CN112846237A - 3D printing equipment leveling system and automatic leveling method thereof - Google Patents
3D printing equipment leveling system and automatic leveling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112846237A CN112846237A CN202011403410.2A CN202011403410A CN112846237A CN 112846237 A CN112846237 A CN 112846237A CN 202011403410 A CN202011403410 A CN 202011403410A CN 112846237 A CN112846237 A CN 112846237A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/214—Doctor blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leveling system and an automatic leveling method of 3D printing equipment, and belongs to the field of research and development of powder additive manufacturing equipment. The system comprises: the working cavity comprises a working platform, a working cavity top plate, a working cavity left vertical plate, a working cavity right vertical plate, a working cavity front vertical plate and a working cavity rear vertical plate; the powder spreading device comprises a tool rest, a pose adjusting unit, a driving guide rail, a speed reducer, a transfer shaft and a driving motor; the formed part lifting device comprises a cylinder body, a base plate, a universal adjusting bearing, a jacking support plate, a leveling unit and a lifting unit; and an image acquisition device and a data processing device. The invention can automatically level, save a large amount of time, ensure the leveling precision, eliminate fine errors caused by the blockage of a scraper, the processing of a base plate, the manual loading and unloading of the base plate and the like, and is more efficient and more intelligent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of research and development of powder additive manufacturing equipment, and particularly relates to a 3D printing equipment leveling system and an automatic leveling method thereof.
Background
The 3D printing technology is a material increase manufacturing technology which converts 3D data into 2D data, prints the data layer by layer through a computer-controlled 3D printer and finally forms a finished product, is usually applied to model manufacturing in the fields of mold manufacturing, industrial design and the like, is gradually applied to direct manufacturing of industrial parts, and is applied to the fields of aerospace, weaponry, medical treatment, education, jewelry, industrial design, automobiles, buildings and the like.
The existing 3D printing equipment mostly adopts a powder paving mode to pave and compact powder. In order to ensure the forming effect of the workpiece, the parallel relation between the scraper and the substrate needs to be strictly ensured, and the parallelism needs to reach +/-0.05 mm. At present, most 3D printing equipment adopts the manual mode to measure the distance between scraper and the base plate, and operating personnel need through experience repeated adjustment many times, not only wasted a large amount of time, still can't guarantee the precision of leveling, can't eliminate the slight error that produces because of scraper card pause, base plate processing, manual loading and unloading base plate etc. reason even more. Therefore, in order to eliminate the fine error, ensure the machining precision of the workpiece, and shorten the cycle time, a more efficient and intelligent solution is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a leveling system and a leveling method for 3D printing equipment, which can automatically level, save a lot of time, ensure leveling precision, eliminate fine errors caused by scraper jamming, substrate processing, manual substrate loading and unloading and the like, and are more efficient and intelligent.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a 3D printing device leveling system comprising:
the working cavity comprises a working platform, a working cavity top plate, a working cavity left vertical plate, a working cavity right vertical plate, a working cavity front vertical plate and a working cavity rear vertical plate;
the powder spreading device comprises a tool rest, a pose adjusting unit, a driving guide rail, a speed reducer, a transfer shaft and a driving motor;
the forming part lifting device comprises a cylinder body, a base plate, a universal adjusting bearing, a jacking supporting plate, a leveling unit and a lifting unit;
and an image acquisition device and a data processing device.
Further, the knife rest comprises a knife rest upper main body, a knife rest lower main body, a scraper pressing plate and a laser ranging sensor.
Further, the upper knife rest main body and the lower knife rest main body are fixed through bolts, and the scraper pressing plate are fixed on the lower knife rest main body; the laser ranging sensor is fixed in the tool rest and can measure the distance between the working platform and the sensor in real time.
Further, the position and orientation adjusting unit comprises a position and orientation adjusting motor, a motor fixing seat, an upper supporting seat, a lower supporting seat, a screw nut pair, a bearing, a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt.
Further, the pose adjusting motor is fixed on the motor fixing seat; the upper support seat and the lower support seat are fixed through bolts; the screw rod nut pair is fixed between the upper supporting seat and the lower supporting seat through a bearing; the synchronous belt pulleys are respectively fixed on the screw nut pair nut and the pose adjusting motor; the synchronous belt is connected to the synchronous belt wheel.
Further, the driving guide rail is fixed on the inner side of the working cavity top plate.
Furthermore, the speed reducer is connected with the driving guide rail through a transfer shaft.
Furthermore, the driving motor is fixed on the speed reducer.
Further, the base plate is supported on 3 universal adjusting bearings; and 1 of the universal adjusting bearings is fixed on the jacking supporting plate, and the other 2 universal adjusting bearings are fixed on the leveling unit.
Furthermore, the leveling unit is fixed below the jacking support plate and comprises a leveling lifting movement electric cylinder and a leveling motor.
