CN112844817B - Efficient high-quality beneficiation method combining gravity separation and screening by using spiral beneficiation equipment - Google Patents
Efficient high-quality beneficiation method combining gravity separation and screening by using spiral beneficiation equipment Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/48—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by mechanical classifiers
- B03B5/52—Spiral classifiers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
- B03B5/626—Helical separators
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Abstract
A high-efficiency high-quality mineral separation method using spiral mineral separation equipment to perform gravity separation and screening combination belongs to the technical field of mineral separation. The discharge end of the mineral processing equipment is equally divided into a plurality of strands, ore pulp is firstly separated once, if the ore pulp strands close to the inner edge of the chute reach the separation standard, the ore pulp strands are led out without screening during production, and if the ore pulp strands do not reach the separation standard, the ore pulp strands are reserved. Every continuous M strands of the ore pulp strands to be screened from inside to outside are combined into one group, each group of ore pulp is screened by using one production screen, and if the production screen of the 1 st group is T meshes, the subsequent groups are sequentially increased by F meshes. And respectively merging the screened and unscreened materials of the ore pulp groups which do not reach the separation standard through detection, sending the ore pulp groups into ore dressing equipment again for separation by using the method, and merging the materials of the groups which reach the separation standard according to the screening and unscreened processes to obtain separation results. The parameters M, T, F are determined by experiment and calculation. The method can obviously improve the efficiency and the quality of separation by using spiral ore dressing equipment and enlarge the application range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mineral separation.
Background
Spiral chutes and spiral concentrators are commonly referred to as spiral concentration equipment. Patent No. ZL201710313231.1 entitled "a multiple-layering, belt-screening gravity separation method" is prior art, and it is necessary to grind the mineral into 80% -90% mineral material with a grain size not greater than 0.074mm (not less than 200 meshes, equivalently), divide the discharge of gravity separation equipment into multiple strands, and then to screen each strand separately, and the mesh spacing of each strand of the material sorted from heavy to light must be 25 meshes fixed. The method is used for separating and sorting minerals, and the efficiency, the quality and the adaptability to the mineral species need to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-efficiency and high-quality beneficiation method for carrying out gravity separation and screening combination by using spiral beneficiation equipment
The method of the invention comprises the following steps:
1. the discharge end of the spiral concentrator or the spiral chute with the discharge pipe closed is equally divided into a plurality of strands, and the width of each strand is 1.25-5.0% of the width of the discharge end. It is preferable to use a spiral ore dressing equipment with a diameter not less than 60 cm and a spiral groove with 6-21 turns.
The mineral material to be separated is ground to fine particles with a sieve mesh number N. The method of determining the value of N for each particular mineral material is known to those skilled in the art. The concentration of the ore pulp is preferably 6-12% by volume of solid and liquid.
2. When the method is used for production and separation, the minerals are composed of A and B, A, B can be one or more minerals respectively, and a certain content of A and/or B in the separated material is determined as a separation standard according to the condition of raw ores and the requirements of subsequent processing. The determination of the separation criteria is within the skill of the art. Firstly, carrying out primary separation on ore pulp by using spiral ore dressing equipment, detecting each strand of ore pulp in a butt joint trough, if one or more strands of ore pulp close to the inner edge of a chute reach a separation standard, leading out the several strands of ore pulp as separation results for non-screening in subsequent production, and if the ore pulp does not reach the separation standard, keeping the ore pulp strands; the ore pulp strands which need to be screened and do not reach the separation standard are combined into one group from every continuous M strands from the inner edge of the chute to the outside, and a 1 st group, a 2 nd group, a 3 rd group and … are obtained, but the number of the ore pulp strands combined in the last group can be equal to or less than M; screening each group of ore pulp by using a production sieve, wherein if the production sieve of the 1 st group is T meshes, the production sieve of the 2 nd group is T + F meshes, the production sieve of the 3 rd group is T +2F meshes, the production sieve of the 4 th group is T +3F meshes, and the like; and after screening each group of ore pulp, detecting the screened and unscreened materials again, respectively combining the screened and unscreened materials of the ore pulp groups which do not reach the separation standard, feeding the ore pulp groups into spiral ore dressing equipment again for separation by using the method disclosed by the invention, and respectively combining the screened and unscreened materials of each group which reach the separation standard to obtain separation results.
