CN112833777B - Measuring method and measuring system for actual measurement - Google Patents
Measuring method and measuring system for actual measurement Download PDFInfo
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- CN112833777B CN112833777B CN202011417828.9A CN202011417828A CN112833777B CN 112833777 B CN112833777 B CN 112833777B CN 202011417828 A CN202011417828 A CN 202011417828A CN 112833777 B CN112833777 B CN 112833777B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013523 data management Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring areas
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/30—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C1/00—Measuring angles
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a measuring method and a measuring system for actual measurement, wherein the measuring method comprises the following steps: scanning a target area by using a scanning device; generating a three-dimensional model of the target area according to the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning; comparing a preset position of a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model; and obtaining comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane. The measuring method and the measuring system for the actual measurement actual quantity can replace the traditional low-efficiency measuring method according to the main size measuring requirement required by the domestic actual measurement actual quantity standard, and meanwhile, the measuring project management and the data management are established, so that the overall working efficiency is further improved, and the informatization degree of the industry is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring method and a measuring system for actual measurement.
Background
The actual measurement refers to a method which uses a measuring tool to test, measure and truly reflect the quality data of a product on site. And according to the related quality acceptance standard, measuring and controlling engineering quality data errors to be in a range allowed by national housing construction standards.
The project development stage related to actual measurement mainly comprises a main body structure stage, a masonry stage, a plastering stage, a device installation stage and a finishing stage. The measuring range comprises a concrete structure, a masonry engineering, a plastering engineering, a waterproof engineering, a door and window engineering, a paint engineering, a finishing engineering and the like.
The existing actual measurement tool is low in service efficiency and single in function.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of low use efficiency and single function of the existing actual measurement tool in the prior art, provides a main dimension measurement requirement required by domestic actual measurement specifications, can replace a traditional low-efficiency measurement method, simultaneously establishes measurement project management and data management, further provides overall operation efficiency, and improves the informatization degree of industry.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
a measurement method for actually measuring a real quantity, characterized in that the measurement method comprises:
scanning a target area by using a scanning device;
generating a three-dimensional model of the target area according to the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning;
comparing a preset position of a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model;
and obtaining comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane.
Preferably, the target area is a wall surface, and the comparing the preset position of the guiding rule model with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model includes:
acquiring the size of the three-dimensional model;
acquiring the lower rule position and the lower rule angle on the three-dimensional model according to the size;
and cutting a section with the shape matched with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model by utilizing the lower rule position and the lower rule angle.
Preferably, the acquiring the comparison data of the three-dimensional model with respect to the guiding rule plane includes:
dividing the section into a plurality of sub-sections along the length direction of the guiding rule model;
obtaining the vertical distance between the center point of each sub-section and the plane of the guiding rule;
and acquiring the maximum value in the vertical distance as flatness data of the comparison data.
Preferably, the target area is a wall surface, and the comparing the preset position of the guiding rule model with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model includes:
utilizing a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane to lower a guiding rule at a preset position on the three-dimensional model, wherein the lower rule is that the guiding rule plane is contacted with the three-dimensional model, three-dimensional point clouds in a projection area on the three-dimensional model are all positioned on one side of the guiding rule plane, and the projection area is a projection area of the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model;
obtaining a model of a guiding rule plane and a projection area after the rule is put down;
the obtaining of the comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane comprises:
and obtaining comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane according to the model of the guiding rule plane and the projection area after the guiding rule is drawn down.
Preferably, the acquiring the comparison data of the three-dimensional model with respect to the guiding rule plane includes:
and acquiring an included angle between the guiding rule plane and the plumb line after the rule is put down as perpendicularity data in the comparison data.
Preferably, the target area is a wall surface, and the comparing the preset position of the guiding rule model with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model includes:
utilizing a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane to lower a guiding rule at a preset position on the three-dimensional model, wherein the lower rule is that the guiding rule plane is contacted with the three-dimensional model, three-dimensional point clouds in a projection area on the three-dimensional model are all positioned on one side of the guiding rule plane, and the projection area is a projection area of the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model;
intercepting a model of a guiding rule plane and a projection area after the guiding rule is taken down along the length direction of the guiding rule model by utilizing a section perpendicular to the guiding rule plane;
and obtaining the distance from the point on the guiding rule plane to the three-dimensional model according to the intersection line of the section, the guiding rule plane and the projection area as the comparison data.
Preferably, the target area is a room, and the measuring method includes:
acquiring a three-dimensional room model of the room;
acquiring wall surfaces with two opposite surfaces in the three-dimensional room model;
respectively acquiring a plurality of pairs of mutually corresponding points on the two wall surfaces;
for a pair of mutually corresponding points, the distance between the mutually corresponding points is acquired.
