-pressure creep test device, which includes a hydraulic transmission module, a constant temperature control module, a natural gas hydrate synthesis module, a side-pressure creep test module, a top pressure control module, and a data receiving and processing module, wherein the hydraulic transmission module is respectively connected with a constant temperature control module, a side-pressure creep test module, and a constant pressure control module, the constant temperature control module is located outside the natural gas hydrate synthesis module, and heats/cools a water body in the natural gas hydrate synthesis module through the constant temperature control module, so as to keep the temperature of a sample inside the natural gas hydrate synthesis module constant. The natural gas hydrate synthesis module is used for in-situ synthesis of a natural gas hydrate sample. The side-pressure creep testing module is located in the right center of the natural gas hydrate synthesis module and used for testing lateral creep mechanical properties and temperature of the hydrate test sample. And the top pressure control module is positioned at the top of the natural gas hydrate synthesis module and used for providing pressure to the top of the sample. The data receiving and processing module is respectively connected with the constant-temperature control module, the natural gas hydrate synthesis module, the side-pressure creep test module and the top pressure control module and is used for collecting and storing pressure, temperature and displacement change information in the whole side-pressure creep test process and carrying out data preprocessing.
The hydraulic transmission module comprises a water tank 4 and a pressure pump 7, and a control valve I is arranged on a connecting pipeline between the water tank 4 and the pressure pump 7. The hydraulic transmission module can provide liquid with certain temperature and pressure for the constant temperature control module, the side pressure creep test module and the constant pressure control module.
The thermostatic control module comprises a thermostatic control chamber 33, and the water tank 4 is connected with the thermostatic control chamber 33 through the booster pump 7. Be equipped with control valve II, control valve III and pressure gauge I on the connecting pipeline between force (forcing) pump 7 and the thermostatic control cabin 33, the switch-on of the water in the connecting pipeline is passed through with closing through control valve II and control valve III, guarantees that the water level in the thermostatic control cabin 33 meets the requirements, and pressure gauge I is used for the water pressure in the real-time supervision connecting pipeline. The top of the thermostatic control cabin 33 is connected with a pressure gauge II and a control valve IV, the pressure gauge II is used for monitoring the mixed pressure in the thermostatic control cabin in real time, and the control valve IV is used for reducing the pressure under the overpressure condition so as to ensure the safety of the thermostatic control cabin 33.
The natural gas hydrate synthesis module comprises a methane gas cylinder 3, a pressure buffer tank 2, a sensing optical fiber 32, a natural gas hydrate generation cabin 34 and a sensing optical fiber 14, wherein the methane gas cylinder 3 is connected with the pressure buffer tank 2, a control valve V and a pressure gauge III are arranged on a connecting pipeline between a gas outlet of the methane gas cylinder 3 and the pressure buffer tank 2, and the pressure gauge III is used for monitoring the pressure inside a gas outlet pipeline of the methane gas cylinder 3. The pressure buffer tank 2 is divided into two lines after passing through a control valve VI, one line of the pressure buffer tank is connected with the top of the natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34, the control valve VII is arranged on the connecting line, the other line of the pressure buffer tank is connected with the bottom of the natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34, a control valve VIII and a pressure gauge IV are arranged on the connecting line, the pressure gauge IV is used for the pore pressure of the natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34, and the control valve VII and the control valve VIII are used for controlling methane gas to enter and exit the natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34. The natural gas hydrate production chamber 34 is filled with a sand layer. One end of the sensing optical fiber 14 is located at the outer side of the natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34 and is fixed on the outer wall of the natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34 through the clamping screw 13, and the other end of the sensing optical fiber 14 is fixedly connected with the side pressure creep test module through the clamping screw 13. The sensing optical fiber 14 is a pre-stretched optical fiber, a polyurethane tight-buffered optical fiber is adopted, the sensing optical fiber 14 is connected with the optical fiber demodulator 8, and the optical fiber demodulator 8 converts an optical signal transmitted by the sensing optical fiber 14 into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to the data receiving and processing module. A temperature sensor 11 is arranged in a reservoir of the natural gas hydrate generating chamber 34, and the temperature sensor 11 is used for monitoring the temperature change condition of the sample in the whole side pressure creep process.