Furthermore, the lifting unit comprises a jacking lifting electric cylinder and a lifting motor, is fixed on the cylinder body, and is connected with the jacking supporting plate through a nut.
Furthermore, the image acquisition device is fixed on the working cavity top plate and comprises a camera and a camera mounting support.
Further, the data processing device comprises a transmission cable, an industrial personal computer and a trained neural network program.
Furthermore, the neural network program comprises a large amount of preliminary work, the distance between the base plate and the working platform is measured manually, a corresponding relation is formed between the distance and data obtained by the data acquisition device, the neural network program continuously learns and evolves by self through repeated tests, an intelligent judgment program is finally formed, the distance required to be moved by the leveling unit can be automatically decided, and whether the base plate is parallel to the working platform or not can be automatically judged.
Further, the training process of the neural network program includes:
manually measuring the distance between the substrate and the working platform, and forming a corresponding relation with the data obtained by the data acquisition device;
through repeated tests, the neural network program continuously learns and evolves by self, an intelligent judgment program is finally formed, the movement distance of the leveling unit can be automatically decided, and whether the base plate is parallel to the working platform or not can be automatically judged.
Further, the camera is fixed on the camera mounting support; the camera mounting support is fixed on the working cavity top plate.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an automatic leveling method for a 3D printing apparatus leveling system according to any one of the above aspects, the method comprising the steps of:
step 1: lifting the substrate to a position approximately coincident with the working platform;
step 2: collecting the position information of the measuring point on the substrate through an image collecting device, and feeding the position information back to a data processing device;
and step 3: the data processing device analyzes data, judges whether the substrate is parallel to the working platform or not, and feeds back an adjusting signal to the leveling unit if the substrate is not parallel to the working platform;
and 4, step 4: the leveling unit moves, and the substrate is parallel to the working plane;
and 5: moving the powder spreading device to the center of the substrate, measuring the distance from the working platform to the sensor through a laser ranging sensor, and feeding data back to the data processing device;
step 6: the data processing device analyzes and calculates the data, the adjusting signal is fed back to the pose adjusting motor, the pose adjusting motor drives the screw rod nut pair to drive the powder spreading device to be finely adjusted, and accurate leveling is achieved.
Further, the laser ranging sensor is always vertically downward and faces the working platform;
furthermore, the substrate is provided with at least 8 measuring points, and the measuring points do not influence the normal printing work of the workpiece;
further, the parallelism error between the doctor blade and the substrate was ± 0.05 mm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can detect the subtle difference between the substrate and the working platform of the 3D printing equipment and adjust the substrate to be in a parallel state.
2. The image acquisition device and the data processing device can accurately acquire and analyze position information, and the leveling precision of the formed part lifting device is improved.
3. The invention adopts the high-precision laser ranging sensor, has high measurement precision and effectively increases the leveling precision of the powder paving device.
4. The leveling process of the system is automatically carried out, a large amount of time is saved, the leveling precision is guaranteed, fine errors caused by the reasons of scraper blocking, substrate processing, manual substrate loading and unloading and the like can be eliminated, and the system is more efficient and more intelligent.
5. The invention adopts a three-point leveling principle, one point is fixed, two points are adjusted, the leveling effect of the base plate is comprehensively ensured, and the leveling process is more stable.
6. Adopt the mode of hold-in range + lead screw in the powder mechanism of spreading, the longitudinal movement of accurate control powder mechanism of spreading makes scraper leveling process more accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an assembly diagram of a 3D printing apparatus to which the leveling system and method of the present invention are applied;
FIG. 2 is a view of the working chamber assembly;
FIG. 3 is a general assembly diagram of the powder laying mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a tool holder assembly view;
FIG. 5 is a view of the pose adjusting unit assembly;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the measurement point positions of the substrate;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the assembly of the leveling unit of the formed part lifting device;
FIG. 8 is a leveling process control logic diagram.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a 3D printing equipment leveling system based on image recognition and laser ranging. The powder spreading device comprises a rolling lead screw and a servo motor, a laser ranging sensor is arranged in the powder spreading device, a lifting movement unit and a driving motor for leveling are arranged at the lower part of the forming part lifting device, a plurality of measuring points are processed on the base plate, the image acquisition device is positioned at the top of the working cavity, and the data information of the measuring points of the base plate is acquired in real time. The leveling system of the 3D printing equipment comprehensively evaluates the parallel degree between the scraper and the working platform respectively by utilizing the image recognition and laser ranging technology, obtains the slight error between the base plate, the scraper and the working platform through multi-point data acquisition and calculation, laser ranging and analysis on the base plate, and timely adjusts by utilizing the lifting motion unit and the rolling screw, thereby ensuring the parallel relation between the base plate and the scraper, effectively eliminating the slight error caused by the reasons of blockage of the scraper, processing of the base plate, loading and unloading of the base plate by workers and the like, and realizing automatic leveling. The method also comprises a full-automatic leveling method.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: a leveling system and a leveling method for 3D printing equipment comprise a working cavity 1, a powder spreading device 2, a formed part lifting device 3, an image acquisition device 4 and a data processing device.