Preferably, the obtaining a plurality of pairs of points corresponding to each other on the two wall surfaces respectively includes:
obtaining boundaries on the two wall surfaces;
and respectively acquiring mutually corresponding points on the two wall surfaces according to the distance from the boundary.
Preferably, the measuring method comprises a measuring method for wall surface area, levelness difference value or yin-yang angle, wherein,
the wall surface area measuring method comprises the following steps:
the target area is a wall surface, a three-dimensional model of the wall surface is obtained, and the actual area of the wall surface is obtained according to the size of the three-dimensional model;
the measuring method of the levelness difference value comprises the following steps:
the target area is a room, a three-dimensional room model of the room is obtained, two opposite wall surfaces in the three-dimensional room model are obtained, and the difference value between the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the two opposite wall surfaces is obtained;
the method for measuring the angle of the internal and external angles comprises the following steps:
the target area is a yin and yang angle, fitting planes of intersecting walls of the yin and yang angles are respectively obtained, and an included angle of the two fitting planes is obtained as an angle of the yin and yang angle.
The invention also provides a measuring system for actually measuring the real quantity, which is characterized in that the measuring system is used for realizing the measuring method.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The invention has the positive progress effects that:
the measuring method and the measuring system for the actual measurement actual quantity can replace the traditional low-efficiency measuring method according to the main size measuring requirement required by the domestic actual measurement actual quantity standard, and meanwhile, the measuring project management and the data management are established, so that the overall working efficiency is further improved, and the informatization degree of the industry is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a measurement method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a measurement system for actually measuring real quantity, the measurement system includes a measurement module and a processing module, the measurement module is a laser scanning device in the embodiment, the measurement module may also be other scanning devices for obtaining a space three-dimensional point cloud, and the processing module may also be a computer or a server processor.
The measuring module and the processing module can be an integrated machine or a computer with the measuring module as a scanner matched with the processing module.
The measuring module is used for scanning a target area by using the scanning device;
the processing module is used for generating a three-dimensional model of the target area according to the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning;
the processing module is used for comparing the preset position of the guiding rule model with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model;
the processing module is used for acquiring comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane.
In this embodiment, the target area is a wall surface.
The processing module is used for obtaining the size of the three-dimensional model;
the processing module is used for acquiring the lower rule position and the lower rule angle on the three-dimensional model according to the size;
the processing module is used for cutting a section with the shape matched with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model by utilizing the rule position and the rule angle.
The processing module is used for dividing the section into a plurality of sub-sections along the length direction of the guiding rule model;
the processing module is used for obtaining the vertical distance between the center point of each sub-section and the plane of the guiding rule;
the processing module is used for acquiring the maximum value in the vertical distance as flatness data of the comparison data.
Further, the processing module is used for utilizing a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane to lower a guiding rule at a preset position on the three-dimensional model, wherein the lower rule is that the guiding rule plane is in contact with the three-dimensional model, three-dimensional point clouds in a projection area on the three-dimensional model are all located on one side of the guiding rule plane, and the projection area is a projection area of the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model;
the processing module is used for obtaining a model of the guiding rule plane and the projection area after the rule is set down;
the processing module is used for obtaining comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane according to the model of the guiding rule plane and the projection area after the guiding rule is drawn down.
The processing module is used for acquiring the included angle between the guiding rule plane after the rule is set down and the plumb line as perpendicularity data in the comparison data.
Specifically, if flatness measurement is performed, a 2000mm by 200mm by 40mm model is taken on a three-dimensional model, 50 equally divided small point clouds are divided along the length direction, and the distance from each small point cloud to the guiding rule plane is calculated. And the perpendicularity is obtained by taking point clouds of 100mm at each of two ends of the guiding rule and calculating an included angle between a connecting line of the central points of the planes of the two ends and the gravity direction.
Further, the processing module is further configured to:
utilizing a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane to lower a guiding rule at a preset position on the three-dimensional model, wherein the lower rule is that the guiding rule plane is contacted with the three-dimensional model, three-dimensional point clouds in a projection area on the three-dimensional model are all positioned on one side of the guiding rule plane, and the projection area is a projection area of the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model;
intercepting a model of a guiding rule plane and a projection area after the guiding rule is taken down along the length direction of the guiding rule model by utilizing a section perpendicular to the guiding rule plane;
and obtaining the distance from the point on the guiding rule plane to the three-dimensional model according to the intersection line of the section, the guiding rule plane and the projection area as the comparison data.