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the side-pressure creep test module comprises a side-pressure probe inner tube 18, a perfusion tube 17, a hydraulic ejector rod 19 and a stress sounding sheet 21. The side pressure probe inner tube 18 is hollow with a thick upper part and a thin lower part. The outer side of the thicker part of the upper part of the inner tube 18 of the side pressure probe can be provided with a plurality of superposed rubber blocking rings, the inner diameter of each rubber blocking ring is not more than the outer diameter of the upper part of the inner tube 18 of the side pressure probe, and the outer diameter of each rubber blocking ring is not less than the inner diameter of the natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34, so that the separation between the top pressure control module and the natural gas hydrate synthesis module is realized, and the liquid in the top pressure control module is prevented from entering the natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34. The section of the thinner part of the lower part of the internal tube 18 of the side pressure probe is circular, and the external part of the internal tube 18 of the side pressure probe is provided with a plurality of groups of stress sounding sheets 22 at uniform intervals along the annular axial direction, and a gap exists between two adjacent groups of stress sounding sheets 22. A plurality of stress sounding sheets 22 which are arranged along the vertical direction of the inner tube of the side pressure probe and are positioned in the same vertical line form a group. The stress sounding sheet 22 is connected with the outer wall of the side-pressing probe inner tube 18 through the hydraulic mandril 20. The hydraulic ejector rod 20 comprises a fixing rod and a piston rod, the piston rod and the fixing rod are sleeved together, the piston rod can slide along the fixing rod, the end part of the fixing rod is fixedly connected with the side pressure probe inner tube 18, the end part of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the stress sounding sheet 22, and when the piston rod slides along the fixing rod, the stress sounding sheet 22 is driven to move along the radial direction of the side pressure probe inner tube 18. The outer side of the joint of the hydraulic ejector rod 20 and the stress sounding sheet 22 is provided with the stress sensor 21, in the outward extending process of the hydraulic ejector rod 20, the stress sounding sheet 22 and the hydrate reservoir stratum generate force under the action of the hydraulic ejector rod, and the stress sensor 21 is used for measuring the stress value between the stress sounding sheet and the hydrate reservoir stratum. And a piston rod of the hydraulic ejector rod is provided with a displacement sensor 23, and the displacement sensor 23 is used for monitoring the length variation of the hydraulic ejector rod 20 in the whole creep process. In order to measure the lateral displacement variation of the sample more accurately, in the application, the sensing optical fiber 14 is used for directly measuring the lateral displacement variation of the sample, and the lateral creep deformation of the sample is more reasonable by comparing and analyzing the displacement variation values respectively measured by the displacement sensor 23 and the sensing optical fiber 14, so that the measurement error is reduced.
In this embodiment, four sets of stress sounding sheets are arranged at intervals along the annular outer portion of the side pressure probe inner tube 18, each set of stress sounding sheet includes three stress sounding sheets 22 arranged at intervals along the vertical direction of the side pressure probe inner tube 18, the central angle corresponding to each stress sounding sheet 22 is 70 °, and the central angle of the interval between two adjacent sets of stress sounding sheets is 20 °.
An infusion tube 19 is arranged in the center of the inner tube 18 of the side pressure probe, the top end of the infusion tube 19 is connected with the pressure pump 7 through a connecting pipeline, and a pressure gauge V is arranged on the connecting pipeline between the pressure pump 7 and the infusion tube 19. The infusion tube 19 is connected with each hydraulic ejector rod 20, provides liquid with certain pressure for the hydraulic ejector rods 20, and is used for pushing the hydraulic ejector rods 20 and the stress sounding sheet 22 to move radially, so that the stress sounding sheet 22 acts on a hydrate reservoir stratum with constant pressure.