3. The corresponding combined strand number M of each group of ore pulp is used for screening the mesh number T of the first group of ore pulp during production, and the mesh number F increased by each production screen is determined by tests and calculation, and the method comprises the following steps:
a series of test sieves are prepared in advance, the first grade is 30 meshes, then the mesh number of each grade of test sieve is increased by 1 mesh in sequence, the next grade, namely the second grade test sieve, is 31 meshes, the third grade test sieve is 32 meshes, … … meshes, and the last grade is 1000 meshes.
The ore pulp is continuously sent to a feeding end of spiral ore dressing equipment with the same specification as that used in production for separation, each group of ore pulp obtained at a discharging end is detected, if 1 strand or a plurality of strands of ore pulp close to the inner edge of the chute meet the separation standard, the ore pulp strands are not used, and if the separation standard is not met, the ore pulp strands are still used. And then, the 1 st pass number of the ore pulp strands still to be used is N +1 of the test sieves counted from the inner edge of the chute. If the material obtained after screening does not meet the separation standard, the method cannot be used, if the separation standard can be met, the ore pulp strand is sequentially filtered by a plurality of test sieves of next stage, next stage and … …, and when the material screened by the test sieve with the certain mesh number D does not meet the separation standard, the parameter R is D- (N +1),
the increasing mesh number F of each production sieve is as follows:
when R is 10-30, F is 100% R;
when R is 31-50, F is (90% -100%) R rounded integers;
when R is 51-70, F is an integer rounded off from the value obtained by R (60% -100%);
when R is 71-90, F is (50% -100%) R rounded integers;
when R is 91-110, F is an integer rounded off from R (40% -100%);
when R is more than or equal to 111, F is (35% -100%) R, and the obtained value is rounded integer;
the mesh number T of the first group of ore pulp is N + F
And then, combining the 1 st ore pulp with the sieve mesh number of T from the inner edge of the ore pulp strand still needing to be used, if the material screened by the test sieve reaches the separation standard, combining the 1 st ore pulp with the 2 nd ore pulp with the inner edge of the chute, and then sieving the sieve with the sieve mesh number of T, … …, until the material screened by the test sieve does not reach the separation standard, and subtracting 1 from the combined strand number of the sieve to obtain the combined strand number M in production.
The pulp flow rate during production must be the same as that for determining M, T and F.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the essential characteristic of mechanism that the mineral separation of the gravity separation and screening combination is carried out by fully utilizing the influence results of various characteristics of the mineral such as crystal system, crystal type, crystal form, density, ductility, hardness, brittleness, cleavage, dissociation shape, fracture shape, granularity and the like on the sedimentation speed. The discharge end of the spiral ore dressing equipment is equally divided into a plurality of strands, the ore pulp is reselected after various parameters are determined according to the method, and the ore pulp strands are merged, grouped and screened, so that the ore pulp strands which reach the separation standard can be accurately connected, the number of the corresponding merged strands of the ore pulp strands which do not reach the separation standard and the screening mesh number of each group of ore pulp are accurately determined, and the high-efficiency and high-quality ore dressing is realized. In addition, the spiral channel turns of the spiral concentrating device are more than the conventional turns, so that the different particles of the ore pulp can obtain enough free settling time when flowing through the spiral concentrating machine or the spiral chute. Compared with the conventional method, the invention reduces the concentration of the ore pulp, reduces the viscosity among mineral particles, ensures that different particles in the ore pulp obtain enough free settling space when flowing through a spiral concentrator or a spiral chute, realizes laminar flow of the mineral particles in a wider range of the chute surface, and reduces a turbulent flow area close to the outer edge, thereby orderly arranging the mineral particles at the discharge end of the spiral concentrator according to the difference of numerical values of the density and the surface area of the different mineral particles.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of obviously improving the separation efficiency and quality by using spiral ore dressing equipment and expanding the application range. The invention provides an unprecedented new method for separating minerals.
