CN112857053A - Nozzle arrangement for a bottom-blowing lance of a metallurgical plant and use thereof - Google Patents
Nozzle arrangement for a bottom-blowing lance of a metallurgical plant and use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112857053A CN112857053A CN202011643708.0A CN202011643708A CN112857053A CN 112857053 A CN112857053 A CN 112857053A CN 202011643708 A CN202011643708 A CN 202011643708A CN 112857053 A CN112857053 A CN 112857053A
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- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
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- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 20
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
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- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 10
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Cu+2] OMZSGWSJDCOLKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/162—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel
- F27D2003/163—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge the fluid being an oxidant or a fuel the fluid being an oxidant
- F27D2003/164—Oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/16—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge
- F27D2003/168—Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge through a lance
- F27D2003/169—Construction of the lance, e.g. lances for injecting particles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a nozzle device for a bottom-blowing lance of a metallurgical plant and the use thereof, the nozzle device comprising a nozzle body and at least one first channel, the first channel being designed for guiding an oxygen-containing gas to an outlet end of the nozzle body, the at least one first channel extending axially through the nozzle body in an at least sectionally curved or spiral manner, the first channel extending to the outlet end of the nozzle body and forming an injection orifice through which the oxygen-containing gas leaves the nozzle device into the metallurgical plant. The oxygen-containing gas sprayed by the nozzle device leaves the nozzle in different directions, so that each spraying hole forms a rotational flow reaction area, the reaction area is enlarged, the utilization rate of the oxygen-containing air is improved, the stirring effect of a molten pool is improved, and the dynamic conditions of chemical reaction in the molten pool are obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of non-ferrous metal smelting, and relates to a nozzle device of a bottom blowing type spray gun and application thereof.
Background
The oxygen bottom-blowing smelting process is a new process with lower energy consumption in the non-ferrous metal smelting industry. In the case of copper smelting, the mixed mineral aggregate is continuously added into a high-temperature molten pool in the furnace from a feed inlet at the top of the furnace by belt conveying without drying and grinding. Oxygen-enriched air is continuously fed into a copper matte layer in the furnace through an oxygen lance at the bottom, oxygen is dynamically suspended in the melt in a large amount of small bubbles, and the continuously added mineral aggregate is continuously and rapidly oxidized and slagged. The process has the advantages of simple process, strong raw material adaptability, low investment, low energy consumption and low noise. Meanwhile, because the oxygen concentration is high, the discharged flue gas amount is small, the heat loss is small, the heat dissipation of the furnace body is small, the full and effective utilization of oxygen is ensured, and the directly discharged tail gas is greatly reduced.
The Chinese patent with publication number CN101165196B discloses a process for continuously smelting copper by using an oxygen bottom blowing furnace, copper sulfide concentrate, a flux and returned intermediate copper materials including smoke dust, slag copper concentrate and blowing furnace slag are mixed and granulated by a disc granulator, then the mixture is fed into a furnace charging port at the upper part of a bottom blowing smelting furnace by a feeder and is added into the furnace, oxygen is fed into the furnace for smelting reaction by an oxygen spray gun arranged at the bottom of the furnace and forming an angle of 0-16 degrees with a vertical line, the mixed granules fed into the furnace are smelted to generate copper sulfide and smelting slag, and the smelting temperature is 1080-1250 ℃. In the bottom-blowing smelting furnace, oxygen-enriched air is continuously fed from the bottom of the converting furnace, the oxygen potential of the crude copper is high, and the oxygen-enriched air is beneficial to As, Sb, Bi and the likeRemoval of group V elements with simultaneous reduction of Fe3O4The amount of production of (c). The bottom blowing furnace has continuous blowing and stable furnace temperature, overcomes the defect of overlarge periodic operation temperature fluctuation of the converter, is beneficial to prolonging the service life of the blowing furnace, reduces the consumption of refractory materials and maintenance work amount, and reduces the copper smelting cost. The bottom blowing copper smelting method has the advantages of low investment, short process flow and strong raw material adaptability.