The top pressure control module is located the top of the natural gas hydrate synthesis module and the side pressure creep test module, and the top pressure control module comprises a top pressure cabin 35, the top pressure cabin 35 is connected with the hydraulic transmission module, the top pressure cabin 35 is connected with the pressure pump through a connecting pipeline, and liquid is injected into the top pressure cabin 35, so that hydrostatic pressure is applied to a sample below the top pressure control module. In this embodiment, the top pressure chamber 35 is a closed rubber bag, the center ring of the rubber bag is sleeved outside the side pressure probe inner tube 18 in the side pressure creep test module, and the rubber bag is hermetically connected with the side pressure probe inner tube 18, and at this time, a rubber blocking ring is not required to be arranged between the top pressure control module and the natural gas hydrate synthesis module and the side pressure creep test module below the top pressure control module.
The top of the constant temperature control module is fixed with a baffle 30, and a sealing ring is arranged between the baffle 30 and the constant temperature control chamber 33 to prevent the liquid in the constant temperature control chamber 33 from flowing out. A gland 29 is fixed above the baffle 30. The constant temperature control module and the natural gas hydrate synthesis module are both arranged on the movable base 10, the movable base 10 is fixed on the base 9 below the movable base 10, the movable base 10 and the base 9 are detachably connected, and the movable base 10 can be detached from the base 9. The base 9 and the gland 29 are fixedly connected through a plurality of fixing screws 12 arranged in the vertical direction, so that the constant temperature control module, the natural gas hydrate synthesis module, the side pressure creep test module and the top pressure control module are fixed between the movable base 10 and the base 9, and therefore, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, fixing screw connecting bolt holes 28 are reserved on the gland 29. The gland 29, the baffle 30 and the top of the thermostatic control chamber 33 are fixedly connected through bolts, so that thermostatic control chamber connecting bolt holes 32 are reserved on the gland 29 and the baffle 30. The gland 29, the baffle 30 and the top of the natural gas hydrate generating chamber 34 are fixedly connected through bolts, so that bolt holes 31 for connecting the natural gas hydrate generating chamber are reserved on the gland 29 and the baffle 30.
The constant temperature control module and the natural gas hydrate synthesis module are both arranged on the movable base 10, as shown in fig. 4, the movable base 10 is fixedly connected with the constant temperature control cabin outer wall 24 and the natural gas hydrate generation cabin outer wall 25, and in the embodiment, the constant temperature control cabin outer wall 24 and the natural gas hydrate generation cabin outer wall 25 are in an integrated structure with the movable base 10. The movable base 10 is further provided with a hydrate reservoir stratum pore forming groove 26 and a side pressure probe inner pipe clamping groove 27, and the side pressure probe inner pipe clamping groove 27 is located inside the hydrate reservoir stratum pore forming groove 26. The hydrate reservoir pore-forming groove 26 is used as an occupying groove for pore forming in controlling hydrate sample synthesis, and is only used for hydrate sample synthesis. The bottom of the side pressure probe inner tube 18 is inserted into the side pressure probe inner tube clamping groove 27, when the baffle 30 and the bolt at the top of the gland 29 are screwed tightly for pressurization, the side pressure probe inner tube 18 is extruded and fixed in the side pressure probe inner tube clamping groove 27, and the hydraulic ejector rod 20 is prevented from acting on the side pressure probe inner tube 18 in the liquid flowing pressurization process to cause the deviation of the side pressure probe inner tube 18. After the test is finished, the bottom of the internal tube 18 of the side pressure probe can be taken out from the clamping groove 27 of the internal tube of the side pressure probe.
