CN112846481A - Welding equipment and method for multi-fin structure product - Google Patents
Welding equipment and method for multi-fin structure product Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846481A CN112846481A CN202110033589.5A CN202110033589A CN112846481A CN 112846481 A CN112846481 A CN 112846481A CN 202110033589 A CN202110033589 A CN 202110033589A CN 112846481 A CN112846481 A CN 112846481A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
- B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
- B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
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Abstract
The invention relates to welding equipment and a welding method for a multi-fin structure product, which comprise a vibration end and a plurality of synchronously fed upset ends, wherein the vibration end comprises a vibration cylinder and a vibration column which are detachably connected; the upsetting end comprises an upsetting tool and an upsetting driving mechanism, the upsetting driving mechanism is used for driving the upsetting tool to move along the radial direction of the main body of the multi-fin structure product, and fins of the multi-fin structure product are fixedly distributed in the circumferential direction of the main body of the multi-fin structure product through the upsetting tool. The invention also relates to a welding method of the multi-fin structure product. The purpose of the welding equipment for the multi-fin structure product is to solve the problem that the traditional welding equipment cannot weld the multi-fin structure product at one time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of welding manufacture, in particular to welding equipment and a method for a multi-fin structure product.
Background
Linear friction welding (Linear welding) is a solid-phase connection method, in the welding process, a workpiece on a vibration side vibrates in a reciprocating mode at high frequency, the workpiece on an upset side is in contact with the vibration workpiece under the action of certain friction pressure, mutual friction is generated, friction heat is generated, the temperature of an interface is rapidly increased, base metal on two sides of the interface close to a region is softened and generates plastic flow, and the base metal is extruded out of the interface to form flash under the action of the friction pressure; when the temperature distribution and deformation of the welding area reach a certain degree, the vibration of the vibration workpiece is stopped quickly, the workpiece is aligned and upset forging pressure is applied, and metals on two sides of the interface are connected together through mutual diffusion and recrystallization, so that the whole welding process is completed.
The linear friction welding has the advantages that the joint structure is a forged structure, the performance is stable and reliable, the welding adaptability to titanium alloy is good, welding can be realized in an atmospheric environment, and the production cost is low. The disadvantages are: the welding process needs larger pressure and is only suitable for welding workpieces with better rigidity, and flash is generated in the welding process, so that the process adaptability needs to be considered.
The manufacturing of certain novel many fin structure product adopts linear friction welding technique to weld the fin to the barrel in proper order at present, because the fin welding produces the welding overlap, the overlap of welded fin can lead to the fact the fin welding of its both sides afterwards and shelter from, consequently during this structure of present welding, a round fin of interval welding generally earlier, need dismantle to get off and carry out the welding that the processing of deburring machine just can carry out follow-up fin after welding, if fin quantity is the even number, need two rounds to accomplish the welding, if fin quantity is the odd number, then need three rounds just can accomplish the welding.
The welding method has the advantages that the prior art is adopted for welding the fins, the fins are welded on the barrel body one by one in sequence, the first problem is that the normal welding of the fins on two sides is influenced by the flash generated by welding, the fins on two sides can be welded only by disassembling and deburring after the first round of welding, the clamping and debugging are required to be repeated, and the period is long; a second problem is that the weld perimeter experiences a higher temperature thermal cycle during welding, which acts in localized areas around the weld perimeter and which, due to localized heating, can have a detrimental effect on the profile dimensions of the welded component.
Therefore, the inventor provides a welding device and a welding method for a multi-fin structural product.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the invention provides welding equipment for a multi-fin structural product, which is characterized in that a vibration end of linear friction welding equipment is arranged to be a detachable cylinder, when a main body of the multi-fin structural product is welded, the main body is arranged on the vibration column at the vibration end, fins are fixedly distributed around by an upsetting tool, the fins before welding are at a certain distance from a cylinder, the cylinder performs high-frequency linear vibration under the driving of the equipment after welding is started, the same upsetting force is output to a plurality of upsetting ends under the control of a hydraulic source, the fins are synchronously close to the main body in the radial direction under the action of the upsetting force, the fins and the main body are contacted and then generate heat through friction to form a welding line, and the welding is stopped when the shortening amount reaches a preset position, so that the technical problem that the conventional welding equipment cannot realize one-time welding of the multi-fin structural product is solved.