In the bottom blowing technology, a common oxygen lance device can be disclosed in Chinese patent with publication number CN200974858Y, and the oxygen lance is formed by sleeving an inner layer sleeve and an outer layer sleeve, wherein the number of the inner layer sleeve is 2-5, a plurality of vent grooves are arranged on the inner layer sleeve, and the number and the area of vent holes arranged on each inner layer sleeve are different, so that the vent quantity of each layer channel is reasonably organized, the proper air flow velocity is kept, meanwhile, the air flow is relatively dispersed, the reaction area of gas and melt is increased, and the oxygen supply pressure is obviously reduced. However, the conventional multi-layer sleeve oxygen lance needs to control a large gas supply pressure to ensure that sufficient gas enters a molten pool to ensure that the sprayed gas is fully contacted with a melt, otherwise the melt is easily sucked into the oxygen lance backwards to cause the blockage of the oxygen lance.
In the smelting process of a molten pool, the components of the melt are very complex, the flowing state of the melt is not clear, and due to the design of the nozzle of the traditional sleeve-type oxygen lance, some ore materials entering the furnace are difficult to be quickly sucked into the melt, and the molten pool is easy to splash to cause the blockage of a feed inlet. In view of the above, a problem to be solved by related technical personnel in the industry is how to design a new nozzle device of a bottom-blowing lance to effectively improve the stirring strength and entrainment rate of oxygen in a molten bath in a furnace so as to eliminate the above defects and shortcomings in the prior art, thereby enabling a melting bottom-blowing furnace to achieve an optimal metallurgical effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a nozzle arrangement for a bottom-blowing lance for use in metallurgical operations, which lance is inserted from the bottom of a molten bath and is continuously blown with an oxygen-containing gas during the smelting process, which is broken up into small bubbles or streams by the melt to provide the oxidizing atmosphere required for the smelting. Meanwhile, the oxygen-containing gas emitted by the nozzle device can effectively enhance the material flow and entrainment rate in the molten pool, and the gas-liquid phase contact area and contact process are increased by forming vortex, so that the mass transfer effect is enhanced, and the device has violent stirring characteristics and good reaction kinetic conditions. The nozzle arrangement provided by the present invention may have a variety of applications, typically in non-ferrous metal smelting processes in bottom blowing furnaces.
In order to solve the problems of low melt entrainment and easy splashing, a first aspect of the present invention provides a nozzle device for a bottom-blowing lance of a metallurgical installation, the nozzle device comprising:
one end of the nozzle body is used as an input end and is connected with an oxygen-containing gas source, and the other opposite end is used as an output end of the nozzle body;
at least one first channel, which is designed to guide the oxygen-containing gas to the outlet end of the nozzle body, extends axially through the nozzle body in an at least sectionally curved or spiral manner, which first channel extends to the outlet end of the nozzle body and forms an injection opening, through which the oxygen-containing gas leaves the nozzle device into the metallurgical installation.
Further, the first channel has a twist in the direction of the central axis of less than 360 °, preferably less than 90 °.
Further, the radius of rotation of the at least one first channel is always constant. Of course, the radius of rotation of the at least one first passage may also gradually decrease about the central axis of the nozzle body. The variable-diameter nozzle body can be of a structure similar to a conical pipe, like a Laval nozzle, the variable-diameter nozzle body is composed of two conical pipes and integrally undergoes a contraction section, a throat part and an expansion section, and the structure can change the flow speed of oxygen-containing gas due to the change of radial sectional area, so that the gas flow is accelerated from subsonic speed to sonic speed and even to supersonic speed. Further, herein, the inner diameter of the at least one first channel is kept constant all the time.
Further, the gap distance between two adjacent first channels in the nozzle body is always equal.
Further, adjacent two first channels in the nozzle body have a decreasing or increasing gap distance therebetween.
Further, the at least one first passage is configured in a cylindrical shape coaxial with a central axis of the nozzle body.
Further, the injection holes of each first passage define respective injection directions of said oxygen-containing gas, thereby enhancing mixing of the oxygen-containing gas with the charge material in the metallurgical plant.