The data receiving and processing module comprises an industrial personal computer 1, a constant temperature control cabin pressure collector 5, a sensing optical fiber radial strain collector 6, a hydraulic ejector rod elongation collector 15, a top pressure cabin and hydraulic ejector rod pressure collector 16 and a natural gas hydrate generation cabin temperature collector 17, wherein the constant temperature control cabin pressure collector 5, the sensing optical fiber radial strain collector 6, the hydraulic ejector rod elongation collector 15, the top pressure cabin and hydraulic ejector rod pressure collector 16 and the natural gas hydrate generation cabin temperature collector 17 are all connected with the industrial personal computer 1. The constant temperature control cabin pressure collector 5 is used for collecting the pressure of a constant temperature control cabin, the top pressure cabin and the hydraulic ejector rod pressure collector 16 are used for collecting the internal pressure of the top pressure cabin 35 and the internal pressure of the hydraulic ejector rod 20, the natural gas hydrate generation cabin temperature collector 17 is used for collecting the temperature of a reservoir layer of a hydrate reservoir layer, the temperature of the reservoir layer is in contact with an inner wall of a side pressure probe, the hydraulic ejector rod elongation collector 15 is used for collecting the length change data of the hydraulic ejector rod in the whole creep process, and the sensing optical fiber radial strain collector 6 is used for collecting the expansion data of sensing optical fibers in the whole creep process and converting the expansion data into the creep data of the.
The method for testing the lateral creep mechanical parameters of the hydrate reservoir by using the device comprises the following steps.
The first step is a preparation process of a natural gas hydrate reservoir lateral pressure creep test, wherein the preparation process comprises the following detailed steps.
Step 1.1: the tightness inspection of the top pressure control module specifically comprises the following steps:
1.1.1 placing the spacer tube in the hydrate synthesis process in a hydrate reservoir pore-forming groove 26 for forming a drill hole for testing when synthesizing a sample;
1.1.2 filling a specified amount of sand layers in the natural gas hydrate generation cabin 34 according to the investigated sand-grain ratio curve of the hydrate reservoir in the target sea area, fully tamping, and synthesizing a hydrate without ventilation;
1.1.3, the flatness of the upper top surface of a sand column filled in a natural gas hydrate generation chamber 34 is guaranteed, the spacer tube in the step 1.1.1 is slowly pulled out, the side pressure probe inner tube 18 is inserted into a side pressure probe inner tube clamping groove 27, and the side pressure probe inner tube 18 is prevented from deviating in the hydraulic ejector rod pressurizing process;
1.1.4, sleeving a rubber blocking ring which is directly contacted with the top boundary of the sample on the upper end of the inner tube 18 of the side pressure probe, moving the rubber blocking ring to be completely and tightly contacted with a sand column, sleeving the rubber blocking ring on the upper part of the inner tube 18 of the side pressure probe on the upper end of the inner tube 18 of the side pressure probe, and completely attaching the inner tube 18 of the side pressure probe and the rubber blocking ring;
1.1.5, screwing bolts on a gland 29 and a baffle 30, checking the joint condition of the gland and the baffle, quickly injecting liquid into a rubber capsule in a top pressure control module after the pressure meets the requirement, closing the valve after the pressure reaches a preset value, checking whether the pressure is kept stable for a long time according to a pressure gauge, if the pressure is quickly reduced, indicating that the sealing effect of the rubber blocking ring or the baffle 30 does not reach the standard, and checking the rubber blocking ring or the baffle to eliminate the leakage condition;
step 1.2: the method for checking the tightness of the hydraulic ejector rod specifically comprises the following steps:
1.2.1 connecting the hydraulic ejector rod infusion tube 19 with the pressure pump 7, pressing liquid into the hydraulic ejector rod 20, and extending a piston rod of the hydraulic ejector rod to be in contact with a well wall;
1.2.2 after the hydraulic ejector rods extend to a set length, stopping pressing in liquid, checking the internal pressure condition of each hydraulic ejector rod, judging whether the pressure of each ejector rod is the same or within an error range and can be kept for a certain time, if the pressure difference of each hydraulic ejector rod is large, indicating that the side pressure probe inner tube 18 is likely to deviate, and if the pressure of the hydraulic ejector rods can not be kept for a certain time, indicating that the tightness of the hydraulic ejector rods is poor and the tightness of the hydraulic ejector rods is required to be checked;