In addition, the target area may be a room, and the processing module is configured to:
acquiring a three-dimensional room model of the room;
acquiring wall surfaces with two opposite surfaces in the three-dimensional room model;
respectively acquiring a plurality of pairs of mutually corresponding points on the two wall surfaces;
for a pair of mutually corresponding points, the distance between the mutually corresponding points is acquired.
The processing module is further configured to:
obtaining boundaries on the two wall surfaces;
and respectively acquiring mutually corresponding points on the two wall surfaces according to the distance from the boundary.
The measuring system is used for measuring the wall surface area, the levelness difference value or the angle of the yin and yang angles, wherein,
the wall surface area measuring method comprises the following steps:
the target area is a wall surface, a three-dimensional model of the wall surface is obtained, and the actual area of the wall surface is obtained according to the size of the three-dimensional model;
the measuring method of the levelness difference value comprises the following steps:
the target area is a room, a three-dimensional room model of the room is obtained, two opposite wall surfaces in the three-dimensional room model are obtained, and the difference value between the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the two opposite wall surfaces is obtained;
the method for measuring the angle of the internal and external angles comprises the following steps:
the target area is a yin and yang angle, fitting planes of intersecting walls of the yin and yang angles are respectively obtained, and an included angle of the two fitting planes is obtained as an angle of the yin and yang angle.
Referring to fig. 1, with the above measurement system, this embodiment further provides a measurement method, including:
step 100, scanning a target area by using a scanning device;
step 101, generating a three-dimensional model of the target area according to three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning;
102, comparing a preset position of a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model;
and 103, obtaining comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane.
In this embodiment, the target area is a wall surface, and the comparing the preset position of the guiding rule model with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model includes:
acquiring the size of the three-dimensional model;
acquiring the lower rule position and the lower rule angle on the three-dimensional model according to the size;
and cutting a section with the shape matched with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model by utilizing the lower rule position and the lower rule angle.
The obtaining of the comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane comprises:
dividing the section into a plurality of sub-sections along the length direction of the guiding rule model;
obtaining the vertical distance between the center point of each sub-section and the plane of the guiding rule;
and acquiring the maximum value in the vertical distance as flatness data of the comparison data.
The target area is a wall surface, and the comparison between the preset position of the guiding rule model with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model comprises the following steps:
utilizing a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane to lower a guiding rule at a preset position on the three-dimensional model, wherein the lower rule is that the guiding rule plane is contacted with the three-dimensional model, three-dimensional point clouds in a projection area on the three-dimensional model are all positioned on one side of the guiding rule plane, and the projection area is a projection area of the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model;
obtaining a model of a guiding rule plane and a projection area after the rule is put down;
the obtaining of the comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane comprises:
and obtaining comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane according to the model of the guiding rule plane and the projection area after the guiding rule is drawn down.
The obtaining of the comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane comprises:
and acquiring an included angle between the guiding rule plane and the plumb line after the rule is put down as perpendicularity data in the comparison data.
The target area is a wall surface, and the comparison between the preset position of the guiding rule model with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model comprises the following steps:
utilizing a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane to lower a guiding rule at a preset position on the three-dimensional model, wherein the lower rule is that the guiding rule plane is contacted with the three-dimensional model, three-dimensional point clouds in a projection area on the three-dimensional model are all positioned on one side of the guiding rule plane, and the projection area is a projection area of the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model;
intercepting a model of a guiding rule plane and a projection area after the guiding rule is taken down along the length direction of the guiding rule model by utilizing a section perpendicular to the guiding rule plane;
and obtaining the distance from the point on the guiding rule plane to the three-dimensional model according to the intersection line of the section, the guiding rule plane and the projection area as the comparison data.
The target area is a room, and the measuring method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a three-dimensional room model of the room;
acquiring wall surfaces with two opposite surfaces in the three-dimensional room model;
respectively acquiring a plurality of pairs of mutually corresponding points on the two wall surfaces;
for a pair of mutually corresponding points, the distance between the mutually corresponding points is acquired.
The method for respectively obtaining a plurality of pairs of mutually corresponding points on the two wall surfaces comprises the following steps:
obtaining boundaries on the two wall surfaces;
and respectively acquiring mutually corresponding points on the two wall surfaces according to the distance from the boundary.