Further, an acute angle θ formed by the ejection direction of the oxygen-containing gas from the injection hole of each first passage and a plane in which the output end of the nozzle body is located ranges from 30 ° or more to 90 °, preferably from 45 ° or more to 90 °, more preferably from 45 ° or more to 60 °. The oxygen-containing gas sprayed out of the output end of the nozzle body leaves the nozzle in different directions to generate flow components in all directions leaving the surface of the output end of the nozzle body, so that each spraying hole forms a rotational flow reaction zone, the reaction area is enlarged, the mixing of the oxygen-containing gas and furnace charge is enhanced, and the utilization rate of the oxygen-containing gas is improved.
Further, the number of the first channels is 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 7.
Further, the nozzle device further comprises a second channel for conveying the cooling fluid and/or the protective fluid, the second channel being arranged inside the nozzle body and extending in the direction of the central axis, the opening of the second channel to the outlet end of the nozzle body being located between the injection hole and the edge of the nozzle body. The first passage extends substantially axially through the nozzle arrangement and constrains the oxygen-containing gas to flow helically. The nozzle device further comprises a second channel for conveying a cooling fluid and/or a protective fluid, which second channel is arranged inside the nozzle body and extends in the direction of the central axis. Because the melt in the bottom blowing furnace is high-temperature liquid with the temperature of over 1000 ℃, normal-temperature gas can be used as cooling gas, the cooling gas is favorable for forming a mushroom head, the contact between the oxygen lance and the high-temperature melt is avoided, and the abrasion and the consumption of the high-temperature melt to the oxygen lance are reduced. The double-layer lance can be manufactured exemplarily, the inner layer is an air or oxygen channel, the outer layer is a channel of protective gas such as nitrogen, and the nitrogen can cool the nozzle of the lance and play the roles of protecting the oxygen lance and prolonging the service life. In addition, the oxygen-containing gas flowing at a high speed can realize the self-cooling effect to a certain extent, and the cooling efficiency is also improved.
Further, the second passage extends in the axial direction of the nozzle body along a face limited by the inner wall of the nozzle body.
Further, the second passage is slit-shaped or cylindrical in the axial direction of the nozzle body, and the opening reaching the output end of the nozzle is quadrangular, circular, or elliptical.
Further, the nozzle body is integrally formed with the first passage by 3D printing.
Further, the ratio of the sectional area of each injection hole to the sectional area of the output end is 1:25 to 1: 100.
In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a spraying device provided with a nozzle arrangement according to the first aspect of the invention and a source of oxygen-containing gas, wherein the source of oxygen-containing gas is arranged for delivering oxygen-containing gas to the nozzle arrangement.
In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of producing a non-ferrous metal melt in a metallurgical plant, comprising the steps of:
(1) providing a charge comprising non-ferrous metals and/or non-ferrous metal oxides to a metallurgical plant;
(2) feeding an oxygen-containing gas to a metallurgical plant through at least one nozzle assembly having the first aspect of the invention;
(3) the furnace burden and oxygen-containing gas produce smelting reaction in the metallurgical device to produce smelting product.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1) the oxygen-containing gas ejected from the nozzle device leaves the nozzle in different directions to generate flow components leaving all directions, so that each ejection hole forms a rotational flow reaction zone, the stirring effect of a molten pool is improved, the reaction area is enlarged, and the utilization rate of the oxygen-containing gas is improved.
2) During slag splashing, due to the existence of the rotating angle and the injection angle, direct scouring of gas jet flow to the furnace bottom can be reduced, more slag is gathered towards the position of a molten pool, the splashing height of the slag is reduced, and the phenomenon of excessive slag sticking at the position of a furnace cap is relieved.
Drawings
The advantages and spirit of the present invention can be further understood by the following detailed description of the invention and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an input end of a nozzle body of a nozzle device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a nozzle assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of a nozzle arrangement provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5a is a trace image of trace particles when a water model experiment is performed with a spray gun apparatus according to a comparative example of the present invention;
fig. 5b is a trace image of trace particles when the spray gun apparatus provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for performing a water model experiment.