(2) Technical scheme
The first aspect of the embodiment of the invention provides welding equipment for a multi-fin structural product, which comprises a vibration end and a plurality of synchronously fed upset ends, wherein the vibration end comprises a vibration cylinder and a vibration column which are detachably connected, two ends of the vibration column are respectively and coaxially connected with the two vibration cylinders, and a main body of the multi-fin structural product is arranged on the vibration column and can perform high-frequency linear vibration along the axial direction of the vibration column;
the upset end includes upset frock and upset actuating mechanism, upset actuating mechanism is used for the drive the upset frock is followed the radial movement of the main part of many wing structure products, the fin of many wing structure products by the upset frock carry out fixed distribution in the circumference of the main part of many wing structure products.
Furthermore, the upsetting driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic source, an oil pipe, upsetting cylinders and connecting rods, wherein the hydraulic source is connected with each upsetting cylinder through the oil pipe, and each upsetting cylinder is coaxially connected with the corresponding upsetting tool through the connecting rods and is used for driving the upsetting tool to move.
Further, the bottom of the upsetting tool is provided with a guide rail which is arranged along the radial direction of the main body of the multi-fin structure product.
Further, the upset actuating mechanism is motion, the upset frock with motion's contact surface is first wedge face, motion have with the second wedge face of first wedge face looks adaptation, motion can follow vertical direction motion and pass through each the upset frock is followed simultaneously the radial movement of the main part of many fin structure product.
Further, the bottom of the upsetting tool is provided with a guide pulley.
Further, the motion mechanism is hollow cylindrical.
Further, each upsetting tool is arranged in the moving mechanism in a radial distribution mode along the main body of the multi-fin structure product.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a welding method of a welding apparatus using the above multi-fin structured product, the method including the steps of:
1) mounting a main body of the multi-fin structure product on a vibration column, and connecting the vibration column, on which the main body of the multi-fin structure product is mounted, with a vibration cylinder again;
2) withdrawing the upsetting tool from the main body of the multi-fin structure product along the guide groove, and installing fins of the to-be-welded multi-fin structure product;
3) outputting the same first upsetting force to each upsetting tool under the driving of an upsetting driving mechanism, driving fins of the multi-fin structure product to be synchronously close to a main body of the multi-fin structure product in the radial direction, and stopping when a set distance is reached;
4) according to the pre-input process parameters, starting vibration of the equipment, and generating high-frequency vibration at a vibration end according to the determined frequency and amplitude;
5) after the vibration is stable, the upsetting driving mechanism outputs the same second upsetting force to each upsetting tool again to drive the fins of the multi-fin structure product to feed in the radial direction of the main body of the multi-fin structure product again, the main body of the multi-fin structure product and the fins of the multi-fin structure product are in mutual contact, and the main body of the multi-fin structure product and the fins of the multi-fin structure product are rubbed to generate flash;
6) and maintaining the friction pressure until the fins of the multi-fin structure product reach the preset shortening position, returning the vibration side to zero for centering, and completing welding.