Detailed Description
The contents described in the following examples are, unless otherwise specified, all by weight.
Example 1
The mineral to be separated is laterite type weathered shell nickel ore, contains 1.2% of nickel and 15% of iron. The ore mainly comprises nickel-containing limonite minerals and olivine minerals, wherein the percentage of the olivine minerals is 60%. The nickel-containing limonite consists of goethite in the form of thin plates and scales and amorphous iron oxide. The hardness of the nickel-containing limonite is 1 to 4.3, and the density is 3.0 to 4.0g/cm3. The olivine mineral has hardness of 6.5-7 and density of 3.2-4.4g/cm3。
The separation requirement of this example 1 is to separate the olivine minerals from the nickel containing limonite material. The separation standard is realized when the ratio of the nickel-containing limonite minerals or the ratio of the olivine minerals in the obtained material is more than 90%.
A spiral chute with a diameter of 60 cm and a spiral groove with the number of turns of 8 is used. The material cutter and the material receiving groove which fasten the discharge end of the spiral chute are equally divided into 20 strands with the width of 1.4 cm, and the width of each strand is 5 percent of the width of the discharge end.
Grinding the mineral aggregate to be separated into fine particles with the sieve mesh number of 150 to prepare ore pulp with the solid-liquid volume percentage of 10%.
The pulp was continuously fed into the feed port of the spiral concentrator at a rate of 0.75L/s for separation. Tests have shown that the amount of olivine minerals in the 6 flows of slurry in the take-up chute close to the inner edge of the chute is greater than 90%, and that the 6 flows are not subsequently used to achieve the separation criteria. The ore pulp of 1 strand (7 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute in the receiving chute) next to the receiving chute is filtered by a test sieve with 150+ 1-151 meshes, the amount of nickel-containing limonite in the fine particles which do not pass through the sieve is more than 90%, the ore pulp is filtered by a test sieve with 152 meshes, the amount of nickel-containing limonite in the fine particles which do not pass through the sieve is still more than 90%, and the ore pulp is filtered by a test sieve with 153 meshes, … …. when the test sieve with D-265 meshes is used, the amount of nickel-containing limonite in the fine particles on the sieve surface is not more than 90%, and R-D- (N +1) 265- (150+1) 114.
The mesh number F, which is increased from each production screen, is taken as 114x 50% ═ 57.
Taking the mesh number T of the first group of ore pulp screened in production as 150+57 as 207.
At the moment, the 1 st ore pulp (namely the 7 th ore pulp at the discharging end) required to be used in the receiving groove passes through a test sieve with the mesh number of 207, the obtained materials are found to reach the separation standard, the 7 th ore pulp and the 8 th ore pulp counted from the inner edge of the chute outwards in the receiving groove are combined, the 7 th ore pulp, the 8 th ore pulp and the 9 th ore pulp counted from the inner edge of the chute outwards in the receiving groove are combined, the test sieve with the mesh number of 207 is further passed, the obtained materials are found to be incapable of reaching the separation standard, and therefore the number of combined strands of each group of ore pulp during production is determined to be M3-1-2.