1.2.3 after the internal pressure difference of each hydraulic ejector rod is ensured to be within the required range, evaluating the reaction force of the hydrate reservoir to the stress sounding sheet 22, checking whether the stress value recorded by the stress sensor on each hydraulic stress sounding sheet meets the requirement, and if not, checking whether the internal tube 18 of the side pressure probe deviates;
step 1.3: the in-situ sample synthesis of the natural gas hydrate specifically comprises the following steps:
1.3.1, locking one end of a sensing optical fiber 14 with the outer wall of a natural gas hydrate generation cabin, and locking the other end of the sensing optical fiber with a stress sounding sheet through a clamping screw to enable the sensing optical fiber to achieve preset pre-stretching deformation;
1.3.2 weighing a certain mass of the dried sand sample, adding an SDS solution with a certain volume mass fraction of 0.03%, stirring to fully mix the sand sample and the SDS solution, and when a sample with a hydrate saturation of 0% is prepared, adding the SDS solution is not needed;
1.3.3, filling the sand sample into the natural gas hydrate generating cabin 34 for multiple times, and layering and compacting;
1.3.4 applying a set confining pressure, slowly introducing methane gas from a lower gas inlet pipeline of the natural gas hydrate generating chamber 34, and opening an upper gas inlet pipeline of the natural gas hydrate generating chamber 34 to remove air in a sample and a connecting pipeline;
1.3.5 introducing methane into the natural gas hydrate generating cabin 34 from an upper gas inlet pipeline and a lower gas inlet pipeline of the cabin at the same time, gradually increasing confining pressure to a set value, and controlling pore pressure through the pressure difference between the confining pressure and the pore pressure;
1.3.6 starting a constant temperature control module, setting the system temperature according to the experimental scheme, and cooling to synthesize hydrate deposits;
1.3.7 maintaining the temperature and pressure condition for 48-60 h to finish sample preparation;
step 1.4: the inspection of the constant temperature control module specifically comprises the following steps:
1.4.1, screwing down screws on a gland 29 and a baffle 30 to ensure the sealing of the constant temperature control cabin;
1.4.2 injecting a certain volume of water into the constant temperature control cabin 33, stopping injecting after meeting the requirement, and starting a heating/cooling program to enable the temperature of the constant temperature control cabin to reach a set temperature value;
1.4.3 monitoring the temperature condition of a hydrate reservoir in real time by a temperature sensor 11 embedded in a synthetic hydrate sample, and controlling the start and the stop of a heating/cooling program by taking the temperature condition as feedback;
and a second step, a natural gas hydrate side pressure creep testing procedure, which comprises the following detailed steps.
Step 2.1: construction of a hydrate reservoir testing environment:
2.1.1, constructing a set top pressure environment, injecting liquid into the top pressure chamber 35, stopping injecting after a set pressure value is reached, and keeping the pressure value of the liquid unchanged in the whole side pressure creep test process;
2.1.2, establishing a set reservoir temperature condition, injecting liquid into the constant temperature control cabin 33, and starting a temperature control program to ensure that the temperature value is kept unchanged in the whole lateral pressure creep test stage;
step 2.2: hydrate lateral pressure creep test:
2.2.1, pressing liquid into the hydraulic ejector rod 20, and after the hydraulic ejector rod 20 extends, enabling the stress sounding sheet 22 to be in contact with the well wall, and continuously increasing the internal pressure of the hydraulic ejector rod;
2.2.2 after the transverse force applied to the hydrate reservoir by the hydraulic ejector rod 20 through the stress sounding sheet 22 reaches a set value, maintaining the transverse force value and continuously maintaining the pressure action on the hydrate reservoir;
2.2.3 monitoring the change condition of the hydraulic ejector rod 20 along with the development of hydrate creep, and recording the change curve of the elongation of the hydraulic ejector rod 20 along with time;
2.2.4 monitoring the change condition of the temperature of the hydrate reservoir along with time, and qualitatively evaluating whether the hydrate is decomposed;
2.2.5 monitoring the temperature change condition of the constant temperature control chamber 33 and the internal pressure change condition of the top pressure chamber 35, and qualitatively evaluating the vertical deformation condition of the hydrate reservoir;
2.2.6 monitoring the lateral strain change of the hydrate sample in the whole creep deformation process for drawing a creep curve.