Wherein 101 is a central injection hole, 102 is a surrounding injection hole, 103 is a second passage, 104 is a nozzle body, 105 is an output end of the nozzle body, and 106 is a first passage.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention should be understood not to be limited to such an embodiment described below, and the technical idea of the present invention may be implemented in combination with other known techniques or other techniques having the same functions as those of the known techniques.
In the following description of the embodiments, for purposes of clearly illustrating the structure and operation of the present invention, directional terms are used, but the terms "front", "rear", "left", "right", "outer", "inner", "outward", "inward", "axial", "radial", and the like are to be construed as words of convenience and are not to be construed as limiting terms.
In the following description of the specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, but are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically stated otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other suitable relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Unless clearly indicated to the contrary, each aspect or embodiment defined herein may be combined with any other aspect or embodiments. In particular, any feature indicated as being preferred or advantageous may be combined with any other feature indicated as being preferred or advantageous.
Similarly, modifiers similar to "about", "approximately" or "approximately" that occur before a numerical term herein typically include the same number, and their specific meaning should be read in conjunction with the context. Similarly, unless a specific number of a claim recitation is intended to cover both the singular and the plural, and embodiments may include a single feature or a plurality of features.
Description of the terms
"bottom blowing" is to be understood in a broad sense, and oxygen-containing gas is blown into the furnace chamber from the bottom of the furnace body or from the side adjacent to the bottom, and is also understood to be bottom blowing.
"oxygen-containing gas" is typically understood to mean oxygen-enriched air or oxygen. The molar concentration of oxygen in the oxygen-containing gas is at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 50%, preferably at least 80%, more preferably at least 90% and most preferably at least 95%, and may include oxygen-enriched air containing at least 50% oxygen by volume, oxygen-enriched air such as 99.5% pure oxygen produced by a cryogenic air separation plant, or non-pure oxygen (88% or more by volume) produced by a vacuum pressure swing adsorption process, or oxygen produced by any other source.
"protective fluid" is understood to mean a gas which is chemically stable and does not react chemically with the nozzle body, and can typically be a stream of inert gas, for example nitrogen.
"center axis", "axis" and "center axis (line) of the nozzle body" are used synonymously herein to refer to the rotational axis, axis of symmetry or centerline of the nozzle body. Accordingly, "axial direction of the nozzle body" refers to a direction generally parallel to the rotational axis, the axis of symmetry, or the centerline of the nozzle body, or a direction extending parallel to the centerline between the opposite ends. The term "radial" as used herein may refer to a direction or relationship of a line extending perpendicularly outward relative to the axis.
"radius of rotation" refers to the shortest distance from the center point of a cross section to the center axis of the nozzle body if the first passage is made into any cross section in the radial direction. For example, for the outlet end of the nozzle body, the cross section of the first passage at the outlet end is the injection opening. If the injection hole is circular, the shortest distance from the center of the circle to the central axis of the nozzle body is the rotating radius of the first channel at the output end. If the injection hole has a non-circular shape, the shortest distance from the center of symmetry of the shape to the center axis of the nozzle body is the radius of rotation.
The "gap distance" between two adjacent first passages may be understood as a distance between centers of two adjacent first passages in any radial cross section.
The terms "helically," "curvilinearly," and "curvilinearly" are used in their general geometric definition. In this context, the first channel can be an arcuate section, for example circular or helical, which is curved, and which extends over at least 90 ° (preferably 180 °), an extension of at least half a turn or a turn being possible.
The terms "rotation angle", "helix angle" are to be understood as the angle of the helix with respect to the radial circumferential surface. It is understood that, on any radial section of the nozzle body, the starting point and the ending point of the first passage are projected to the radial section, and the included angle formed between the two projected points and the central point of the nozzle body on the radial section is the rotation angle. The included angle may be greater than 180 ° or less than 180 °. The preferred range of rotation angles is approximately between 45 ° and 90 °, with 60 ° being most preferred, when the first passage has a twist of less than 90 ° in the direction of the central axis.