During production, the flow rate of the ore pulp is 0.75L/s. After the ore pulp is separated by the spiral ore dressing equipment for the first time, after each strand of ore pulp in the receiving chute is detected, the amount of olivine minerals in 6 strands close to the innermost edge of the chute in the ore pulp in the receiving chute is larger than 90 percent, and the 6 strands of ore pulp which realize the separation standard are led out and discarded in the subsequent production process. And combining 2 ore pulps in each continuous ore pulp strand into one group in the rest ore pulp strands, and sequentially marking as a group 1, a group 2, a group 3, a group 4, … and a group 7. Group 1 is screened with 207 mesh, and then the mesh number of each group of pulp screening is increased by 57. After the ore pulp of each group is sieved, the detection shows that the content of nickel-containing limonite minerals in the solids on all the screen surfaces of 1-6 groups is more than 90 percent, so the solids on the screen surfaces are combined to be used as concentrate; and (4) finding that the last group does not meet the separation standard, respectively leading out the sieved materials and the unscreened materials, and respectively sending the materials into spiral ore dressing equipment for separation by using the method.
After the separation in this example 1, the nickel content in the obtained concentrate was 2.65% and the iron content was 33.1%. As a scientific research and experiment, the same laterite type weathering nickel ore is sorted by the prior art method described in the patent No. ZL201710313231.1, and the mesh spacing of screening is 25 meshes according to each strand of materials which are sequentially sorted from heavy to light. The comparison result shows that even if the concentrate is sieved three times according to the prior art, the nickel content in the obtained concentrate is not more than 1.9 percent, and the iron content is not more than 23.75 percent. .
Example 2
The mineral to be separated is an intermediate raw material for producing chemical barite in a certain factory. The grinding granularity is 170 meshes. The separated sphalerite in the ground minerals accounts for 13.5%, the barite mineral accounts for 5.5%, and the barite mineral accounts for 81%. The barite mineral has a hardness of 3.0-3.5 and a density of 4.3-4.5g/cm3Orthorhombic, with crystal forms in plate and granule form. The density of the zinc blende is 3.9-4.2g/cm3Hardness 3.0-4.5, equiaxial system, hexagonal tetrahedron crystal, and granular crystal form. The barite mineral contains 54.15% of barium oxide and 44.13% of silicon dioxide. The hardness of the silicon barium stone is 5.5, and the density is 3.7g/cm3Orthorhombic, crystal forms are plate-like and plate-like.
The separation requirement of this example 2 is to separate barite from sphalerite and barite minerals. The separation criterion is reached when the amount of barite in the resultant is greater than 95%.
A spiral chute with a diameter of 120 cm and a spiral groove with the number of turns of 19 was used. The material cutter and the material receiving groove which fasten the discharge end of the spiral chute are equally divided into 80 strands with the width of 0.7 cm, and each strand is 1.25 percent of the width of the discharge end.
The material is made into slurry with the solid-liquid volume percentage of 7 percent.
The slurry was continuously fed into the feed port of the spiral concentrator at a rate of 1.2L/s for separation. Tests have shown that the total amount of barite mineral in the 7 streams of slurry in the catcher tank near the inner edge of the chute is greater than 95% and that the 7 streams of slurry are not subsequently used. The 1 st strand (namely the 8 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute outwards in the receiving groove) which is next to the test sieve with the mesh number 171 is subjected to more than 95% of barite ore, the pulp is subjected to 172 test sieve, the amount of barite ore which is subjected to the sieve is still more than 95%, and the pulp is subjected to 173 test sieve … …, when the test sieve with the mesh number D of 194 is used, the obtained material cannot reach the separation standard, so that R is D- (N +1) 194- (170+1) 23.
The mesh number F of each production sieve, which is increased by 100% x23, is 23.
The mesh number T of the first group of ore pulp is 170+ 23-193 during production.