In conclusion, the invention fully considers the main working conditions in the natural gas hydrate synthesis and the side pressure creep test, integrates the natural gas hydrate synthesis module and the side pressure creep module, avoids the complicated sample transfer operation between the synthesized sample and the test, and ensures that the test environment is more consistent with the real situation by simulating the natural gas hydrate accumulation environment. The natural gas hydrate reservoir is tested by the method, and the method can evaluate and analyze: the change rule of the lateral displacement of the hydrate along with time, the lateral creep strain rule of the hydrates with different saturation degrees and the lateral creep strain rule of the hydrates with different sand grain ratios provide risk prompts for the design of a drilling and completion scheme and a depressurization production scheme in the development of the natural gas hydrate.
The natural gas hydrate indoor creep test device and the method provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. The device for testing the lateral pressure creep of the hydrate-containing sediment is characterized by comprising a hydraulic transmission module, a constant temperature control module, a natural gas hydrate synthesis module, a lateral pressure creep test module and a top pressure control module, wherein the hydraulic transmission module is respectively connected with the constant temperature control module, the lateral pressure creep test module and the top pressure control module;
the natural gas hydrate synthesis module comprises a natural gas hydrate generation cabin (34), the side pressure creep test module comprises a side pressure probe inner tube (18), a liquid conveying tube (17), a hydraulic ejector rod (19) and stress sounding sheets (21), the side pressure probe inner tube (18) is positioned at the center of the natural gas hydrate generation cabin (34), the side pressure probe inner tube (18) is in a hollow shape with a thick upper part and a thin lower part, a plurality of groups of stress sounding sheets are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the side pressure probe inner tube (18) at intervals along the circumferential direction, a gap exists between every two adjacent groups of stress sounding sheets, a plurality of stress sounding sheets (22) which are arranged along the vertical direction of the side pressure probe inner tube and are positioned in the same vertical line are in one group, the stress sounding sheets (22) are connected with the outer wall of the side pressure probe inner tube (18) through the hydraulic ejector rod (20), and the outer side of the joint of the hydraulic ejector rod (20) and the stress, a displacement sensor (23) is arranged on the hydraulic ejector rod (20);
an infusion tube (19) is arranged in the center of the inner tube (18) of the side-pressure probe, the top end of the infusion tube (19) is connected with the hydraulic transmission module, and the infusion tube (19) is connected with each hydraulic ejector rod (20).
2. The natural gas hydrate indoor side-pressure creep test device according to claim 1, characterized in that four groups of stress sounding sheets are uniformly arranged along the annular outer part of the side-pressure probe inner tube (18) at intervals, and each group of stress sounding sheets comprises three stress sounding sheets (22) arranged along the vertical direction of the side-pressure probe inner tube (18) at intervals.
3. The testing device for the lateral pressure creep of the hydrate-containing sediment according to claim 1, wherein the natural gas hydrate synthesis module further comprises a methane gas cylinder (3), a pressure buffer tank (2) and a sensing optical fiber (14), the methane gas cylinder (3) is connected with the pressure buffer tank (2), one end of the sensing optical fiber (14) is fixed on the outer wall of the natural gas hydrate generation chamber (34), the other end of the sensing optical fiber (14) is fixedly connected with the lateral pressure creep testing module, the sensing optical fiber (14) is a pre-stretched optical fiber, the sensing optical fiber (14) is connected with an optical fiber demodulator (8), and a temperature sensor (11) is arranged in the natural gas hydrate generation chamber (34).
4. The hydrate-containing sediment side-pressure creep test device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of superposed rubber blocking rings are arranged outside the upper part of the side-pressure probe inner pipe (18), the inner diameter of each rubber blocking ring is not more than the outer diameter of the upper part of the side-pressure probe inner pipe (18), and the outer diameter of each rubber blocking ring is not less than the inner diameter of the natural gas hydrate generation cabin (34).
5. The testing device for the lateral pressure creep of hydrate-containing sediment according to claim 1, wherein the top pressure control module comprises a top pressure chamber (35), the top pressure chamber (35) is connected with the hydraulic transmission module, the top pressure chamber (35) adopts a closed rubber capsule body, and the middle part of the rubber capsule body is sealed and sleeved outside the inner tube (18) of the lateral pressure probe.