The term "injection angle" is understood to mean an angle formed by the oxygen-containing gas leaving the nozzle body, and may be represented by an angle θ formed by the ejection direction of the injection holes of the first passage and the plane in which the output end of the nozzle body is located, as shown in FIG. 4.
The term "3D printing", which may also be understood as "additive manufacturing", should be understood to include any method, process or system for producing a three-dimensional object in which successive layers of material are deposited under computer control using digital model data to create the object. Thus, 3D printing includes, but is not limited to, various three-dimensional object production methods, such as any type of extrusion deposition, fused deposition modeling, fuse fabrication or other extrusion process, stereolithography, digital light processing of photopolymers, laminate object fabrication, directed energy deposition, electron beam fabrication, powder bed printing, inkjet head 3D printing, direct metal laser sintering, selective heat sintering, electron beam melting, or selective laser melting. Furthermore, these additive manufacturing methods can be used to produce objects from a wide variety of materials including, but not limited to, virtually any metal alloy, metal foil, metal powder, ceramic powder, plastic film, powdered polymer, photopolymer, various ceramic materials, metal matrix composites, ceramic matrix composites, metal clay, thermoplastics, eutectic materials, rubber, and even edible materials. Furthermore, the term "3D" printing may encompass objects produced by any known object modeling technique, including but not limited to CAD (computer aided design) modeling, 3D scanners, and even conventional digital cameras and accompanying photogrammetric equipment.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
Example 1
The following example shows a schematic of the construction of a typical nozzle arrangement of the present invention.
The nozzle device has a nozzle body 104, which is substantially cylindrical. One end of the nozzle body serves as an input end to which a source of oxygen-containing gas is connected, and the other opposite end serves as an output end 105 of the nozzle body. As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 4, seven injection holes are arranged at the output end, wherein six surrounding injection holes 102 are evenly distributed around one central injection hole 101. The injection angles θ of the six surrounding injection holes are all 60 °. Accordingly, the nozzle device is arranged with seven first channels 106, corresponding to seven injection holes arranged on the output end 105, respectively. Wherein the centrally located first passage may be cylindrical with a central axis parallel to a central axis of the nozzle body. Alternatively, the seven first channels may each be arranged as an extension in the form of a spiral.
The wall of the first passage 106 is also formed in a curved spiral shape as a whole, and the oxygen-containing gas obtains a spiral streamline by the restriction of the wall of the first passage, so that the oxygen-containing gas is jetted from the jet holes in different directions.
As shown in FIG. 3, each first passage spirals about the central axis of the nozzle body in a spiral shape. The number of revolutions of the first passage may be 1/2, the central orifice of the nozzle device having a diameter of 2.4mm, the other six surrounding orifices having a diameter of 2.2mm, the inner diameter and shape of each first passage being constant throughout the nozzle body. The distance from the input end to the output end of the nozzle body in the axial direction is 11.7mm, the rotating radiuses of the six surrounding first passages are all 2.15mm, and the rotating radiuses are always consistent along the direction of the central axis.
As shown in fig. 4, as can be seen from the longitudinal sectional view of the nozzle body, inside the nozzle body, the first passage is coupled to the output end of the nozzle body, and the first passage is substantially circular in cross section in the radial direction and is limited by the cylindrical wall of the nozzle body. Of course, the cross section of the first channel in the radial direction may also be oval, quadrilateral, triangular or other irregular shapes.
As an embodiment in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a corresponding second channel 103 may also be arranged in the nozzle body as a channel for the protective fluid, also limited by the cylindrical wall of the nozzle body, preferably outside each first channel. The outer surface of the first passage may be spaced sufficiently from the inner surface of the nozzle body to define a narrow gap therebetween as the second passage. These gaps form secondary passages sufficient for the protective fluid to pass through, thereby acting to protect the nozzle body. The opening of the second passage at the output end of the nozzle body may be quadrilateral, circular or elliptical.