The sieve with 193 meshes is screened from the 1 st strand counted from the inner edge (namely, the 8 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute to the outside in the receiving groove) in the ore pulp strands required to be used in the discharging end of the chute, and the obtained materials can reach the separation standard, therefore, the 1 st strand and the 2 nd strand (namely the 8 th strand and the 9 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute in the receiving groove) of the ore pulp strands needed to be used in the discharging end of the chute are combined, and then the sieve with 193 meshes is sieved, and the obtained materials reach the separation standard, therefore, the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd ore pulp strands counted from the inner edge in the ore pulp strand required to be used in the discharging end of the chute (namely, the 8 th, 9 th and 10 th ore pulp strands counted from the inner edge of the chute in the receiving groove) are combined, and then a sieve with the mesh number of 193 is sieved, at the moment, the obtained materials cannot reach the separation standard, and the combined strand number M is 3-1-2 during production.
Production, as mentioned above, the separation requirement is to separate the barite from the sphalerite and the barite minerals. The separation criterion is achieved when the amount of barite in the resultant is greater than 98%.
The flow rate of the ore pulp is 1.2L/s. After the ore pulp is separated by the spiral ore dressing equipment for the first time, after each strand of ore pulp in the receiving chute is detected, 7 strands of ore pulp in the receiving chute, which are close to the innermost edge of the chute, find that the obtained materials reach the separation standard, so that the 7 strands are led out in the subsequent production process and are not screened. In the rest ore pulps, 2 continuous ore pulps are combined into one group, which is sequentially marked as 1 st group, 2 nd group, 3 rd group, … th group, 36 th group and the last 1 st group, wherein the total number of the groups is 37. Group 1 is screened with 193 mesh, and the mesh number of each group of pulp screening is increased by 23. After screening of all groups of ore pulp, the screened and unscreened materials are detected again, and the results show that the amount of barite of the materials screened by the 1 st to 37 th groups is more than 95%, so that the screened materials of the 37 groups are combined to obtain barite concentrate.
After the sorting in the embodiment 2, the yield of the obtained concentrate is 70 percent; the separation of the same mineral, by the method described in patent ZL201710313231.1, gives a concentrate of the same grade with a yield not greater than 30% even after several screenings.
Example 3
The mineral to be separated is sulfur-oxygen mixed lead-zinc ore, and the non-metal ore is limestone, quartz stone, dolomite, calcite, gypsum, kaolin and the like. The content of metal minerals in the mineral to be separated was 40%. The content of the non-metallic ore is 60%. The metal minerals in the mineral to be separated are mainly: galena, plumbite, sphalerite, calamine, hydrozincite, calamine, pyrite, iron oxide ore.
The separation requirement of this example 3 is to separate non-metallic ores from raw ores. The separation criterion is achieved when the amount of metal ore in the resultant is greater than 90%.
A spiral chute with a diameter of 200 cm and a spiral groove with 16 turns was used. The material cutting device and the material receiving groove which are fastened at the discharge end of the spiral chute are equally divided into 40 strands with the width of 2.3 cm, and the width of each strand is 2.5 percent of the width of the discharge end.
Grinding the mineral aggregate to be separated into fine particles with the sieving mesh number of 120 to prepare ore pulp with the solid-liquid volume percentage of 10 percent.
The slurry was continuously fed into the feed port of the spiral concentrator at a rate of 19L/s for separation. Tests have shown that the total amount of metal minerals in the 3 streams of pulp in the catcher tank near the inner edge of the chute is greater than 90% and that these 3 streams of pulp are subsequently not used. The next 1 st strand (i.e. the 4 th strand from the inner edge of the chute in the receiving trough) is screened with 121 mesh, the amount of the metal mineral passing through the screen is more than 90%, then the pulp is screened with 122 mesh, the amount of the metal mineral passing through the screen is still more than 90%, then the pulp is screened with 123 mesh, … …, when the test screen with 176 mesh is used, the total amount of the non-metal mineral in the fine particles which do not pass through the screen is not more than 90%, so that R is D- (N +1) 176- (120+1) 55.
The increasing mesh number F of each production screen is 100% x55 is 55.
The mesh number T of the first group of ore pulp is 120+ 55-175 during production.