6. The testing device for the side pressing creep of the hydrate-containing sediment according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic ejector rod (20) comprises a fixed rod and a piston rod, the piston rod and the fixed rod are sleeved together, the piston rod slides along the fixed rod, the end part of the fixed rod is fixedly connected with the side pressing probe inner tube (18), the end part of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the stress sounding sheet (22), the piston rod drives the stress sounding sheet (22) to move along the radial direction of the side pressing probe inner tube (18) in the sliding process of the fixed rod, and a displacement sensor (23) is arranged on the piston rod of the hydraulic ejector rod.
7. The testing device for the lateral pressure creep of the hydrate-containing sediment according to claim 1, wherein a baffle (30) is fixed at the top of the constant temperature control module, a sealing ring is arranged between the baffle (30) and the constant temperature control chamber (33), a gland (29) is fixed above the baffle (30), and the constant temperature control module and the natural gas hydrate synthesis module are both arranged on the movable base (10).
8. The testing device for the lateral pressure creep of the hydrate-containing sediment according to claim 1, wherein the movable base (10) is fixedly connected with the outer wall (24) of the constant temperature control cabin and the outer wall (25) of the natural gas hydrate generation cabin, a hydrate reservoir forming hole groove (26) and a lateral pressure probe inner tube clamping groove (27) are further formed in the movable base (10), the lateral pressure probe inner tube clamping groove (27) is located inside the hydrate reservoir forming hole groove (26), and the bottom of the lateral pressure probe inner tube (18) is inserted into the lateral pressure probe inner tube clamping groove (27).
9. A method for testing lateral creep mechanical parameters of a hydrate reservoir by using the apparatus for testing lateral creep of hydrate-containing sediment according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing procedures including tightness inspection of a top pressure control module, tightness inspection of a hydraulic ejector rod, in-situ sample synthesis of a natural gas hydrate and inspection of a constant temperature control module;
s2, a side pressure creep testing procedure of the natural gas hydrate specifically comprises the following steps:
s2.1, constructing a hydrate reservoir testing environment;
s2.2, testing the lateral pressure creep of the hydrate:
s2.2.1, pressing liquid into the hydraulic ejector rod, and after the hydraulic ejector rod extends, enabling the stress sounding sheet to be in contact with a hydrate reservoir at the well wall, and continuously increasing the internal pressure of the hydraulic ejector rod;
s2.2.2, after the transverse force applied to the hydrate reservoir by the hydraulic ejector rod through the stress sounding sheet reaches a set value, maintaining the transverse force value, and continuously maintaining the pressure action on the hydrate reservoir;
s2.2.3, monitoring the change condition of the hydraulic ejector rod along with the development of hydrate creep, and recording the change curve of the elongation of the hydraulic ejector rod along with time;
s2.2.4, monitoring the change condition of the temperature of the hydrate reservoir along with time, and qualitatively evaluating whether the hydrate is decomposed;
s2.2.5, monitoring the temperature change condition of the constant temperature control cabin and the internal pressure change condition of the top pressure cabin, and qualitatively evaluating the vertical deformation condition of the hydrate reservoir;
s2.2.6, monitoring the lateral strain change condition of the hydrate sample in the whole creep deformation process, and drawing a creep curve.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein in S2, the constructing of the hydrate reservoir testing environment comprises the following steps:
s2.1.1, constructing a set top pressure environment, injecting liquid into the top pressure chamber, stopping injecting after a set pressure value is reached, and keeping the pressure value of the liquid unchanged in the whole side pressure creep test process;
s2.1.2, establishing a set reservoir temperature condition, injecting liquid into the constant-temperature control cabin, starting a temperature control program, and ensuring that the temperature value is kept unchanged in the whole lateral pressure creep test stage.
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| CN114486532A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-05-13 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Device and method for testing fluid migration rule in creep of ice-containing soft rock sample |
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| CN113804555B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2022-06-28 | 青岛海洋地质研究所 | Device and method for testing tensile failure process of hydrate and hydrate-containing sediment |
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