(3) Advantageous effects
In summary, the vibration end of the linear friction welding device is a detachable column, when the main body of the multi-fin structural product is welded, the main body is mounted on the vibration column of the vibration end, the fins are fixedly distributed around by the upsetting tool, the fins before welding are at a certain distance from the cylinder, the cylinder is driven by the device to perform high-frequency linear vibration after welding is started, the same upsetting force is output to the multiple upsetting ends under the control of a hydraulic source, the fins are radially and synchronously close to the main body under the action of the upsetting force, the fins and the main body are contacted to generate heat through friction to form a welding line, and the welding is stopped when the shortening amount reaches a preset position, so that the welding is completed. All the fins are welded on the main body at one time, and the main body is uniformly heated, so that the structural deformation control is facilitated; the fins are simultaneously welded, and after the fins are contacted with each other, the fins are in a red hot state when being just produced, so that the strength is low, the fins are freely deformed after being contacted, the welding process is not influenced, one-time welding is possible, the welding efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a welding apparatus for a multi-fin structure product according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a welding apparatus for a multi-airfoil structured product according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of another welding apparatus for a multi-panel structure product according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a top view of another welding apparatus for a multi-panel structure product according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1-vibrating a cylinder; 2-vibrating column; 3-upsetting a tool; 401-a hydraulic pressure source; 402-oil pipe; 403-upsetting the cylinder; 404-a connecting rod; 501-a motion mechanism; 502-a second wedge-facet; 503-a guide pulley; 100-a body of a multi-fin structural product; 200-a tab of a multi-tab construction product.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, alterations, and improvements in the parts, components, and connections without departing from the spirit of the invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1-4 are schematic structural diagrams of a welding apparatus for a multi-blade structure product according to an embodiment of the present invention, including a vibration end and a plurality of synchronously fed upset ends, where the vibration end includes a vibration cylinder 1 and a vibration column 2 that are detachably connected, two ends of the vibration column 2 are respectively and coaxially connected to two vibration cylinders 1, and a main body 100 of the multi-blade structure product is mounted on the vibration column 2 and can perform high-frequency linear vibration along an axial direction of the vibration column 2; the upset end includes upset frock 3 and upset actuating mechanism, and the upset actuating mechanism is used for driving upset frock 3 along the radial movement of the main part 100 of multi-fin structure product, and the fin 200 of multi-fin structure product is carried out fixed distribution by the upset frock in the circumference of the main part 100 of multi-fin structure product.
In the above embodiment, the welding apparatus is used for manufacturing a multi-fin structure product, such as: rudder airfoil products, radiator products, etc. The welding equipment can simplify the manufacturing process, improve the production efficiency, reduce the deformation of workpieces and keep the consistency of the appearance and the dimensional accuracy of products. All fins are welded on the barrel body at one time, the barrel body is heated uniformly, structural deformation control is facilitated, the fins are produced simultaneously, after the fins are contacted with each other, deformation is easy to occur due to the fact that the fins are in a red hot state when being produced, the welding process is not affected, and one-time welding is possible.
Specifically, the fin 200 of the multi-fin structural product before welding is at a certain distance from the main body 100 of the multi-fin structural product, the bottom of the upsetting tool 3 can only move radially, and the circumferential and axial degrees of freedom are zero.
The plurality of synchronously fed upsetting ends may be a plurality of upsetting cylinders 403 output by the same hydraulic source 401, or may be realized by reversing through an integral wedge (the movement mechanism 501 is matched with a wedge-shaped contact surface of the upsetting tool 3) and simultaneously controlling the plurality of upsetting tools 3.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1-2, the upsetting driving mechanism includes a hydraulic pressure source 401, an oil pipe 402, upsetting cylinders 403 and connecting rods 404, the hydraulic pressure source 401 is connected to each upsetting cylinder 403 through the oil pipe 402, and each upsetting cylinder 403 is coaxially connected to a corresponding upsetting tool 3 through the connecting rods 404 and is used for driving the upsetting tool 3 to move. This is a specific structure form belonging to the upsetting driving mechanism, and the movement of the upsetting tool 3 is driven by hydraulic pressure.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the bottom of the upsetting tool 3 is provided with a guide rail 405 arranged in a radial direction of the body 100 of the multi-fin structural product. Wherein, the arrangement of the guide rail 405 can facilitate the horizontal reciprocating motion of the upsetting tool 3 along the radial direction of the main body 100 of the multi-blade structure product.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 to 4, the upsetting driving mechanism is a moving mechanism 501, the contact surface of the upsetting tool 3 and the moving mechanism 501 is a first wedge-shaped surface, the moving mechanism 501 has a second wedge-shaped surface 502 adapted to the first wedge-shaped surface, and the moving mechanism 502 is movable in the vertical direction and drives each upsetting tool 3 to move along the radial direction of the main body 100 of the multi-fin structural product through the second wedge-shaped surface 502. The motion mechanism 501 moves downwards, and due to the matching wedge surface between the motion mechanism 501 and the upsetting tool 3, the motion of the motion mechanism 501 is converted into the radial motion of the fins 200 of the multi-fin structural product, and the motion mechanism 501 with the wedge surface drives the motion of the upsetting tool 3 matched with the contact surface of the motion mechanism 501.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the bottom of the upsetting tool 3 is provided with a guide pulley 503. The arrangement of the guide pulley 503 can facilitate the horizontal reciprocating motion of the upsetting tool 3 along the radial direction of the main body 100 of the multi-blade structure product.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the motion mechanism 502 is hollow cylindrical. The moving mechanism 502 is a whole, and moves downwards to make the fins 200 of all multi-fin structure products approach to the main body 100 of the multi-fin structure product synchronously, so as to drive the fins 200 of the multi-fin structure product to approach to the main body 100 of the multi-fin structure product gradually.