Screening 175-mesh sieves from the 1 st strand counted from the inner edge of the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute (namely, the 4 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute to the outside in the receiving groove), and finding that the obtained materials can reach the separation standard, so that the 1 st strand counted from the inner edge of the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute and the 2 nd strand (namely, the 4 th strand and the 5 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute to the outside in the receiving groove) are combined and then screened 175-mesh sieves are found to still reach the separation standard, so that the 1 st strand, the 2 nd strand and the 3 rd strand counted from the inner edge of the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute (namely, the 4 th strand, 5 th strand and 6 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute to the outside in the receiving groove) are combined and then screened 175-mesh sieves are found to still reach the separation standard, thereby the 1 st strand counted from the inner edge of the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute, Combining the 2 nd, 3 rd and 4 th strands (namely the 4 th, 5 th, 6 th and 7 th strands counted from the inner edge of the chute in the receiving groove outwards), and sieving the material with the mesh number of 175, wherein the obtained material is found to be incapable of meeting the separation standard, so that the combined strand number M is 4-1-3 during production.
Production as described above, the separation requirement of this example 3 is to separate the non-metallic ore from the raw ore. The separation criterion is achieved when the amount of metal minerals in the resultant is greater than 90%.
The flow rate of the slurry is 19L/s. After the ore pulp is separated by the spiral ore dressing equipment for the first time, after each strand of ore pulp in the receiving chute is detected, the total amount of metal minerals in 3 strands close to the innermost edge of the chute in the ore pulp in the receiving chute is more than 90 percent, so that the 3 strands are led out as ore concentrate in the subsequent production process and are not screened. In the rest ore pulps, each continuous 3 strands of ore pulps are combined into one group, which is sequentially marked as 1 st group, 2 nd group, 3 rd group, … th group, 12 th group and the last 1 st group, wherein 13 groups are formed. The 1 st group is screened by 175 meshes, and then the mesh number of each group of ore pulp screening is increased by 55. After screening each group of ore pulp, detecting the screened and unscreened materials again, respectively connecting and combining the materials meeting the separation standard, and selecting the materials which do not meet the requirements again by using the method until the materials meet the requirements.
After the separation in the embodiment 3, under the condition of the same total metal recovery rate, the concentrate grade is more than 2 times of that of the method described in the patent No. ZL 201710313231.1.
Example 4
The mineral to be separated is coal gangue and consists of coal mineral, diaspore, kaolin, hydromica, pyrite, chalcopyrite, marcasite and the like, wherein the coal mineral accounts for 8 percent.
The separation requirement of this example 4 is to separate coal minerals from raw ore. The separation criterion is achieved when the amount of coal minerals in the resulting material is less than 0.2% or greater than 99.8%.
A spiral chute with a diameter of 200 cm and a spiral groove with 10 turns was used. The material cutter and the material receiving groove which fasten the discharge end of the spiral chute are equally divided into 20 strands with the width of 4.7 cm, and the width of each strand is 5 percent of the width of the discharge end.
Grinding the mineral aggregate to be separated into fine particles with the sieve mesh number of 35 to prepare ore pulp with the solid-liquid volume percentage of 7%.
The slurry was continuously fed into the feed port of the spiral concentrator at a rate of 12L/s for separation. The detection shows that the amount of the coal mineral in 12 strands of the mineral slurry close to the inner edge of the chute in the receiving groove is less than 0.2 percent, and then the 12 strands of the mineral slurry are not used. And (3) screening the 1 st strand (namely the 13 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute outwards in the receiving groove) with the screening number of 36 to obtain the material which reaches the separation standard, screening the ore pulp with the screening number of 37 to obtain the material which still reaches the separation standard, screening the ore pulp with the screening number of 38 to obtain … …, and finding that the screened material does not reach the separation standard when the screening with the screening number of 126 is used, so that R is D- (N +1) is 126- (35+1) is 90.
The mesh number F of each production sieve was 80% x90 72.