The measuring method comprises a measuring method for the wall surface area, the levelness difference value or the internal and external angle, wherein,
the wall surface area measuring method comprises the following steps:
the target area is a wall surface, a three-dimensional model of the wall surface is obtained, and the actual area of the wall surface is obtained according to the size of the three-dimensional model;
the measuring method of the levelness difference value comprises the following steps:
the target area is a room, a three-dimensional room model of the room is obtained, two opposite wall surfaces in the three-dimensional room model are obtained, and the difference value between the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the two opposite wall surfaces is obtained;
the method for measuring the angle of the internal and external angles comprises the following steps:
the target area is a yin and yang angle, fitting planes of intersecting walls of the yin and yang angles are respectively obtained, and an included angle of the two fitting planes is obtained as an angle of the yin and yang angle.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A measurement method for actually measuring a real quantity, the measurement method comprising:
scanning a target area by using a scanning device;
generating a three-dimensional model of the target area according to the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained by scanning;
comparing a preset position of a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model with the three-dimensional model;
acquiring comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane;
the target area is a wall surface, and the comparison between the preset position of the guiding rule model with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model and the three-dimensional model comprises the following steps:
utilizing a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane to lower a guiding rule at a preset position on the three-dimensional model, wherein the lower rule is that the guiding rule plane is contacted with the three-dimensional model, three-dimensional point clouds in a projection area on the three-dimensional model are all positioned on one side of the guiding rule plane, and the projection area is a projection area of the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model;
obtaining a model of a guiding rule plane and a projection area after the rule is put down;
the obtaining of the comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane comprises:
and obtaining comparison data of the three-dimensional model relative to the guiding rule plane according to the model of the guiding rule plane and the projection area after the guiding rule is drawn down.
2. The method of measuring of claim 1, wherein the target area is a wall surface, and the comparing the predetermined position on the three-dimensional model with the tape plane comprises:
acquiring the size of the three-dimensional model;
acquiring the lower rule position and the lower rule angle on the three-dimensional model according to the size;
and cutting a section with the shape matched with the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model by utilizing the lower rule position and the lower rule angle.
3. The measurement method of claim 2, wherein the acquiring of the alignment data of the three-dimensional model relative to the scale plane comprises:
dividing the section into a plurality of sub-sections along the length direction of the guiding rule model;
obtaining the vertical distance between the center point of each sub-section and the plane of the guiding rule;
and acquiring the maximum value in the vertical distance as flatness data of the comparison data.
4. The measurement method of claim 1, wherein the acquiring of the alignment data of the three-dimensional model relative to the scale plane comprises:
and acquiring an included angle between the guiding rule plane and the plumb line after the rule is put down as perpendicularity data in the comparison data.
5. The method of measuring of claim 1, wherein the target area is a wall surface, and the comparing the predetermined position on the three-dimensional model with the tape plane comprises:
utilizing a guiding rule model with a guiding rule plane to lower a guiding rule at a preset position on the three-dimensional model, wherein the lower rule is that the guiding rule plane is contacted with the three-dimensional model, three-dimensional point clouds in a projection area on the three-dimensional model are all positioned on one side of the guiding rule plane, and the projection area is a projection area of the guiding rule plane on the three-dimensional model;
intercepting a model of a guiding rule plane and a projection area after the guiding rule is taken down along the length direction of the guiding rule model by utilizing a section perpendicular to the guiding rule plane;
and obtaining the distance from the point on the guiding rule plane to the three-dimensional model according to the intersection line of the section, the guiding rule plane and the projection area as the comparison data.
6. The measurement method of claim 1, wherein the target area is a room, the measurement method comprising:
acquiring a three-dimensional room model of the room;
acquiring wall surfaces with two opposite surfaces in the three-dimensional room model;
respectively acquiring a plurality of pairs of mutually corresponding points on the two wall surfaces;
for a pair of mutually corresponding points, the distance between the mutually corresponding points is acquired.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of measuring comprises a method of measuring wall surface area, levelness tolerance value, or angle of internal and external angles, wherein,
the wall surface area measuring method comprises the following steps:
the target area is a wall surface, a three-dimensional model of the wall surface is obtained, and the actual area of the wall surface is obtained according to the size of the three-dimensional model;
the measuring method of the levelness difference value comprises the following steps:
the target area is a room, a three-dimensional room model of the room is obtained, two opposite wall surfaces in the three-dimensional room model are obtained, and the difference value between the maximum distance and the minimum distance between the two opposite wall surfaces is obtained;
the method for measuring the angle of the internal and external angles comprises the following steps:
the target area is a yin and yang angle, fitting planes of intersecting walls of the yin and yang angles are respectively obtained, and an included angle of the two fitting planes is obtained as an angle of the yin and yang angle.
8. A measurement system for actually measuring real quantities, characterized in that the measurement system is adapted to implement a measurement method according to any of the claims 1 to 7.
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| CN113702985B (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2024-04-02 | 盎锐(杭州)信息科技有限公司 | Measuring method for actual measurement and laser radar |
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