In some alternative embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, each upsetting tool 3 is arranged in the moving mechanism 502 along the radial distribution of the main body of the multi-fin structural product.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a welding method of a welding apparatus using the above multi-fin structured product, the method including the steps of:
s1, mounting the main body 100 of the multi-fin structural product on the vibration column 2, and connecting the vibration column 2 of the main body 100 mounted with the multi-fin structural product with the vibration cylinder 1 again;
s2, withdrawing the upsetting tool 3 from the main body 100 of the multi-fin structural product along the guide groove, and installing the fins 200 of the multi-fin structural product to be welded;
s3, outputting the same first upsetting force to each upsetting tool 3 under the driving of the upsetting driving mechanism, driving the fins 200 of the multi-fin structural product to be synchronously close to the main body 100 of the multi-fin structural product in the radial direction, and stopping when the distance reaches a set distance;
s4, according to the pre-input process parameters, starting vibration of the equipment, and enabling the vibration end to generate high-frequency vibration according to the determined frequency and amplitude;
s5, after the vibration is stable, outputting the same second upsetting force to each upsetting tool 3 by the upsetting driving mechanism again to drive the fins 200 of the multi-fin structure product to feed to the main body 100 of the multi-fin structure product again in the radial direction, and enabling the main body 100 of the multi-fin structure product and the fins 200 of the multi-fin structure product to contact with each other to generate flash through friction;
and S6, maintaining the friction pressure until the fins 200 of the multi-fin structural product reach the preset shortening position, returning the vibration side to zero alignment, and completing welding.
In the above embodiment, the set distance may be 2 mm.
Specifically, taking a certain cylinder member containing 8 fins as an example for specific description, withdrawing the upsetting tool from the core cylinder along the guide groove, mounting the fins to be welded, and sequentially mounting 8 fins; outputting the same upsetting force to the plurality of upsetting ends under the control of a hydraulic source, wherein 8 fins synchronously approach the core barrel in the radial direction under the action of the upsetting force and stop when the distance is 2 mm; according to the pre-input process parameters, starting vibration of the equipment, and generating high-frequency vibration at a vibration end according to the determined frequency and amplitude; after the vibration is stable, the hydraulic source outputs upsetting pressure to the plurality of upsetting ends again to drive 8 fins to feed the core part workpiece radially again, the core part cylinder and the fins are in mutual contact, and the fins are rubbed to generate flash. By adopting the welding method, all the fins are welded on the main body at one time, the main body is uniformly heated, the structural deformation control is facilitated, the fins are simultaneously generated, after the fins are contacted with each other, the fins are easily deformed because the fins are in a red hot state when being generated, the welding process is not influenced, and the one-time welding is possible.
It should be clear that the embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts in the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. The present invention is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known process techniques is omitted herein for the sake of brevity.