The mesh number T of the first group of ore pulp is 35+72 and 107 during production.
Sieving 107 mesh sieve from the 1 st strand (i.e. the 13 th strand counted from the inner edge of the chute outward in the receiving trough) of the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute, finding that the amount of the coal mineral in the fine particles passing through the sieve is less than 0.2%, thus combining the 1 st and 2 nd strands (i.e. the 13 th and 14 th strands counted from the inner edge of the chute outward in the receiving trough) of the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute, sieving 107 mesh sieve, finding that the material obtained by sieving reaches the separation standard, thus combining the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd strands (i.e. the 13 th, 14 th and 15 th strands counted from the inner edge of the chute outward in the receiving trough) of the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute, sieving 107 mesh sieve, finding that the material obtained by sieving still reaches the separation standard, thus combining the 1 st, 14 th and 15 th strands counted from the inner edge of the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute outward in the ore pulp strand to be used in the discharge end of the chute, Combining the 2 nd, 3 rd and 4 th strands (namely 13 th, 14 th, 15 th and 16 th strands counted from the inner edge of the chute in the receiving groove), and then screening the sieve with the mesh number of 107 to find that the screened materials still reach the separation standard, so that the 1 st, 2 nd, 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th strands (namely 13 th, 14 th, 15 th, 16 th and 17 th strands counted from the inner edge of the chute in the ore pulp strand required to be used in the discharging end of the chute) in the ore pulp strand to be used are combined, and when the screened materials are found not to reach the separation standard, the combined strand number M is 5-1-4 during production.
Production, as mentioned above, the separation requirement of this example 4 is to separate coal minerals from raw ore, and the separation criterion is achieved when the amount of coal minerals in the obtained material is less than 0.2% or more than 99.8%.
The flow rate of the ore pulp is 12L/s. After the ore pulp is separated by the spiral ore dressing equipment for the first time, after each strand of ore pulp in the receiving chute is detected, the amount of the coal-in-12 strands close to the innermost edge of the chute in the ore pulp in the receiving chute is less than 0.2 percent, so that the 12 strands are led out in the subsequent production process and are not screened as concentrate. And combining 4 continuous ore pulps in the rest ore pulps into one group, and sequentially marking as a group 1 and a group 2. Group 1 was screened with 107 mesh and group 2 was screened with 107+72 ═ 179 mesh. After screening, the 2 groups of ore pulp are detected to reach the separation standard.
When the same minerals were separated by the method described in patent No. ZL201710313231.1, the cost was 2 times or more as high as that of the present example, and the coal minerals separated were too fine, which made the subsequent treatment difficult.
Claims (6)
1. A high-efficiency high-quality beneficiation method for carrying out gravity separation and screening combination by using spiral beneficiation equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) equally dividing the discharge end of the spiral concentrator or the spiral chute with the discharge pipe closed into a plurality of strands, wherein the width of each strand is 1.25-5.0% of the width of the discharge end;
grinding the mineral aggregate to be separated into fine particles with a sieve mesh number N;
(2) when production and separation are carried out, the minerals are composed of A and B, A, B can be one or more minerals respectively, and a certain content of A and/or B in the separated material is determined as a separation standard according to the condition of raw ores and the requirement of subsequent processing;
firstly, ore pulp is separated once by using spiral ore dressing equipment, each strand of ore pulp in a material groove is detected, if one or more strands of ore pulp close to the inner edge of the chute reach the separation standard, the subsequent production leads out the several strands of ore pulp as the separation result without screening, and if the separation standard is not reached, the ore pulp strands are reserved; the ore pulp strands which need to be screened and do not reach the separation standard are combined into one group from every continuous M strands from the inner edge of the chute to the outside, and a 1 st group, a 2 nd group, a 3 rd group and … are obtained, but the number of the ore pulp strands combined in the last group can be equal to or less than M; screening each group of ore pulp by using a production sieve, wherein if the production sieve of the 1 st group is T meshes, the production sieve of the 2 nd group is T + F meshes, the production sieve of the 3 rd group is T +2F meshes, the production sieve of the 4 th group is T +3F meshes, and the like; screening all groups of ore pulp, detecting screened and unscreened materials again, combining the screened and unscreened materials respectively for ore pulp groups which do not reach the separation standard, feeding the combined materials into spiral ore dressing equipment again for separation, and combining the screened and unscreened materials respectively for groups which reach the separation standard to obtain separation results;