The nozzle device provided with the nozzle body, the first channel and the second channel described herein may be one-piece, unitary, e.g. may be made by progressive addition machining methods (e.g. 3D printing) or the like. Preferably, the nozzle body may be selected from a material that is seamless, such as a metal, and more preferably stainless steel.
In this embodiment, the nozzle device described in embodiment 1 is used, and the water model of the bottom-blowing furnace is used to observe the time for uniformly mixing the melt in the melting bottom-blowing furnace, so that the production process of the melting bottom-blowing furnace can be reproduced, and the simulation result can be obtained to know the parameters of the melting effect, such as the height of the molten pool liquid level, the flow rate of the oxygen-containing gas, the angle of the lance, and the like. The bottom blowing furnace water model experimental device and the bottom blowing furnace water model experimental method disclosed in the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN 109801549A are all incorporated by reference herein.
The bottom-blowing furnace water model in this embodiment includes a transparent bottom-blowing furnace and a source of oxygen-containing gas. The bottom blowing furnace comprises a furnace body, a smoke outlet and a charging hole are formed in the top of the furnace body, a spray gun mounting hole is formed in the bottom of the furnace body, an oxygen-containing gas source is connected with a spray gun pipe, and the spray gun pipe is assembled in the spray gun mounting hole after being assembled with the nozzle device in the embodiment 1 and used for inputting oxygen-containing gas and nitrogen protection gas into a molten pool. The vessel defines a space for the molten bath, and lances extending through the floor and upwardly into the molten bath at an axial location adjacent the floor by means of which lances oxygen-containing gas may be injected into the molten bath.
In the bottom-blowing furnace water model of this example, the radius of the molten pool was set to 342mm, the width of the molten pool was set to 300mm, the height of the liquid surface was set to 342mm, and the density of the liquid phase in the molten pool was 1000kg.m-3The gas injection amount is 9.7Nm3And h, the spray gun installation angle is 7 degrees. Specifically, the water model experiment of the bottom blowing furnace can be carried out according to the following steps:
(1) adding water and engine oil into the transparent bottom blowing furnace, wherein the water is used for simulating liquid copper sulfur or blister copper, and the engine oil is used for simulating slag;
(2) starting an air supply system, and adjusting the pressure and the flow of the air to enable the transparent bottom-blowing furnace to reach a stable air supply state, wherein the air in the air supply system adopts compressed air and is used for simulating oxygen-containing gas sprayed in the bottom-blowing furnace;
(3) adding a proper amount of tracer particles into a transparent bottom blowing furnace, and uniformly mixing for a period of time; these tracer particles may be polystyrene powder having a particle size of about 10 microns and a density of about 1.03 to 1.05 g/cm;
(4) using a PIV (particle Image velocimetry) particle Image velocimeter to shoot the movement speed and the direction of tracer particles with different sections in the bottom-blowing furnace;
(5) the experimental conditions were changed and the above steps were repeated to obtain a series of experimental results, as shown in fig. 5 b.
Comparative example 1
The procedure was followed substantially as described in example 1, except that the nozzle used was a conventional straight-line sleeve type nozzle as disclosed in chinese patent CN 200974858Y.
The two-dimensional velocity distribution of the tracer particles at different positions of the longitudinal section of the water model bottom-blowing furnace is shot by a PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) device, so that the instantaneous velocity distribution on the longitudinal section in the furnace is simulated, and the motion form of bubbles and the stirring condition of gas to the melt are displayed, as shown in FIG. 5 a.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 5a, the conventional straight sleeve type nozzle has a poor entrainment effect, and most of the material floats on the surface of the molten bath. And as shown in fig. 5b, the nozzle device provided by the invention has excellent spraying effect, tracer particles are uniformly dispersed in the molten pool, and the distribution concentration of material particles in the molten pool is gradually increased in the direction far away from the nozzle side and is obviously greater than that of the particles near the nozzle, namely on the surface of the molten pool. The formed stream can impact a plurality of parts of a molten pool, the area of the jet flow acting on the molten pool is increased, and the dynamic condition of chemical reaction in the molten pool can be obviously improved.