As shown in fig. 2, the working chamber 1 includes a working platform 1.4, a working chamber top plate 1.1, a working chamber left upright plate 1.2, a working chamber right upright plate 1.6, a working chamber front upright plate 1.5, and a working chamber rear upright plate 1.3.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, and 5, the powder spreading device includes a tool post 2.1, a pose adjusting unit 2.2, a driving guide rail 2.3, a speed reducer 2.4, a transfer shaft 2.5, and a driving motor 2.6. The knife rest 2.1 comprises a knife rest upper main body 2.1.1, a knife rest lower main body 2.1.2, a scraper 2.1.3, a scraper pressure plate 2.1.4 and a laser ranging sensor 2.1.5. The upper tool holder body 2.1.1 and the lower tool holder body 2.1.2 are fixed by bolts. The scraper 2.1.3 and the scraper pressure plate 2.1.4 are fixed on the lower main body 2.1.2 of the knife rest. The laser ranging sensor 2.1.5 is fixed in the tool rest 2.1, and can measure the distance between the working platform 1.4 and the sensor 2.1.5 in real time. The pose adjusting unit 2.2 comprises a pose adjusting motor 2.2.1, a motor fixing seat 2.2.2, an upper supporting seat 2.2.8, a lower supporting seat 2.2.4, a screw nut pair 2.2.7, a bearing 2.2.5, a synchronous belt pulley 2.2.6 and a synchronous belt 2.2.3. The pose adjusting motor 2.2.1 is fixed on the motor fixing seat 2.2.2. The upper support seat 2.2.8 and the lower support seat 2.2.4 are fixed through bolts. The screw-nut pair 2.2.7 is fixed between the upper support base 2.2.8 and the lower support base 2.2.4 through a bearing 2.2.5. The synchronous belt wheels 2.2.6 are respectively fixed on the screw nut pair 2.2.7 nuts and the pose adjusting motor 2.2.1. The timing belt 2.2.3 is connected to a timing pulley 2.2.6. The drive rail 2.3 is fixed inside the working chamber ceiling 1.1. The speed reducer 2.4 is connected with the driving guide rail 2.3 through a transfer shaft 2.5. The drive motor 2.6 is fixed on the speed reducer 2.4.
As shown in fig. 1, 6 and 7, the formed part lifting device comprises a cylinder 3.1, a base plate 3.2, a universal adjusting bearing 3.3, a jacking support plate 3.4, a leveling unit 3.5 and a lifting unit 3.6. The base plate 3.2 is supported on 3 universal adjustment bearings 3.3. 1 of the universal adjusting bearings 3.3 is fixed on the jacking supporting plate 3.4, and the other 2 are fixed on the leveling unit 3.5. The leveling unit 3.5 is fixed below the jacking support plate 3.4 and comprises a leveling lifting movement electric cylinder 3.5.1 and a leveling motor 3.5.2. The lifting unit 3.6 comprises a jacking lifting electric cylinder 3.6.2 and a lifting motor 3.6.1, is fixed on the cylinder body 3.1, and is connected with the jacking supporting plate 3.4 through a nut.
As shown in fig. 1, the image capturing device 4 is fixed on the working chamber ceiling 1.1, and includes a camera 4.1 and a camera mounting support 4.2. The camera 4.1 is fixed on the camera mounting support 4.2. The camera mounting support 4.2 is fixed on the working cavity top plate 1.1.
The data processing device comprises a transmission cable, an industrial personal computer and a neural network program. And (4) independently researching and developing a neural network program, feeding back related data to the neural network system through multiple times of manual measurement, and obtaining a judgment standard that the substrate is parallel to the working platform.
As shown in fig. 8, the automatic leveling method of the 3D printing apparatus leveling system specifically includes the following steps:
step 1: lifting the base plate 3.1 to a position approximately coincident with the working platform 1.4;
step 2: the position information of the measuring point on the substrate 3.1 is collected through the image collecting device 4 and fed back to the data processing device;
and step 3: the data processing device carries out data analysis and feeds back the adjusting signal to the leveling unit 3.5;
and 4, step 4: the leveling unit 3.5 moves, and the base plate 3.1 is parallel to the working plane 1.4;
and 5: the powder spreading device 2 is moved to the center of the base plate 3.1, the distance from the working platform 1.4 to the sensor 2.1.5 is measured through the laser ranging sensor 2.1.5, and data are fed back to the data processing device.