(3) the corresponding combined strand number M of each group of ore pulp in production is used for screening the mesh number T of the first group of ore pulp, and the mesh number F increased by each production screen is determined by tests and calculation, and the method comprises the following steps:
preparing a series of test sieves in advance, taking 30 meshes as a first stage, then gradually increasing the mesh number of each stage of test sieves by 1 mesh, wherein the next stage, namely a second stage test sieve, is 31 meshes, the third stage test sieve is 32 meshes, … …, and the last stage is 1000 meshes;
continuously feeding ore pulp into a feeding end of spiral ore dressing equipment with the same specification as that used in production for separation, detecting each group of ore pulp obtained at a discharging end, if 1 strand or a plurality of strands of ore pulp close to the inner edge of a chute meet the separation standard, then not using the ore pulp strands, and if the separation standard is not met, then still using the ore pulp strands; then, the 1 st pass number of the test sieves with the number of N +1 counted from the inner edge of the chute in the ore pulp strand still needing to be used is not used if the screened materials do not meet the separation standard, and the ore pulp strand sequentially passes through a next stage of test sieves, a next stage of test sieves and … … if the screened materials can meet the separation standard; when the material screened by a test sieve with a certain mesh number D does not reach the separation standard, the parameter R is D- (N +1),
the increasing mesh number F of each production sieve is as follows:
when R is 10-30, F is 100% R;
when R is 31-50, F is (90% -100%) R rounded integers;
when R is 51-70, F is an integer rounded off from the value obtained by R (60% -100%);
when R is 71-90, F is (50% -100%) R rounded integers;
when R is 91-110, F is an integer rounded off from R (40% -100%);
when R is more than or equal to 111, F is (35% -100%) R, and the obtained value is rounded integer;
when in production, the mesh number T of the first group of ore pulp is N + F;
then, the 1 st ore pulp with the sieve mesh number of T counted from the inner edge in the ore pulp strands still needing to be used is combined with the 2 nd ore pulp counted from the inner edge of the chute if the material screened by the test sieve reaches the separation standard, and then the sieve with the sieve mesh number of T is sieved, … …, until the material screened by the test sieve does not reach the separation standard, the combined strand number of the sieve minus 1 is the combined strand number M in production;
the pulp flow during production is the same as that during determination of M, T and F.
2. The high-efficiency high-quality mineral processing method combining gravity separation and screening by using spiral mineral processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the spiral mineral processing equipment with the diameter not less than 60 cm and the number of turns of a spiral groove of 6-21 is used, and the concentration of ore pulp is 6% -12% of solid-liquid volume percentage.
3. The high-efficiency high-quality mineral processing method adopting the spiral mineral processing equipment for gravity separation and screening combination according to claim 1, characterized in that the minerals to be separated are laterite type weathered nickel ores.
4. A high efficiency high quality beneficiation process by gravity separation and screening combined with spiral beneficiation plants, as in claim 1, wherein the minerals to be separated are intermediate raw materials for the production of chemical barite.
5. A high efficiency high quality beneficiation process by gravity separation and screening combined with spiral beneficiation plants as in claim 1, wherein the minerals to be separated are sulfur and oxygen mixed lead zinc ores.
6. A high efficiency, high quality beneficiation process by gravity separation and screening combined with spiral beneficiation plants, as in claim 1, wherein the minerals to be separated are coal gangue.
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