The jet generated by the nozzle device provided by the embodiment generates considerable vortex in a molten pool, generates axial force and radial force, can form tangential component, improves the entrainment rate of materials, improves the stirring of oxygen-containing gas jet flow to the molten pool, realizes high mixing rate of the oxygen-containing gas and molten materials, and reduces the occurrence of splashing phenomenon in the molten pool. In addition, the nozzle device also prolongs the stroke of liquid phase in the molten pool and the gas-liquid action time, the buoyancy of bubbles is larger, and solid materials staying in the molten pool are increased. In the actual process, the protective fluid and/or the cooling fluid can flow out into the molten bath through the second channel of the nozzle device, which is also beneficial to prolonging the service life of the nozzle device in the environment of strong oxidation high temperature.
The embodiments described in the specification are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art can obtain technical solutions through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments according to the concepts of the present invention, and all such technical solutions are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A nozzle arrangement for a bottom blowing lance of a metallurgical plant, characterized in that the nozzle arrangement comprises:
one end of the nozzle body is used as an input end and is connected with an oxygen-containing gas source, and the other opposite end is used as an output end of the nozzle body;
at least one first channel, which is designed to conduct an oxygen-containing gas to the outlet end of the nozzle body, extends axially through the nozzle body in an at least sectionally curved or spiral manner, which first channel extends to the outlet end of the nozzle body and forms an injection opening, through which the oxygen-containing gas leaves the nozzle device into the metallurgical installation.
2. A nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein the first passage has a twist in the direction of the central axis of less than 360 °, preferably less than 90 °.
3. A nozzle arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the radius of rotation of at least one of the first passageways remains constant throughout.
4. The nozzle device of claim 1, wherein the gap distance between two adjacent first passages in the nozzle body is always the same.
5. Nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that the injection holes of each first channel define respective injection directions for said oxygen-containing gas, thereby enhancing the mixing of the oxygen-containing gas with the charge material in the metallurgical plant.
6. A nozzle device according to claim 5, wherein an acute angle θ between the ejection direction of the oxygen-containing gas from the injection hole of each first passage and a plane in which the outlet end of the nozzle body lies is in a range of 30 ° or more and less than 90 °, preferably 45 ° or more and less than 90 °, more preferably 45 ° or more and less than 60 °.
7. A nozzle device according to claim 1, wherein the number of first passages is 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 7.
8. A nozzle device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzle device further comprises a second channel for conveying cooling fluid and/or protective fluid, which second channel is arranged inside the nozzle body and extends in the direction of the central axis, the opening of which second channel to the outlet end of the nozzle body being situated between the spray orifice and the edge of the nozzle body.
9. Injection device provided with a nozzle arrangement according to any of claims 1-8 and a source of oxygen-containing gas, characterized in that the source of oxygen-containing gas is arranged for feeding oxygen-containing gas to the nozzle arrangement.
10. A method for producing a non-ferrous metal melt in a metallurgical plant, comprising the steps of:
(1) providing a charge comprising non-ferrous metals and/or non-ferrous metal oxides to a metallurgical plant;
(2) feeding an oxygen-containing gas to a metallurgical plant through at least one nozzle device with a nozzle arrangement according to any one of claims 1-8;
(3) the furnace burden and oxygen-containing gas produce smelting reaction in the metallurgical device to produce smelting product.
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| CN202011643708.0A CN112857053A (en) | 2020-12-31 | 2020-12-31 | Nozzle arrangement for a bottom-blowing lance of a metallurgical plant and use thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114277216A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-05 | 辽宁丰德耐磨新材料制品有限公司 | In-ladle argon blowing stirring method for production of wear-resistant steel balls |
| CN114369727A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-19 | 广西金川有色金属有限公司 | Flash smelting furnace side-blown reduction method |
| CN115681989A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-02-03 | 山西智博环化工程有限公司 | Control method of thermal flow field in melting furnace, melting furnace and application of melting furnace |
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| CN214620652U (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-11-05 | 东北大学 | Nozzle arrangement for a bottom-blowing lance of a metallurgical plant and injection device for such a bottom-blowing lance |
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