Step 6: the data processing device analyzes and calculates the data, the adjusting signal is fed back to the pose adjusting motor 2.2.1, the pose adjusting motor 2.2.1 drives the screw nut pair 2.2.7 to drive the powder spreading device 2 to carry out fine adjustment, and accurate leveling is realized.
Accordingly, the invention discloses a 3D printing equipment leveling system based on image recognition and laser ranging, which comprises a working cavity, a powder spreading device, a formed part lifting device, an image acquisition device and a data processing device. Spread the powder device and contain ball and servo motor, and inside laser ranging sensor that is equipped with, the part elevating gear lower part that takes shape is equipped with the elevating movement unit and the driving motor that are used for the leveling, and has processed the several measuring point on the base plate, image acquisition device is located the working chamber top, and gathers base plate measuring point data information in real time. The leveling system of the 3D printing equipment comprehensively evaluates the parallel degree between the scraper and the working platform respectively by utilizing the image recognition and laser ranging technology, obtains the slight error between the base plate, the scraper and the working platform through multi-point data acquisition and calculation, laser ranging and analysis on the base plate, and timely adjusts by utilizing the lifting motion unit and the rolling screw, thereby ensuring the parallel relation between the base plate and the scraper, effectively eliminating the slight error caused by the reasons of blockage of the scraper, processing of the base plate, loading and unloading of the base plate by workers and the like, and realizing automatic leveling. The method also comprises a full-automatic leveling method.
While the present invention has been described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A3D printing device leveling system, comprising:
the working cavity comprises a working platform, a working cavity top plate, a working cavity left vertical plate, a working cavity right vertical plate, a working cavity front vertical plate and a working cavity rear vertical plate;
the powder spreading device comprises a tool rest, a pose adjusting unit, a driving guide rail, a speed reducer, a transfer shaft and a driving motor;
the forming part lifting device comprises a cylinder body, a base plate, a universal adjusting bearing, a jacking supporting plate, a leveling unit and a lifting unit;
and an image acquisition unit and a data processing unit.
2. The 3D printing device leveling system of claim 1, wherein the blade holder comprises a blade holder upper body, a blade holder lower body, a doctor blade platen, a laser ranging sensor.
3. The 3D printing device leveling system of claim 2, wherein the upper and lower blade holder bodies are secured by bolts, and the doctor blade and doctor blade platen are secured to the lower blade holder body; the laser ranging sensor is fixed in the tool rest and can measure the distance between the working platform and the sensor in real time.
4. The 3D printing device leveling system according to claim 1, wherein the pose adjusting unit comprises a pose adjusting motor, a motor fixing seat, an upper supporting seat, a lower supporting seat, a lead screw nut pair, a bearing, a synchronous pulley and a synchronous belt.
5. The 3D printing apparatus leveling system according to claim 1, wherein the leveling unit is fixed below a jacking support plate and includes a leveling lifting movement cylinder and a leveling motor.
6. The 3D printing apparatus leveling system according to claim 1, wherein the lifting unit comprises a jacking lifting electric cylinder and a lifting motor, is fixed on the cylinder body, and is connected with the jacking supporting plate through a nut.
7. The 3D printing apparatus leveling system of claim 1, wherein the image capture unit is secured to a working chamber ceiling and comprises a camera and a camera mounting support.
8. The 3D printing device leveling system of claim 1, wherein the data processing unit comprises a transmission cable, an industrial personal computer, and a trained neural network module.
9. The 3D printing device leveling system of claim 8, wherein the training process of the neural network module comprises:
manually measuring the distance between the substrate and the working platform, and forming a corresponding relation with the data obtained by the data acquisition unit;
and after repeated tests, an intelligent judgment program is formed, the movement distance of the leveling unit can be automatically decided, and whether the base plate is parallel to the working platform or not can be automatically judged.
10. An auto-leveling method for a 3D printing device leveling system according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
step 1: lifting the substrate to a position approximately coincident with the working platform;
step 2: the position information of the measuring point on the substrate is collected through the image collecting unit and fed back to the data processing unit;
and step 3: the data processing unit carries out data analysis, judges whether the substrate is parallel to the working platform or not, and feeds back an adjusting signal to the leveling unit if the substrate is not parallel to the working platform;
and 4, step 4: the leveling unit moves, and the substrate is parallel to the working plane;
and 5: moving the powder spreading device to the center of the substrate, measuring the distance from the working platform to the sensor through a laser ranging sensor, and feeding data back to the data processing unit;
step 6: the data processing unit analyzes and calculates the data, the adjusting signal is fed back to the pose adjusting motor, the pose adjusting motor drives the screw rod nut pair to drive the powder spreading device to be finely adjusted, and accurate leveling is achieved.
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| CN115256950B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-02-28 | 西安知象光电科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional copying device and working method thereof |
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