The above are merely examples of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and alterations to this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (8)
1. The welding equipment of the multi-fin structural product is characterized by comprising a vibration end and a plurality of synchronously fed upset ends, wherein the vibration end comprises a vibration cylinder (1) and a vibration column (2) which are detachably connected, two ends of the vibration column (2) are respectively and coaxially connected with the two vibration cylinders (1), and a main body (100) of the multi-fin structural product is installed on the vibration column (2) and can perform high-frequency linear vibration along the axial direction of the vibration column (2);
the upset end is including upset frock (3) and upset actuating mechanism, upset actuating mechanism is used for the drive upset frock (3) are followed the radial movement of main part (100) of many wing structure products, wing (200) of many wing structure products by the upset frock carry out fixed distribution in the circumference of main part (100) of many wing structure products.
2. The welding equipment for multi-wing structural products according to claim 1, characterized in that the upsetting driving mechanism comprises a hydraulic source (401), an oil pipe (402), upsetting cylinders (403) and a connecting rod (404), wherein the hydraulic source (401) is connected with each upsetting cylinder (403) through the oil pipe (402), and each upsetting cylinder (403) is coaxially connected with the corresponding upsetting tool (3) through the connecting rod (404) and is used for driving the upsetting tool (3) to move.
3. The welding equipment of the multi-fin structural product according to claim 2, wherein the bottom of the upsetting tool (3) is provided with a guide rail (405) arranged along a radial direction of the main body (100) of the multi-fin structural product.
4. The welding equipment of multi-fin structural product according to claim 1, wherein the upsetting driving mechanism is a moving mechanism (501), the contact surface of the upsetting tool (3) and the moving mechanism (501) is a first wedge-shaped surface, the moving mechanism (501) has a second wedge-shaped surface (502) matched with the first wedge-shaped surface, and the moving mechanism (502) can move along the vertical direction and drive each upsetting tool (3) to move along the radial direction of the main body (100) of the multi-fin structural product through the second wedge-shaped surface (502).
5. The welding equipment of the multi-wing structural product according to claim 4, characterized in that the bottom of the upsetting tool (3) is provided with a guide pulley (503).
6. The welding apparatus of a multi-airfoil structured product according to claim 4, wherein the movement mechanism (502) is hollow cylindrical.
7. Welding equipment of a multi-finned structure product according to claim 6, characterized in that each of said upsetting tools (3) is arranged in said moving mechanism (502) radially distributed along the body of the multi-finned structure product.
8. A welding method using a welding apparatus for a multi-fin structured product according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by comprising the steps of:
1) mounting a main body (100) of the multi-fin structure product on a vibrating column (2), and connecting the vibrating column (2) of the main body (100) of the multi-fin structure product with the vibrating cylinder (1) again;
2) withdrawing the upsetting tool (3) from the main body (100) of the multi-fin structural product along the guide groove, and installing fins (200) of the multi-fin structural product to be welded;
3) outputting the same first upsetting force to each upsetting tool (3) under the driving of an upsetting driving mechanism, driving fins (200) of the multi-fin structure product to be close to a main body (100) of the multi-fin structure product in a radial synchronous mode, and stopping when the distance is set;
4) according to the pre-input process parameters, starting vibration of the equipment, and generating high-frequency vibration at a vibration end according to the determined frequency and amplitude;
5) after the vibration is stable, the upsetting driving mechanism outputs the same second upsetting force to each upsetting tool (3) again to drive the fins (200) of the multi-fin structure product to feed in the radial direction of the main body (100) of the multi-fin structure product again, the main body (100) of the multi-fin structure product and the fins (200) of the multi-fin structure product are in mutual contact, and the main body and the fins (100) of the multi-fin structure product are rubbed to generate flash;
6) and maintaining the friction pressure until the fins (200) of the multi-fin structural product reach the preset shortening position, returning the vibration side to zero alignment, and completing welding.
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| WO2013026573A2 (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2013-02-28 | Wartmann Technologie Ag | Method and system for the creation of a butt joint between rotationally symmetrical members |
| CN202900836U (en) * | 2012-11-14 | 2013-04-24 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Annular hooping shaft locking device |
| CN103551729A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-02-05 | 黄山学院 | Linear friction welding device for manufacturing integral impeller |
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